EP0089924B1 - Gasbrenner - Google Patents

Gasbrenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0089924B1
EP0089924B1 EP83810105A EP83810105A EP0089924B1 EP 0089924 B1 EP0089924 B1 EP 0089924B1 EP 83810105 A EP83810105 A EP 83810105A EP 83810105 A EP83810105 A EP 83810105A EP 0089924 B1 EP0089924 B1 EP 0089924B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
space
gas
grid
distribution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83810105A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0089924A1 (de
Inventor
Dominique Noir
Robert Faure-Vincent
Georges Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zanussi Climatizzazione SpA
Original Assignee
Zanussi Climatizzazione SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zanussi Climatizzazione SpA filed Critical Zanussi Climatizzazione SpA
Priority to AT83810105T priority Critical patent/ATE17032T1/de
Publication of EP0089924A1 publication Critical patent/EP0089924A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0089924B1 publication Critical patent/EP0089924B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/30—Inverted burners, e.g. for illumination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F23D14/36—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air in which the compressor and burner form a single unit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas burner comprising a premix enclosure having air and gas inlets connected respectively to a fan and to a source of pressurized gaseous fuel and an outlet opening into a distribution enclosure including a wall is formed by a distribution grid to communicate with a combustion zone.
  • a gas burner comprising a premix enclosure having air and gas inlets connected respectively to a fan and to a source of pressurized gaseous fuel and an outlet opening into a distribution enclosure including a wall is formed by a distribution grid to communicate with a combustion zone.
  • Such burners have already been proposed to replace the burners in which the combustion air is entrained by a venturi effect created by the pressurized gas projected through a distribution nozzle. In such burners, only part of the air necessary for combustion is thus mixed with the gaseous fuel, so that the gas must be distributed in spaced out ramps to allow the passage of secondary air. This leads to relatively large burners, noisy and operating with a large excess of air.
  • the burners proposed to replace these burners commonly used in water heaters in particular include a premix enclosure associated with forced air circulation, as illustrated for example in patent application FR-A No. 2481415.
  • FR-A No. 2481415 a premix enclosure associated with forced air circulation
  • the volume occupied by such a burner is still relatively large and the quality of the air-gas mixture leaves something to be desired, so that the quantity of excess air required remains relatively high.
  • the higher the excess air the more the yield decreases in proportion to the mass flow rate of still fairly hot gases discharged through the chimney.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a compact burner, made of non-refractory material, capable of operating at a low rate of excess air.
  • the subject of the present invention is a gas burner comprising a premix enclosure having air and gas inlets connected respectively to a fan and to a source of pressurized gaseous fuel and an outlet opening into an enclosure of distribution, one wall of which is formed by a distribution grid to communicate with a combustion zone.
  • This burner is characterized by the features included in the characterizing part of one of claims 1 or 3.
  • the ratio between the total section of the perforated wall and the inlet of the distribution enclosure ensures a flow speed of the gas and air mixture which makes it possible to lower the temperature of the perforated wall to a value compatible with that which a chromium-rich steel can withstand for a relatively low rate of excess air, that is to say for a fairly low mass flow of gas and a fairly high combustion temperature.
  • a relatively low rate of excess air that is to say for a fairly low mass flow of gas and a fairly high combustion temperature.
  • the dimensions of the burner become very small compared to its power. Combustion at a low rate of excess air also leads to a very low flame height so that in the case of a boiler or a water heater, it is possible to produce a very compact wall appliance.
  • the burner illustrated in fig. 1 and 2 is in the general form of a relatively thin parallelepipedic housing 1, the interior of which is divided into two premixing chambers 2 respectively of distribution 3 by a partition 4 extending substantially halfway up the housing 1.
  • the face of the housing 1 located opposite the partition 4, delimiting with it the distribution enclosure 3 is essentially constituted by a perforated grid 5 for making the distribution enclosure 3 communicate with a combustion zone adjacent to the face external of this perforated grid 5.
  • the other wall 6 of the housing 1 parallel to the perforated grid 5 forms a channel 7 extending longitudinally to the axis of the housing 1.
  • the bottom of this channel is adjacent to a portion of the partition 4 and its side walls 8 and 9 by portions folded at 90 ° from the wall 6 and joining the partition 4.
  • the open side of the channel 7 is in communication with the - mosphere.
  • a conduit 10 intended to be connected to a source of pressurized gaseous fuel extends longitudinally in the channel 7.
  • This conduit 10 is crossed by distribution orifices 11 constituting gas injection nozzles, distributed longitudinally along this conduit 10. The axes of injection of these orifices are contained in a diametral plane parallel to the large faces of the housing 1.
  • the walls 8 and 9 of the channel 7 serve as a partition between the premix enclosure 2 and this channel 7. These walls 8 and 9 are pierced with openings 12, each coaxial with the injection axis of one of the distribution orifices 11. The diameter of these openings 12 is chosen so that the injection cone of the distribution orifices 11 passes through them, providing an annular section between this cone and the corresponding opening 12 for the passage of air.
  • the burner according to the invention is a burner with forced air circulation.
  • this forced circulation is carried out by vacuum thanks to a fan 13 located at the inlet of an evacuation duct 14 for combustion gases from a combustion chamber 15 with which the burner is associated, the intake of this fan being turned towards this combustion chamber.
  • a heat exchanger 16 with the combustion gases produced in this combustion chamber 15 extends through this chamber between the burner 1 and the fan 13.
  • the combustion chamber 15 is hermetically closed so that only the air intake chamber, formed here by the channel 7, is connected, on the one hand, with the atmosphere, by the opening of this channel 7 and, on the other hand, with the admission of the fan through the openings 12.
  • the partition 4 progressively moves away from the grid 5 from its portion forming the bottom of the channel 7 and this symmetrically on either side of this channel which is coaxial with the axis of symmetry of the partition 4. At its two lateral ends, this partition 4 has a rim 4a directed towards the grid 5 and the edge of which delimits the entry section into the distribution enclosure 3.
  • the diagram in fig. 6 shows the evolution curves of the CO 2 combustion gases as a function of the percentage of oxygen remaining in these combustion gases, this percentage being closely linked to the rate of excess air.
  • the flame temperature with respect to the production of oxygen is in the form of a curve which culminates in a stoichiometric ratio between the combustible gas and the air. Therefore, by reducing the excess air rate to increase the efficiency of the burner, the flame temperature reaches a value at which it is no longer possible to use steel.
  • Ceramics have certainly already been used for radiation burners. However, it is a type of burner more specifically used in the industry. In a boiler or a water heater for example, radiant heating is of no interest. The use of ceramics of a high price and which moreover are fragile is not justified for domestic appliances and for a mode of heating essentially by convection.
  • Kantal type alloy resistant to higher or lower temperatures of the order of 1000-1200 ° C is also a relatively expensive solution, all the more expensive as the limit temperature will be higher and can pose these temperatures cause corrosion problems with combustion gases. In addition, this alloy has poorer mechanical properties than steel.
  • This cooling of the grid 5 allows, if it is sufficient, use steel with 17% chromium for example.
  • the fact that this grid 5 is maintained at a temperature substantially lower than that of the flame has a second advantage, that of preventing combustion from going upstream of the grid 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Gasbrenner mit einem Vormischraum (25) mit Einlässen für Luft und Gas, welche mit einem Gebläse (17) bzw. mit einer Quelle für einen unter Druck stehenden gasförmigen Brennstoff verbunden sind, und mit einem Auslass, welcher in einen Verteilerraum (27) mündet, von welchem eine Wand durch ein Verteilergitter (28) für die Strömungsverbindung mit einer Verbrennungszone gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Räume in einem eine Symmetrieachse aufweisenden Gehäuse (18) enthalten sind, welches in einer zu dem genannten Gitter im wesentlichen parallelen Ebene durch eine die Räume (25, 27) unter Freilassung wenigstens eines sich entlang ihrem Umfang erstreckenden Strömungsdurchlasses begrenzende Trennwand (26) unterteilt ist, wobei der Gaseinlass (20) um die Symmetrieachse des Gehäuses (18) herum verteilte Düsen (21 ) zum Einblasen des Gases in einer zu der Achse im wesentlichen lotrechten Richtung aufweist, und die Düsen (21) in einer Lufteinlasskammer (24) ausmünden, welche in dem Vormischraum (25) in bezug auf die genannte Achse zentriert angeordnet ist, wobei ferner wenigstens eine Öffnung den der genannten Kammer (24) zunächst liegenden Bereich der Wand des Gehäuses durchsetzt, um die Kammer in Strömungsverbindung mit der Atmosphäre zu versetzen, und wobei wenigstens eine mit der Symmetrieachse koaxiale und zur Seitenwand des Gehäuses (18) im wesentlichen parallele Trennwand (23) die genannte Kammer (24) vom Vormischraum (25) trennt und von auf die Achsen von zugeordneten Düsen (21) zentrierten Verteileröffnungen (22) durchsetzt ist.
2. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Räume (25, 27) begrenzende Trennwand (26) eine mit derjenigen des Gehäuses (18) im wesentlichen koinzidierende Symmetrieachse hat und sich von dieser Achse aus zum Umfang hin fortschreitend von dem Gitter (28) entfernt, um einen Verteilerraum (27) zu bilden, dessen linearer Querschnitt vom Umfang aus zur Mitte hin abnimmt.
3. Gasbrenner mit einem Vormischraum (2) mit jeweils einem Einlass für Luft und Gas (7, 10), welche mit einem Gebläse (13) bzw. mit einer Quelle für einen unter Druck stehenden gasförmigen Brennstoff verbunden sind, und mit einem Auslass, welcher in einen Verteilerraum (3) mündet, von welchem eine Wand durch ein Verteilergitter (5) für die Strömungsverbindung mit einer Verbrennungszone gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Räume (2, 3) in einem eine Symmetrieebene aufweisende Gehäuse (1) enthalten sind, weiches durch eine zum genannten Gitter (5) im wesentlichen parallele, die Räume (2, 3) unter Freilassung wenigstens eines sich entlang ihres Umfangs erstreckenden Strömungsdurchlasses dazwischen begrenzende Trennwand (4) unterteilt ist, wobei der Gaseinlass (10) relativ zur Symmetrieebene des Gehäuses (1) verteilt angeordnete Düsen (11) zum Einblasen des Gases in einer zu der Ebene im wesentlichen lotrechten Richtung aufweist und die Düsen (11) in einer in bezug auf die genannte Ebene zentriert im Vormishraum (2) ausgebildeten Lufteintrittskammer (7) ausmünden, wobei ferner wenigstens eine Öffnung den dieser Kammer (7) zunächst liegenden Bereich der Wand des Gehäuses (1) durchsetzt, um die Kammer in Strömungsverbindung mit der Atmosphäre zu versetzen, und wobei wenigstens eine zur Symmetrieebene parallele und zur Seitenwand des Gehäuses (1) im wesentlichen parallele Trennwand (8) die genannte Kammer (7) vom Vormischraum (2) trennt und von auf die Achsen ihnen zugeordneter Düsen (11) zentrierten Öffnungen (12) durchsetzt ist.
4. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Räume (2, 3) begrenzende Trennwand (4) eine mit derjenigen des Gehäuses (1) im wesentlichen koinzidierende Symmetrieebene hat und sich von dieser Ebene aus zum äusseren Rand hin fortschreitend von dem Gitter (5) entfernt, um einen Verteilerraum (3) zu bilden, dessen linearer Querschnitt vom äusseren Rand zur Mitte hin abnimmt.
5. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die die Räume (2, 3; 25, 27) begrenzende Trennwand (4; 26) eine Strömungsverbindung zwischen der genannten Kammer (7; 24) und dem mittleren Teil des Verteilerraums (3; 27) herstellende Düsen (33) aufweist, welche dazu ausgebildet sind, einen Lutfstrahl auf das Verteilergitter (5; 28) zu richten.
6. Gasbrenner nach einem der beiden Ansprüche 1 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der genannte Strömungsdurchlass zwischen den Räumen (2,3; 25,27) ein Gitter (31,32) aufweist.
7. Brenner nach einem der beiden Ansprüche 1, 3 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen dem Gesamtquerschnitt der Öffnungen des Verteilergitters (5, 28) und dem Querschnitt des Strömungsdurchlasses grösser als ist.
8. Brenner nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das genannte Verhältnis grösser als 2 ist.
9. Brenner nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der den der Zutrittskammer (7) zunächst liegenden Bereich der Wand (6) des Gehäuses (1) durchsetzenden Öffnung eine verstellbare Abdeckung (34) zugeordnet ist.
10. Brenner nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse (1 ) im wesentlichen die Form eines Parallelepipeds mit einem relativ zu der Symmetrieebene in zwei Teile unterteilten Verteilerraum (3) aufweist, und durch Einrichtungen (37)zumVerschliessendereinederzur Symmetrieebene des Gehäuses (1) parallelen Trennwände (8, 9) durchsetzenden Öffnungen (12).
11. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er einer Verbrennungskammer (15) zugeordnet ist und dass der Einlass des Gebläses (13) mit dem Auslass der Verbrennungskammer (15) verbunden ist.
EP83810105A 1982-03-19 1983-03-15 Gasbrenner Expired EP0089924B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83810105T ATE17032T1 (de) 1982-03-19 1983-03-15 Gasbrenner.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1712/82 1982-03-19
CH1712/82A CH653115A5 (fr) 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Bruleur a gaz.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0089924A1 EP0089924A1 (de) 1983-09-28
EP0089924B1 true EP0089924B1 (de) 1985-12-18

Family

ID=4216836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83810105A Expired EP0089924B1 (de) 1982-03-19 1983-03-15 Gasbrenner

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0089924B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE17032T1 (de)
CH (1) CH653115A5 (de)
DE (1) DE3361527D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8403598A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0283901B1 (de) * 1987-03-17 1990-12-12 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. Gas-Flächenbrenner für Heizungskessel
GB8801785D0 (en) * 1988-01-27 1988-02-24 Burco Dean Appliances Ltd Gas burner assemblies
JP2845512B2 (ja) * 1989-09-14 1999-01-13 株式会社東芝 燃焼装置のバーナ

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2748842A (en) * 1952-03-22 1956-06-05 James O Ivie Revertible draft fluid-fuel-burning heater with safety pilot draft
FR1535610A (fr) * 1967-06-26 1968-08-09 Gaz De France Brûleurs pour combustibles gazeux à multiple injection et mélangeur intégré
US3597135A (en) * 1969-04-30 1971-08-03 Inst Gas Technology Gas burner structure
US3807886A (en) * 1971-03-30 1974-04-30 Cutler Repaving Ass Method for heating asphalt concrete roadways and the like
FR2232735B1 (de) * 1972-05-08 1976-08-06 Antargaz
FR2481415A1 (fr) * 1980-04-23 1981-10-30 Fulpin Jacques Bruleur a gaz

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH653115A5 (fr) 1985-12-13
DE3361527D1 (en) 1986-01-30
ATE17032T1 (de) 1986-01-15
ES520722A0 (es) 1984-03-16
EP0089924A1 (de) 1983-09-28
ES8403598A1 (es) 1984-03-16

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