EP0676910A2 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing curved radiators, especially incandescent halogen lamps, and radiators produced by this method - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for manufacturing curved radiators, especially incandescent halogen lamps, and radiators produced by this method Download PDFInfo
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- EP0676910A2 EP0676910A2 EP95104587A EP95104587A EP0676910A2 EP 0676910 A2 EP0676910 A2 EP 0676910A2 EP 95104587 A EP95104587 A EP 95104587A EP 95104587 A EP95104587 A EP 95104587A EP 0676910 A2 EP0676910 A2 EP 0676910A2
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- tube
- filling pressure
- radiator
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- mbar
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
- H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
- H05B3/744—Lamps as heat source, i.e. heating elements with protective gas envelope, e.g. halogen lamps
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing curved radiators, in particular angled or annularly curved radiators, in particular halogen lamps, and to radiators produced therewith and devices suitable therefor.
- Such spotlights are suitable for use in cooktops, e.g. as a radiator heating element. They are described for example in DE-GM 88 02 062, in EP-OS 434 373 and 438 254 and in GB-PA 2 250 669.
- the advantage of the method according to the invention is that it manages with a minimum of manufacturing steps and in particular complex steps such as the complicated threading of the filament or the squeezing of the deformed one Kolbens saves. Ultimately, the simplified procedure results in significantly less waste.
- the filling pressure should preferably be selected between 300 and 900 mbar.
- a filling pressure of 600 to 800 mbar is particularly suitable, irrespective of the type of filling gas and possibly small additions of halogen-like additives.
- Argon or another noble gas or a mixture of different noble gases is usually used, possibly. can also, as previously known, other inert gases, e.g. Nitrogen.
- the correct choice of filling pressure means that the piston neither inflates nor collapses during the bending process. In general, for short lamps (100 to 200 mm long) the filling pressure should be set more in the lower half of the above range, for long lamps (more than 300 mm long) more in the upper half of the above range. Additional fine adjustment can be achieved by cooling the pipe during processing. If a noticeable excess pressure is selected, cooling the lamp during the bending process is fundamentally necessary, in particular at a cold filling pressure of more than 1.1 bar.
- a baseless radiator with a cylindrical piston as has been known for a long time, is now first produced, but which uses the filling pressure discussed above. It has a linearly arranged filament, which is loosely fixed in the bulb, for example, using retaining rings. The two ends of the tube are preferably closed with a press seal.
- the deformation may consist of angling one or more sections of the tube. Sections on one or both pipe ends can preferably be angled so that, for example, a U-shaped pipe is formed.
- the tube is locally heated, preferably by means of a heating source surrounding the tube in a ring, for example a gas burner.
- the method can in principle also be used for the continuous bending of the tube.
- the still rod-shaped radiator is mounted in an apparatus which comprises a pincer-like holding means and a feed means generating drive means.
- the holding means can be moved on a circular path, preferably via a drive shaft or axis. It is connected to it via a swivel arm.
- the feed-generating drive means (for example in the form of a linkage or in the form of a band, in particular a steel band) is arranged approximately tangentially to the circular path of the rotating arm.
- the easiest way to do this is by means of a tape that is wound onto a disc that is mounted on the shaft next to the rotating arm and has approximately the same diameter as the circular path of the rotating arm.
- the tube is attached to the drive means so that it can be moved like a conveyor belt.
- At least one end of the lamp, preferably both ends, are fixed by holding means. One end is held by the holding means movable on a circular path.
- the two moving parts can be set in motion in a timed manner (preferably simultaneously or almost simultaneously).
- the disk for the drive means is attached to the drive shaft directly or via a transmission.
- a local section of the tube is heated in a ring, for example a gas burner designed as a ring is used as the heating source.
- the gas burner is preferably composed of two parts (half rings) in order to facilitate the insertion of the tube by opening the half rings.
- both the drive means and the movable holding means are put into operation.
- an arbitrary pitch circle or a (more or less complete) full circle can be generated.
- An S-shaped or differently designed stringing of partial circle sections is also possible by repeatedly reassembling the partially bent pipe.
- the above-mentioned bending process can also be carried out with this apparatus by only moving a very small pitch circle.
- the processes of angling and continuous bending can be combined, for example in order to create an ⁇ -like full circle, the pipe ends being parallel.
- the radiator After bending, the radiator can be finished in a known manner, e.g. the ends can be sandblasted and socketed.
- FIG. 1 shows a rod-shaped 800 W halogen incandescent lamp (festoon), known per se, with a filling of argon (700 mbar) and a halogen additive.
- the two ends 2 are crimped.
- the axially arranged filament 3 is loosely fixed by retaining rings 19 in the tube 4 made of quartz glass.
- the pipe 4 In the vicinity of the pipe end 2, the pipe 4, the length of which is approximately 350 mm, is first heated with an annular gas burner 5 and an end section 2 'is bent by approximately 30 ° (arrow in FIG. 2). The same procedure is followed with the second end section 2 '.
- the tube 4 is then bent into a full circle (FIG. 3), the two end sections 2 'again being parallel.
- the apparatus required for this is shown in FIG. 4.
- the already angled spotlight 1 is indirectly attached to a vertically movable steel band 6, in that the lower end section 2a is fixed by a rigid holding forceps 7, which is connected to the steel band via a table 18.
- the end of the straight section of the tube is fixed in the region of the transition to the upper end section 2b by a similar holding pliers 8, which is, however, movably mounted on a drive shaft 11 via a rotating arm 15.
- An annular gas burner 10 surrounds the radiator 1 directly in front of the holding tongs 8.
- the steel band 6 is fastened on the shaft 11 by means of a circular disk 9 which sits next to the rotating arm 15 (not visible in the top view).
- the sequence of the combined bending and bending process can be summarized as follows: To bend the end sections, the still straight lamp is mounted in a holder with a ring burner. Above the ring burner is a pincer-like holding device that can move on a circular path. After heating, the tube is moved over a short pitch circle and is thus bent above the ring burner, whereby it is pushed by a drive means. The advantage of this procedure is that such a crease on the inside of the bend where the glass is pushed together is avoided.
- Both end sections are bent in the manner described.
- the tube which is angled on both sides, is then rotated through 180 ° and mounted again in the receptacle, so that the bent end sections protrude from the drive shaft (FIG. 4).
- the lamp is gripped by holding tongs and, after passing through a ring torch, bent by the tongs describing a circular path.
- the diameter of this circular path is identical to the diameter of the ring-shaped lamp.
- the process is ended via a limit switch after approximately a full circle has been run through, if and only if both angled end sections are parallel.
- the finished bent lamp has, for example, a tube diameter of 8 mm and a diameter of the full circle of approximately 9 cm.
- the choice of filling pressure depends on the volume of the lamp, since this determines the extent of the pressure change (generally an increase) during processing. Since the tube diameter leaves little scope (typical values are 8 - 12 mm), the main criterion for the volume is the lamp length. Depending on the desired lamp output, it is approx. 50 to 1000 mm. A filling pressure of approximately 300 to 900 mbar is used accordingly. It is set in a rough approximation proportional to the lamp length. With a length of approx. 300 to 450 mm, for example, a filling pressure of 650 to 750 mbar can be used. However, it is also possible to choose a constant filling pressure for this length range (in this case at the upper limit, i.e. around 750 mbar) and to maintain the working pressure of 1 bar by more or less intensive cooling of the unheated pipe sections. The cooling can e.g. ( Figure 4) by liquid nitrogen 20, as described in DE-OS 34 43 384.
- the lamp 21, shown in a highly simplified manner in FIG. 5, is bent into a partial circle 22, but has no angled ends. Rather, they are tangential extensions 23 of the pitch circle.
- the process step of angling necessary for the first embodiment is thus omitted.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen gebogener Strahler, insbesondere abgewinkelter oder ringförmig gebogener Strahler, insbesondere von Halogenglühlampen, sowie damit hergestellte Strahler und dafür geeignete Vorrichtungen.The invention relates to a method for producing curved radiators, in particular angled or annularly curved radiators, in particular halogen lamps, and to radiators produced therewith and devices suitable therefor.
Derartige Strahler, insbesondere Lampen mit Halogenfüllung, eignen sich für den Einsatz in Kochmulden, z.B. als Hellstrahler-Heizelement. Sie sind beispielsweise im DE-GM 88 02 062, in den EP-OS 434 373 und 438 254 sowie in der GB-PA 2 250 669 beschrieben.Such spotlights, especially lamps with halogen filling, are suitable for use in cooktops, e.g. as a radiator heating element. They are described for example in DE-GM 88 02 062, in EP-OS 434 373 and 438 254 and in GB-PA 2 250 669.
Die bisher verwendeten Herstellverfahren für derartige Strahler gemäß GB-PA 1 237 023 und DE-OS 38 26 669 sehen vor, daß das Rohr zunächst in die gebogene Form gebracht, der Glühwiderstand in das gebogene Rohr eingebracht und die Enden des Rohres verschlossen werden. Erst abschließend wird das Rohr über einen Pumpstutzen evakuiert, gefüllt und gesockelt. Dabei wird üblicherweise ein Fülldruck von 2 - 3 bar verwendet.The previously used manufacturing methods for such radiators according to GB-
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die Herstellung derartiger Strahler wirtschaftlicher zu gestalten und das Verfahren zu vereinfachen sowie solche Strahler bereitzustellen.It is an object of the present invention to make the production of such radiators more economical and to simplify the method and to provide such radiators.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Verfahrensschritte des Anspruchs 1 und durch einen Strahler gemäß Anspruch 13 gelöst. Besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen finden sich in den abhängigen Ansprüchen.This object is achieved by the method steps of
Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist, daß es mit einem Minimum an Fertigungsschritten auskommt und insbesondere aufwendige Schritte wie das komplizierte Einfädeln des Leuchtkörpers oder das Quetschen des verformten Kolbens einspart. Letztlich wird durch das vereinfachte Verfahren erheblich weniger Ausschuß verursacht.The advantage of the method according to the invention is that it manages with a minimum of manufacturing steps and in particular complex steps such as the complicated threading of the filament or the squeezing of the deformed one Kolbens saves. Ultimately, the simplified procedure results in significantly less waste.
Es hat sich überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß es möglich ist, den Fülldruck eines Strahlers so zu bemessen, daß der Strahler nicht nur ein gutes Betriebsverhalten zeigt, sondern auch für eine anschließende Weiterverarbeitung unter Verformung des Kolbenrohres geeignet ist. Dafür ist es erforderlich, einen Füllgasdruck zu verwenden, mit dem während des für das Verformen notwendigen Erhitzens des Rohres sich der Verarbeitungsdruck dann auf etwa 1 bar einstellen läßt. Der geeignete Druckbereich liegt zwischen etwa 200 mbar und 1,5 bar.Surprisingly, it has been shown that it is possible to measure the filling pressure of a radiator in such a way that the radiator not only exhibits good operating behavior, but is also suitable for subsequent further processing while deforming the piston tube. For this it is necessary to use a filling gas pressure with which the processing pressure can then be set to approximately 1 bar during the heating of the tube necessary for the deformation. The suitable pressure range is between approximately 200 mbar and 1.5 bar.
Bevorzugt sollte der Fülldruck zwischen 300 und 900 mbar gewählt werden. Insbesondere eignet sich ein Fülldruck von 600 bis 800 mbar, unabhängig von der Art des Füllgases und evtl. geringer Beimengungen von halogenartigen Zusätzen. Üblicherweise wird Argon oder ein anderes Edelgas bzw. eine Mischung verschiedener Edelgase verwendet, u.U. können auch, wie vorbekannt, andere Inertgase, z.B. Stickstoff, verwendet werden. Die richtige Wahl des Fülldrucks bewirkt, daß sich der Kolben während des Biegevorganges weder aufbläst noch daß er zusammenfällt. Allgemein gilt, daß bei kurzen Lampen (100 bis 200 mm lang) der Fülldruck mehr in der unteren Hälfte des obigen Bereichs, bei langen Lampen (mehr als 300 mm Länge) mehr in der oberen Hälfte des obigen Bereichs eingestellt werden sollte. Eine zusätzliche Feinregulierung kann durch Kühlen des Rohres während der Verarbeitung erzielt werden. Bei Wahl eines merklichen Überdrucks ist ein Kühlen der Lampe während des Biegevorganges grundsätzlich erforderlich, insbesondere bei einem Kaltfülldruck von mehr als 1,1 bar.The filling pressure should preferably be selected between 300 and 900 mbar. A filling pressure of 600 to 800 mbar is particularly suitable, irrespective of the type of filling gas and possibly small additions of halogen-like additives. Argon or another noble gas or a mixture of different noble gases is usually used, possibly. can also, as previously known, other inert gases, e.g. Nitrogen. The correct choice of filling pressure means that the piston neither inflates nor collapses during the bending process. In general, for short lamps (100 to 200 mm long) the filling pressure should be set more in the lower half of the above range, for long lamps (more than 300 mm long) more in the upper half of the above range. Additional fine adjustment can be achieved by cooling the pipe during processing. If a noticeable excess pressure is selected, cooling the lamp during the bending process is fundamentally necessary, in particular at a cold filling pressure of more than 1.1 bar.
Aufgrund dieses bisher nicht für realisierbar gehaltenen Kniffs läßt sich das Herstellverfahren gebogener Strahler erheblich vereinfachen.Due to this hitherto not considered feasible, the manufacturing process of curved emitters can be considerably simplified.
Erfindungsgemäß wird nun zunächst ein sockelloser Strahler mit zylindrischem Kolben, wie schon lange bekannt, hergestellt, der jedoch den oben diskutierten Fülldruck verwendet. Er besitzt einen linear angeordneten Leuchtkörper, der z.B. mittels Halteringen im Kolben locker fixiert ist. Vorzugsweise werden die beiden Enden des Rohres mit einer Quetschdichtung verschlossen.According to the invention, a baseless radiator with a cylindrical piston, as has been known for a long time, is now first produced, but which uses the filling pressure discussed above. It has a linearly arranged filament, which is loosely fixed in the bulb, for example, using retaining rings. The two ends of the tube are preferably closed with a press seal.
Erst dann wird das Rohr des fertigen Strahlers in einer Art Zonenschmelzverfahren lokal erhitzt und dann in einem oder mehreren Teilschritten verformt. Dieses Verfahren ist nicht nur für Rohre aus Glas, vornehmlich Quarzglas, sondern auch aus Quarzgut geeignet.Only then is the tube of the finished radiator locally heated in a type of zone melting process and then deformed in one or more substeps. This process is not only suitable for tubes made of glass, primarily quartz glass, but also made of quartz.
Die Verformung kann in einem Abwinkeln eines oder mehrerer Abschnitte des Rohres bestehen. Vorzugsweise können Abschnitte an einem oder beiden Rohrenden abgewinkelt werden, so daß beispielsweise ein U-förmig gebogenes Rohr entsteht.
Dazu wird das Rohr lokal erhitzt, vorzugsweise mittels einer ringförmig das Rohr umgebenden Heizquelle, beispielsweise ein Gasbrenner.The deformation may consist of angling one or more sections of the tube. Sections on one or both pipe ends can preferably be angled so that, for example, a U-shaped pipe is formed.
For this purpose, the tube is locally heated, preferably by means of a heating source surrounding the tube in a ring, for example a gas burner.
Andererseits kann das Verfahren grundsätzlich auch zum kontinuierlichen Verbiegen des Rohres verwendet werden. Insbesondere handelt es sich um das Herstellen eines Teilkreises oder Vollkreises, aber auch einer Spirale oder eines Vollkreises mit überlappenden, aus der Kreisebene herausgebogenen Enden oder anderer Formen ähnlich dem eingangs beschriebenen Stand der Technik.
In diesem Fall wird der noch stabförmige Strahler in einer Apparatur montiert, die ein zangenartiges Haltemittel und ein vorschuberzeugendes Antriebsmittel umfaßt. Das Haltemittel ist, vorzugsweise über eine Antriebswelle bzw. - achse, auf einer Kreisbahn bewegbar. Es steht über einen Dreharm mit ihr in Verbindung.
Das vorschuberzeugende Antriebsmittel (z.B. als Gestänge oder in der Art eines Bandes ausgeführt, insbesondere ein Stahlband) ist näherungsweise tangential zur Kreisbahn des Dreharms angeordnet. Am einfachsten geschieht dies durch ein Band, das auf eine Scheibe aufgewickelt wird, die neben dem Dreharm auf der Welle montiert ist und in etwa denselben Durchmesser wie die Kreisbahn des Dreharms besitzt. Das Rohr wird am Antriebsmittel befestigt, so daß es ähnlich einem Förderband bewegt werden kann. Zumindest ein Ende der Lampe, vorzugsweise beide Enden, werden durch Haltemittel fixiert. Dabei ist ein Ende durch das auf einer Kreisbahn bewegliche Haltemittel gehaltert.
Die beiden beweglichen Teile können zeitabgestimmt (vorzugsweise gleichzeitig oder nahezu gleichzeitig) in Bewegung gesetzt werden. Vorzugsweise ist die Scheibe für das Antriebsmittel direkt oder über eine Übersetzung an der Antriebswelle befestigt.On the other hand, the method can in principle also be used for the continuous bending of the tube. In particular, it is a matter of producing a partial circle or full circle, but also a spiral or a full circle with overlapping ends bent out of the circular plane or other shapes similar to the prior art described at the outset.
In this case, the still rod-shaped radiator is mounted in an apparatus which comprises a pincer-like holding means and a feed means generating drive means. The holding means can be moved on a circular path, preferably via a drive shaft or axis. It is connected to it via a swivel arm.
The feed-generating drive means (for example in the form of a linkage or in the form of a band, in particular a steel band) is arranged approximately tangentially to the circular path of the rotating arm. The easiest way to do this is by means of a tape that is wound onto a disc that is mounted on the shaft next to the rotating arm and has approximately the same diameter as the circular path of the rotating arm. The tube is attached to the drive means so that it can be moved like a conveyor belt. At least one end of the lamp, preferably both ends, are fixed by holding means. One end is held by the holding means movable on a circular path.
The two moving parts can be set in motion in a timed manner (preferably simultaneously or almost simultaneously). Preferably the disk for the drive means is attached to the drive shaft directly or via a transmission.
Zunächst wird in der Nähe des Tangentenpunktes, wo das Antriebsmittel näherungsweise die Kreisbahn des Dreharms berührt, ein lokaler Abschnitt des Rohres ringförmig erhitzt, beispielsweise wird als Heizquelle ein als Ring ausgebildeter Gasbrenner verwendet. Der Gasbrenner ist vorzugsweise aus zwei Teilen (Halbringen) zusammengesetzt, um das Einsetzen des Rohres durch Öffnen der Halbringe zu erleichtern.
Anschließend werden sowohl das Antriebsmittel als auch das bewegliche Haltemittel in Betrieb genommen. Auf diese Weise läßt sich ein beliebiger Teilkreis oder auch ein (mehr oder weniger vollständiger) Vollkreis erzeugen. Auch ein S-förmiges oder anders gestaltetes Aneinanderreihen von Teilkreisabschnitten ist durch mehrfaches Ummontieren des teilgebogenen Rohres möglich. Insbesondere ist auch der oben erwähnte Abwinkelvorgang mit dieser Apparatur realisierbar, indem nur ein sehr geringer Teilkreis abgefahren wird. Insbesondere können die Vorgänge des Abwinkelns und des kontinuierlichen Abbiegens kombiniert werden, z.B. um einen Ω-ähnlichen Vollkreis zu erzeugen, wobei die Rohrenden parallel stehen.First, in the vicinity of the tangent point, where the drive means approximately contacts the circular path of the rotating arm, a local section of the tube is heated in a ring, for example a gas burner designed as a ring is used as the heating source. The gas burner is preferably composed of two parts (half rings) in order to facilitate the insertion of the tube by opening the half rings.
Then both the drive means and the movable holding means are put into operation. In this way, an arbitrary pitch circle or a (more or less complete) full circle can be generated. An S-shaped or differently designed stringing of partial circle sections is also possible by repeatedly reassembling the partially bent pipe. In particular, the above-mentioned bending process can also be carried out with this apparatus by only moving a very small pitch circle. In particular, the processes of angling and continuous bending can be combined, for example in order to create an Ω-like full circle, the pipe ends being parallel.
Nach dem Biegen kann der Strahler in bekannter Weise fertiggestellt werden, z.B. können die Enden sandgestrahlt und gesockelt werden.After bending, the radiator can be finished in a known manner, e.g. the ends can be sandblasted and socketed.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Es zeigt
Figur 1- eine stabförmige Halogenglühlampe
Figur 2- dieselbe Lampe nach dem Abwinkeln der Enden
Figur 3- dieselbe Lampe nach dem Biegen eines Vollkreises
Figur 4- eine Prinzipdarstellung des Biegevorganges.
Figur 5- ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Halogenglühlampe
- Figure 1
- a rod-shaped halogen lamp
- Figure 2
- the same lamp after bending the ends
- Figure 3
- the same lamp after bending a full circle
- Figure 4
- a schematic diagram of the bending process.
- Figure 5
- a further embodiment of a halogen incandescent lamp according to the invention
In Figur 1 ist als Strahler 1 eine an sich bekannte stabförmige 800 W-Halogenglühlampe (Soffitte) mit einer Füllung aus Argon (700 mbar) und einem Halogenzusatz gezeigt. Die beiden Enden 2 sind gequetscht. Der axial angeordnete Leuchtkörper 3 ist durch Halteringe 19 im Rohr 4 aus Quarzglas locker fixiert. In der Nähe des Rohrendes 2 wird das Rohr 4, dessen Länge ca. 350 mm beträgt, zunächst mit einem ringförmigen Gasbrenner 5 erhitzt und ein Endabschnitt 2' um ca. 30° abgebogen (Pfeil in Figur 2). Entsprechend wird in derselben Weise mit dem zweiten Endabschnitt 2' verfahren. Anschließend wird das Rohr 4 zu einem Vollkreis gebogen (Figur 3), wobei die beiden Endabschnitte 2' wieder parallel stehen.
Die dafür erforderliche Apparatur ist in Figur 4 gezeigt. Der bereits abgewinkelte Strahler 1 ist mittelbar auf einem vertikal beweglichen Stahlband 6 befestigt, indem der untere Endabschnitt 2a durch eine starre Haltezange 7, die mit dem Stahlband über einen Tisch 18 verbunden ist, fixiert ist. Das Ende des geraden Abschnitts des Rohres ist im Bereich des Übergangs zum oberen Endabschnitt 2b durch eine ähnliche Haltezange 8 fixiert, die jedoch beweglich über einen Dreharm 15 auf einer Antriebswelle 11 montiert ist. Ein ringförmiger Gasbrenner 10 umgibt den Strahler 1 direkt vor der Haltezange 8. Das Stahlband 6 ist auf der Welle 11 über eine Kreisscheibe 9 befestigt, die neben dem Dreharm 15 sitzt (in Draufsicht nicht erkennbar).
Bei Inbetriebnahme der Apparatur durch Drehen (Pfeil) der Antriebswelle wird dem Strahler eine Kreisform aufgezwungen, wobei der Soll-Biegeradius durch den Abstand der Haltezange 8 von der Antriebswelle 11 bestimmt ist.FIG. 1 shows a rod-shaped 800 W halogen incandescent lamp (festoon), known per se, with a filling of argon (700 mbar) and a halogen additive. The two ends 2 are crimped. The axially arranged
The apparatus required for this is shown in FIG. 4. The already angled
When the apparatus is started up by turning (arrow) the drive shaft, the radiator is forced into a circular shape, the desired bending radius being determined by the distance between the holding
Der Ablauf des kombinierten Abwinkel- und Biegeverfahrens läßt sich folgendermassen zusammenfassen:
Zum Abwinkeln der Endabschnitte wird die noch gerade Lampe in eine Aufnahme mit Ringbrenner montiert. Oberhalb des Ringbrenners befindet sich eine zangenartige Haltevorrichtung, die sich auf einer Kreisbahn bewegen kann.
Nach dem Anwärmen wird das Rohr über einen kurzen Teilkreis bewegt und somit oberhalb des Ringbrenners abgebogen, wobei es über ein Antriebsmittel nachgeschoben wird. Der Vorteil dieses Vorgehens ist, daß so eine Falte auf der Innenseite der Abwinkelung, wo das Glas zusammengeschoben wird, vermieden wird.The sequence of the combined bending and bending process can be summarized as follows:
To bend the end sections, the still straight lamp is mounted in a holder with a ring burner. Above the ring burner is a pincer-like holding device that can move on a circular path.
After heating, the tube is moved over a short pitch circle and is thus bent above the ring burner, whereby it is pushed by a drive means. The advantage of this procedure is that such a crease on the inside of the bend where the glass is pushed together is avoided.
Beide Endabschnitte werden in der so beschriebenen Weise abgebogen.Both end sections are bent in the manner described.
Das beidseits abgewinkelte Rohr wird dann um 180° gedreht und erneut in die Aufnahme montiert, so daß die abgebogenen Endabschnitte von der Antriebswelle abstehen (Figur 4). Knapp vor der Biegung des oberen Endabschnitts wird die Lampe von einer Haltezange umfaßt und nach dem Passieren eines Ringbrenners gebogen, indem die Zange eine Kreisbahn beschreibt. Der Durchmesser dieser Kreisbahn ist identisch zum Durchmesser der ringförmig gebogenen Lampe.
Über einen Endschalter wird der Prozeß, nachdem näherungsweise ein Vollkreis durchlaufen worden ist, genau dann beendet, wenn beide abgewinkelten Endabschnitte parallel stehen. Die fertig gebogene Lampe besitzt beispielsweise einen Rohrdurchmesser von 8 mm und einen Durchmesser des Vollkreises von ca. 9 cm.The tube, which is angled on both sides, is then rotated through 180 ° and mounted again in the receptacle, so that the bent end sections protrude from the drive shaft (FIG. 4). Just before the upper end section bends, the lamp is gripped by holding tongs and, after passing through a ring torch, bent by the tongs describing a circular path. The diameter of this circular path is identical to the diameter of the ring-shaped lamp.
The process is ended via a limit switch after approximately a full circle has been run through, if and only if both angled end sections are parallel. The finished bent lamp has, for example, a tube diameter of 8 mm and a diameter of the full circle of approximately 9 cm.
Generell hängt die Wahl des Fülldrucks vom Volumen der Lampe ab, da dieses das Ausmaß der Druckänderung (im allgemeinen eine Erhöhung) während der Verarbeitung bestimmt. Da der Rohrdurchmesser wenig Spielraum beläßt (typische Werte sind 8 - 12 mm), ist das Hauptkriterium für das Volumen die Lampenlänge. Sie liegt je nach gewünschter Lampenleistung bei ca. 50 bis 1000 mm. Entsprechend wird ein Fülldruck von ungefähr 300 bis 900 mbar verwendet. Er wird in grober Näherung proportional der Lampenlänge eingestellt. Bei einer Länge von ca. 300 bis 450 mm läßt sich beispielsweise ein Fülldruck von 650 bis 750 mbar verwenden. Es ist aber auch möglich, für diesen Längenbereich einen konstanten Fülldruck (in diesem Fall an der Obergrenze, also bei ca. 750 mbar) zu wählen und den Arbeitsdruck von 1 bar durch mehr oder weniger intensive Kühlung der nicht erhitzten Rohrabschnitte aufrechtzuerhalten. Die Kühlung kann z.B. (Figur 4) durch flüssigen Stickstoff 20 erfolgen, wie in der DE-OS 34 43 384 beschrieben.In general, the choice of filling pressure depends on the volume of the lamp, since this determines the extent of the pressure change (generally an increase) during processing. Since the tube diameter leaves little scope (typical values are 8 - 12 mm), the main criterion for the volume is the lamp length. Depending on the desired lamp output, it is approx. 50 to 1000 mm. A filling pressure of approximately 300 to 900 mbar is used accordingly. It is set in a rough approximation proportional to the lamp length. With a length of approx. 300 to 450 mm, for example, a filling pressure of 650 to 750 mbar can be used. However, it is also possible to choose a constant filling pressure for this length range (in this case at the upper limit, i.e. around 750 mbar) and to maintain the working pressure of 1 bar by more or less intensive cooling of the unheated pipe sections. The cooling can e.g. (Figure 4) by
Die in Fig. 5 stark vereinfacht dargestellte Lampe 21 ist zu einem Teilkreis 22 gebogen, besitzt jedoch keine abgewinkelten Enden. Sie sind vielmehr tangentiale Verlängerungen 23 des Teilkreises. Beim Herstellen entfällt somit der für das erste Ausführungsbeispiel notwendige Verfahrensschritt des Abwinkelns.The
Claims (15)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4412389 | 1994-04-11 | ||
DE4412389A DE4412389A1 (en) | 1994-04-11 | 1994-04-11 | Method for producing a curved spotlight, in particular a halogen incandescent lamp, and spotlights produced with it, and a device suitable therefor |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0676910A2 true EP0676910A2 (en) | 1995-10-11 |
EP0676910A3 EP0676910A3 (en) | 1996-07-24 |
EP0676910B1 EP0676910B1 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
Family
ID=6515086
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95104587A Expired - Lifetime EP0676910B1 (en) | 1994-04-11 | 1995-03-28 | Method for manufacturing curved radiators, especially incandescent halogen lamps |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0676910B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0896773A (en) |
AT (1) | ATE213899T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4412389A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HU215308B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0959645A2 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-11-24 | Heraeus Noblelight GmbH | Short wavelength infrared irradiator |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2790090Y (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2006-06-21 | 上海中铁科技发展有限公司 | Nano-silicon carbide composite fiber electric heating tube |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1262469B (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1968-03-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Process for the production of a tubular, curved electric infrared heater with a glass vessel closed by melting |
EP0316986A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electrical cooking unit and electrical cooking apparatus provided with this unit |
EP0328733A1 (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-08-23 | Blv Licht- Und Vakuumtechnik Gmbh | Radiator filled with gas |
JPH01227377A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-09-11 | Matsushita Electron Corp | Infrared-ray heater and its manufacture |
-
1994
- 1994-04-11 DE DE4412389A patent/DE4412389A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-03-28 DE DE59510070T patent/DE59510070D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-03-28 EP EP95104587A patent/EP0676910B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-03-28 AT AT95104587T patent/ATE213899T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-04-07 JP JP7108262A patent/JPH0896773A/en active Pending
- 1995-04-10 HU HU9501039A patent/HU215308B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1262469B (en) * | 1963-12-30 | 1968-03-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Process for the production of a tubular, curved electric infrared heater with a glass vessel closed by melting |
EP0316986A1 (en) * | 1987-11-06 | 1989-05-24 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Electrical cooking unit and electrical cooking apparatus provided with this unit |
EP0328733A1 (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-08-23 | Blv Licht- Und Vakuumtechnik Gmbh | Radiator filled with gas |
JPH01227377A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-09-11 | Matsushita Electron Corp | Infrared-ray heater and its manufacture |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 548 (E-856), 7.Dezember 1989 & JP-A-01 227377 (MATSUSHITA ELECTRON CORP), 11.September 1989, * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0959645A2 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-11-24 | Heraeus Noblelight GmbH | Short wavelength infrared irradiator |
EP0959645A3 (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 2001-03-21 | Heraeus Noblelight GmbH | Short wavelength infrared irradiator |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0676910B1 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
DE59510070D1 (en) | 2002-04-04 |
JPH0896773A (en) | 1996-04-12 |
EP0676910A3 (en) | 1996-07-24 |
ATE213899T1 (en) | 2002-03-15 |
HUT70734A (en) | 1995-10-30 |
DE4412389A1 (en) | 1995-10-12 |
HU9501039D0 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
HU215308B (en) | 1998-11-30 |
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