EP0675321B1 - Gasbrenner mit sehr niedrigen Stickstoffoxidemissionen - Google Patents

Gasbrenner mit sehr niedrigen Stickstoffoxidemissionen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0675321B1
EP0675321B1 EP95400662A EP95400662A EP0675321B1 EP 0675321 B1 EP0675321 B1 EP 0675321B1 EP 95400662 A EP95400662 A EP 95400662A EP 95400662 A EP95400662 A EP 95400662A EP 0675321 B1 EP0675321 B1 EP 0675321B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air supply
fuel
supply passage
injection
gas burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95400662A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0675321A1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Bury
Jean-Claude Gauthier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA filed Critical Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Publication of EP0675321A1 publication Critical patent/EP0675321A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0675321B1 publication Critical patent/EP0675321B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber the recirculation taking place in the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/20—Burner staging

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements in burners with gaseous fuel with very low emission of nitrogen oxide comprising means primary fuel gas injection systems located in the center of the burner and the means secondary injection devices, and intended to be mounted in a hole provided for this in the wall of an enclosure, such as the combustion chamber or hearth of a oven or boiler.
  • All these known devices require a brick or concrete ring refractory disposed around the orifice proper of the burner; moreover, for some, the secondary injection nozzles are located at the periphery and for all, they are arranged in channels dug in said brick block; otherwise, some of them are oriented to create a zone of turbulence and mixing inside the ring where the main flame is formed.
  • the existence of such a ring has drawbacks: it is fragile and risks being damaged by shocks; of plus, dust or pieces of refractories detached from the firebox wall can fall inside the ring which can become partially blocked, causing combustion deterioration requiring cleaning or replacement and therefore a shutdown of the furnace or boiler equipped with the burner.
  • the fuel injectors used in these different known devices are arranged at the periphery of the burner orifice or in channels drilled in the refractory ring; this provision does not allow a good cooling of these fuel injection means and can be the cause of their deterioration.
  • the burner is such that the said means are sufficiently removed secondary injection from each other so that each secondary flame is perfectly separated from adjacent flames.
  • fuel is injected by tertiary injection means located outside the air intake channel, around this one, and possibly each associated with its own air intake channel, and we injects primary, secondary and tertiary fuel gases, relative to the means flame stabilizer so that they do not create a vortex effect or in the air of combustion, nor in the injection of gas.
  • the combustion zone is completely external to the burner itself, which ensures a much longer lifespan of the components thereof; this increase in lifespan is also linked to the fact that all means of injection secondary are located inside the air intake channel, which allows their cooling.
  • the suction of smoke from recirculation produced in the hearth to reduce the presence of oxygen in the flames from these secondary power supplies is ensured in a safe and simple manner.
  • No device for recycling said smoke is located in the fireplace itself or in the combustion zone since they are all inside the burner whose body actually constitutes the combustion air supply channel.
  • the burner as shown in Figures 1 and 2 is a fuel burner gaseous comprising a tubular body the interior of which constitutes a supply channel for combustion air 2 from any power source 22 external to the burner proper, a flame stabilizer 6 constituted by a conical disc provided with ribs and radial slots and disposed in channel 2, towards its outlet orifice 13 by which said channel opens into the focus 3, primary injection means 4 of the fuel in the hearth 3 arranged in the central part of the air intake channel 2, and secondary means 7 for injecting said fuel, distributed peripherally around said primary means 4.
  • the primary injection means consist of several rods arranged around the axis 12 of the channel 12 and whose ends 21 are folded outwards and arranged under the slots of the flame stabilizer 6. These ends of the rods 4 are holes through which combustible gas can be injected into the fireplace, through the flame stabilizer slots 6.
  • the secondary fuel injection means 7 are constituted by feed rods each ending in a single nozzle 19 which opens out each in a conduit 9 for recirculating the fumes produced in the hearth 3.
  • all of these secondary injection means and conduits associated recirculation is located inside the air intake channel 2.
  • the flue gas recirculation conduits 9 open out in the hearth 3 along axes 16 parallel to the main axis 12 of the supply channel 2 by orifices 18.
  • the other ends of the smoke recirculation ducts are put in communication with the hearth 3 through orifices 14 drilled in the wall of the channel inlet 2 and opening at the outer periphery of the burner.
  • the flame stabilizer 6 is carried by a tube 25 arranged in the axis of the channel 2 and in which is housed an ignition torch 26; pilot burner or cane of liquid fuel injection could be housed in the tube 25 in place of the torch 26.
  • edges of the outlet orifices 18 of said flue gas recirculation conduits 9 are located in a plane perpendicular to the axis 12 of the burner, which also contains the edge from the outlet 13 of the channel 2, and slightly in front of the flame stabilizer 6; the flames produced by the combustion of the gaseous mixture leaving these conduits are are therefore located outside the burner proper, beyond the stabilizer flame 6, thus creating a combustion zone external to the burner.
  • the nozzles 19 of the secondary injection means 7 are arranged inside the smoke recirculation ducts 19, at the smoke extraction orifices 14, to create a natural entrainment effect of said fumes through these orifices by the fuel gas ejection speed.
  • the smoke recirculation ducts 9 form growths inside the channel 2 and are effectively cooled by the air which there circulates.
  • the secondary injection means 7-9 In order to obtain separate secondary flames with the objective of reducing the production of nitrogen oxides by staging the combustion, we rule out the secondary injection means 7-9 from each other sufficiently, depending on the diameter of the supply channel 2.
  • the following burner the invention may also include tertiary fuel injection means constituted by rods 10 outside the air supply channel 2, distributed around the burner, and passing peripherally through the wall 1 of the enclosure of the hearth 3; each rod injection 10 is associated with its own channel 15 for supplying combustion air from possibly from the same source of supply 22 of outside air, this surrounding channel the injection rod.
  • These tertiary gaseous fuel injection canes are located along axes 17 each determining a radial plane with the axis 12 of the channel inlet 2 and forming with this axis an angle between 0 to 40 ° in the two directions, that is to say in fact determine a cone of revolution around the axis of the burner 12.
  • the number of tertiary injection rods 10 can be equal to that of secondary injection pipes, as shown in Figure 2, where this number is six; it could be higher due to their arrangement on a larger circle diameter.
  • the end of the body of the burner protrudes from the wall 1 of the hearth enclosure 3.
  • the outlet orifice 13 ′ of the air intake channel 2 ′ is located in the plane of the wall 1 'of the enclosure of the hearth 3'. This wall is dug around the orifices 14 'of the conduits 9' to allow the extraction of smoke; this digging is in made by a circular groove 27 surrounding the end of the burner body.
  • the burner shown in Figure 3 still differs from that of Figures 1 and 2 by the fact that it comprises a single primary fuel injection pipe 4 ′ placed in the axis of the channel 2 'and terminated by a nozzle pierced with several spaced orifices peripherally.
  • the 4 'rod is housed in the tube 25' and the ignition torch 26 'is arranged eccentrically in channel 2 '.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff mit im Zentralbereich eines Zuführkanals (2) für Verbrennungsluft gelegenen ersten Mitteln (4) zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff, und mit rings um die ersten Mittel (4) verteilten zweiten Mitteln (7) zum Einspritzen des Brennstoffs, wobei die zweiten Mittel in Leitungen (9) zum Rezirkulieren von im Brennraum (3) entstandenen Verbrennungsrauchgasen (11) einmünden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Mittel (7) zum Einspritzen und die zugehörigen Leitungen (9) zum Rezirkulieren im Inneren des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft angeordnet sind, der den Rumpf des Brenners bildet, wobei die Leitungen (9) zum Rezirkulieren der Rauchgase mit einem ihrer Endbereiche (18), die sich entlang zur Achse (12) des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft parallelen Achsen (16) erstrekken, in den Brennraum (3) einmünden, und ihre anderen Endbereiche (14) durch die Wand des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft hindurch zum Brennraum (3) hin offen sind und in dessen äußere Peripherie einmünden, und wobei der Kanal hinter seiner Öffnung (13) einen Flammenstabilisator (6) umfaßt.
  2. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Mittel (7) zum Einspritzen von brennbarem Gas zwischen fünf und acht Einspritzrohre umfassen, die um die Achse des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft regelmäßig verteilt sind.
  3. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rumpf des Brenners zum Inneren des Brennraums (3) vorspringt und die Ansaugöffnungen (14) der Leitungen (9) zum Rezirkulieren der Rauchgase vor der Ebene der Wand (1) des Brennraums angeordnet sind.
  4. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auslaßöffnung (13') des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft in der Ebene der Wand (1') der Einfassung des Brennraums (3') liegt, wobei die Wand wenigstens um die Ansaugöffnungen (14') der Leitungen (9') zum Rezirkulieren der Rauchgase vertieft ist (bei 27).
  5. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Auslaßöffnungen (18) der Leitungen (9) zum Rezirkulieren der Rauchgase in einer Ebene senkrecht zur Achse (12) des Brenners, am Ende des Auslasses des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft angeordnet sind, und die Endbereiche (19) der zweiten Mittel (7) zum Einspritzen auf Höhe der Ansaugöffnungen (14) der Rauchgase angeordnet sind.
  6. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach einem der Anprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er dritte Mittel (10) zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff umfaßt, die peripherisch außerhalb des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft verteilt sind, und gegebenenfalls je einem eigenen Zuführkanal (15) für Verbrennungsluft zugeordnet sind.
  7. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die dritten Mittel (10) zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff entlang mit der Mittelachse (12) des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft je eine Ebene bestimmenden Achsen (17) angeordnet sind, und mit dieser Achse in den beiden Richtungen einen Winkel zwischen 0 und 40° bilden.
  8. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die ersten Mittel (4) zum Einspritzen von Gas durch Düsenrohre gebildet sind, deren Endbereiche (21) entlang einer zur hinteren Stirnfläche des Flammenstabilisators (6) ungefähr parallelen Richtung gebogen sind, und Düsen oder Löcher umfassen, die in diesen Stabilisator eingearbeiteten Öffnungen oder Schlitzen gegenüberliegen.
  9. Brenner für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zweiten Mittel zum Einspritzen voneinander ausreichend beabstandet sind, damit jede zweite Flamme vollkommen von den benachbarten Flammen getrennt ist.
  10. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners für gasförmigen Brennstoff mit ersten Mitteln (4) zum Einspritzen von Brennstoff in einen Brennraum (3) entlang der Achse (12) eines Zuführkanals (2) für Verbrennungsluft, und zweiten Mitteln (7) zum Einspritzen des Brennstoffs, die rings um die ersten Mittel verteilt sind und in Leitungen (9) zum Rezirkulieren der im Brennraum (3) entstandenen Verbrennungsrauchgase einmünden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß:
    man den gasförmigen Brennstoff durch die ersten (4) und zweiten Mittel (7) zum Einspritzen entlang zur Achse (12) des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft annähernd parallelen Achsen zu durch deren Auslaßöffnung (13) hin auf Höhe eines Flammenstabilisators (6) so einspritzt, daß man außerhalb des Kanals eine durch die Flammen der ersten Mittel (4) zum Einspritzen und denen der zweiten Mittel (7) zum Einspritzen gebildete Verbrennungszone erzeugt;
    man einen Teil der im Brennraum (3) entstandenen Verbrennungsrauchgase durch die Leitungen (9) abführt, die mit einem ihrer Endbereiche (14) an der äußeren Peripherie des Zuführkanals (2) für Luft durch dessen Wand hindurch und mit dem anderen ihrer Endbereiche in den Brennraum einmünden, wobei die Leitungen je einen Endbereich (19) eines der zweiten Mittel (7) zum Einspritzen umgeben.
  11. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man Brennstoff durch dritte Mittel (10) zum Einspritzen einspritzt, die außen am Zuführkanal (2) für Luft um diesen herum angeordnet und gegebenenfalls je einen eigenen Zuführkanal (15) für Luft zugeordnet sind.
  12. Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Brenners für gasförmigen Brennstoff nach einem der Ansprüche 10 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die ersten, zweiten und gegebenenfalls dritten brennbaren Gase in bezug auf den Flammenstabilisator (6) so einspritzt, daß sie weder in der Verbrennungsluft noch in der Einspritzung des Gases irgendeinen Turbulenzeffekt erzeugen.
EP95400662A 1994-03-29 1995-03-24 Gasbrenner mit sehr niedrigen Stickstoffoxidemissionen Expired - Lifetime EP0675321B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9404136 1994-03-29
FR9404136A FR2718222B1 (fr) 1994-03-29 1994-03-29 Perfectionnements de brûleurs à combustible gazeux à très faible émission d'oxyde d'azote.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0675321A1 EP0675321A1 (de) 1995-10-04
EP0675321B1 true EP0675321B1 (de) 1999-05-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95400662A Expired - Lifetime EP0675321B1 (de) 1994-03-29 1995-03-24 Gasbrenner mit sehr niedrigen Stickstoffoxidemissionen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5634785A (de)
EP (1) EP0675321B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2145347A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69509816T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2132551T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2718222B1 (de)

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DE19527083A1 (de) * 1995-07-25 1997-01-30 Lentjes Kraftwerkstechnik Verfahren und Brenner zur Verminderung der Bildung von NO¶x¶ bei der Verbrennung von Kohlenstaub
US5863193A (en) * 1997-04-03 1999-01-26 Atlantic Richfield Company Burner assembly
FR2766557B1 (fr) 1997-07-22 1999-10-22 Pillard Chauffage Bruleurs a combustible liquide et gazeux a faible emission d'oxydes d'azote
US5944503A (en) * 1998-05-20 1999-08-31 Selas Corporation Of America Low NOx floor burner, and heating method
US6062848A (en) * 1998-05-29 2000-05-16 Coen Company, Inc. Vibration-resistant low NOx burner
JP2002518656A (ja) * 1998-06-17 2002-06-25 ジョン ジンク カンパニー，エルエルシー 低ＮＯｘ及び低ＣＯバーナ並びにその作動方法
FR2782150B1 (fr) * 1998-08-07 2000-11-10 Pillard Chauffage Perfectionnements aux bruleurs a recirculation de fumees et a faible emission d'oxydes d'azote
FR2788838B1 (fr) * 1999-01-22 2001-06-08 Pillard Chauffage Procede de chauffage utilisant un bruleur a combustible liquide
FR2797321B1 (fr) 1999-08-04 2001-10-26 Pillard Chauffage Bruleurs a recirculation de fumees et a faible emission d'oxydes d'azote et rechauffeurs de gaz comportant de tels bruleurs
AU2001249639A1 (en) 2000-03-31 2001-10-15 Aqua-Chem Inc. Low pollution emission burner
US6616442B2 (en) * 2000-11-30 2003-09-09 John Zink Company, Llc Low NOx premix burner apparatus and methods
US6652265B2 (en) 2000-12-06 2003-11-25 North American Manufacturing Company Burner apparatus and method
US6773256B2 (en) * 2002-02-05 2004-08-10 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Ultra low NOx burner for process heating
US6929469B2 (en) * 2002-02-28 2005-08-16 North American Manufacturing Company Burner apparatus
US20070048679A1 (en) * 2003-01-29 2007-03-01 Joshi Mahendra L Fuel dilution for reducing NOx production
US6866503B2 (en) * 2003-01-29 2005-03-15 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Slotted injection nozzle and low NOx burner assembly
US20060275724A1 (en) * 2005-06-02 2006-12-07 Joshi Mahendra L Dynamic burner reconfiguration and combustion system for process heaters and boilers
FR2914398B1 (fr) * 2007-04-02 2009-12-18 Pillard Chauffage Bruleur a combustible gazeux
KR100921720B1 (ko) * 2008-03-04 2009-10-15 한국에너지기술연구원 고효율 자기축열식버너
US8007681B2 (en) * 2008-04-25 2011-08-30 Shell Oil Company Methods, compositions, and burner systems for reducing emissions of carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere
US10281140B2 (en) * 2014-07-15 2019-05-07 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Low NOx combustion method and apparatus
CN107726316A (zh) * 2017-11-15 2018-02-23 北京泷涛环境科技有限公司 一种燃料强化分级超低氮气体燃烧器
CN109539251A (zh) * 2018-12-14 2019-03-29 罗诺克兹（北京）能源设备技术有限公司 一种超低氮燃烧器

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US5238395A (en) * 1992-03-27 1993-08-24 John Zink Company Low nox gas burner apparatus and methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2132551T3 (es) 1999-08-16
CA2145347A1 (fr) 1995-09-30
DE69509816D1 (de) 1999-07-01
DE69509816T2 (de) 2000-01-27
EP0675321A1 (de) 1995-10-04
US5634785A (en) 1997-06-03
FR2718222B1 (fr) 1996-07-05
FR2718222A1 (fr) 1995-10-06

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