EP0673612B1 - Nagellackpinsel und Auflageeinheit - Google Patents

Nagellackpinsel und Auflageeinheit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0673612B1
EP0673612B1 EP95400473A EP95400473A EP0673612B1 EP 0673612 B1 EP0673612 B1 EP 0673612B1 EP 95400473 A EP95400473 A EP 95400473A EP 95400473 A EP95400473 A EP 95400473A EP 0673612 B1 EP0673612 B1 EP 0673612B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bristles
brush according
brush
tuft
chosen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95400473A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0673612A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Louis Gueret
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LOreal SA
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LOreal SA
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Publication of EP0673612A1 publication Critical patent/EP0673612A1/de
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Publication of EP0673612B1 publication Critical patent/EP0673612B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • A46D1/02—Bristles details
    • A46D1/023—Bristles with at least a core and at least a partial sheath
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46B—BRUSHES
    • A46B3/00—Brushes characterised by the way in which the bristles are fixed or joined in or on the brush body or carrier
    • A46B3/16—Brushes characterised by the way in which the bristles are fixed or joined in or on the brush body or carrier by wires or other anchoring means, specially for U-shaped bristle tufts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A46—BRUSHWARE
    • A46D—MANUFACTURE OF BRUSHES
    • A46D1/00—Bristles; Selection of materials for bristles
    • A46D1/02—Bristles details
    • A46D1/0238—Bristles with non-round cross-section

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a brush for applying a product of makeup such as nail polish, of the kind which include hairs arranged substantially parallel to each other in a tuft, and fixed on a support called rod brush. It also relates to a set of application of a nail polish.
  • a product of makeup such as nail polish
  • Conventional nail polish application brushes generally include a tuft of about 600 hairs with a diameter of 8/100 mm, which are produced most often made of polyamide, for example nylon 6, 6-6, 6-10, 6-12, nylon 11 or polyester.
  • the makeup brushes offered so far leave much to be desired. the precision and speed of makeup, especially when applying a varnish on the nails.
  • the Applicant has found that by increasing the diameter of the bristles with a polyamide brush, and vice versa by reducing their number, see in particular document FR-A 2 687 055, the interstices could be increased between the bristles, and consequently, obtain a higher loading of product and increased brush autonomy.
  • this brush when application of a nail polish, does not deviate much on the surface to be treated, and that it streaks in the layer of varnish deposited on the nail, which is not everything desirable from an aesthetic point of view. In this case, it was found that the brush pushes the product on the surface.
  • the purpose of the present invention is precisely to make up a makeup brush. in particular to remedy these drawbacks.
  • This brush ensures, in particular, precise makeup, while carrying much more product than a brush classic; it therefore has more autonomy than conventional brushes, and allows depositing a greater layer thickness; it therefore results in a greater ease of application for the user.
  • the Applicant has found, by judiciously adjusting certain characteristics of a brush intended for the application of nail varnish, which could be obtained, surprisingly, the application of a layer of makeup product, more homogeneous.
  • the layer of varnish obtained after drying has better mechanical resistance than that according to art anterior, and is better hung on the nail.
  • the Applicant has observed that by adjusting the hardness of the hairs in a range very precise, and possibly by increasing their diameter, we can obtain a nail polish brush, which has a product loading capacity superior to that of conventional brushes and therefore greater autonomy; that we can apply varnishes with a lower or higher viscosity than those of the varnishes usually used, thus opening the door to new and original nail polish compositions, which can be obtained a more uniform and thicker surface of varnish on the nail, without formation streaks.
  • the brush for applying a makeup product having a tuft of substantially parallel hairs, a first end of these hairs being fixed to a free end of a rod is characterized by the fact that all or part of the tuft hair is made of at least one material as defined in claim 1.
  • the brush may include bristles made of elastomer thermoplastic chosen either from the group of polyethylene elastomers, polyurethane, polyester, or in the group of polyether blockamides; of polyvinyls; terpolymers of ethylene, propylene and a diene (EPDM); block styrene-butadiene polymers (SEBS-SIS).
  • the thermoplastic elastomer has a Shore A hardness included in the range from 40 to 80.
  • the vulcanized thermoplastic elastomer can be chosen from the group of silicone rubbers, nitrile rubbers, terpolymers of ethylene, propylene and a diene (EPDM), rubbers natural, polynorbordenes, butyl rubbers.
  • the vulcanized elastomer has a Shore A hardness included in the range of 15 to 90.
  • the bristles can also be made of an alloy at least one non-elastomeric thermoplastic polymer, with at least one thermoplastic elastomer.
  • the alloy can consist of a blend of non-elastomeric thermoplastic polymer, selected from the group polyesters, polyamides, polypropylenes, polyvinyl chlorides, viscose, rayon, and a thermoplastic elastomer, in particular chosen in the group of polyether blockamide elastomers; polyvinyls; of terpolymers of ethylene, propylene and a diene (EPDM); polymers of block styrene-ethylene-butadiene (SEBS-SIS).
  • the alloy consists of a mixture of 90% to 40% by weight of non-elastomeric thermoplastic polymer and from 10% to 60% by weight of a thermoplastic elastomer chosen from those mentioned above.
  • the alloy has a hardness in the range of 60 Shore A to 40 Shore D.
  • the tuft of bristles of the brush contains from 2% to 100% bristles made of at least one elastomeric thermoplastic material or vulcanized, the other bristles of the tuft being in accordance with the state of the art.
  • bristles conforming to the state of the art mention may be made of those made of synthetic or natural non-elastomeric material, the constituent material of bristles which may for example be chosen from polyamides, polyesters, polyether-block amides, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyfluoride vinylidene, polyacetates, natural bristles, preferably of origin animal.
  • the bristles made of at least one elastomeric thermoplastic material or vulcanized constituting the brush preferably have a section inscribed in a diameter circle ( ⁇ ) ranging for example from 6/100 mm to 30/100 mm.
  • the other hairs of the tuft preferably have a section inscribed in a circle of diameter ranging for example from 3/100 mm to 20/100 mm.
  • the tuft of the bristles of the brush to a length ranging from 10 mm 25 mm and preferably a length ranging from 13 mm to 20 mm.
  • the bristles have a first end obtained by bending a bundle of fibers in U, the base of U being held by a staple pressed into a housing in the end free from the brush rod.
  • this housing is a cylinder of revolution.
  • Fixing the tuft of hairs in this housing can also be carried out by gluing or by any other means usually used for the manufacture of brushes, for example by a ferrule, or by biinjection or overinjection.
  • the number of hairs constituting the tuft is advantageously included in the range from 5 to 600 and preferably from 100 to 500.
  • the brush can consist of approximately 500 bristles with a diameter of 10/100 mm.
  • this has a value at most equal to 0.6 Pa.s.
  • we wish to apply a high viscosity formula we choose advantageously a number of bristles of around 120 having a diameter of 24/100.
  • the material constituting the bristles may advantageously contain an agent modifying their surface condition and / or their sliding characteristics and / or reducing their wettability with water and / or solvent contained in the product make-up and in particular in varnish, or else an anti-static agent.
  • the agent improving the sliding characteristic of the hair and reducing its wettability with water and solvent is incorporated in the material of hairs at a rate ranging from 0.2% to 15% by weight.
  • This slip agent is preferably chosen from the group formed by the polytetrafluoroethylene, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, silicones, fullerene, talc.
  • the hairs may have slight undulations along its length.
  • the bristles may have cross sections whose shape is chosen from the group of circular, annular shapes cross-shaped, rectangular, poly-lobed, U-shaped, C-shaped, or V-shaped, and forms comprising at least one capillary groove.
  • the free end of the bristles constituting the brush can be arranged in the form of pin head, in particular obtained by heat treatment, for example by flaming.
  • the free end of the bristles can also be tapered, this taper being obtained for example by grinding or carding.
  • the cross section of the brush can have different shapes; in particular, the tuft may have a circular section, a semi-round tile section, a oval or cruciform section.
  • the hairs can have lengths different.
  • the free end of the brush can be flat or rounded.
  • the brush having the characteristics which have just been described is suitable particularly good for applying nail polish or liquid eyeshadow.
  • the present invention also relates to a set of applications.
  • nail polish consisting of a container, usually made of glass, fitted with a neck and a stopper integral with an application member, immersed in position storage in a nail polish contained in this container, which is characterized in that the applicator member is a brush, as defined previously.
  • Figure 1 is a simplified elevational view of a set of nail polish according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view on a larger scale, in axial section partial, from the end of the rod according to the invention illustrating the tuft of hairs.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view on a larger scale of the bristles of the brush of the invention, after their implantation in the rod.
  • Figures 4 to 9 are diagrams of different cross sections possible for the bristles of the brush according to the invention, inscribed in a circle of constant diameter ( ⁇ ).
  • FIG. 10 shows a bristle of the brush of the invention having a slight ripple.
  • Figures 11 and 12 show in large scale elevation two shapes possible for the free end of the brush of the invention.
  • Figure 13 is a side view of another possible shape for the free end of the brush of the invention.
  • Figures 14 to 16 illustrate possible cross sections for the housing the fixed end of the bristles of the brush according to the invention.
  • a set of nail polish comprising a brush (1) for applying varnish (12) comprising a tuft (2) of bristles (3) fixed to one end (5a) of a rod (5) and oriented substantially in the axial direction of the rod.
  • a cylindrical sleeve (6) is integral with the other end of the rod (5) opposite the tuft (2) and engaged in the sleeve (6).
  • This cylindrical sleeve (6) serves as the brush operating member. It serves also of a cap intended, for example, to be screwed onto the neck (13) of a bottle (11) of varnish (12).
  • the tuft (2) is obtained from a bundle of hairs (3) substantially parallel folded in half, about halfway.
  • the tuft (2) is fixed to the free end (5a) of the rod (5) by engagement with tightening of the folded part (8), of the tuft of hairs, as shown in the figure 2, in a housing (9) formed by a blind hole opening at the free end of the rod (5).
  • the tuft (2) is carried out by placing the middle zone of the bundle of bristles at the entrance to the housing (9) of the rod (5).
  • a clip (10) is then engaged around the area located substantially mid-length of the beam bristles and is pushed into the housing (9) causing the bristles (3) to fold back which come to bear against the edge of the housing (9). During this operation, the clip (10) folds back so as to clamp the bristles, and is forcibly engaged in the rod (5).
  • the clip (10) is made from a metal wire bent in a U whose section can be circular, rectangular, flat or square.
  • the diameter where the long side of the section of the wire is advantageously between 0.2 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the end zone of the housing (9), as visible in FIG. 2, can be a cylinder of revolution of axis XX with an end zone in frustoconical shape of flared revolution.
  • the tuft (2) of the brush (1) located in such a housing has a frustoconical shape with a substantially circular base (see fig. 15).
  • the conditions for implanting the bristles (3) in the housing (9), as visible in FIG. 3, are decisive for the creation of interstices (i). Indeed, these interstices (i) are responsible for the product taking capacity and therefore for the autonomy of the brush. This creates capillary reserves of product to be applied; depending on the viscosity of the product, you can adjust the amount of product taken by the brush.
  • the cross sections of the bristles (3) are inscribed in a circle ( ⁇ ) of diameter ranging from 6/100 to 30/100 mm; of preferably, the section is chosen in the range from 11/100 to 25/100 mm.
  • the sections of the hairs (3) can have various shapes: they can be circular (3a), as illustrated in Figure 4; annulars (3b), as illustrated in Figure 5; or C-shaped (3c) as shown in Figure 6; under V shape (3d) as shown in Figure 7; they can be shaped flat rectangular (3a), as shown in Figure 8; polygonal, in particular square, or cruciform (3f) as shown in Figure 9.
  • the bristles (3g) may not be straight and present, at least over part of their length, slight undulations (7).
  • the tuft (2) of bristles of the brush (1) can have different shapes. in cross section.
  • the end of the tuft (2) is flat and the free ends (4) of the bristles are substantially equal.
  • the set of ends (4) of the bristles (3) has a rounded configuration obtained, for example, by mowing.
  • the ends (4) of hairs (3) have been trimmed so that the hairs have different lengths and their ends form an oblique line, with respect to the direction Y perpendicular to the X-X axis.
  • the brush may also have a cross section S1 of substantially rectangular shape, as shown in Figure 14; a section transverse S2 circular, as shown in Figure 15 or a section cross S3 of rounded tile, as shown in figure 16.
  • the brush can be made up of different types and hair forms having the characteristics described above.
  • the diameter (d) (FIG. 2) of the tuft (2) of bristles (3) is generally included in the range of 4 to 6 mm.
  • a brush is obtained which, when applying the varnish, spreads the free ends (4) of the fan-shaped bristles, making it possible to make up a nail in two applications only.
  • the ratio d / L (where L is the maximum length of the hairs) is increased by using bristles made of flexible material according to the invention.
  • the layer of varnish deposited is homogeneous, thick, and exhibits, after drying, adhesion properties improved compared to those obtained with known brushes.
  • the surface layer also has a shiny appearance. In addition, it is deposited in a way precise.
  • Example 1 Brush comprising a tuft of bristles with an apparent length (L) of 22 mm: 100% flexible bristles of polyether blockamide of trilobe section, of diameter of 29/100 mm; number of bristles approximately 250.
  • This brush makes it possible to obtain a very loaded monolayer on the nail, of an excellent shine.
  • EXAMPLE 2 Brush with a Tuft of Bristles of Apparent Length (L) of 20 mm Consisting of a 100% Mixture of Bristles with a Diameter of 17/100 mm in Cross Section Shaped in a Polyamide 11 / Polyether Blockamide Alloy (70/30); number of bristles: approximately 320.
  • This brush is suitable for applying a monolayer of fluid formulas without streaking, while keeping a high thickness of varnish applied.
  • EXAMPLE 3 Brush Containing a Tuft of Bristles with an Apparent Length of 17 mm, Consisting of 30% of Bristles with a Diameter of 17/100 mm in a Polyamide 11 / Polyether Blockamide Alloy (70/30) Added with Molybdenum Disulfide (5%) of "V" section, mixed with 70% of bristles with a diameter of 8/100 mm of circular section made of polyester elastomer (Hytrel R ); number of bristles: about 420.
  • This brush has the following properties: obtaining a smooth and thick layer, very shiny.
  • EXAMPLE 4 Brush Containing a Tuft of Bristles of Apparent Length (L) of 17 mm, Consisting of 30% of Bristles with a Diameter of 17/100 mm in Thermoplastic Elastomer of Polyurethane of Horseshoe Section Mixed with 70 % of bristles with a diameter of 4/100 mm circular section made of polyamide 6-12 (TYNEX nylon); number of bristles: about 350.
  • This brush has the same characteristics as those mentioned in the previous examples.
  • EXAMPLE 5 Brush Containing a Tuft of Bristles of Apparent Length (L) of 15 mm, Consisting of 10% of Bristles with a Diameter of 25/100 mm in Polyether Blockamide Thermoplastic Elastomer (PEBAX from the company ATOCHEM) of Circular Section mixed with 90% wavy bristles with a diameter of 6/100 mm circular section made of polyamide 6-12 (TYNEX nylon); number of bristles: approximately 400.
  • PEBAX Polyether Blockamide Thermoplastic Elastomer
  • This brush has the same characteristics as those mentioned in the previous examples.
  • EXAMPLE 6 Brush Containing a Tuft of Bristles of Apparent Length (L) of 13 mm, Consisting of 70% of Bristles with a Diameter of 13/100 of mm in Thermoplastic Polyether Blockamide Elastomer (PEBAX from the company ATOCHEM) of Cross Section , mixed with 30% bristles with a diameter of 6/100 mm circular section made of polyamide 6-12 (TYNEX nylon); number of bristles: approximately 320.
  • This brush has the same characteristics as those mentioned in the previous examples.
  • a brush according to the invention thanks to the bristles of softer material than that of the prior art, better matches the shape of the bulb of the nail, and allows made of its large tank capacity and its spreading capacity, the makeup of a nail in less than two applications.
  • the deposited layer is brighter, more homogeneous and thicker, showing a marked increase coverage compared to those obtained with conventional brushes.
  • test results are surprising. We notice in particular with a brush according to the invention, extreme ease of use, great covering precision and above all greater mechanical resistance and better attachment of makeup on the nail.

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  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Pinsel für Nagellacke, der ein Büschel (2) von im wesentlichen parallelen Haaren (3) aufweist, wobei ein Ende (8) der Haare am freien Ende (5a) eines Schaftes (5) befestigt ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle oder ein Teil der Haare (3) des Büschels (2) aus mindestens einem thermoplatischen Elastomer, dessen Härte im Bereich von 40 bis 80 Shore A liegt, oder mindestens einem vulkanisierten Elastomer, dessen Härte im Bereich von 15 bis 90 Shore A liegt, oder aus einer Legierung mindestens eines thermoplastischen, nicht elastomeren Polymers und mindestens eines thermoplastischen oder vulkanisierten Elastomers, dessen Härte im Bereich von 60 Shore A bis 40 Shore D liegt, hergestellt sind.
  2. Pinsel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle oder ein Teil der Haare aus einer Legierung mindestens eines thermoplastischen, nicht elastomeren Polymers und mindestens eines thermoplastischen oder vulkanisierten Elastomers hergestellt sind.
  3. Pinsel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Material ein thermoplastisches Elastomer enthält, das unter den Polyethylen-, Polyurethan- oder Polyester-Elastomeren oder den Polyether-Blockamiden, Polyvinyl-Elastomeren, EPDM (Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Terpolymeren) und SEBS-SIS (Styrol-Butadien-Blockpolymeren) ausgewählt ist.
  4. Pinsel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Material ein vulkanisiertes Material ist, das unter den Siliconkautschuken, Kautschuken mit Nitrilgruppe, EPDM (Ethylen-Propylen-Dien-Terpolymeren), Naturkautschuken, Polynorbordenen und Butylkautschuken ausgewählt ist.
  5. Pinsel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle oder ein Teil der Haare aus einer Legierung mindestens eines thermoplastischen, nicht elastomeren Polymers, das unter den Polyestern, Polyamiden, Polypropylenen, Polyvinylchloriden, Viscose und Rayon ausgewählt ist, und mindestens eines thermoplastischen Elastomers hergestellt sind.
  6. Pinsel nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß alle oder ein Teil der Haare aus einer Legierung von 90 bis 40 Gew.-% eines thermoplastischen, nicht elastomeren Polymers und 10 bis 60 Gew.-% eines thermoplastischen Elastomers hergestellt sind.
  7. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haare aus mindestens einem elastomeren Material einen Querschnitt aufweisen, der in einen Kreis mit einem Durchmesser () von 6/100 bis 30/100 mm einbeschrieben werden kann.
  8. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Büschel ferner Haare aus einem nicht elastomeren Material enthält.
  9. Pinsel nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haare aus nicht elastomerem Material einen Querschnitt aufweisen, der in einen Kreis mit einem Durchmesser () von 3/100 bis 20/100 mm einbeschrieben werden kann.
  10. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Büschel (2) der Haare (3) eine Länge (L) von 10 bis 25 mm aufweist.
  11. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Ende (8) der Haare (3) von einer Klammer (10) gehalten wird, die in eine Aufnahme (9) eingebettet ist, welche an dem freien Ende (5a) des Schaftes (5) ausgebildet ist.
  12. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Zahl der Haare (3), die das Büschel (2) bilden, im Bereich von 5 bis 600 liegt.
  13. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haare ein Mittel enthalten, das den Oberflächenzustand der Haare und/oder ihre Gleiteigenschaften modifiziert und/oder ihre Benetzbarkeit mit Wasser und/oder einem Lösungsmittel vermindert.
  14. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Mittel, das den Oberflächenzustand und/oder die Gleiteigenschaften und/oder die Benetzbarkeit der Haare modifiziert, in einer Menge von 0,2 bis 15 Gew.-% vorliegt.
  15. Pinsel nach einem der Ansprüche 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Gleitmittel unter Polytetrafluorethylen, Bornitrid, Molybdändisulfid, Graphit, Siliconen, Fulleren und Talk ausgewählt ist.
  16. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teil der Haare leichte Wellungen (7) aufweist.
  17. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haare (3) Querschnitte aufweisen, die unter kreisrund (3a), ringförmig (3b), polygonal, kreuzförmig (3f), rechteckig (3e), gelappt, U-förmig, C-förmig (3c) oder V-förmig (3d) oder Formen, die mindestens eine kapillare Nut aufweisen, ausgewählt sind.
  18. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Querschnitt (S1, S2, S3) des Büschels (2) eine Form aufweist, die unter kreisrund, oval, kreuzförmig oder ringsegmentförmig ausgewählt ist.
  19. Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Haare (3) ein freies Ende (4) aufweisen, das durch Beflammen, Schleifen oder Kardieren bearbeitet wurde.
  20. Gesamte Anordnung zum Auftragen von Nagellack, bestehend aus einem Behälter (11) mit einem Hals (13) und einem Verschluß (6), der mit einer Einrichtung zum Auftragen verbunden ist, die bei der Aufbewahrung in den Nagellack (12), der in dem Behälter (11) enthalten ist, eintaucht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei der Einrichtung zum Auftragen um einen Pinsel nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche handelt.
EP95400473A 1994-03-14 1995-03-03 Nagellackpinsel und Auflageeinheit Expired - Lifetime EP0673612B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9402945A FR2717057B1 (fr) 1994-03-14 1994-03-14 Pinceau de vernis à ongles et ensemble d'application de vernis à ongles muni d'un tel pinceau.
FR9402945 1994-03-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0673612A1 EP0673612A1 (de) 1995-09-27
EP0673612B1 true EP0673612B1 (de) 2000-09-20

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EP95400473A Expired - Lifetime EP0673612B1 (de) 1994-03-14 1995-03-03 Nagellackpinsel und Auflageeinheit

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US (2) US6176631B1 (de)
EP (1) EP0673612B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69518867T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2152369T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2717057B1 (de)

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ES2152369T3 (es) 2001-02-01
EP0673612A1 (de) 1995-09-27
US6210060B1 (en) 2001-04-03
DE69518867T2 (de) 2001-02-01
US6176631B1 (en) 2001-01-23
DE69518867D1 (de) 2000-10-26
FR2717057A1 (fr) 1995-09-15
FR2717057B1 (fr) 1996-04-12

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