EP0674135B2 - Gasbrenner für Industrieöfen - Google Patents

Gasbrenner für Industrieöfen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0674135B2
EP0674135B2 EP95400603A EP95400603A EP0674135B2 EP 0674135 B2 EP0674135 B2 EP 0674135B2 EP 95400603 A EP95400603 A EP 95400603A EP 95400603 A EP95400603 A EP 95400603A EP 0674135 B2 EP0674135 B2 EP 0674135B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
holes
series
air
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95400603A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0674135B1 (de
EP0674135A1 (de
Inventor
Alain Usai
Serge Silvestrini
Jean-Claude Dieuloufet
Philippe Domini
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sollac SA
Original Assignee
Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
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Publication date
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Application filed by Sollac SA, Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC filed Critical Sollac SA
Publication of EP0674135A1 publication Critical patent/EP0674135A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0674135B1 publication Critical patent/EP0674135B1/de
Publication of EP0674135B2 publication Critical patent/EP0674135B2/de
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Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas burner, of the type used in industrial ovens, for example in furnaces for heating steel products, such as slab ovens, or heat treatment ovens, etc ...
  • burners are high power burners, of the order of 1000 to 6000 therms or more, supplied in particular in steel gas (mixed gas, coke oven gas ...) under low pressure ( ⁇ 1 bar).
  • burners of this type which generally have multiple channels fuel gas concentric and air, opening at the level of the burner nose, downstream from which combustion takes place.
  • burners with a central supply channel in combustible gas, surrounded by two annular channels concentric air supply we know also other burners, studied to improve the mixture of combustible and oxidizing gases, and therefore the combustion, in which the combustible gas reaches the burner nose through an annular channel located between a channel central and a peripheral annular canal, these two channels for the supply of combustion air.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to reduce the level of nitrogen oxide in the combustion gases, while ensuring good combustion and a good flame structure , and this despite the variations in power which may be necessary during the implementation of burners.
  • the invention has for object a gas burner, as described in claim 1.
  • the combination of the divergent flow of combustion gases and the swirling flow of combustion air leads, when these two flows meet near the burner nose, to a strong mixing of the gas and the air and therefore homogenization of the mixture and improved combustion.
  • the gas jets coming from the gas outlet orifices and directed towards the outside tend to widen the flame by giving it a flared, cup-shaped shape of small thickness, the high temperature zone of the flame being formed only by the wall of this cup.
  • the residence time of the combustion products in this high temperature zone is reduced, compared to a more concentrated flame which defines a high temperature zone in the form of a substantially cylindrical full volume, in which the combustion products combustion stay longer.
  • the burner nose comprises, at the center of the first series of gas passage orifices, a part protruding outwards from the burner , relative to the substantially planar front surface, perpendicular to the axis of the burner, where open the said first and second series of orifices.
  • This protruding part prevents the recirculation of the combustion products, which would disturb the gas outlet, to occur in the immediate vicinity of the gas orifices. On the other hand, it promotes this recirculation at a greater distance from the burner nose, which tends to rapidly remove the combustion products from the zone at high temperature, and therefore to further reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides formed. .
  • the burner 1 comprises a supply box 2 in combustible gas and air, formed of a channel central gas supply 3, oriented in the direction axial X of the burner, surrounded by a first annular channel 4 for air intake, and a second annular channel 5 device also supplied with air. These three channels coaxials are supplied with gas respectively and in air through respective supply conduits 6, 7, 8.
  • the burner 1 also includes a nose 10, also called a diffuser, generally made in one ceramic material.
  • the nose 10 consists of a plate 11 thick covering the axial ends of the different channels ensuring sealing between them, and which is inserted in a housing fitted out in the internal lining of the furnace 12, while being maintained there by fixing means, not shown, on the wall 13 from the oven.
  • the front of the burner nose has a flat front surface 17 into which the orifices 14 for the passage of gas and the orifices 15, and a peripheral annular part, 18 prominent relative to to the said front surface, on the surface of which open the holes 16.
  • the gas passage orifices 14 are inclined relative to the axial direction X of the burner, forming with it an angle ⁇ between 15 and 25 °.
  • the air passage openings 15 are made so that the axis of each hole is located in a plane parallel to the axial direction of the burner and tangent to circle C2, and inclined in this plane, by an angle ⁇ from 15 to 25 ° with respect to said axial direction (see figure 2).
  • the orifices 15 are therefore oriented in a helix, so that the air flow which escapes from it has a movement of rotation around the X axis of the burner.
  • the orifices 16 are inclined by an angle ⁇ between 0 ° and 10 ° from the axis and preferably about 5 °. A too steep angle leads in fact to a shortening flame such as, in some cases, elements or furnace components near the burner may undergo too high a temperature rise.
  • the burner nose has, in its part central, between the orifices 14, a frustoconical part 19 protruding from the front surface 17, the trunk of cone having its large base at the level of this frontal surface. Between the frusto-conical part 19 and the part protruding 18 is thus formed an annular groove 20 of trapezoidal section, into which open the gas passage orifices 14 and the orifices 15 of the first series of air passage orifices.
  • the orifices 14 for passage gases emerge at the front surface 17 in a angular position intermediate between the outlets of two adjacent air passage orifices 15 (FIG. 3).
  • the swirling air flow coming from the orifices 15 intersects the gas flow from the orifices 14 nearby direct from the front surface 17, thus creating a strong mixing of gas and air, and therefore a homogeneous mixture ensuring very good combustion.
  • the inclination of the passage openings 14 gas causes the air-gas mixture to tend to form a curtain in the form of a flared cup, in which the temperature due to combustion is maximum.
  • the central zone of this section in the axis of the burner, is relatively clear and allows downstream of the burner a recirculation of the combustion products which can quickly leave the hottest area, which, as mentioned above, is favorable for reducing the level of nitrogen oxide formed.
  • the orifices 16 for peripheral air passage have a chamfer on the side of the supply channel conical 21, with an angle at the apex close to 30 °, which widens the entrance to these holes and has the effect of reducing pressure losses in the circuit formed by the channel peripheral 5 and the said orifices, and therefore to increase, at constant pressure, the air outlet speed.
  • the distribution of the air flow rates in the annular 4 and peripheral 5 channels makes it possible to adjust the length of the flame as required. Indeed, for a given total air flow, for example 3900 Nm 3 / h, in the case of a burner supplying 3500 therms / hour, if this flow is distributed between the two channels 4 and 5 and therefore between the two series of orifices 15 and 16, for example 1900 Nm 3 / h for the peripheral air (passing through orifices 16) and 2000 Nm 3 / h for the central air (passing through orifices 15) the speeds at the outlet of these orifices are substantially equal, of the order of 95 m / s. Under these conditions, combustion will start, as indicated above, in the immediate vicinity of the nose 10, and a short flame will be obtained.
  • the speed air ejected through these orifices will be significant, for example of 170 m / s.
  • This high speed allows to train ambient combustion products (more cold) and thus create a natural recirculation on the periphery of the flame, which limits production NOx.
  • the combustion will occur further away from the nose of the burner, because the gas will not meet the peripheral air that relatively far from the burner, and secondly, it will continue away from the burner, due to the high speed air, thus forming a long flame.
  • an intermediate length flame can be obtained by adapting correctly the ratio of air flows between central air and air peripheral.
  • the central air flow will however be limited to no more than 50% of the total air flow to avoid a too short flame whose hot point is too close to the oven wall or the side members slab support.
  • the invention makes it possible to obtain very good combustion and low content nitrogen oxide from combustion products.
  • the air flows are improved, especially compared to conventional arrangements where air enters the channels in a radial direction and hits the walls facing the incoming pipe before dividing into the canals.
  • the finish side is determined to cause air rotation in channel 4 in the same direction that the rotation induced by the inclination of the orifices 15 of the burner nose.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Gasbrenner hoher Leistung, insbesondere für Industrieöfen, mit einem zentralen Kanal (3) zur Zufuhr von Brenngas, mit zwei konzentrischen ringförmigen Kanälen (4, 5) zur Zufuhr von Luft und mit einem Brennerkopf (10), welcher aufweist:
    eine erste Anzahl von Gasdurchlassöffnungen (14), die kreisförmig angeordnet sind und die mit dem zentralen Kanal (3) in Verbindung stehen,
    eine zweite Anzahl von Luftdurchlassöffnungen (15), die kreisförmig um die Gasdurchlassöffnungen herum angeordnet sind und die mit dem ersten (4) der beiden ringförmigen Kanäle in Verbindung stehen und
    eine dritte Anzahl von Luftdurchlassöffnungen (16), die kreisförmig angeordnet sind und die mit dem zweiten (5) der beiden ringförmigen Kanäle in Verbindung stehen, der am Umfang angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungen (14) der ersten Anzahl bezüglich der Axialrichtung (X) des Brennerkopfes geneigt sind und zum Äusseren des Brenners hin divergieren, um einen divergenten Gasstrom zu erzeugen, dass die Öffnungen (15) der zweiten Anzahl schraubenlinienförmig angeordnet sind, um einen wirbelförmigen Luftstrom zu erzeugen, der den Gasstrom schneidet und dass der Brenner eine Anordnung aufweist, um die Verteilung der Luft zwischen der zweiten Anzahl von Öffnungen (15) und der dritten Anzahl von Öffnungen (16) zu modulieren, wobei der Brennerkopf (10) in der Mitte der ersten Anzahl von Gasdurchlassöffnungen (14) einen in Richtung zur Aussenseite des Brenners bezüglich einer Vorderseite (17) des Kopfes hervorspringenden Abschnitt (19) aufweist, der im wesentlichen eben ist, senkrecht zur Brennerachse verläuft und in dem die Öffnungen der ersten und der zweiten Anzahl münden.
  2. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Neigungswinkel (α) der Gasdurchlassöffnungen (14) bezüglich der Brennerachse zwischen 15 und 25° liegt.
  3. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Neigungswinkel (β) der Luftdurchlassöffnungen (15) der zweiten Anzahl von Öffnungen bezüglich der Axialrichtung des Brenners zwischen 15 und 25° liegt.
  4. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Neigungswinkel (γ) der Luftdurchlassöffnungen (16) der dritten Anzahl von Öffnungen bezüglich der Axialrichtung des Brenners zwischen 0 und 10° liegt.
  5. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der hervorspringende Abschnitt (19) im wesentlichen kegelstumpfförmig ist, wobei die grosse Basis auf Höhe der Vorderseite (17) angeordnet ist.
  6. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich die winkelmässige Anordnung einer jeden Gasdurchlassöffnung (14) in der im wesentlichen ebenen Vorderseite (17) des Kopfes, die senkrecht zur Brennerachse verläuft und in der diese erste Anzahl Öffnungen mündet, zwischen den entsprechenden winkelmässigen Anordnungen der Ausslässe zweier benachbarter Öffnungen der zweiten Reihe von Öffnungen (15) befindet.
  7. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Öffnungen (16) der dritten Anzahl von Öffnungen an ihren zum Umfangskanal (5) hin gerichteten Enden eine konische Abschrägung (21) aufweisen.
  8. Brenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er Luftzufuhrleitungen (7, 8) aufweist, die tangential in den ringförmigen Kanälen. (4, 5) münden.
  9. Brenner nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftzufuhrleitung (7) für den ersten Kanal (4) in diesem Kanal in einer derartigen Richtung mündet, dass die durch ihren tangentialen Eintritt in diesen Kanal in Rotation versetzte Luft die gleiche Richtung aufweist wie die durch die schraubenlinienförmige Anordnung der Öffnungen (15) der zweiten Anzahl hervorgerufene Rotation.
  10. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er eine Anordnung aufweist, um Brenngase in die Brennluft einzuführen.
  11. Brenner nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er mit einer Anordnung zur teilweisen Rezirkulation der Verbrennungsabgase in die Brennluft versehen ist.
EP95400603A 1994-03-24 1995-03-20 Gasbrenner für Industrieöfen Expired - Lifetime EP0674135B2 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9403633 1994-03-24
FR9403633A FR2717884B1 (fr) 1994-03-24 1994-03-24 Brûleur à gaz pour fours industriels.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0674135A1 EP0674135A1 (de) 1995-09-27
EP0674135B1 EP0674135B1 (de) 1999-06-23
EP0674135B2 true EP0674135B2 (de) 2002-08-21

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ID=9461507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95400603A Expired - Lifetime EP0674135B2 (de) 1994-03-24 1995-03-20 Gasbrenner für Industrieöfen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0674135B2 (de)
AT (1) ATE181593T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69510395T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2132550T5 (de)
FR (1) FR2717884B1 (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6846175B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-01-25 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner employing flue-gas recirculation system
US6866502B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-03-15 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner system employing flue gas recirculation
US6869277B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-03-22 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner employing cooled flue gas recirculation
US6877980B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-04-12 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner with low NOx emissions
US6887068B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-03 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Centering plate for burner
US6890172B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-10 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner with flue gas recirculation
US6890171B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-10 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents, Inc. Apparatus for optimizing burner performance
US6893251B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-17 Exxon Mobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner design for reduced NOx emissions
US6893252B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-17 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Fuel spud for high temperature burners
US6986658B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2006-01-17 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents, Inc. Burner employing steam injection
US7025587B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2006-04-11 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner with high capacity venturi
US7322818B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2008-01-29 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Method for adjusting pre-mix burners to reduce NOx emissions
US7476099B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2009-01-13 Exxonmobil Chemicals Patents Inc. Removable light-off port plug for use in burners

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2741702B1 (fr) * 1995-11-23 1997-12-26 Lorraine Laminage Bruleur a gaz pour four de rechauffage de produits siderurgiques
GB2316161A (en) * 1996-08-05 1998-02-18 Boc Group Plc Oxygen-fuel swirl burner
AT408796B (de) * 1999-04-29 2002-03-25 Dumag Ohg Brenner
ITMI20020611A1 (it) 2002-03-22 2003-09-22 Danieli Off Mecc Bruciatore
FR2930626B1 (fr) * 2008-04-28 2010-05-21 Fives Pillard Bruleur a points peripheriques d'injection d'air a flux axial
CN102012024A (zh) * 2010-11-12 2011-04-13 新兴能源装备有限公司 一种活性石灰回转窑发生炉的煤气燃烧器
WO2013091634A1 (en) * 2011-12-23 2013-06-27 Flsmidth A/S A method and a burner for introducing fuel into a burning zone of a kiln
JP2015513060A (ja) * 2012-02-21 2015-04-30 ゼネラル・エレクトリック・カンパニイ 燃焼器ノズルおよび燃焼器に燃料を供給する方法
JP2018522200A (ja) * 2015-07-31 2018-08-09 ヌヴェラ・フュエル・セルズ，エルエルシー ＮＯｘ放出が低減されたバーナーアセンブリ
CN105588118B (zh) * 2016-03-09 2017-10-17 浙江尚鼎工业炉有限公司 一种燃气加热炉
CN106287705A (zh) * 2016-08-25 2017-01-04 郭玉 一种燃气喷枪
RU169821U1 (ru) * 2016-10-27 2017-04-03 Акционерное общество "ЕВРАЗ Объединенный Западно-Сибирский металлургический комбинат", АО "ЕВРАЗ ЗСМК" Многосопловая головка газокислородной горелки
EP3336428B1 (de) * 2016-12-15 2021-02-17 Fives Pillard Brenner mit niedrigen nox-emissionen
CN106765216A (zh) * 2017-02-27 2017-05-31 洛阳明远石化技术有限公司 燃烧器和尾气焚烧设备

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US3209811A (en) * 1963-03-28 1965-10-05 Loftus Engineering Corp Combination high velocity burner
US4728284A (en) * 1987-02-12 1988-03-01 Maxon Corporation Adjustable combustion rate air/fuel proportioned burner assembly
IT1235361B (it) * 1988-04-05 1992-06-30 Termo Tecnica Ceramica Spa Ugello di tipo misto aria e gas per bruciatori a gas, in particolare bruciatori aventi potenza termica piccola per forni di cottura

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Title
F. Schneider, "Betriebserfahrungen mit dem KHD PYRO-JET Brenner", KHD Symposium '90, Volume 1, "Moderne Rollenpressen-Technik", pp. 97-99, KHD Humboldt Wedag AG, Köln, 1991 †
H. Lederer: "Neuartiger Drehofenbrenner mit nur einer Primärluftzuführung", extrait de la revue "Zement-Kalk-Gips International", 46ème année (1993), pages 779-783, Bauverlag GmbH, Wiesbaden †

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6846175B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-01-25 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner employing flue-gas recirculation system
US6866502B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-03-15 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner system employing flue gas recirculation
US6869277B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-03-22 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner employing cooled flue gas recirculation
US6877980B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-04-12 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner with low NOx emissions
US6887068B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-03 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Centering plate for burner
US6890172B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-10 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner with flue gas recirculation
US6890171B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-10 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents, Inc. Apparatus for optimizing burner performance
US6893251B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-17 Exxon Mobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner design for reduced NOx emissions
US6893252B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-05-17 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Fuel spud for high temperature burners
US6902390B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2005-06-07 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents, Inc. Burner tip for pre-mix burners
US6986658B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2006-01-17 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents, Inc. Burner employing steam injection
US7025587B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2006-04-11 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Burner with high capacity venturi
US7322818B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2008-01-29 Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. Method for adjusting pre-mix burners to reduce NOx emissions
US7476099B2 (en) 2002-03-16 2009-01-13 Exxonmobil Chemicals Patents Inc. Removable light-off port plug for use in burners

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE181593T1 (de) 1999-07-15
FR2717884B1 (fr) 1996-06-07
ES2132550T3 (es) 1999-08-16
FR2717884A1 (fr) 1995-09-29
EP0674135B1 (de) 1999-06-23
ES2132550T5 (es) 2002-12-16
EP0674135A1 (de) 1995-09-27
DE69510395D1 (de) 1999-07-29
DE69510395T2 (de) 2000-01-13
DE69510395T3 (de) 2003-04-17

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