EP0675336A1 - Projectile, in particular non lethal bullet - Google Patents

Projectile, in particular non lethal bullet Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0675336A1
EP0675336A1 EP95400677A EP95400677A EP0675336A1 EP 0675336 A1 EP0675336 A1 EP 0675336A1 EP 95400677 A EP95400677 A EP 95400677A EP 95400677 A EP95400677 A EP 95400677A EP 0675336 A1 EP0675336 A1 EP 0675336A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
product
housing
skirt
impact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95400677A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0675336B1 (en
Inventor
Raymond Tougeron
Daniel Casenave
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Etienne LaCroix Tous Artifices SA
Original Assignee
Ruggieri SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruggieri SA filed Critical Ruggieri SA
Publication of EP0675336A1 publication Critical patent/EP0675336A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0675336B1 publication Critical patent/EP0675336B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/40—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information of target-marking, i.e. impact-indicating type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a projectile, in particular a bullet, intended to put an opponent out of action without major risk of fatal injury.
  • Such projectiles are used by the police to put an end to unrest on the public highway during agitated demonstrations or riots.
  • projectiles intended to be used in front of demonstrators are also known.
  • projectiles which, fired towards the crowd but towards the sky, release suffocating or irritating gases, causing the dispersal of the demonstrators.
  • the impact-induced effect is not always sufficient to stop the attacker, especially if he has a protective shield.
  • Projectiles releasing gases have the disadvantage of releasing their substance in a very large space, due to the nature of the shooting and therefore of inconvenience a large number of people being on the premises among which sometimes include people not involved in the disturbances, or even the police when they regain possession of the ground previously occupied by the demonstrators at the time of the shooting and whose air is heavily loaded with gases.
  • the present invention therefore aims to combine in a single projectile the interests of the two types of projectiles mentioned above by eliminating the undesirable effect due to the excessive dispersion of gases.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a projectile or bullet characterized in that it comprises a body comprising a receiving housing containing an active fluid on a living or non-living target and means allowing the release of this fluid during the impact of the projectile on its target, the body of the projectile comprising a propulsion motor as well as, along its length, a portion of smaller diameter followed by a shoulder forming a braking plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the projectile.
  • FIG 1 there is shown a self-propelling projectile according to the invention comprising a body 1, formed by a nose 2 with a rounded tip, extended by a cylindrical skirt 3, itself connected to a base 4 carrying a motor 5
  • the cylindrical skirt 3 and the base 4 are two separate pieces fitted one on the other, but it is also conceivable that the cylindrical skirt 3 came integrally with the base 4.
  • the skirt 3 defines a housing 6 between the nose 2 and the base 4. In this housing 6 there is a capsule 7 containing an irritant liquid 8.
  • the thickness of the walls of the capsule 7 is sufficiently small to allow rapid rupture of the walls as soon as the irritant liquid 8 is subjected to a significant pressure, thus causing its release.
  • the nose 2 has a portion in the form of a warhead 9 made of a material capable of absorbing, by deforming, part of the impact energy (rubber for example).
  • This warp-shaped part is completed by a solid cylindrical element 10 made of rigid plastic material bonded to its flat base.
  • the base 4 of generally cylindrical shape has a guide wall 11 allowing it to fit into the skirt 3 to thereby form a compact assembly which, with the nose 2, forms the body 1 of the ball.
  • the base 4 On its rear face, the base 4 includes a central well 12 in which the motor 5 is housed.
  • the base 4 is made by plastic molding and has recessed parts 13 in order to reduce the total mass.
  • the motor 5 has a conventional constitution for self-propelled projectiles. It consists of a cylindrical body 14 and a nozzle 15, both made of metal.
  • the cylindrical body of the engine can also be constituted by the walls of an axial bore made in the base 4.
  • the nozzle is crimped, glued or machined on the body 14.
  • the nozzle 15 has at its center, flush with the rear face of the base 4, a primer 16 with percussion or electric depending on the type of launcher used.
  • the cylindrical body 14 of the motor 5 thus formed contains a propellant powder 17 connected to the primer 16 by conventional suitable means.
  • a volume compensation piece 18 is added to the engine according to the quantity of powder required.
  • the number, the inclination and the diameter of the holes of the nozzle 15, the mass and the nature of the powder, as well as the size of the compensation piece 18 are adapted according to the desired characteristics of the projectile.
  • Such a projectile is intended to be fired from an individual weapon comprising a barrel adapted to the caliber of the projectile and a device for firing the primer.
  • a projectile according to the invention does not have a shell and therefore leaves no element in the weapon after being fired.
  • skirt 3 of the previously described projectile made of a plastic material comprises, along generators, breaking initiators 19 leading to a single end 20 of the skirt. Once the projectile has been assembled, these rupture primers are opposite the housing 6 containing the liquid 8. The part 21 of the skirt devoid of rupture primers is intended to receive the base 4.
  • the cylindrical element 10 then compresses the fluid 8 contained in the capsule 7 against the base 4, causing the rupture of the walls of the capsule and therefore the release of the fluid contained therein.
  • FIG. 3 a projectile of the same type as that of FIG. 1 is shown schematically and differing from it only by its base 4.
  • the cylindrical base 4 has a portion 30 cylindrical of smaller diameter. This portion 30 is extended on one side by a flared portion of increasing diameter 31 towards the front and is limited towards the rear by a stabilization braking plane 32.
  • the rear of the base extending beyond of the braking plane 32 comprises a chamfer 33.
  • This particular structure is adapted to ensure braking of the ball, the latter offering the air means resistant to advancement. Furthermore, the braking plane 32 ensures the stabilization of the ball.
  • the skirt 40 has come in one piece with the warp-shaped part 41 of the nose 2, thus forming a warhead 42 made of a deformable material (rubber for example) and forming with the base 4 engaged in the skirt 40, as seen in Figure 4, a housing 43 containing the irritant liquid.
  • the skirt 50 made in one piece with the rib-shaped part 41 of the nose 2 comprises a portion 51 in the form of a compressible bellows. This bellows is intended to absorb part of the energy during the impact.
  • This portion 51 in the form of a compressible bellows defines with the base engaged in the skirt (not shown) the housing for the fluid which is therefore opposite said bellows.
  • FIG. 6 shows a projectile according to another embodiment of the invention.
  • a tube 59 of the same axis as the base 4 and the skirt 3 extends from the base 4 in the housing 6 intended to contain the fluid.
  • a circular groove 60 is arranged on the base 4 to allow the tube to be embedded in the base. Glue can be added during assembly to ensure the seal between the tube and the base.
  • the housing 6 intended to contain the fluid has a toroidal shape and contains a spongy material 61 intended to contain the irritant liquid.
  • a nose 62 forming a plug, has a hemispherical projecting end. It is provided with an axial piston 63 engaged in the tube 59.
  • Guide means 64 integrally formed with the nose 62 allow the nose to penetrate the skirt 3 along the main axis of the projectile during an impact.
  • the guide means 64 comprise a cylindrical part cooperating with the end of the skirt 3 and have, in the vicinity of the hemispherical part of the nose, a flared portion 65 whose maximum diameter is greater than the inside diameter of the skirt 3. During the impact, the nose forming a plug enters the skirt 3 and the flared part 65 of the nose promotes the bursting of this skirt.
  • the piston 63 enters the tube 60 which, subjected to the overpressure of the air it contains, bursts, thus promoting the dispersion of the fluid 8 contained in the capsule 7 through the skirt 3, itself torn according to its breaking points.
  • the fluid can also be placed directly in the housing 6 delimited by the skirt 3, the nose 2 and the base 4.
  • the propulsion engine always remains integral with the projectile. Therefore, this type of projectile leaves no element in the launcher such as a shell. It can be fired from a launcher of very simple design, easy to use, very handy and not requiring the use of rifle type riot for example, with magazine and ejector of casing.
  • the propulsion motor can be of the self-propelled type, this gives the projectile a speed increasing over part of its trajectory.
  • the projectile thus reaches its full effectiveness at a determined firing distance. In the first part of the trajectory, the effect is therefore attenuated, which gives it security at the start of the trajectory.
  • the propulsion engine can be of the impulse type; this gives the projectile a determined initial speed which is then almost constant.
  • the projectile thus has the same efficiency and the same safety over its entire useful trajectory.
  • the projectile can be used on a living target, but also on a fixed or mobile non-living target, in particular when the fluid contained in the projectile is a marking fluid.
  • the fluid can be replaced by any type of product, a powder for example.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

The projectile, esp. a bullet, consists of a case (1) with an inner cavity (6) containing an active product (8) such as an irritant fluid, a powder or a dye, which is released on impact. It has a propellant element (5) and can have a recess shaped to form a braking surface lying perpendicular to the direction of the bullet's trajectory. The case can also have rupture lines so that it bursts more easily on impact to disperse the product inside. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne un projectile, notamment une balle, destinée à mettre hors de combat un adversaire sans risque majeur de blessure mortelle.The present invention relates to a projectile, in particular a bullet, intended to put an opponent out of action without major risk of fatal injury.

De tels projectiles sont utilisés par les forces de l'ordre pour faire cesser les troubles sur la voie publique lors de manifestations agitées ou d'émeutes.Such projectiles are used by the police to put an end to unrest on the public highway during agitated demonstrations or riots.

On connaît actuellement dans l'état de la technique des projectiles en caoutchouc ou matériaux équivalents qui sont destinés à être tirés en tir tendu sur des manifestants afin de les neutraliser. Les charges propulsives sont adaptées pour que l'impact du projectile sur le manifestant ne crée que des meurtrissures sans danger pour la vie de celui-ci.There are currently known in the state of the art rubber projectiles or equivalent materials which are intended to be fired on a range of demonstrators in order to neutralize them. The propellant charges are adapted so that the impact of the projectile on the demonstrator creates only bruises that are not dangerous to his life.

On connaît également d'autres types de projectiles destinés à être utilisés face à des manifestants. En particulier, des projectiles qui, tirés en direction de la foule mais vers le ciel, libèrent des gaz suffocants ou irritants, provoquant la dispersion des manifestants.Other types of projectiles intended to be used in front of demonstrators are also known. In particular, projectiles which, fired towards the crowd but towards the sky, release suffocating or irritating gases, causing the dispersal of the demonstrators.

Avec le premier type de projectile, l'effet induit par le choc n'est pas toujours suffisant pour stopper l'assaillant surtout s'il dispose d'un bouclier de protection.With the first type of projectile, the impact-induced effect is not always sufficient to stop the attacker, especially if he has a protective shield.

Les projectiles libèrant des gaz présentent eux l'inconvénient de libérer leur substance dans un espace très large, du fait de la nature du tir et donc d'incommoder un grand nombre de personnes se trouvant sur les lieux parmi lesquelles figurent parfois des personnes non impliquées dans les troubles, ou bien même les forces de l'ordre lorsqu'elles reprennent possession du terrain occupé précédemment par les manifestants au moment du tir et dont l'air est largement chargé des gaz.Projectiles releasing gases have the disadvantage of releasing their substance in a very large space, due to the nature of the shooting and therefore of inconvenience a large number of people being on the premises among which sometimes include people not involved in the disturbances, or even the police when they regain possession of the ground previously occupied by the demonstrators at the time of the shooting and whose air is heavily loaded with gases.

La présente invention a donc pour but de conjuguer en un même projectile les intérêts des deux types de projectiles précédemment évoqués en supprimant l'effet indésirable dû à la dispersion excessive des gaz.The present invention therefore aims to combine in a single projectile the interests of the two types of projectiles mentioned above by eliminating the undesirable effect due to the excessive dispersion of gases.

Elle vise donc à créer un projectile permettant de créer un effet d'impact lors du choc du projectile sur sa cible et un effet neutralisant par libération d'un fluide irritant au voisinage du point d'impact.It therefore aims to create a projectile making it possible to create an impact effect when the projectile hits its target and a neutralizing effect by releasing an irritant fluid in the vicinity of the point of impact.

L'invention a donc pour objet un projectile ou balle caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps comportant un logement de réception contenant un fluide actif sur une cible vivante ou non et des moyens permettant la libération de ce fluide lors de l'impact du projectile sur sa cible, le corps du projectile comportant un moteur de propulsion ainsi que, sur sa longueur, une portion de plus faible diamètre suivie d'un épaulement formant un plan de freinage perpendiculaire à la direction de déplacement du projectile.The subject of the invention is therefore a projectile or bullet characterized in that it comprises a body comprising a receiving housing containing an active fluid on a living or non-living target and means allowing the release of this fluid during the impact of the projectile on its target, the body of the projectile comprising a propulsion motor as well as, along its length, a portion of smaller diameter followed by a shoulder forming a braking plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the projectile.

Suivant d'autres caractéristiques :

  • le corps comporte des amorces de rupture facilitant son éclatement lors d'un impact pour permettre la libération du produit contenu dans le logement ;
  • les amorces de rupture sont constituées par des entailles pratiquées suivant des génératrices du corps ;
  • le corps comporte dans son nez des moyens d'absorption d'une partie de l'énergie lors du choc d'impact ;
  • le corps comprend une pièce massive déformable en forme générale d'ogive prolongée par une jupe délimitant le logement pour le produit et reliée à son tour à une embase ;
  • les amorces de rupture sont ménagées dans la jupe au moins en regard du logement de réception contenant le produit ;
  • la jupe du corps comporte au moins une partie en forme de soufflet compressible pour absorber une partie de l'énergie lors du choc d'impact ;
  • le nez du corps forme un bouchon évasé dont une partie fait saillie à l'extérieur de la jupe et dont une partie engagée dans la jupe amorce la rupture du corps lors de l'impact ;
  • le logement de réception contenant le produit comporte une capsule formant capacité contenant le produit ;
  • le logement de réception contenant le produit comporte un matériau spongieux apte à contenir du fluide ;
  • le nez du corps est réalisé en un matériau contondant comme du caoutchouc ;
  • le logement de réception contenant le produit comporte suivant son axe un tube solidaire de l'embase du projectile et fermé en regard de cette embase et le nez comporte un piston adapté pour coopérer avec le tube et provoquer l'éclatement de celui-ci par surpression de l'air emprisonné dans le tube lors de l'impact, facilitant ainsi la libération du produit contenu dans le logement ;
According to other characteristics:
  • the body comprises fracture primers facilitating its bursting upon impact to allow the release of the product contained in the housing;
  • the incipient fractures consist of notches made along generatrices of the body;
  • the body has in its nose means for absorbing part of the energy during the impact shock;
  • the body comprises a solid deformable part in the general shape of a warhead extended by a skirt delimiting the housing for the product and in turn connected to a base;
  • the breaking points are formed in the skirt at least opposite the receiving housing containing the product;
  • the body skirt has at least one part in the form of a compressible bellows for absorbing part of the energy during the impact shock;
  • the nose of the body forms a flared stopper, a part of which projects outside the skirt and a part of which engages in the skirt initiates the rupture of the body on impact;
  • the receiving housing containing the product comprises a capacity-forming capsule containing the product;
  • the receiving housing containing the product comprises a spongy material capable of containing fluid;
  • the nose of the body is made of a blunt material like rubber;
  • the receiving housing containing the product comprises along its axis a tube secured to the base of the projectile and closed opposite this base and the nose comprises a piston adapted to cooperate with the tube and cause the bursting thereof by overpressure air trapped in the tube upon impact, thus facilitating the release of the product contained in the housing;

L'invention sera mieux comprise et d'autres avantages apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe d'un projectile suivant l'invention.
  • la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de corps de projectile portant des amorces de rupture suivant l'invention ;
  • les figures 3, 4 et 6 sont des vues en coupe d'autres modes de réalisation du projectile suivant l'invention ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue en coupe d'un exemple de corps suivant l'invention portant un soufflet compressible.
The invention will be better understood and other advantages will appear on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a projectile according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of an example of a projectile body carrying initiators of rupture according to the invention;
  • Figures 3, 4 and 6 are sectional views of other embodiments of the projectile according to the invention;
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view of an exemplary body according to the invention carrying a compressible bellows.

Sur la figure 1, on a représenté un projectile autopropulseur suivant l'invention comprenant un corps 1, formé d'un nez 2 à pointe arrondie, prolongé d'une jupe 3 cylindrique, reliée elle-même à une embase 4 portant un moteur 5. Ici, la jupe cylindrique 3 et l'embase 4 sont deux pièces distinctes emboîtées l'une sur l'autre mais on peut également concevoir que la jupe cylindrique 3 soit venue de matière avec l'embase 4.In Figure 1, there is shown a self-propelling projectile according to the invention comprising a body 1, formed by a nose 2 with a rounded tip, extended by a cylindrical skirt 3, itself connected to a base 4 carrying a motor 5 Here, the cylindrical skirt 3 and the base 4 are two separate pieces fitted one on the other, but it is also conceivable that the cylindrical skirt 3 came integrally with the base 4.

La jupe 3 délimite un logement 6 compris entre le nez 2 et l'embase 4. Dans ce logement 6 se trouve une capsule 7 contenant un liquide irritant 8.The skirt 3 defines a housing 6 between the nose 2 and the base 4. In this housing 6 there is a capsule 7 containing an irritant liquid 8.

L'épaisseur des parois de la capsule 7 est suffisamment faible pour permettre la rupture rapide des parois dès que le liquide irritant 8 est soumis à une pression importante, provoquant ainsi sa libération.The thickness of the walls of the capsule 7 is sufficiently small to allow rapid rupture of the walls as soon as the irritant liquid 8 is subjected to a significant pressure, thus causing its release.

Le nez 2 présente une partie en forme d'ogive 9 réalisée en un matériau capable d'absorber en se déformant une partie de l'énergie de choc (caoutchouc par exemple). Cette partie en forme d'ogive est complétée par un élément cylindrique plein 10 en matière plastique rigide collé sur sa base plane.The nose 2 has a portion in the form of a warhead 9 made of a material capable of absorbing, by deforming, part of the impact energy (rubber for example). This warp-shaped part is completed by a solid cylindrical element 10 made of rigid plastic material bonded to its flat base.

L'embase 4 de forme générale cylindrique comporte une paroi de guidage 11 permettant son emboîtement dans la jupe 3 pour former ainsi un ensemble compact qui avec le nez 2 forme le corps 1 de la balle. Sur sa face arrière, l'embase 4 comporte un puits central 12 dans lequel est logé le moteur 5.The base 4 of generally cylindrical shape has a guide wall 11 allowing it to fit into the skirt 3 to thereby form a compact assembly which, with the nose 2, forms the body 1 of the ball. On its rear face, the base 4 includes a central well 12 in which the motor 5 is housed.

L'embase 4 est réalisée par moulage en matière plastique et présente des parties évidées 13 afin d'en diminuer la masse totale.The base 4 is made by plastic molding and has recessed parts 13 in order to reduce the total mass.

Le moteur 5 possède une constitution classique pour les projectiles autopropulsés. Il est constitué d'un corps cylindrique 14 et d'une tuyère 15, tous deux réalisés en métal.The motor 5 has a conventional constitution for self-propelled projectiles. It consists of a cylindrical body 14 and a nozzle 15, both made of metal.

Le corps cylindrique du moteur peut également être constitué par les parois d'un alésage axial pratiqué dans l'embase 4.The cylindrical body of the engine can also be constituted by the walls of an axial bore made in the base 4.

La tuyère est sertie, collée ou usinée sur le corps 14.The nozzle is crimped, glued or machined on the body 14.

La tuyère 15 comporte en son centre, affleurant la face arrière de l'embase 4, une amorce 16 à percussion ou électrique suivant le type de lanceur utilisé.The nozzle 15 has at its center, flush with the rear face of the base 4, a primer 16 with percussion or electric depending on the type of launcher used.

Le corps cylindrique 14 du moteur 5 ainsi formé contient une poudre propulsive 17 reliée à l'amorce 16 par des moyens appropriés classiques. Une pièce de compensation volumique 18 est ajoutée dans le moteur en fonction de la quantité de poudre nécessaire.The cylindrical body 14 of the motor 5 thus formed contains a propellant powder 17 connected to the primer 16 by conventional suitable means. A volume compensation piece 18 is added to the engine according to the quantity of powder required.

Le nombre, l'inclinaison et le diamètre des trous de la tuyère 15, la masse et la nature de la poudre, ainsi que la taille de la pièce de compensation 18 sont adaptés en fonction des caractéristiques désirées du projectile.The number, the inclination and the diameter of the holes of the nozzle 15, the mass and the nature of the powder, as well as the size of the compensation piece 18 are adapted according to the desired characteristics of the projectile.

Un tel projectile est destiné à être tiré à partir d'une arme individuelle comportant un canon adapté au calibre du projectile et un dispositif de mise à feu de l'amorce. Comme on le voit sur la figure 1, un tel projectile suivant l'invention ne comporte pas de douille et ne laisse donc aucun élément dans l'arme après avoir été tiré.Such a projectile is intended to be fired from an individual weapon comprising a barrel adapted to the caliber of the projectile and a device for firing the primer. As can be seen in FIG. 1, such a projectile according to the invention does not have a shell and therefore leaves no element in the weapon after being fired.

Sur la figure 2, on peut voir un mode de réalisation de la jupe 3 du projectile précédemment décrit. La jupe 3 constituée d'un matériau plastique comporte suivant des génératrices des amorces de rupture 19 débouchant sur une seule extrémité 20 de la jupe. Une fois le projectile assemblé, ces amorces de rupture sont en regard du logement 6 contenant le liquide 8. La partie 21 de la jupe dépourvue d'amorces de rupture est destinée à recevoir l'embase 4.In Figure 2, one can see an embodiment of the skirt 3 of the previously described projectile. The skirt 3 made of a plastic material comprises, along generators, breaking initiators 19 leading to a single end 20 of the skirt. Once the projectile has been assembled, these rupture primers are opposite the housing 6 containing the liquid 8. The part 21 of the skirt devoid of rupture primers is intended to receive the base 4.

Lors du choc d'un projectile tel que décrit, avec une cible, le nez 2 s'écrase contre la cible, absorbant par déformation une partie de l'énergie de la balle.During the impact of a projectile as described, with a target, the nose 2 crashes against the target, absorbing by deformation part of the energy of the bullet.

L'élément cylindrique 10 vient alors comprimer le fluide 8 contenu dans la capsule 7 contre l'embase 4, provoquant la rupture des parois de la capsule et donc la libération du fluide contenu dans celle-ci.The cylindrical element 10 then compresses the fluid 8 contained in the capsule 7 against the base 4, causing the rupture of the walls of the capsule and therefore the release of the fluid contained therein.

La jupe 3 sous l'effet du choc se déchire en tulipe suivant les amorces de rupture 19, afin de libérer vers l'extérieur le fluide 8 irritant contenu dans le logement 6.The skirt 3 under the effect of the shock tears into a tulip following the incipient fractures 19, in order to release towards the outside the irritant fluid 8 contained in the housing 6.

Sur la figure 3, on a représenté schématiquement un projectile de même type que celui de la figure 1 et ne différant de celui-ci que par son embase 4. En effet, sur la figure 3, l'embase cylindrique 4 comporte une portion 30 cylindrique de plus faible diamètre. Cette portion 30 est prolongée d'un côté par une portion évasée de diamètre croissant 31 vers l'avant et est limitée vers l'arrière par un plan de freinage de stabilisation 32. L'arrière de l'embase s'étendant au-delà du plan de freinage 32 comporte un chanfrein 33.In FIG. 3, a projectile of the same type as that of FIG. 1 is shown schematically and differing from it only by its base 4. In fact, in FIG. 3, the cylindrical base 4 has a portion 30 cylindrical of smaller diameter. This portion 30 is extended on one side by a flared portion of increasing diameter 31 towards the front and is limited towards the rear by a stabilization braking plane 32. The rear of the base extending beyond of the braking plane 32 comprises a chamfer 33.

Cette structure particulière est adaptée pour assurer un freinage de la balle, celle-ci offrant à l'air des moyens résistant à l'avancement. Par ailleurs, le plan de freinage 32 assure la stabilisation de la balle.This particular structure is adapted to ensure braking of the ball, the latter offering the air means resistant to advancement. Furthermore, the braking plane 32 ensures the stabilization of the ball.

On peut, en fonction des besoins, moduler les dimensions et les formes du profil extérieur du corps de la balle.We can, as needed, modulate the dimensions and shapes of the outer profile of the ball body.

Sur la figure 4, on peut voir un projectile semblable à celui décrit en référence à la figure 1, certains éléments n'ayant pas été représentés.In Figure 4, we can see a projectile similar to that described with reference to Figure 1, some elements have not been shown.

Sur cette figure, la jupe 40 est venue de matière avec la partie en forme d'ogive 41 du nez 2, formant ainsi une ogive 42 réalisée en un matériau déformable (caoutchouc par exemple) et forme avec l'embase 4 engagée dans la jupe 40, comme on le voit sur la figure 4, un logement 43 contenant le liquide irritant.In this figure, the skirt 40 has come in one piece with the warp-shaped part 41 of the nose 2, thus forming a warhead 42 made of a deformable material (rubber for example) and forming with the base 4 engaged in the skirt 40, as seen in Figure 4, a housing 43 containing the irritant liquid.

Suivant un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, représenté sur la figure 5, la jupe 50 venue de matière avec la partie en forme d'ogive 41 du nez 2 comprend une portion 51 en forme de soufflet compressible. Ce soufflet est destiné à absorber une partie de l'énergie lors du choc.According to another embodiment of the invention, shown in FIG. 5, the skirt 50 made in one piece with the rib-shaped part 41 of the nose 2 comprises a portion 51 in the form of a compressible bellows. This bellows is intended to absorb part of the energy during the impact.

Cette portion 51 en forme de soufflet compressible définit avec l'embase engagée dans la jupe (non représentée) le logement pour le fluide qui est donc en regard dudit soufflet.This portion 51 in the form of a compressible bellows defines with the base engaged in the skirt (not shown) the housing for the fluid which is therefore opposite said bellows.

Sur la figure 6, est représenté un projectile selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention. Un tube 59 de même axe que l'embase 4 et la jupe 3 s'étend depuis l'embase 4 dans le logement 6 destiné à contenir le fluide. Une gorge circulaire 60 est aménagée sur l'embase 4 pour permettre l'encastrement du tube dans l'embase. Une colle peut être ajoutée lors du montage pour assurer l'étanchéité entre le tube et l'embase.FIG. 6 shows a projectile according to another embodiment of the invention. A tube 59 of the same axis as the base 4 and the skirt 3 extends from the base 4 in the housing 6 intended to contain the fluid. A circular groove 60 is arranged on the base 4 to allow the tube to be embedded in the base. Glue can be added during assembly to ensure the seal between the tube and the base.

Dans ce cas, la logement 6 destiné à contenir le fluide a une forme toroïdale et contient un matériau spongieux 61 destiné à contenir le liquide irritant.In this case, the housing 6 intended to contain the fluid has a toroidal shape and contains a spongy material 61 intended to contain the irritant liquid.

Un nez 62, formant bouchon, présente une extrémité en saillie hémisphérique. Il est muni d'un piston axial 63 engagé dans le tube 59.A nose 62, forming a plug, has a hemispherical projecting end. It is provided with an axial piston 63 engaged in the tube 59.

Des moyens de guidage 64 venus de matière avec le nez 62 permettent au nez de pénétrer dans la jupe 3 suivant l'axe principal du projectile lors d'un choc.Guide means 64 integrally formed with the nose 62 allow the nose to penetrate the skirt 3 along the main axis of the projectile during an impact.

Les moyens de guidage 64 comportent une partie cylindrique coopérant avec l'extrémité de la jupe 3 et présentent au voisinage de la partie hémisphérique du nez une portion évasée 65 dont le diamètre maximum est supérieur au diamètre intérieur de la jupe 3. Lors du choc, le nez formant bouchon pénètre dans la jupe 3 et la partie évasée 65 du nez favorise l'éclatement de cette jupe.The guide means 64 comprise a cylindrical part cooperating with the end of the skirt 3 and have, in the vicinity of the hemispherical part of the nose, a flared portion 65 whose maximum diameter is greater than the inside diameter of the skirt 3. During the impact, the nose forming a plug enters the skirt 3 and the flared part 65 of the nose promotes the bursting of this skirt.

Lors du choc, le piston 63 pénètre dans le tube 60 qui, soumis à la surpression de l'air qu'il contient, éclate favorisant ainsi la dispersion du fluide 8 contenu dans la capsule 7 au travers de la jupe 3, elle-même déchirée suivant ses amorces de rupture.During the impact, the piston 63 enters the tube 60 which, subjected to the overpressure of the air it contains, bursts, thus promoting the dispersion of the fluid 8 contained in the capsule 7 through the skirt 3, itself torn according to its breaking points.

La description qui précède présente des projectiles dans lesquels on a placé un fluide irritant. Celui-ci peut bien sûr être remplacé par tout autre fluide par exemple un fluide marqueur.The foregoing description presents projectiles in which an irritant fluid has been placed. This can of course be replaced by any other fluid, for example a marker fluid.

Dans chacun des modes de réalisation décrits ci-dessus, on peut utiliser soit une capsule soit un corps spongieux pour contenir le fluide irritant 8.In each of the embodiments described above, it is possible to use either a capsule or a spongy body to contain the irritant fluid 8.

Le fluide peut également être placé directement dans le logement 6 délimité par la jupe 3, le nez 2 et l'embase 4.The fluid can also be placed directly in the housing 6 delimited by the skirt 3, the nose 2 and the base 4.

De même, on peut imaginer un projectile non autopropulsif suivant l'invention. Il suffit pour cela de supprimer le moteur de l'embase du projectile et de munir le projectile ainsi obtenu d'une douille contenant de la poudre et un moyen de mise à feu de cette poudre.Similarly, one can imagine a non-self-propelling projectile according to the invention. To do this, it suffices to remove the motor from the base of the projectile and to provide the projectile thus obtained with a cartridge case containing powder and a means for igniting this powder.

Cependant, le fait que le projectile porte le moteur de propulsion conduit à un certain nombre d'avantages.However, the fact that the projectile carries the propulsion engine leads to a number of advantages.

En particulier, le moteur de propulsion reste toujours solidaire du projectile. De ce fait, ce type de projectile ne laisse aucun élément dans le lanceur comme par exemple une douille. Il peut être tiré à partir d'un lanceur de conception très simple, facile d'utilisation, très maniable et ne nécessitant pas l'emploi de fusil de type anti-émeutes par exemple, avec chargeur et éjecteur de douille.In particular, the propulsion engine always remains integral with the projectile. Therefore, this type of projectile leaves no element in the launcher such as a shell. It can be fired from a launcher of very simple design, easy to use, very handy and not requiring the use of rifle type riot for example, with magazine and ejector of casing.

De plus, le moteur de propulsion peut être de type autopropulsé, ceci confère au projectile une vitesse croissante sur une partie de sa trajectoire. Le projectile atteint ainsi toute son efficacité à une distance de tir déterminée. Dans la première partie de la trajectoire, l'effet est donc atténué, ce qui lui confère une sécurité en début de trajectoire.In addition, the propulsion motor can be of the self-propelled type, this gives the projectile a speed increasing over part of its trajectory. The projectile thus reaches its full effectiveness at a determined firing distance. In the first part of the trajectory, the effect is therefore attenuated, which gives it security at the start of the trajectory.

Par ailleurs, le moteur de propulsion peut être de type impulsionnel ; ceci confère au projectile une vitesse initiale déterminée qui est ensuite quasi constante. Le projectile présente ainsi la même efficacité et la même sécurité sur l'ensemble de sa trajectoire utile.Furthermore, the propulsion engine can be of the impulse type; this gives the projectile a determined initial speed which is then almost constant. The projectile thus has the same efficiency and the same safety over its entire useful trajectory.

Le projectile peut être utilisé sur une cible vivante, mais également sur une cible non vivante fixe ou mobile, en particulier lorsque le fluide contenu dans le projectile est un fluide marqueur.The projectile can be used on a living target, but also on a fixed or mobile non-living target, in particular when the fluid contained in the projectile is a marking fluid.

Par ailleurs, le fluide peut être remplacé par tout type de produit, une poudre par exemple.Furthermore, the fluid can be replaced by any type of product, a powder for example.

Claims (12)

1.- Projectile, notamment balle, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un corps (1) comportant un logement (6) de réception contenant un produit actif (8) sur une cible vivante ou non et des moyens permettant la libération de ce produit lors de l'impact du projectile sur sa cible, le corps (1) du projectile comportant un moteur (5) de propulsion ainsi que, sur sa longueur, une portion de plus faible diamètre (30) suivie d'un épaulement formant un plan (32) de freinage perpendiculaire à la direction de déplacement du projectile. 1.- Projectile, in particular bullet, characterized in that it comprises a body (1) comprising a housing (6) for receiving containing an active product (8) on a live target or not and means allowing the release of this product during the impact of the projectile on its target, the body (1) of the projectile comprising a propulsion motor (5) as well as, along its length, a portion of smaller diameter (30) followed by a shoulder forming a plane (32) braking perpendicular to the direction of movement of the projectile. 2.- Projectile suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le corps comporte des amorces de rupture (19) facilitant son éclatement lors d'un impact pour permettre la libération du produit (8) contenu dans le logement (6). 2.- Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the body comprises fracture primers (19) facilitating its bursting upon impact to allow the release of the product (8) contained in the housing (6). 3.- Projectile suivant les revendications 1 et 2, caractérisé en ce que les amorces de rupture (19) sont constituées par des entailles pratiquées suivant des génératrices du corps. 3.- Projectile according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the fracture primers (19) consist of notches made along generatrices of the body. 4.- Projectile suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le corps comporte dans son nez (2) des moyens d'absorption d'une partie de l'énergie lors du choc d'impact. 4.- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the body comprises in its nose (2) means for absorbing part of the energy during the impact shock. 5.- Projectile suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le corps comprend une pièce massive déformable en forme générale d'ogive (9) prolongée par une jupe (3) délimitant le logement (6) pour le produit (8) et reliée à son tour à une embase (4). 5.- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the body comprises a solid deformable piece in the general shape of a warhead (9) extended by a skirt (3) delimiting the housing (6) for the product (8) and in turn connected to a base (4). 6.- Projectile suivant les revendications 2 ou 3 et 5, caractérisé en ce que les amorces de rupture (10) sont ménagées dans la jupe (3) au moins en regard du logement (6) de réception contenant le produit. 6.- Projectile according to claims 2 or 3 and 5, characterized in that the rupture initiators (10) are formed in the skirt (3) at least opposite the housing (6) for receiving the product. 7.- Projectile suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la jupe (3) du corps comporte au moins une partie (50) en forme de soufflet compressible pour absorber une partie de l'énergie lors du choc d'impact. 7.- Projectile according to claim 5, characterized in that the skirt (3) of the body comprises at at least one part (50) in the form of a compressible bellows for absorbing part of the energy during the impact shock. 8.- Projectile suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le nez (2) du corps forme un bouchon (62) évasé dont une partie fait saillie à l'extérieur de la jupe (3) et dont une partie engagée dans la jupe (3) amorce la rupture du corps lors de l'impact. 8.- Projectile according to claim 5, characterized in that the nose (2) of the body forms a plug (62) flared of which a part projects outside the skirt (3) and of which a part engaged in the skirt (3) initiates the rupture of the body upon impact. 9.- Projectile suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le logement (6) de réception contenant le produit (8) comporte une capsule (7) formant capacité contenant le produit. 9.- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the housing (6) for receiving the product (8) comprises a capsule (7) forming capacity containing the product. 10.- Projectile suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le logement de réception contenant le produit comporte un matériau spongieux apte à contenir du fluide. 10.- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the receiving housing containing the product comprises a spongy material capable of containing fluid. 11.- Projectile suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le nez (2) du corps (1) est réalisé en un matériau contondant comme du caoutchouc. 11.- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the nose (2) of the body (1) is made of a blunt material such as rubber. 12.- Projectile suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 11 et 5, caractérisé en ce que le logement (6) de réception contenant le produit (8) comporte suivant son axe un tube solidaire (60) de l'embase (4) du projectile et fermé en regard de cette embase et en ce que le nez (62) comporte un piston (63) adapté pour coopérer avec le tube (59) et provoquer l'éclatement de celui-ci par surpression de l'air emprisonné dans le tube lors de l'impact, facilitant ainsi la libération du produit (8) contenu dans le logement (6). 12.- Projectile according to one of claims 1 to 11 and 5, characterized in that the housing (6) for receiving the product (8) comprises along its axis a tube integral (60) of the base (4) of the projectile and closed opposite this base and in that the nose (62) comprises a piston (63) adapted to cooperate with the tube (59) and cause the latter to burst by overpressure of the air trapped in the tube upon impact, thus facilitating the release of the product (8) contained in the housing (6).
EP95400677A 1994-03-31 1995-03-27 Projectile, in particular non lethal bullet Expired - Lifetime EP0675336B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9403852 1994-03-31
FR9403852A FR2718229B1 (en) 1994-03-31 1994-03-31 Projectile, especially a non-lethal bullet.

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EP0675336A1 true EP0675336A1 (en) 1995-10-04
EP0675336B1 EP0675336B1 (en) 1999-09-15

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EP (1) EP0675336B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE184698T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2145950C (en)
DE (1) DE69512118T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2139157T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2718229B1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
DE69512118T2 (en) 2000-02-03
EP0675336B1 (en) 1999-09-15
ATE184698T1 (en) 1999-10-15
CA2145950A1 (en) 1995-10-01
DE69512118D1 (en) 1999-10-21
ES2139157T3 (en) 2000-02-01
FR2718229A1 (en) 1995-10-06
US5565649A (en) 1996-10-15
FR2718229B1 (en) 1996-06-21
CA2145950C (en) 2002-01-29

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