EP0676783A2 - High-tension circuit-breaker with a heating chamber and a compression chamber - Google Patents

High-tension circuit-breaker with a heating chamber and a compression chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0676783A2
EP0676783A2 EP95250062A EP95250062A EP0676783A2 EP 0676783 A2 EP0676783 A2 EP 0676783A2 EP 95250062 A EP95250062 A EP 95250062A EP 95250062 A EP95250062 A EP 95250062A EP 0676783 A2 EP0676783 A2 EP 0676783A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
voltage circuit
electrical high
breaker according
heating chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95250062A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0676783A3 (en
Inventor
Dienemann Dr. Hold
Volker Lehmann
Friedrich Löbner
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0676783A2 publication Critical patent/EP0676783A2/en
Publication of EP0676783A3 publication Critical patent/EP0676783A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/906—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism with pressure limitation in the compression volume, e.g. by valves or bleeder openings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H2033/908—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism using valves for regulating communication between, e.g. arc space, hot volume, compression volume, surrounding volume
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/76—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts; Selection of material therefor
    • H01H33/78—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts; Selection of material therefor wherein the break is in gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical high-voltage circuit breaker with two switch contacts arranged coaxially to one another and with a mechanical compression device for an extinguishing gas, which is connected to the drive of the switch, and with a compression space and a heating space which can be elastically expanded by the extinguishing gas pressure.
  • Such a high-voltage circuit breaker is known, for example, from EP-0 296 363 A2.
  • the known switch is an insulating nozzle switch with two switch contact pieces which are located coaxially opposite one another, as well as a heating space and a compression space surrounding them coaxially.
  • the heating and compression rooms are separated from each other by a movable cylinder base with overflow valves.
  • the displacement of the cylinder base reduces the volume of the compression space, which increases the pressure there.
  • the pressure in the compression space counteracting the drive movement is already in one early phase of the switching movement so large that the switching movement is undesirably slowed down.
  • the present invention has for its object to improve the switching capacity in a circuit breaker of the type mentioned by structurally simple measures in the design of a variable in terms of volume boiler room, without causing an additional load on the switch drive.
  • the object is achieved in that at least one element of a boundary wall of the heating chamber which is not adjacent to the compression space can be displaced by the quenching gas pressure against a restoring force.
  • the heating volume is increased in the case of high-current arcs, so that on the one hand more hot quenching gas can be stored in the boiler room, and on the other hand the temperature of the larger quenching gas available heated extinguishing gas does not rise as much as with a smaller available extinguishing gas volume.
  • cooler quenching gas is then available when the current passes through zero for blowing the arc than would be the case with a smaller heating volume.
  • the boiler room is not or not very displaced by the extinguishing gas pressure, so that in this case a smaller boiler room volume comes into play.
  • This smaller boiler room volume can then also be filled with expanded extinguishing gas by a low-current arc to such an extent that a corresponding extinguishing gas pressure arises, which effectively supports the extinguishing of the arc at zero current.
  • the invention makes it possible to provide a larger heating volume that is adapted with increasing current strength for each switching requirement, without the quenching gas compression mechanism being affected thereby.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the element is formed by a piston which is displaceable in a hollow cylinder.
  • the cylinder is installed in the outer wall of the boiler room, for example, or it is located within the heating volume.
  • the piston in the event that the extinguishing gas pressure is sufficiently high, the piston can be moved into the cylinder and the volume available for the hot extinguishing gas can thereby be increased.
  • the hollow cylinder can be closed or connected to the expansion volume of the circuit breaker.
  • the construction is particularly simple in terms of construction if the hollow cylinder and the piston are designed as ring cylinder and ring pistons coaxially surrounding the switching contact pieces.
  • the high-voltage circuit breaker with its boiler room, the compression room and the device to expand the boiler room essentially cylindrical symmetrical.
  • the ring cylinder can, for example, be firmly connected to the compression device, but a movement of the piston in the ring cylinder does not result in a change in the compression volume. In this case, the ring cylinder and the piston are moved together with the compression device during the switching movement.
  • the invention can also be advantageously designed in that the hollow cylinder is connected to an expansion volume of the circuit breaker by means of a channel.
  • the piston can be moved in the cylinder without a corresponding counterpressure against the movement of the piston being built up by a gas possibly located in the hollow cylinder. Rather, the gas in the hollow cylinder can be pushed into the expansion volume by the piston. The restoring force for the piston must then be provided by suitable mechanical means.
  • Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the element is formed by the bottom of a bellows.
  • the bellows is compressed when the extinguishing gas pressure is increased and the heating gas volume is increased by this effect. After lowering the extinguishing gas pressure, the bellows relaxes and increases, so that a smaller boiler room is again available for lower switching currents.
  • the element is displaceable against the force of a spring.
  • This spring then provides the restoring force for the displaceable element and, via the spring constant of the spring, it can be predetermined how the volume of the heating chamber changes as a function of the extinguishing gas pressure prevailing in it.
  • a metal coil spring is used.
  • the invention can also be advantageously designed in that the characteristic of the spring is non-linear.
  • the spring is formed from two parts arranged one behind the other, which have different spring characteristics.
  • the spring can then advantageously also be made progressively non-linear.
  • the hollow cylinder can advantageously be substantially surrounded by the boiler room.
  • the heating chamber can advantageously have an overflow valve to limit the extinguishing gas pressure.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically the structure of a circuit breaker according to the invention in a longitudinal section.
  • the electrical circuit breaker has two switching contact pieces 1, 2, which are designed as arcing contact pieces and are coaxially surrounded by continuous current contact pieces 3, 4.
  • the first switch contact 1 is designed to be stationary, while the second switch contact 2 is designed to be drivable by means of a switch drive (not shown).
  • An insulating material nozzle 5, 6 is firmly connected to the second switching contact piece 2.
  • the second switching contact piece 2 which is designed as a tulip contact, surrounds the first switching contact piece 1, which is designed as a pin-shaped contact.
  • the second switching contact piece 2 is removed from the first switching contact piece 1, an arc being drawn between them.
  • the switching arc heats the quenching gas, typically SF6, located in the area of the switching path, so that the quenching gas pressure rises in this area.
  • further gases may be released from the material of the switch contact pieces or the nozzle 5, 6.
  • the area of the isolating section 7 is connected via a channel 8 to a boiler room 9, in which heated extinguishing gas is stored during the switching process.
  • a compression space 10 is provided, which is only shown in part and in which extinguishing gas is compressed by the compression piston 11 connected to the switch drive in the course of the switching movement.
  • the compression space 10 is connected to the heating space 9 via a channel 12 and a flap valve 13 is provided which prevents the overflow of high-pressure extinguishing gas from the heating space into the compression space 10, but on the other hand prevents compressed extinguishing gas from flowing out of the compression space 10 allowed through the heating chamber 9 to the isolating section 7 if the quenching gas pressure in the heating chamber 9 is not sufficient for effective blowing of the arc and is below the quenching gas pressure in the compression chamber 10.
  • the heating chamber 9 is delimited on one side by the movable piston 14, which is displaceable as a displaceable element against the restoring force of a spring 15 within the cylinder 16.
  • the piston 14 is slidably guided gas-tight through a sealing ring 19 in the cylinder 16.
  • the channel 18 is formed by a tube 20, which also serves as a spring guide for the spring 15.
  • a relief valve 21 is provided to limit the extinguishing gas pressure which arises in the heating chamber 9 at very high currents.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

The electric h.v. circuit-breaker has two switch contact parts (1, 2) arranged coaxially to each other. It also has a mechanical compression device (10, 11) for a quenching gas. This is connected to the switch drive. The device also includes a compression chamber (10) and a heating chamber (9) which is elastically expanded by the quenching gas pressure. The heating chamber (9) has at least one element (14) on a bounding wall of the heating chamber (9) which does not bound the compression chamber (10). This element (14) is pushed against a return force by the gas pressure. The element (14) is preferably in the form of a piston movable inside a cylinder (16).

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen elektrischen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit zwei koaxial zueinander angeordneten Schaltkontaktstücken und mit einer mechanischem Kompressionsvorrichtung für ein Löschgas, die mit dem Antrieb des Schalters verbunden ist, sowie mit einem Kompressionsraum und einem Heizraum, der durch den Löschgasdruck elastisch aufweitbar ist.The invention relates to an electrical high-voltage circuit breaker with two switch contacts arranged coaxially to one another and with a mechanical compression device for an extinguishing gas, which is connected to the drive of the switch, and with a compression space and a heating space which can be elastically expanded by the extinguishing gas pressure.

Ein derartiger Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter ist beispielsweise aus der EP-0 296 363 A2 bekannt. Bei dem bekannten Schalter handelt es sich um einen Isolierstoffdüsenschalter mit zwei einander koaxial gegenüberstehenden Schaltkontaktstücken sowie einem diese koaxial umgebenden Heizraum und einem Kompressionsraum.Such a high-voltage circuit breaker is known, for example, from EP-0 296 363 A2. The known switch is an insulating nozzle switch with two switch contact pieces which are located coaxially opposite one another, as well as a heating space and a compression space surrounding them coaxially.

Heiz- und Kompressionsraum sind durch einen beweglichen Zylinderboden mit Überströmventilen voneinander getrennt.The heating and compression rooms are separated from each other by a movable cylinder base with overflow valves.

Bei hohen zu schaltenden Stromstärken entsteht ein starker Lichtbogen, der das Löschgas im Heizraum stark aufheizt und somit den Löschgasdruck in diesem Bereich erhöht. Durch den hohen Löschgasdruck kann gemäß dem Stand der Technik der Zwischenboden gegen die Kraft einer Feder in Richtung zum Kompressionsvolumen gedrückt werden, wodurch das Volumen des Heizraums sich vergrößert.At high currents to be switched, a strong arc arises, which heats up the extinguishing gas in the boiler room and thus increases the extinguishing gas pressure in this area. Due to the high extinguishing gas pressure, according to the prior art, the intermediate floor can be pressed against the force of a spring in the direction of the compression volume, which increases the volume of the boiler room.

Gleichzeitig wird durch die Verschiebung des Zylinderbodens das Volumen des Kompressionsraumes verkleinert, wodurch sich dort der Druck erhöht. Dadurch wird der der Antriebsbewegung entgegenwirkende Druck im Kompressionsraum schon in einer frühen Phase der Schaltbewegung so groß, daß die Schaltbewegung unerwünscht verlangsamt wird.At the same time, the displacement of the cylinder base reduces the volume of the compression space, which increases the pressure there. As a result, the pressure in the compression space counteracting the drive movement is already in one early phase of the switching movement so large that the switching movement is undesirably slowed down.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Leistungsschalter der eingangs genannten Art das Schaltvermögen durch konstruktiv einfache Maßnahmen bei der Gestaltung eines in bezug auf das Volumen veränderlichen Heizraums zu verbessern, ohne daß eine zusätzliche Belastung des Schalterantriebs entsteht.The present invention has for its object to improve the switching capacity in a circuit breaker of the type mentioned by structurally simple measures in the design of a variable in terms of volume boiler room, without causing an additional load on the switch drive.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß wenigstens ein Element einer nicht an den Kompressionsraum angrenzenden Begrenzungswand des Heizraums durch den Löschgasdruck gegen eine Rückstellkraft verschiebbar ist.The object is achieved in that at least one element of a boundary wall of the heating chamber which is not adjacent to the compression space can be displaced by the quenching gas pressure against a restoring force.

Dadurch, daß ein Teil einer Begrenzungswand des Heizraums durch den Löschgasdruck verschiebbar ist, wird im Falle stromstarker Lichtbögen das Heizvolumen vergrößert, so daß einerseits mehr heißes Löschgas in dem Heizraum gespeichert werden kann, andererseits bei dem größeren Volumen des zur Verfügung stehenden Löschgases die Temperatur des aufgeheizten Löschgases nicht so weit ansteigt, wie bei einem kleineren zur Verfügung stehenden Löschgasvolumen.The fact that part of a boundary wall of the boiler room is displaceable by the quenching gas pressure, the heating volume is increased in the case of high-current arcs, so that on the one hand more hot quenching gas can be stored in the boiler room, and on the other hand the temperature of the larger quenching gas available heated extinguishing gas does not rise as much as with a smaller available extinguishing gas volume.

Hierdurch steht dann beim Stromnulldurchgang zur Beblasung des Lichtbogens kühleres Löschgas zur Verfügung, als dies bei einem kleineren Heizvolumen der Fall wäre.As a result, cooler quenching gas is then available when the current passes through zero for blowing the arc than would be the case with a smaller heating volume.

Andererseits wird der Heizraum bei kleineren zu schaltenden Stromstärken und entsprechend leistungsschwächeren Lichtbögen durch den Löschgasdruck nicht oder nicht weit verschoben, so daß in diesem Fall ein kleineres Heizraumvolumen zum Tragen kommt. Dieses kleinere Heizraumvolumen kann dann auch von einem stromschwachen Lichtbogen soweit mit expandiertem Löschgas gefüllt werden, daß ein entsprechender Löschgasdruck entsteht, der die Löschung des Lichtbogens im Stromnulldurchgang effektiv unterstützt.On the other hand, with smaller currents to be switched and correspondingly less powerful arcs, the boiler room is not or not very displaced by the extinguishing gas pressure, so that in this case a smaller boiler room volume comes into play. This smaller boiler room volume can then also be filled with expanded extinguishing gas by a low-current arc to such an extent that a corresponding extinguishing gas pressure arises, which effectively supports the extinguishing of the arc at zero current.

Somit kann durch die Erfindung für jede Schaltanforderung ein mit steigender Stromstärke jeweils angepaßtes größeres Heizvolumen zur Verfügung gestellt werden, ohne daß der Löschgaskompressionsmechanismus davon berührt ist.Thus, the invention makes it possible to provide a larger heating volume that is adapted with increasing current strength for each switching requirement, without the quenching gas compression mechanism being affected thereby.

Die Aufweitung des Heizraums führt bei der Erfindung nicht zu einer gleichzeitigen Verringerung des Kompressionsvolumens, die dort mit einer zusätzlichen Kompression des Löschgases verbunden wäre.The expansion of the boiler room does not lead to a simultaneous reduction in the compression volume in the invention, which would be associated with an additional compression of the extinguishing gas there.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß das Element durch einen in einem Hohlzylinder verschiebbaren Kolben gebildet ist.An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the element is formed by a piston which is displaceable in a hollow cylinder.

Der Zylinder ist beispielsweise in die Außenwand des Heizraumes eingebaut oder er befindet sich innerhalb des Heizvolumens. Jedenfalls kann in dem Fall, daß der Löschgasdruck genügend groß ist, der Kolben in den Zylinder hinein verschoben und dadurch das für das heiße Löschgas zur Verfügung stehende Volumen vergrößert werden. Hierzu kann beispielsweise der Hohlzylinder geschlossen oder mit dem Expansionsvolumen des Leistungsschalters verbunden sein.The cylinder is installed in the outer wall of the boiler room, for example, or it is located within the heating volume. In any case, in the event that the extinguishing gas pressure is sufficiently high, the piston can be moved into the cylinder and the volume available for the hot extinguishing gas can thereby be increased. For this purpose, for example, the hollow cylinder can be closed or connected to the expansion volume of the circuit breaker.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn der Kolben gasdicht in dem Hohlzylinder gleitet.It is advantageous if the piston slides gas-tight in the hollow cylinder.

Konstruktiv besonders einfach ist die Ausgestaltung, wenn der Hohlzylinder und der Kolben als die Schaltkontaktstücke koaxial umgebender Ringzylinder- und Ringkolben ausgebildet sind.The construction is particularly simple in terms of construction if the hollow cylinder and the piston are designed as ring cylinder and ring pistons coaxially surrounding the switching contact pieces.

Bei dieser Konstruktion ist der Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit seinem Heizraum, dem Kompressionsraum und der Vorrichtung zur Aufweitung des Heizraumes im wesentlichen zylindersymmetrisch aufgebaut. Der Ringzylinder kann beispielsweise mit der Kompressionsvorrichtung fest verbunden sein, wobei jedoch eine Bewegung des Kolbens in dem Ringzylinder keine Veränderung des Kompressionsvolumens zur Folge hat. In diesem Fall werden der Ringzylinder und der Kolben während der Schaltbewegung mit der Kompressionvorrichtung zusammen bewegt.In this construction, the high-voltage circuit breaker with its boiler room, the compression room and the device to expand the boiler room essentially cylindrical symmetrical. The ring cylinder can, for example, be firmly connected to the compression device, but a movement of the piston in the ring cylinder does not result in a change in the compression volume. In this case, the ring cylinder and the piston are moved together with the compression device during the switching movement.

Die Erfindung kann außerdem vorteilhaft dadurch gestaltet werden, daß der Hohlzylinder mit einem Expansionsvolumen des Leistungsschalters mittels eines Kanals verbunden ist.The invention can also be advantageously designed in that the hollow cylinder is connected to an expansion volume of the circuit breaker by means of a channel.

Hierdurch ist gewährleistet, daß bei einem genügend hohen Löschgasdruck im Heizraum der Kolben in dem Zylinder bewegt werden kann, ohne daß durch ein eventuell in dem Hohlzylinder befindliches Gas ein entsprechender Gegendruck gegen die Bewegung des Kolbens aufgebaut wird. Das in dem Hohlzylinder befindliche Gas kann vielmehr durch den Kolben in das Expansionsvolumen hineingedrückt werden. Die Rückstellkraft für den Kolben muß dann durch geeignete mechanische Mittel bereitgestellt werden.This ensures that with a sufficiently high extinguishing gas pressure in the heating chamber, the piston can be moved in the cylinder without a corresponding counterpressure against the movement of the piston being built up by a gas possibly located in the hollow cylinder. Rather, the gas in the hollow cylinder can be pushed into the expansion volume by the piston. The restoring force for the piston must then be provided by suitable mechanical means.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß das Element durch den Boden eines Faltenbalgs gebildet ist.Another advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the element is formed by the bottom of a bellows.

In diesem Fall wird bei einer Erhöhung des Löschgasdrucks der Faltenbalg zusammengedrückt und durch diesen Effekt das Heizgasvolumen vergrößert. Nach Absenken des Löschgasdrucks entspannt und vergrößert sich der Faltenbalg, so daß für geringere Schaltstromstärken wieder ein verkleinerter Heizraum zur Verfügung steht.In this case, the bellows is compressed when the extinguishing gas pressure is increased and the heating gas volume is increased by this effect. After lowering the extinguishing gas pressure, the bellows relaxes and increases, so that a smaller boiler room is again available for lower switching currents.

Es kann als besonders vorteilhaft vorgesehen sein, daß das Element gegen die Kraft einer Feder verschiebbar ist.It can be particularly advantageous that the element is displaceable against the force of a spring.

Diese Feder liefert dann die Rückstellkraft für das verschiebbare Element und über die Federkonstante der Feder kann vorherbestimmt werden, wie sich das Volumen des Heizraumes in Abhängigkeit von dem in ihm herrschenden Löschgasdruck verändert. Es wird beispielsweise eine Schraubenfeder aus Metall verwendet.This spring then provides the restoring force for the displaceable element and, via the spring constant of the spring, it can be predetermined how the volume of the heating chamber changes as a function of the extinguishing gas pressure prevailing in it. For example, a metal coil spring is used.

Die Erfindung kann außerdem vorteilhaft dadurch gestaltet werden, daß die Charakteristik der Feder nichtlinear ist.The invention can also be advantageously designed in that the characteristic of the spring is non-linear.

Hierdurch kann das jeweils entsprechend gewünschte Verhalten des Schalters erzielt werden. Beispielsweise ist denkbar, daß die Feder aus zwei hintereinander angeordneten Teilen gebildet ist, die unterschiedliche Federcharakteristiken aufweisen. Die Feder kann dann vorteilhaft auch progressiv nichtlinear ausgebildet sein.In this way, the behavior of the switch that is desired in each case can be achieved. For example, it is conceivable that the spring is formed from two parts arranged one behind the other, which have different spring characteristics. The spring can then advantageously also be made progressively non-linear.

Der Hohlzylinder kann vorteilhaft im wesentlichen von dem Heizraum umgeben sein.The hollow cylinder can advantageously be substantially surrounded by the boiler room.

In diesem Fall ist er sehr platzsparend untergebracht, so daß ein den Leistungsschalter umgebendes Porzellangehäuse in kleiner Baugröße verwendet werden kann.In this case, it is accommodated in a very space-saving manner, so that a porcelain housing surrounding the circuit breaker can be used in a small size.

Für den Fall, daß bei sehr hohen Stromstärken überhöhte Löchgasdrucke in dem Heizraum auftreten, die nicht durch eine Aufweitung ausgeglichen werden können, kann vorteilhaft der Heizraum ein Überströmventil zur Begrenzung des Löschgasdrucks aufweisen.In the event that excessive perforation gas pressures occur in the heating chamber at very high current intensities, which cannot be compensated for by expansion, the heating chamber can advantageously have an overflow valve to limit the extinguishing gas pressure.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels in einer Zeichnung gezeigt und anschließend beschrieben.In the following, the invention is shown on the basis of an exemplary embodiment in a drawing and then described.

Hierbei zeigt die Figur schematisch den Aufbau eines erfindungsgemäßen Leistungsschalters in einem Längsschnitt.Here, the figure shows schematically the structure of a circuit breaker according to the invention in a longitudinal section.

Der elektrische Leistungsschalter weist zwei Schaltkontaktstücke 1, 2 auf, die als Lichtbogenkontaktstücke ausgebildet und von Dauerstromkontaktstücken 3, 4 koaxial umgeben sind. Das erste Schaltkontaktstück 1 ist feststehend ausgebildet, während das zweite Schaltkontaktstück 2 mittels eines nicht dargestellten Schalterantriebs antreibbar ausgebildet ist. Mit dem zweiten Schaltkontaktstück 2 ist eine Isolierstoffdüse 5, 6 fest verbunden.The electrical circuit breaker has two switching contact pieces 1, 2, which are designed as arcing contact pieces and are coaxially surrounded by continuous current contact pieces 3, 4. The first switch contact 1 is designed to be stationary, while the second switch contact 2 is designed to be drivable by means of a switch drive (not shown). An insulating material nozzle 5, 6 is firmly connected to the second switching contact piece 2.

In der Einschaltstellung umgibt das zweite Schaltkontaktstück 2, das als Tulpenkontakt ausgebildet ist, das erste Schaltkontaktstuck 1, welches als stiftförmiger Kontakt ausgebildet ist.In the switched-on position, the second switching contact piece 2, which is designed as a tulip contact, surrounds the first switching contact piece 1, which is designed as a pin-shaped contact.

Bei der Ausschaltbewegung wird das zweite Schaltkontaktstück 2 von dem ersten Schaltkontaktstück 1 entfernt, wobei ein Lichtbogen zwischen diesen gezogen wird.During the opening movement, the second switching contact piece 2 is removed from the first switching contact piece 1, an arc being drawn between them.

Der Schaltlichtbogen heizt das im Bereich der Schaltstrecke befindliche Löschgas, typischerweise SF₆, auf, so daß der Löschgasdruck in diesem Bereich ansteigt. Außerdem werden ggf. aus dem Material der Schaltkontaktstücke bzw. der Düse 5, 6 weitere Gase freigesetzt.The switching arc heats the quenching gas, typically SF₆, located in the area of the switching path, so that the quenching gas pressure rises in this area. In addition, further gases may be released from the material of the switch contact pieces or the nozzle 5, 6.

Der Bereich der Trennstrecke 7 ist über einen Kanal 8 mit einem Heizraum 9 verbunden, in dem während der Schaltvorgangs aufgeheiztes Löschgas gespeichert wird.The area of the isolating section 7 is connected via a channel 8 to a boiler room 9, in which heated extinguishing gas is stored during the switching process.

Während des Stromnulldurchgangs, wenn der Lichtbogen im Bereich der Trennstrecke 7 erlischt, strömt dann das unter hohem Druck stehende aufgeheizte Löschgas aus dem Heizraum 9 durch den Kanal 8 zurück in den Bereich der Trennstrecke 7, wo durch die Beblasung eine Rückzündung des Lichtbogens verhindert wird.During the zero current passage, when the arc extinguishes in the region of the isolating section 7, the heated extinguishing gas under high pressure then flows out of the heating chamber 9 through the duct 8 back into the area of the isolating section 7, where the arc prevents the arc from reigniting.

Außerdem ist ein Kompressionsraum 10 vorgesehen, der nur zum Teil dargestellt ist und in dem durch den mit dem Schalterantrieb verbundenen Kompressionskolben 11 im Zuge der Schaltbewegung Löschgas komprimiert wird. Der Kompressionsraum 10 ist über einen Kanal 12 mit dem Heizraum 9 verbunden und es ist ein Flatterventil 13 vorgesehen, das das Überströmen von unter hohem Druck stehenden Löschgas aus dem Heizraum in den Kompressionsraum 10 verhindert, aber andererseits ein Ausströmen von komprimiertem Löschgas aus dem Kompressionsraum 10 durch den Heizraum 9 zur Trennstrecke 7 erlaubt, wenn der Löschgasdruck im Heizraum 9 für eine effektive Beblasung des Lichtbogens nicht ausreicht und unterhalb des Löschgasdrucks im Kompressionsraum 10 liegt.In addition, a compression space 10 is provided, which is only shown in part and in which extinguishing gas is compressed by the compression piston 11 connected to the switch drive in the course of the switching movement. The compression space 10 is connected to the heating space 9 via a channel 12 and a flap valve 13 is provided which prevents the overflow of high-pressure extinguishing gas from the heating space into the compression space 10, but on the other hand prevents compressed extinguishing gas from flowing out of the compression space 10 allowed through the heating chamber 9 to the isolating section 7 if the quenching gas pressure in the heating chamber 9 is not sufficient for effective blowing of the arc and is below the quenching gas pressure in the compression chamber 10.

Der Heizraum 9 wird auf einer Seite von dem beweglichen Kolben 14 begrenzt, der als verschiebbares Element gegen die Rückstellkraft einer Feder 15 innerhalb des Zylinders 16 verschiebbar ist. Je höher der Druck im Heizraum 9 ist, um so weiter wird der Kolben 14 in den Zylinder 16 hineingeschoben, wodurch das Volumen des Heizraumes 9 vergrößert wird. In dem Hohlraum 17 des Zylinders 16 befindet sich SF₆-Gas, das jedoch durch einen Kanal 18 in das Expansionsvolumen des Schalters entweichen bzw. bei Bedarf in den Hohlraum 17 zurückströmen kann. Der Kolben 14 ist durch einen Dichtungsring 19 in dem Zylinder 16 gleitend gasdicht geführt.The heating chamber 9 is delimited on one side by the movable piston 14, which is displaceable as a displaceable element against the restoring force of a spring 15 within the cylinder 16. The higher the pressure in the heating chamber 9, the further the piston 14 is pushed into the cylinder 16, whereby the volume of the heating chamber 9 is increased. In the cavity 17 of the cylinder 16 there is SF₆ gas, which, however, can escape through a channel 18 into the expansion volume of the switch or flow back into the cavity 17 if required. The piston 14 is slidably guided gas-tight through a sealing ring 19 in the cylinder 16.

Im unteren Halbschnitt der Figur ist der Kolben in einer gegenüber dem oberen Kalbschnitt weiter zurückgeschobenen Position dargestellt.In the lower half section of the figure, the piston is shown in a position pushed back further than the upper calf section.

Der Kanal 18 ist durch ein Rohr 20 gebildet, das gleichzeitig als Federführung für die Feder 15 dient.The channel 18 is formed by a tube 20, which also serves as a spring guide for the spring 15.

Zur Begrenzung des in dem Heizraum 9 entstehenden Löschgasdrucks bei sehr hohen Stromstärken ist ein Entlastungsventil 21 vorgesehen.A relief valve 21 is provided to limit the extinguishing gas pressure which arises in the heating chamber 9 at very high currents.

Claims (10)

Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit zwei koaxial zueinander angeordneten Schaltkontaktstücken (1, 2) und mit einer mechanischem Kompressionsvorrichtung (10, 11) für ein Löschgas, die mit dem Antrieb des Schalters verbunden ist, sowie mit einem Kompressionsraum (10) und einem Heizraum (9), der durch den Löschgasdruck elastisch aufweitbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß wenigstens ein Element (14) einer nicht an den Kompressionsraum (10) angrenzenden Begrenzungswand des Heizraums (9) durch den Löschgasdruck gegen eine Rückstellkraft verschiebbar ist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker with two switching contact pieces (1, 2) arranged coaxially to one another and with a mechanical compression device (10, 11) for an extinguishing gas, which is connected to the drive of the switch, and with a compression chamber (10) and a heating chamber (9 ), which can be expanded elastically by the extinguishing gas pressure,
characterized,
that at least one element (14) of a boundary wall of the heating chamber (9) not adjoining the compression chamber (10) can be displaced by the extinguishing gas pressure against a restoring force. Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Element (14) durch einen in einem Hohlzylinder (16) verschiebbaren Kolben gebildet ist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the element (14) is formed by a piston displaceable in a hollow cylinder (16). Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Hohlzylinder (16) und der Kolben (14) als die Schaltkontaktstücke (1, 2) koaxial umgebender Ringzylinder und Ringkolben ausgebildet sind.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the hollow cylinder (16) and the piston (14) are designed as the switching contact pieces (1, 2) coaxially surrounding ring cylinder and ring piston. Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 2 oder 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Hohlzylinder (16) mit einem Expansionsvolumen des Leistungsschalters mittels eines Kanals (18) verbunden ist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 2 or 3,
characterized,
that the hollow cylinder (16) is connected to an expansion volume of the circuit breaker by means of a channel (18). Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Element (14) durch den Boden eines Faltenbalgs gebildet ist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the element (14) is formed by the bottom of a bellows. Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß das Element (14) gegen die Kraft einer Feder (15) verschiebbar ist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the element (14) is displaceable against the force of a spring (15). Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 6,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Charakteristik der Feder (15) nichtlinear ist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 6,
characterized,
that the characteristic of the spring (15) is non-linear. Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Charakteristik der Feder (15) progressiv nichtlinear ist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 7,
characterized,
that the characteristic of the spring (15) is progressively non-linear. Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Hohlzylinder (16) im wesentlichen von dem Heizraum (9) umgeben ist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 2,
characterized,
that the hollow cylinder (16) is essentially surrounded by the heating chamber (9). Elektrischer Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder einem der folgenden,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Heizraum ein Entlastungsventil (21) zur Begrenzung des Löschgasdrucks aufweist.Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker according to claim 1 or one of the following,
characterized,
that the boiler room has a relief valve (21) for limiting the extinguishing gas pressure.
EP95250062A 1994-04-06 1995-03-17 High-tension circuit-breaker with a heating chamber and a compression chamber. Withdrawn EP0676783A3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4412249 1994-04-06
DE19944412249 DE4412249A1 (en) 1994-04-06 1994-04-06 Electrical high-voltage circuit breaker with a boiler room and a compression room

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0676783A2 true EP0676783A2 (en) 1995-10-11
EP0676783A3 EP0676783A3 (en) 1997-09-10

Family

ID=6514986

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95250062A Withdrawn EP0676783A3 (en) 1994-04-06 1995-03-17 High-tension circuit-breaker with a heating chamber and a compression chamber.

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0676783A3 (en)
DE (1) DE4412249A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1863054A1 (en) * 2006-05-29 2007-12-05 ABB Technology AG A puffer circuit breaker with an overpressure valve
CN110838421A (en) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-25 平高集团有限公司 Circuit breaker and arc extinguish chamber thereof
CN110838420A (en) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-25 平高集团有限公司 Circuit breaker and arc extinguish chamber thereof

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DE10227414B3 (en) * 2002-06-14 2004-01-15 Siemens Ag High-voltage circuit breaker with a space for heated extinguishing gas
DE502006003878D1 (en) * 2006-04-05 2009-07-16 Abb Research Ltd Switching chamber of a high-voltage switch with a heating volume of variable size
ATE497633T1 (en) 2007-10-16 2011-02-15 Abb Research Ltd HIGH VOLTAGE GAS INSULATED CIRCUIT BREAKER WITH A RELIEF CHANNEL CONTROLLED BY AN OVERCURRENT VALVE
EP2791958B2 (en) 2011-12-13 2019-07-17 ABB Schweiz AG Circuit breaker with fluid injection
EP2791959B1 (en) 2011-12-13 2016-03-09 ABB Technology AG Circuit breaker with fluid injection

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US4242550A (en) * 1977-06-27 1980-12-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Circuit interrupter of the type producing a puff of arc extinguishing gas upon occurrence of an arc
EP0146671A1 (en) * 1983-11-15 1985-07-03 Sprecher Energie AG Compressed gas circuit breaker
EP0296363A2 (en) * 1987-06-24 1988-12-28 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Circuit breaker with selfproduced flow of extinguishing gas
DE3930550A1 (en) * 1989-09-13 1991-03-21 Licentia Gmbh Switching chamber for sulphur hexa:fluoride circuit breaker - has rated current contact in region of breaker axis, surrounded by power contact

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US4242550A (en) * 1977-06-27 1980-12-30 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Circuit interrupter of the type producing a puff of arc extinguishing gas upon occurrence of an arc
EP0146671A1 (en) * 1983-11-15 1985-07-03 Sprecher Energie AG Compressed gas circuit breaker
EP0296363A2 (en) * 1987-06-24 1988-12-28 Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbH Circuit breaker with selfproduced flow of extinguishing gas
DE3930550A1 (en) * 1989-09-13 1991-03-21 Licentia Gmbh Switching chamber for sulphur hexa:fluoride circuit breaker - has rated current contact in region of breaker axis, surrounded by power contact

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1863054A1 (en) * 2006-05-29 2007-12-05 ABB Technology AG A puffer circuit breaker with an overpressure valve
US7820933B2 (en) 2006-05-29 2010-10-26 Abb Technology Ag Puffer circuit breaker with an overpressure valve
CN110838421A (en) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-25 平高集团有限公司 Circuit breaker and arc extinguish chamber thereof
CN110838420A (en) * 2018-08-15 2020-02-25 平高集团有限公司 Circuit breaker and arc extinguish chamber thereof
CN110838421B (en) * 2018-08-15 2022-03-29 平高集团有限公司 Circuit breaker and arc extinguish chamber thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4412249A1 (en) 1995-10-12
EP0676783A3 (en) 1997-09-10

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