EP0089924A1 - Gasbrenner - Google Patents

Gasbrenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0089924A1
EP0089924A1 EP83810105A EP83810105A EP0089924A1 EP 0089924 A1 EP0089924 A1 EP 0089924A1 EP 83810105 A EP83810105 A EP 83810105A EP 83810105 A EP83810105 A EP 83810105A EP 0089924 A1 EP0089924 A1 EP 0089924A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
axis
distribution
gas
grid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83810105A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0089924B1 (de
Inventor
Dominique Noir
Robert Faure-Vincent
Georges Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zanussi Climatizzazione SpA
Original Assignee
Zanussi Climatizzazione SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zanussi Climatizzazione SpA filed Critical Zanussi Climatizzazione SpA
Priority to AT83810105T priority Critical patent/ATE17032T1/de
Publication of EP0089924A1 publication Critical patent/EP0089924A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0089924B1 publication Critical patent/EP0089924B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/30—Inverted burners, e.g. for illumination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/34—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air
    • F23D14/36—Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air in which the compressor and burner form a single unit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas burner comprising a premix enclosure having air and gas inlets connected respectively to a fan and to a source of gaseous fuel.
  • Such burners have already been proposed to replace the burners in which the combustion air is entrained by a venturi effect created by the pressurized gas projected through a distribution nozzle. In such burners, only part of the air necessary for combustion is thus mixed with the gaseous fuel, so that the gas must be distributed in spaced out ramps to allow the passage of secondary air. This leads to relatively large burners, noisy and operating with a large excess of air.
  • FR 2 481 415 a premix enclosure associated with forced air circulation
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a compact burner, made of non-refractory material, capable of operating at a low rate of excess air.
  • the subject of the present invention is a gas burner comprising a premix enclosure having air and gas inlets connected respectively to a fan and to a source of pressurized gaseous fuel and an outlet opening into an enclosure of distribution, one wall of which is formed by a distribution grid to communicate with a combustion zone.
  • This burner is characterized in that these enclosures are contained in a housing with an axis of symmetry, divided along a plane substantially parallel to said grid by a partition delimiting these enclosures and providing at least one communication passage between them extending at its periphery, said gas inlet comprising nozzles distributed around the axis of symmetry of the housing for injecting gas in a general direction perpendicular to this axis, these nozzles opening into an air intake chamber formed in the enclosure premixed and centered with respect to said axis, at least one opening passing through the wall portion of the housing adjacent to this chamber to put it in communication with the atmosphere, at least one partition coaxial with this axis of symmetry and substantially parallel to the wall lateral of the housing separating this chamber from the premix enclosure and being traversed by distribution openings centered on the respective axes of the nozzles.
  • the ratio between the total section of the perforated wall and the inlet of the distribution enclosure ensures a flow speed of the gas and air mixture which makes it possible to lower the temperature of the perforated wall at a value compatible with that which can be supported by a steel rich in chromium for a relatively low rate of excess air, that is to say for a rather low mass flow of gas and a combustion temperature high.
  • the dimensions of the burner become very small compared to its power. Combustion at a low rate of excess air also leads to a very low flame height so that in the case of a boiler or a water heater, it is possible to produce a very compact wall appliance.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along II-II of FIG. l of the burner associated with a combustion chamber of a boiler.
  • Fig. 3 is a diametrical sectional view of a second embodiment.
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3.
  • Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a variant of FIG. 1.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 show two explanatory diagrams.
  • the burner illustrated in figs. l and 2 is in the general form of a relatively thin parallelepipedic box 1, the interior of which is divided into two premixing chambers 2 respectively of distribution 3 by a partition 4 extending substantially at mid-height of the box 1.
  • the face of the housing 1 located opposite the partition 4, delimiting with it the distribution enclosure 3 is essentially constituted by a perforated grid 5 for making the distribution enclosure 3 communicate with a combustion zone adjacent to the face external of this perforated grid 5.
  • the other wall 6 of the housing 1 parallel to the perforated grid 5 forms a channel 7 extending longitudinally to the axis of the housing 1.
  • the bottom of this channel is adjacent to a portion of the partition 4 and its side walls 8 and 9 by portions folded at 90 ° from the wall 6 and joining the partition 4.
  • the open side of the channel 7 is in communication with the atmosphere.
  • a conduit 10 intended to be re linked to a source of pressurized gaseous fuel extends longitudinally in the channel 7.
  • This conduit 10 is crossed by distribution orifices It constituting gas injection nozzles, distributed longitudinally along this conduit 10.
  • the axes d injection of these orifices are contained in a diametral plane parallel to the large faces of the housing 1.
  • the walls 8 and 9 of the channel 7 serve as a partition between the premix enclosure 2 and this channel 7. These walls 8 and 9 are pierced with openings 12, each coaxial with the axis of injection of one of the distribution orifices 11. The diameter of these openings 12 is chosen so that the injection cone of the distribution orifices 11 passes through them while sparing an annular section between this cone and the corresponding opening 12 for the passage of air.
  • the burner according to the invention is a burner with forced air circulation.
  • this forced circulation is carried out by vacuum thanks to a fan 13 located at the inlet of an evacuation duct 14 for combustion gases from a combustion chamber 15 with which the burner is associated, the intake of this fan being turned towards this combustion chamber.
  • a heat exchanger 16 with the combustion gases produced in this combustion chamber 15 extends through this chamber between the burner 1 and the fan 13.
  • the combustion chamber 15 is hermetically closed so that only the air intake chamber, formed here by the channel 7, is connected, on the one hand, with the atmosphere, by the opening of this channel 7 and, on the other hand, with the admission of the fan through the openings 12.
  • the partition 4 progressively moves away from the grid 5 from its portion forming the bottom of the channel 7 and this symmetrically on either side of this channel which is coaxial with the axis of symmetry of the partition 4. At its two lateral ends, this partition 4 has a rim 4a directed towards the grid 5 and the edge of which delimits the entry section into the distribution enclosure 3.
  • the diagram in fig. 6 represents the evolution curves C0 2 combustion gases as a function of the percentage of oxygen remaining in these combustion gases, this percentage being closely linked to the rate of excess air.
  • this rate of C0 2 increases in inverse function to the rate of 0 2 .
  • the flame temperature relative to the proportion of oxygen is in the form of a curve which culminates in a stoichiometric ratio between the combustible gas and the air. Therefore, by reducing the excess air rate to increase the efficiency of the burner, the flame temperature reaches a value at which it is no longer possible to use steel.
  • Ceramics have certainly already been used for radiation burners. However, it is a type of burner more specifically used in the industry. In a boiler or a water heater for example, radiant heating is of no interest. The use of ceramics of a high price and which moreover are fragile is not justified for domestic appliances and for a mode of heating essentially by convection.
  • Kantal type alloy resistant to higher or lower temperatures of the order of 1000 ° - 1200 ° C is also a relatively expensive solution, all the more expensive as the limit temperature will be higher and can pose corrosion problems with combustion gases at these temperatures. In addition, this alloy has less good. mechanical properties than steel.
  • This cooling of the grid 5 allows, if it is sufficient, to use a steel with 17% chromium for example.
  • This grid 5 is maintained at a temperature substantially lower than that of the flame has a second advantage, that of preventing combustion from going upstream of the grid 5.
  • the gas flow speed through the grid 5 is between 0.5 and 5 m / s depending on the power.
  • the flow speed of the gas mixture near this grid 5 must be at least of the order of 2 m / s which, for the lower speed of the range speeds through the grid 5 which is 0.5 m / s would give a speed ratio of 1/4, so that the inlet section of the distribution enclosure must be four times smaller than that of the grid 5.
  • the grid 5 is made of perforated sheet steel whose perforations have, in this example, 0.8 mm in diameter and are regularly distributed, their surface representing 15% of the total surface of this grid.
  • the shape of the housing 1 containing the enclosures 2 and 3 being generally parallelepiped, and the partition 4 separating these enclosures deviating from the grid 5 from the center towards the edges of the housing 1 by forming a distribution enclosure 3 with a gradually increasing section in the direction of the edges of this housing, it follows that the corresponding section of the premix enclosure 2 decreases in the same proportion.
  • This reduction in section of the premix enclosure 2 promotes the homogenization of the mixture which can be further improved by placing a grid 16 at its outlet so as to split the flow. It should be noted that this mixture is already favored by the walls 8 and 9 and the openings 12 through which the gas is injected so that vortices form downstream of these walls between the gas and the air, promoting their mixing.
  • the burner according to the invention is not limited to having the fan downstream, it could very well be upstream with its outlet directed towards the burner, like the fan 17 illustrated in FIG. 3.
  • the housing 18 of the burner is cylindrical, the axis of symmetry being constituted by any one of its diameters.
  • a gas supply pipe 19 is mounted coaxially with the fan distribution pipe 17a and passes through its wall so as to be able to connect it to a source of pressurized gas.
  • This supply conduit 19 ends in a cylindrical housing 20 whose side wall is crossed by nozzles 21 whose injection axes are concentric with respective openings 22 passing through a circular partition 23 concentric with the cylindrical housing 20 and which separates a chamber 24 air supply, which leads to the distribution duct 17a of the fan 17, the premix enclosure 25.
  • a partition 26 separates this premix enclosure 25 from the distribution enclosure 27.
  • a slightly convex distribution grid 28 is attached to the housing, against the edge of which it is clamped by a ring 29 and clamping screws 30. Between the distribution chambers 27 and the premix 25, two perforated sheets 31 and 32 serve to homogenize the gas-air mixture.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates yet other variants, one of which is applicable to one or the other of the preceding embodiments. It consists of a flap 34 for adjusting the air intake in the channel 7, this flap being slidably mounted by means of openings elongated 35 associated with fixing screws 36, for advancing or retreating the flap 34 above the channel 7.
  • Another variant is illustrated in this fig. 5. It consists in forming in the center of the distribution grid 5 a rib 5a fixed to the center of the partition 4 and dividing the distribution compartment 3 axially into two equal parts.
  • a slide 37 is mounted adjacent to one of the walls 8 or 9 of the channel 7. This slide has openings 38 of the same diameter and the same spacing as the openings 12 passing through these walls 8 and 9.
  • the rib 5a constitutes a cooling fin for the grid 5.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
EP83810105A 1982-03-19 1983-03-15 Gasbrenner Expired EP0089924B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83810105T ATE17032T1 (de) 1982-03-19 1983-03-15 Gasbrenner.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1712/82 1982-03-19
CH1712/82A CH653115A5 (fr) 1982-03-19 1982-03-19 Bruleur a gaz.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0089924A1 true EP0089924A1 (de) 1983-09-28
EP0089924B1 EP0089924B1 (de) 1985-12-18

Family

ID=4216836

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83810105A Expired EP0089924B1 (de) 1982-03-19 1983-03-15 Gasbrenner

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0089924B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE17032T1 (de)
CH (1) CH653115A5 (de)
DE (1) DE3361527D1 (de)
ES (1) ES520722A0 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2214629A (en) * 1988-01-27 1989-09-06 Burco Dean Appliances Ltd Gas burner assembly
GB2235974A (en) * 1989-09-14 1991-03-20 Toshiba Kk Gas burner for a refrigerant

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0283901B1 (de) * 1987-03-17 1990-12-12 Viessmann Werke GmbH & Co. Gas-Flächenbrenner für Heizungskessel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2748842A (en) * 1952-03-22 1956-06-05 James O Ivie Revertible draft fluid-fuel-burning heater with safety pilot draft
FR1535610A (fr) * 1967-06-26 1968-08-09 Gaz De France Brûleurs pour combustibles gazeux à multiple injection et mélangeur intégré
US3597135A (en) * 1969-04-30 1971-08-03 Inst Gas Technology Gas burner structure
US3807886A (en) * 1971-03-30 1974-04-30 Cutler Repaving Ass Method for heating asphalt concrete roadways and the like
CH567690A5 (de) * 1972-05-08 1975-10-15 Antargaz
FR2481415A1 (fr) * 1980-04-23 1981-10-30 Fulpin Jacques Bruleur a gaz

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2748842A (en) * 1952-03-22 1956-06-05 James O Ivie Revertible draft fluid-fuel-burning heater with safety pilot draft
FR1535610A (fr) * 1967-06-26 1968-08-09 Gaz De France Brûleurs pour combustibles gazeux à multiple injection et mélangeur intégré
US3597135A (en) * 1969-04-30 1971-08-03 Inst Gas Technology Gas burner structure
US3807886A (en) * 1971-03-30 1974-04-30 Cutler Repaving Ass Method for heating asphalt concrete roadways and the like
CH567690A5 (de) * 1972-05-08 1975-10-15 Antargaz
FR2481415A1 (fr) * 1980-04-23 1981-10-30 Fulpin Jacques Bruleur a gaz

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2214629A (en) * 1988-01-27 1989-09-06 Burco Dean Appliances Ltd Gas burner assembly
GB2214629B (en) * 1988-01-27 1991-09-04 Burco Dean Appliances Ltd Gas burner assemblies
GB2235974A (en) * 1989-09-14 1991-03-20 Toshiba Kk Gas burner for a refrigerant
US5017130A (en) * 1989-09-14 1991-05-21 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Burner for a combustion device
GB2235974B (en) * 1989-09-14 1993-05-26 Toshiba Kk Burner for a combustion device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH653115A5 (fr) 1985-12-13
ES8403598A1 (es) 1984-03-16
ES520722A0 (es) 1984-03-16
EP0089924B1 (de) 1985-12-18
ATE17032T1 (de) 1986-01-15
DE3361527D1 (en) 1986-01-30

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