EP0668436B1 - Tappet for a disconnectable valve of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Tappet for a disconnectable valve of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0668436B1
EP0668436B1 EP95101753A EP95101753A EP0668436B1 EP 0668436 B1 EP0668436 B1 EP 0668436B1 EP 95101753 A EP95101753 A EP 95101753A EP 95101753 A EP95101753 A EP 95101753A EP 0668436 B1 EP0668436 B1 EP 0668436B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coupling member
tappet according
tappet
valve stem
locking
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95101753A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0668436A1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Gruenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4444698A external-priority patent/DE4444698C2/en
Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Publication of EP0668436A1 publication Critical patent/EP0668436A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0668436B1 publication Critical patent/EP0668436B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0005—Deactivating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F01L1/143—Tappets; Push rods for use with overhead camshafts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/21—Elements
    • Y10T74/2101—Cams
    • Y10T74/2107—Follower

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plunger for a switchable valve according to the preamble of Claims 1 and 30.
  • Such a plunger is known for example from DE-A-29 52 037.
  • This coupling member can be moved hydraulically and designed as a hydraulically operated piston.
  • This coupling element works together with a locking element with which it is in at least one end position can be locked.
  • the locking element is either a hydraulically unlockable Piston or a spring-loaded ball in a recess on the coupling member intervention. By pressurizing the tappet or the coupling member at the same time the locking device is unlocked or overpressed.
  • the coupling member can be used accordingly unfavorable alignment of the valve stem relative to the bore of the coupling member take the valve with you, but only over part of the lifting height, from where from the valve undamped into the valve seat under the action of the valve spring strikes back, which causes disturbing noises and additional wear.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a generic plunger, the Coupling member is held securely and defined at least in one end position and with its bore or support surface always functional to the valve stem is aligned.
  • the main advantages achieved with the invention are the fact that the Locking element locks the coupling member in an end position in which the valve takes the first switch position. This blocking is only under the influence of a defined cam track area for movement of the coupling member, in such a way that the locking of the coupling member can be released by the valve stem.
  • the coupling member becomes when the piston is pressurized first moved to an intermediate position and then in a second Cam track area - the valve stem is now outside the bore of the Coupling link - the second end position of the coupling link becomes functional reached.
  • the locking element is simple in construction and will forced from the end of the valve stem depending on the second Cam track area actuated.
  • the tappet is in the first switching position of the valve and depending on the cam track area by means of the hold-down in one of the cams kept separate position, which reduces the friction between cam and tappet is reduced.
  • the bearing part is not only suitable for the piston, the coupling member and the Compression spring to take up constructively cheap, but it can also be in the plunger, which is constructed in the manner of a cup with a jacket part and cup base, light integrate.
  • the plunger which is constructed in the manner of a cup with a jacket part and cup base, light integrate.
  • the cup of the pestle Bearing section the bore for the piston and a guide section for the Integrate coupling member, the bearing section and the guide section Can be housing that is made in one piece with the cup.
  • this cup On the On the side facing the cam, this cup is provided with an insert that has a Includes holder for the adjustment plate. This use, for example, from consists of ferrous metal material, is provided with the locking element.
  • the Locking element has a cooperating with the stop of the coupling member Lock bolt on by a resilient tongue in the carrier plate of the insert is formed.
  • the locking of the coupling member can advantageously by interlocking parts of the coupling member and its guideway.
  • the lock can then be easily moved by moving the two Loosen components relative to each other (lifting through the valve stem).
  • the switching reliability of such a plunger can be significantly improved once again be when the coupling member in its other end position by a unlockable locking element is set. This ensures that the Switching process in both directions in a precisely defined period of time or takes place during a defined angular position of the cam and thus the Switching process is carried out safely and defined in a short time. Increased wear is excluded.
  • This second locking device is advantageous also unlockable through the valve stem, so that all switching functions without constructive interventions on the camshaft can take place. This is the use of Standard camshafts possible.
  • the tappets according to the invention come with the same installation space as conventional plungers without switching devices need. This additional locking device can be advantageously in the Integrate coupling element and its guideway, so that additional construction costs is avoided and a safe function with a few components is guaranteed.
  • An internal combustion engine has one in the area shown cylindrical plunger 1, which is assigned to a switchable valve 2 and by means of a camshaft 4 having a cam 3 is actuated.
  • the plunger 1 is in a bore 5 of a cylinder head 6 is inserted and is supported by a compression spring 7 from.
  • the valve 2 includes one with a valve seat 8 of the cylinder head 6 cooperating valve plate 9 and a valve stem 10 with a Valve spring plate 11 is provided. Is between valve spring plate 11 and cylinder head 6 a valve spring 12 is effective which holds the valve 2 in the closed position.
  • a device 13 is arranged within the plunger 1, with the two Switch positions for valve 2 are adjustable: first switch position SI (FIGS. 2 and 9), Valve 2 rests on valve seat 6: second switch position SII (Fig. 10), valve leads corresponding to those triggered by the cam 3 and the plunger 1 Alternating movements.
  • the device 13 is formed by a piston 14 and a coupling member 15, the in the first switching position SI (Fig. 7 and 8), the end position A (Fig. 8 and 9) and in the second switching position SII (Fig. 10) assumes the end position B (Fig. 10).
  • the piston 14 directly moves that designed as a slide Coupling member 15 from end position A to end position B by said piston on a Upright support surface 16 (Fig. 2) of the coupling member 15 engages.
  • a compression spring 18 At a spaced or distant from the support surface 16 of the support surface 17 Coupling member 15 is supported by a compression spring 18.
  • the compression spring 18 is looking for that To move coupling member 15 into position A; for this function is also a hydraulically operated piston conceivable.
  • the coupling member 15 has a bore 19 provided, in which the valve stem 10 in the end position A of the coupling member 15 immersed in the switching position SI of the valve 2 (Fig. 8 and 9).
  • the coupling member 15 On the Valve 2 facing side, the coupling member 15 is provided with a support surface 20.
  • the end 21 of the valve stem is supported on it when the coupling member 15 is is in end position B or a region close to this position (FIG. 10).
  • the piston 14 and the coupling member 15 are installed in a bearing part 22, the one in the radial direction of the plunger 1 extending bore 23 for the piston 14 and a Has recess 24 shown as a guide, in which the coupling member 15th relatively movable - end positions A and B (Fig. 9 and 10) - is mounted.
  • the piston 14 is acted upon by an opening 25 in the plunger 1 with hydraulic medium and acts, as described above, directly together with the coupling member 15.
  • the Ends of the compression spring 18 are from a pin 26 of the coupling member 15 or a bore 27 of the bearing part 22 is added.
  • the bearing part an opening 28 which is incorporated in a sliding web 29 of the bearing part 22.
  • the plunger 1 is constructed in the manner of a cylindrical cup 30, i.e. he comprises a jacket part 31 and a cup base 32, which is a short distance apart extends to a side 33 of the cup 30 adjacent to the cam 3 and as Recording 34 is formed for an adjustment plate 35.
  • the bearing part 22 is arranged within the thereby in the pestle 1 resulting relatively large space 36.
  • the Bearing part 22 can be designed as an insert, which can be arranged in space 36 with suitable means is attached.
  • the coupling member 15 is in the first end position A by means of a locking element 37 fixed (Fig. 9), if the piston 14 is depressurized, the valve 2 the first Switch position SI occupies and one over a cam base 38 and one Cam flank 39 extending cam track area NbI facing the plunger 1 or is effective on it.
  • a second cam track area NbII which is the cam tip 40, which on a longitudinal center plane intersecting the center Z of the camshaft 4 H-H of the cam 3 lies, includes and the first switching position SI of the valve stem 2 unlocks the valve stem 10 immersed in the bore 19 with its end 21 Locking element 37. This causes the piston 14 to be under pressure Coupling member 15 against the action of the compression spring 18 from the position A in the Position Zs moved.
  • the locking element 37 inserted between the cup base 32 and the bearing part 22 comprises a locking bolt 42 facing the end 21 of the valve stem 10, the spring and is angularly movable and with its locking bolt end 43 on a stop 44 of the Coupling member 15 is aligned (Fig. 9).
  • the end 21 of the valve stem 10 actuates the locking bolt 42 from the locking position E into the unlocking position F (Fig. 9 and 2) against the action of a spring 45.
  • the locking bolt 42 Angular movements in the area of the angle.
  • the locking element 37 On the locking bolt 42nd opposite side at 46, the locking element 37 is mounted hinge-like.
  • the coupling member 15 With the coupling member 15 is a hold-down 52, which the plunger 1 in the holds the first switching position SI of the valve 2 in position at a distance As on the valve 2 (FIG. 9).
  • the hold-down 52 which is integrally connected to the coupling member 15, has an extension 53 running parallel to the valve 2, at the free end of an Projection 54 is provided.
  • the projection 54 engages in the position Ni in which the Tappet 1 is held on the valve stem 10 by means of the hold-down device 52, in a groove 55 the valve stem 10 a.
  • the tappet 56 comprises a jacket part 57, which has a bearing section 58 for a bore 59 of a piston 60 and a guide section 61 for a Coupling member 62 is provided.
  • the bearing section 58 and the guide section 61 is provided on a carrier 63, the opposite regions 64 and 65 of the Sheath part 57 connects together.
  • the carrier 63 is radial extending webs 66, 67 supported against the jacket part 57.
  • the jacket part 57 is also on the side 68 facing a cam, not shown an insert 69 designed as a closing part.
  • the insert 69 is made of steel manufactured and protrudes into the jacket part 57 with a first collar 70.
  • At 71 is the collar 70 is caulked so that the insert 69 is positively held in position.
  • a second collar 72 extends in the opposite direction and forms together with a support plate 73, a receptacle 74 for an adjusting plate 75 Support plate 73, a locking element 75 is provided, which in the locked position E with a Locking bolt 76 is aligned with a stop 77 of the coupling member 62.
  • At 78 is a support track on which the locking bolt 76, the resilient tongue the support plate 73, rests when the valve 79 takes the circuit SI, the Piston 80 is pressurized against the action of the spring 81 and the Cam track area NbII abuts on the tappet 56; under these conditions is the Unlocked position F of the locking bolt 76 given (Fig. 3).
  • the piston 60 is depressurized in the first switching position SI and is hydraulic medium not effective and a valve stem 82 can be in a bore 83 of the coupling member 62 occur.
  • the valve 79 is shut down. But there is also the possibility that To design the coupling member 62 so that the valve stem 82 when the piston 80 is depressurized is supported on a support surface 84 of the coupling member 62: the valve 79 activated.
  • the valve when the piston is pressurized switched off and in the other end position of the Coupling element activated is the valve when the piston is pressurized switched off and in the other end position of the Coupling element activated.
  • this third differs Embodiment of the two previously described by an additional Locking device in which the coupling member also in its second end position is releasably locked.
  • the plunger 1 of this Embodiment is also in the form of a cup 30.
  • the piston 14 for Actuation of the coupling member 15 is in an extension projecting into the interior 85 of the jacket part 31 out.
  • the room 36 is at the bottom by a Guide plate 86 completed on a rotating stage 87 on the Bears against the inside of the jacket part 31.
  • This guide plate 86 has an opening 88 provided by the, with the appropriate position of the coupling member 15, the Valve stem 10 penetrates.
  • the side of the coupling member 15 facing Guide plate 86 is designed as a guide track 89 on which the Coupling member 15 sliding through the interaction of piston 14 and compression spring 18th can move.
  • a plate-shaped molded part 90 is also inserted into the space 36, that bears against the inside of the cup base 32. Of this molded part 90 is - Similar to the second embodiment - the locking bolt 76 as a resilient tongue punched out.
  • the molded part 90 further contains not shown Guideways in which the coupling member 15 is guided.
  • a lower portion 91 formed, which serves as an end stop for the Coupling member 15 is used. Is the coupling member 15, as shown in Fig. 11, on Section 91, the locking bolt 76 acts with the stop 77 of the coupling member 15 together. In this end position of the coupling member, the valve stem 10 can the opening 88 in the guide plate 86 into the bore 19 of the coupling member 15 immerse yourself.
  • the underside of the coupling member 15 facing the guide plate 86 is included provided an extension 92, the dimensions of this embodiment correspond approximately to those of the valve stem 10, and that of the one shown in FIG. 13 another end position of the coupling member 15 dips into the opening 88.
  • an extension 92 Through the resilient action of the locking bolt 76 on the top of the coupling member 15 rests, this is pressed against the guide track 89, so that when there is a corresponding Positioning of the extension 92 dips into the opening 88 and the coupling member 15 is lowered and held accordingly.
  • the coupling member 15 after pressurizing the piston 14 in In its first (right) end position, the valve is switched off.
  • the coupling member 15 is by the cooperation of the locking bolt 76 and the stop 77 against the Effect of the compression spring 18 held in this end position. If the piston 14 relieved, the coupling member 15 by the action of the compression spring 18 in his second (left) end position are pushed back, provided that the interlock between Locking bolt 76 and stop 77 on the coupling member 15 through the valve stem 10 analog to the previously described mode of operation is solved.
  • the coupling member 15 is about the intermediate position Zs pushed back into the (left) end position (Fig. 11 to 13).
  • the coupling member 15 If the coupling member 15 is in its second (left) end position (FIG. 13), it is pressed down by the resilient action of the locking bolt 76 that the extension 92 dips into the opening 88. In this position the Coupling member 15 of the piston 14 pressurized, the coupling member can only be moved until the extension 92 abuts the edge of the opening 88. In order to locking in this second end position is ensured.
  • the valve stem 10 abuts the coupling member 15 or the extension 92. The valve is activated. This Locking can also be released through the valve stem. As long as the cam 3 in Area of its base circle 38 cooperates with the adjusting plate 35 is located the plunger 1 in the position shown in Fig. 13.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Stößel für ein schaltbares Ventil nach dem Oberbegriff der Patentansprüche 1 und 30.The invention relates to a plunger for a switchable valve according to the preamble of Claims 1 and 30.

Ein derartiger Stößel ist beispielsweise aus der DE-A-29 52 037 bekannt. Diese beschreibt einen Stößel für ein schaltbares Ventil einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem innerhalb des Stößels verschieblichen Kupplungsglied, durch das das Ventil in einer ersten Schaltstellung abgeschaltet und in einer zweiten Schaltstellung zur Gaswechselsteuerung aktiviert ist. Dieses Kupplungsglied ist hydraulisch verschiebbar und dazu als hydraulisch betätigter Kolben ausgebildet. Dieses Kupplungsglied wirkt mit einem Sperrelement zusammen, mit dem es in zumindest einer Endstellung verriegelbar ist. Das Sperrelement ist dabei entweder ein hydraulisch entriegelbarer Kolben oder eine federbelastete Kugel, die in eine Vertiefung am Kupplungsglied eingreifen. Durch Druckbeaufschlagung des Stößels bzw. des Kupplungsgliedes wird gleichzeitig die Sperreinrichtung entriegelt bzw. überdrückt. Dabei besteht die Möglichkeit daß bei der Ventilerhebung und druckbeaufschlagtem Kolben zwischen Ventilschaft und Bohrung im Kupplungsglied keine eindeutige Lage festgelegt ist, was dazu führen kann, daß der Ventilschaft unter hoher verschleißträchtiger Reibung in diese Bohrung eintaucht. Außerdem kann das Kupplungsglied bei entsprechend ungünstiger Ausrichtung des Ventilschaftes relativ zur Bohrung des Kupplungsgliedes zwar das Ventil mitnehmen, jedoch nur über einen Teilbereich der Hubhöhe, von wo aus das Ventil unter der Wirkung der Ventilfeder in den Ventilsitz ungedämpft zurückschlägt, was stark störende Geräusche und zusätzlichen Verschleiß verursacht.Such a plunger is known for example from DE-A-29 52 037. This describes a plunger for a switchable valve of an internal combustion engine with a within the plunger movable coupling member, through which the valve in one first switch position switched off and in a second switch position Gas exchange control is activated. This coupling member can be moved hydraulically and designed as a hydraulically operated piston. This coupling element works together with a locking element with which it is in at least one end position can be locked. The locking element is either a hydraulically unlockable Piston or a spring-loaded ball in a recess on the coupling member intervention. By pressurizing the tappet or the coupling member at the same time the locking device is unlocked or overpressed. There is the Possibility that between the valve lift and the pressurized piston Valve stem and bore in the coupling link no clear location is what can lead to the valve stem in high wear-prone friction this hole dips. In addition, the coupling member can be used accordingly unfavorable alignment of the valve stem relative to the bore of the coupling member take the valve with you, but only over part of the lifting height, from where from the valve undamped into the valve seat under the action of the valve spring strikes back, which causes disturbing noises and additional wear.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, einen gattungsgemäßen Stößel zu schaffen, dessen Kupplungsglied sicher und definiert wenigstens in einer Endstellung gehalten wird und mit seiner Bohrung bzw. Stützfläche stets funktionsgerecht zum Ventilschaft ausgerichtet ist.The object of the invention is to provide a generic plunger, the Coupling member is held securely and defined at least in one end position and with its bore or support surface always functional to the valve stem is aligned.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 und 30 gelöst. This object is achieved with the characterizing features of Claims 1 and 30 solved.

Die mit der Erfindung hauptsächlich erzielten Vorteile sind darin zu sehen, daß das Sperrelement das Kupplungsglied in einer Endstellung sperrt, in der das Ventil eine erste Schaltstellung einnimmt. Diese Sperrung wird nur unter dem Einfluß eines definierten Nockenbahnbereichs zur Bewegung des Kupplungsglieds aufgehoben, dergestalt, daß die Sperrung des Kupplungsgliedes durch den Ventilschaft lösbar ist.The main advantages achieved with the invention are the fact that the Locking element locks the coupling member in an end position in which the valve takes the first switch position. This blocking is only under the influence of a defined cam track area for movement of the coupling member, in such a way that the locking of the coupling member can be released by the valve stem.

In vorteilhafter Weise wird dabei das Kupplungsglied bei druckbeaufschlagtem Kolben zunächst in eine Zwischenstellung bewegt und dann in einem zweiten Nockenbahnbereich - der Ventilschaft liegt jetzt außerhalb der Bohrung des Kupplungsgliedes - wird die zweite Endstellung des Kupplungsgliedes funktionsgerecht erreicht. Dadurch ist der Wechsel von der ersten Schaltstellung in die zweite Schaltstellung des Ventils geräusch- und verschleißarm sichergestellt. Die umgekehrte Bewegung bzw. Rückführung des Kupplungsglieds in die erste Endstellung erfolgt, sobald der Kolben drucklos ist. Das Sperrelement ist im Aufbau einfach und wird zwangsweise vom Ende des Ventilschafts in Abhängigkeit des zweiten Nockenbahnbereichs betätigt. Der Stößel wird in der ersten Schaltstellung des Ventils und abhängig vom Nockenbahnbereich mittels des Niederhalters in einer vom Nocken getrennten Lage gehalten, wodurch die Reibleistung zwischen Nocken und Stößel reduziert wird.In an advantageous manner, the coupling member becomes when the piston is pressurized first moved to an intermediate position and then in a second Cam track area - the valve stem is now outside the bore of the Coupling link - the second end position of the coupling link becomes functional reached. This makes the change from the first switch position to the second Switching position of the valve ensured low noise and low wear. The reverse Movement or return of the coupling member to the first end position, as soon as the piston is depressurized. The locking element is simple in construction and will forced from the end of the valve stem depending on the second Cam track area actuated. The tappet is in the first switching position of the valve and depending on the cam track area by means of the hold-down in one of the cams kept separate position, which reduces the friction between cam and tappet is reduced.

Das Lagerteil eignet sich nicht nur dafür, den Kolben, das Kupplungsglied und die Druckfeder konstruktiv günstig aufzunehmen, sondern es läßt sich auch in den Stößel, der nach Art einer Tasse mit Mantelteil und Tassenboden aufgebaut ist, leicht integrieren. Auch besteht die Möglichkeit, in der Tasse des Stößels in einem Lagerabschnitt die Bohrung für den Kolben und einen Führungsabschnitt für das Kupplungsglied zu integrieren, wobei der Lagerabschnitt und der Führungsabschnitt ein Gehäuse sein kann, das aus einem Stück mit der Tasse hergestellt ist. Auf der dem Nocken zugekehrten Seite ist diese Tasse mit einem Einsatz versehen, der eine Aufnahme für die Einstellplatte umfasst. Dieser Einsatz, der beispielsweise aus eisenmetallischem Werkstoff besteht, ist mit dem Sperrelement versehen. Das Sperrelement weist einen mit dem Anschlag des Kupplungsglieds zusammenwirkenden Sperriegel auf, der durch eine federnde Zunge in der Trägerplatte des Einsatzes gebildet wird.The bearing part is not only suitable for the piston, the coupling member and the Compression spring to take up constructively cheap, but it can also be in the plunger, which is constructed in the manner of a cup with a jacket part and cup base, light integrate. There is also the possibility of one in the cup of the pestle Bearing section the bore for the piston and a guide section for the Integrate coupling member, the bearing section and the guide section Can be housing that is made in one piece with the cup. On the On the side facing the cam, this cup is provided with an insert that has a Includes holder for the adjustment plate. This use, for example, from consists of ferrous metal material, is provided with the locking element. The Locking element has a cooperating with the stop of the coupling member Lock bolt on by a resilient tongue in the carrier plate of the insert is formed.

Die Verriegelung des Kupplungsgliedes kann auf vorteilhafte Weise durch ineinandergreifende Teile des Kupplungsgliedes und seiner Führungsbahn erfolgen. Die Verriegelung läßt sich dann auf einfache Weise durch Verschieben der beiden Bauelemente relativ zueinander (Anheben durch den Ventilschaft) lösen.The locking of the coupling member can advantageously by interlocking parts of the coupling member and its guideway. The lock can then be easily moved by moving the two Loosen components relative to each other (lifting through the valve stem).

Die Schaltsicherheit eines derartigen Stößels kann noch einmal wesentlich verbessert werden, wenn das Kupplungsglied auch in seiner anderen Endstellung durch ein entriegelbares Sperrelement festgelegt wird. Damit laßt sich sicherstellen, daß der Schaltvorgang in beide Richtungen jeweils in einer genau festgelegten Zeitspanne bzw. während einer definierten Winkelstellung des Nockens erfolgt und somit der Schaltvorgang sicher und definiert in kurzer Zeit ausgeführt wird. Erhöhter Verschleiß wird damit ausgeschlossen. Diese zweite Sperreinrichtung ist vorteilhafterweise ebenfalls durch den Ventilschaft entriegelbar, so daß sämtliche Schaltfunktionen ohne konstruktive Eingriffe an der Nockenwelle erfolgen können. Damit ist der Einsatz von Standardnockenwellen möglich. Die erfindungsgemäßen Stößel kommen mit dem gleichen Einbauraum aus, wie sie herkömmliche Stößel ohne Schaltvorrichtung benötigen. Diese zusätzliche Sperreinrichtung läßt sich auf vorteilhafte Weise in das Kupplungsglied und seine Führungsbahn integrieren, so daß zusätzlicher Bauaufwand vermieden wird und eine sichere Funktion mit wenigen Bauteilen gewährleistet ist.The switching reliability of such a plunger can be significantly improved once again be when the coupling member in its other end position by a unlockable locking element is set. This ensures that the Switching process in both directions in a precisely defined period of time or takes place during a defined angular position of the cam and thus the Switching process is carried out safely and defined in a short time. Increased wear is excluded. This second locking device is advantageous also unlockable through the valve stem, so that all switching functions without constructive interventions on the camshaft can take place. This is the use of Standard camshafts possible. The tappets according to the invention come with the same installation space as conventional plungers without switching devices need. This additional locking device can be advantageously in the Integrate coupling element and its guideway, so that additional construction costs is avoided and a safe function with a few components is guaranteed.

In der Zeichnung werden Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung gezeigt, die nachstehend näher beschrieben sind.
Es zeigen

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer Brennkraftmaschine im Bereich eines Nockentriebes,
Fig. 2
einen Teilquerschnitt einer Brennkraftmaschine im Bereich einer Nockenwelle mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Stößel,
Fig. 3
eine Teilansicht des erfindungsgemäßen Stößels in einer anderen Ausführungsform,
Fig. 4
einen Schnitt nach der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
einen Schnitt nach der Linie V-V der Fig. 3,
Fig. 6
eine Ansicht in Pfeilrichtung X der Fig. 5,
Fig. 7 bis 10
verschiedene Stellungen eines Nockens und des erfindungsgemäßen Stößels,
Fig. 11 bis 15
Schnitte durch den erfindungsgemäßen Stößel in einer dritten Ausführungsform in verschiedenen Stellungen.
In the drawing, exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown, which are described in more detail below.
Show it
Fig. 1
1 shows a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine in the area of a cam drive,
Fig. 2
1 shows a partial cross section of an internal combustion engine in the area of a camshaft with the tappet according to the invention,
Fig. 3
2 shows a partial view of the tappet according to the invention in another embodiment,
Fig. 4
a section along the line IV-IV of Fig. 3,
Fig. 5
4 shows a section along the line VV in FIG. 3,
Fig. 6
5 shows a view in the direction of the arrow X in FIG. 5,
7 to 10
different positions of a cam and the tappet according to the invention,
11 to 15
Cuts through the tappet according to the invention in a third embodiment in different positions.

Eine nicht näher gezeigte Brennkraftmaschine weist in dem dargestellten Bereich einen zylindrischen Stößel 1 auf, der einem schaltbaren Ventil 2 zugeordnet ist und mittels einer einen Nocken 3 aufweisenden Nockenwelle 4 betätigt wird. Der Stößel 1 ist in eine Bohrung 5 eines Zylinderkopfes 6 eingesetzt und stützt sich mit einer Druckfeder 7 ab. Das Ventil 2 umfasst einen mit einem Ventilsitz 8 des Zylinderkopfs 6 zusammenarbeitenden Ventilteller 9 sowie einen Ventilschaft 10, der mit einem Ventilfederteller 11 versehen ist. Zwischen Ventilfederteller 11 und Zylinderkopf 6 ist eine Ventilfeder 12 wirksam, die das Ventil 2 in der geschlossenen Stellung hält. Innerhalb des Stößels 1 ist eine Einrichtung 13 angeordnet, mit der zwei Schaltstellungen für das Ventil 2 einstellbar sind: Erste Schaltstellung SI (Fig. 2 und 9), Ventil 2 ruht am Ventilsitz 6: Zweite Schaltstellung SII (Fig. 10), Ventil führt entsprechend den durch den Nocken 3 und den Stößel 1 ausgelösten Wechselbewegungen Hubbewegungen aus.An internal combustion engine, not shown, has one in the area shown cylindrical plunger 1, which is assigned to a switchable valve 2 and by means of a camshaft 4 having a cam 3 is actuated. The plunger 1 is in a bore 5 of a cylinder head 6 is inserted and is supported by a compression spring 7 from. The valve 2 includes one with a valve seat 8 of the cylinder head 6 cooperating valve plate 9 and a valve stem 10 with a Valve spring plate 11 is provided. Is between valve spring plate 11 and cylinder head 6 a valve spring 12 is effective which holds the valve 2 in the closed position. A device 13 is arranged within the plunger 1, with the two Switch positions for valve 2 are adjustable: first switch position SI (FIGS. 2 and 9), Valve 2 rests on valve seat 6: second switch position SII (Fig. 10), valve leads corresponding to those triggered by the cam 3 and the plunger 1 Alternating movements.

Die Einrichtung 13 wird gebildet durch einen Kolben 14 und ein Kupplungsglied 15, das in der ersten Schaltstellung SI (Fig. 7 und 8) die Endstellung A (Fig. 8 und 9) und in der zweiten Schaltstellung SII (Fig. 10) die Endstellung B (Fig. 10) einnimmt. Anders ausgedrückt: Der Kolben 14 bewegt direkt das als Schieber ausgebildete Kupplungsglied 15 von Endstellung A in Endstellung B, indem besagter Kolben an einer aufrechten Stützfläche 16 (Fig. 2) des Kupplungsgliedes 15 angreift. An einer beabstandeten oder entfernt von der Stützfläche 16 liegenden Stützfläche 17 des Kupplungsgliedes 15 stützt sich eine Druckfeder 18 ab. Die Druckfeder 18 sucht das Kupplungsglied 15 in die Stellung A zu bewegen; für diese Funktion ist auch ein hydraulisch betätigter Kolben denkbar. Das Kupplungsglied 15 ist mit einer Bohrung 19 versehen, in die der Ventilschaft 10 in der Endstellung A des Kupplungsgliedes 15 eintaucht und zwar in der Schaltstellung SI des Ventils 2 (Fig. 8 und 9). Auf der dem Ventil 2 zugekehrten Seite ist das Kupplungsglied 15 mit einer Stützfläche 20 versehen. An ihr stützt sich das Ende 21 des Ventilschafts ab, wenn das Kupplungsglied 15 sich in Endstellung B bzw. einem dieser Stellung nahen Bereich befindet (Fig. 10). Der Kolben 14 und das Kupplungsglied 15 sind in ein Lagerteil 22 eingebaut, das eine in radialer Richtung des Stößels 1 verlaufende Bohrung 23 für den Kolben 14 und eine als Führung dargestellte Ausnehmung 24 aufweist, in der das Kupplungsglied 15 relativbeweglich - Endstellungen A und B (Fig. 9 und 10) - gelagert ist. Der Kolben 14 wird durch eine Öffnung 25 im Stößel 1 mit Hydraulikmedium beauschlagt und wirkt, wie weiter oben beschrieben, unmittelbar mit dem Kupplungsglied 15 zusammen. Die Enden der Druckfeder 18 werden von einem Zapfen 26 des Kupplungsgliedes 15 bzw. einer Bohrung 27 des Lagerteils 22 aufgenommen. Außerdem besitzt das Lagerteil eine Öffnung 28, die in einem Gleitsteg 29 des Lagerteils 22 eingearbeitet ist.The device 13 is formed by a piston 14 and a coupling member 15, the in the first switching position SI (Fig. 7 and 8), the end position A (Fig. 8 and 9) and in the second switching position SII (Fig. 10) assumes the end position B (Fig. 10). Different expressed: The piston 14 directly moves that designed as a slide Coupling member 15 from end position A to end position B by said piston on a Upright support surface 16 (Fig. 2) of the coupling member 15 engages. At a spaced or distant from the support surface 16 of the support surface 17 Coupling member 15 is supported by a compression spring 18. The compression spring 18 is looking for that To move coupling member 15 into position A; for this function is also a hydraulically operated piston conceivable. The coupling member 15 has a bore 19 provided, in which the valve stem 10 in the end position A of the coupling member 15 immersed in the switching position SI of the valve 2 (Fig. 8 and 9). On the Valve 2 facing side, the coupling member 15 is provided with a support surface 20. The end 21 of the valve stem is supported on it when the coupling member 15 is is in end position B or a region close to this position (FIG. 10). The piston 14 and the coupling member 15 are installed in a bearing part 22, the one in the radial direction of the plunger 1 extending bore 23 for the piston 14 and a Has recess 24 shown as a guide, in which the coupling member 15th relatively movable - end positions A and B (Fig. 9 and 10) - is mounted. The piston 14 is acted upon by an opening 25 in the plunger 1 with hydraulic medium and acts, as described above, directly together with the coupling member 15. The Ends of the compression spring 18 are from a pin 26 of the coupling member 15 or a bore 27 of the bearing part 22 is added. In addition, the bearing part an opening 28 which is incorporated in a sliding web 29 of the bearing part 22.

Der Stößel 1 gemäß Fig. 2 ist nach Art einer zylindrischen Tasse 30 aufgebaut, d.h. er umfasst ein Mantelteil 31 und einen Tassenboden 32, der sich mit geringem Abstand zu einer dem Nocken 3 benachbarten Seite 33 der Tasse 30 erstreckt und als Aufnahme 34 für eine Einstellplatte 35 ausgebildet ist. Innerhalb des dadurch im Stößel 1 entstehenden relativ großen Raumes 36 ist das Lagerteil 22 angeordnet. Das Lagerteil 22 kann als Einsatz ausgebildet sein, der mit geeigneten Mitteln im Raum 36 befestigt ist.The plunger 1 according to Fig. 2 is constructed in the manner of a cylindrical cup 30, i.e. he comprises a jacket part 31 and a cup base 32, which is a short distance apart extends to a side 33 of the cup 30 adjacent to the cam 3 and as Recording 34 is formed for an adjustment plate 35. Within the thereby in the pestle 1 resulting relatively large space 36, the bearing part 22 is arranged. The Bearing part 22 can be designed as an insert, which can be arranged in space 36 with suitable means is attached.

Das Kupplungsglied 15 wird mittels eines Sperrelements 37 in der ersten Endstellung A festgelegt (Fig. 9), sofern der Kolben 14 drucklos ist, das Ventil 2 die erste Schaltstellung SI einnimmt und ein sich über einen Nockengrundkreis 38 und eine Nockenflanke 39 verlaufender Nockenbahnbereich NbI dem Stößel 1 zugekehrt bzw. an ihm wirksam ist. In einen zweiten Nockenbahnbereich NbII, der die Nockenspitze 40, die auf einer das Zentrum Z der Nockenwelle 4 schneidenden Längsmittelebene H-H des Nockens 3 liegt, einschließt und der ersten Schaltstellung SI des Ventilschafts 2 entriegelt der in die Bohrung 19 eingetauchte Ventilschaft 10 mit seinem Ende 21 das Sperrelement 37. Dadurch wird bei druckbeaufschlagtem Kolben 14 das Kupplungsglied 15 gegen die Wirkung der Druckfeder 18 aus der Stellung A in die Stellung Zs bewegt. Dies wird dadurch erreicht, daß der Durchmesser Bd der Bohrung 19 größer ist als der Durchmesser Vd des Ventilschafts 10 bzw. die Bohrung 19 mit Exzentrizität Ex zum Ventilschaft 10 verläuft. Sobald der Ventilschaft 10 die Bohrung 19 freigibt, indem der Nockenbahnbereich NbI mit dem Nockengrundkreis 38 dem Stößel 1 zugekehrt ist, wird das Kupplungsglied 15 in die zweite Endstellung B bewegt. Ist der Kolben 15 drucklos, wird vermittels der Druckfeder 18 das Kupplungsglied 14 in seine erste Endstellung A zurückgeführt.The coupling member 15 is in the first end position A by means of a locking element 37 fixed (Fig. 9), if the piston 14 is depressurized, the valve 2 the first Switch position SI occupies and one over a cam base 38 and one Cam flank 39 extending cam track area NbI facing the plunger 1 or is effective on it. In a second cam track area NbII, which is the cam tip 40, which on a longitudinal center plane intersecting the center Z of the camshaft 4 H-H of the cam 3 lies, includes and the first switching position SI of the valve stem 2 unlocks the valve stem 10 immersed in the bore 19 with its end 21 Locking element 37. This causes the piston 14 to be under pressure Coupling member 15 against the action of the compression spring 18 from the position A in the Position Zs moved. This is achieved in that the diameter Bd of the bore 19 is larger than the diameter Vd of the valve stem 10 or the bore 19 with Eccentricity Ex extends to the valve stem 10. As soon as the valve stem 10 bores the 19th releases by the cam track area NbI with the cam base circle 38 the tappet 1 is turned, the coupling member 15 is moved into the second end position B. Is the Piston 15 depressurized, the clutch member 14 is in its by means of the compression spring 18 first end position A returned.

Das zwischen Tassenboden 32 und Lagerteil 22 eingesetzte Sperrelement 37 umfasst einen dem Ende 21 des Ventilschafts 10 zugekehrten Sperriegel 42, der feder- und winkelbeweglich ist und mit seinem Sperriegelende 43 auf einen Anschlag 44 des Kupplungsgliedes 15 ausgerichtet ist (Fig. 9). Das Ende 21 des Ventilschafts 10 betätigt den Sperriegel 42 aus der Sperrstellung E in die Entriegelstellung F (Fig. 9 und 2) gegen die Wirkung einer Feder 45. Hierbei führt der Sperriegel 42 Winkelbewegungen im Bereich des Winkels aus. Auf der dem Sperriegel 42 abgekehrten Seite bei 46 ist das Sperrelement 37 scharnierartig gelagert. Hierbei hintergreift eine Abwinkelung 47 des Sperriegels 42 eine Nase 48 des Kupplungsgliedes 15, wobei für Schwenkbewegungen des Sperrelements 37 im Tassenboden 31 eine Ausnehmung 50 vorgesehen ist. In der Entriegelstellung F (Fig. 2) liegt der Sperriegel 42 auf einer Stützbahn 51 des Kupplungsgliedes 15 auf, die mit parallelem Abstand J zum Tassenboden 31 verläuft.The locking element 37 inserted between the cup base 32 and the bearing part 22 comprises a locking bolt 42 facing the end 21 of the valve stem 10, the spring and is angularly movable and with its locking bolt end 43 on a stop 44 of the Coupling member 15 is aligned (Fig. 9). The end 21 of the valve stem 10 actuates the locking bolt 42 from the locking position E into the unlocking position F (Fig. 9 and 2) against the action of a spring 45. Here, the locking bolt 42 Angular movements in the area of the angle. On the locking bolt 42nd opposite side at 46, the locking element 37 is mounted hinge-like. Here engages behind a bend 47 of the locking bolt 42 a nose 48 of the Coupling member 15, wherein for pivoting movements of the locking element 37 in Cup bottom 31 a recess 50 is provided. In the unlocked position F (Fig. 2) the locking bolt 42 rests on a support track 51 of the coupling member 15, which with parallel distance J to the cup bottom 31 runs.

Mit dem Kupplungsglied 15 verbunden ist ein Niederhalter 52, der den Stößel 1 in der ersten Schaltstellung SI des Ventils 2 mit Abstand As am Ventil 2 in Lage hält (Fig. 9). Der Niederhalter 52, der einstückig mit dem Kupplungsglied 15 verbunden ist, weist eine parallel zum Ventil 2 verlaufende Verlängerung 53 auf, an deren freiem Ende ein Vorsprung 54 vorgesehen ist. Der Vorsprung 54 greift in der Position Ni, in der der Stößel 1 am Ventilschaft 10 mittels des Niederhalters 52 gehalten ist, in eine Nut 55 des Ventilschafts 10 ein.With the coupling member 15 is a hold-down 52, which the plunger 1 in the holds the first switching position SI of the valve 2 in position at a distance As on the valve 2 (FIG. 9). The hold-down 52, which is integrally connected to the coupling member 15, has an extension 53 running parallel to the valve 2, at the free end of an Projection 54 is provided. The projection 54 engages in the position Ni in which the Tappet 1 is held on the valve stem 10 by means of the hold-down device 52, in a groove 55 the valve stem 10 a.

Der Stößel 56 umfasst gemäß Fig. 3 ein Mantelteil 57, das mit einem Lagerabschnitt 58 für eine Bohrung 59 eines Kolbens 60 und eines Führungsabschnitts 61 für ein Kupplungsglied 62 versehen ist. Der Lagerabschnitt 58 und der Führungsabschnitt 61 ist an einem Träger 63 vorgesehen, der gegenüberliegende Bereiche 64 und 65 des Mantelteils 57 miteinander verbindet. Darüber hinaus ist der Träger 63 mit radial verlaufenden Stegen 66, 67 gegenüber dem Mantelteil 57 abgestützt.According to FIG. 3, the tappet 56 comprises a jacket part 57, which has a bearing section 58 for a bore 59 of a piston 60 and a guide section 61 for a Coupling member 62 is provided. The bearing section 58 and the guide section 61 is provided on a carrier 63, the opposite regions 64 and 65 of the Sheath part 57 connects together. In addition, the carrier 63 is radial extending webs 66, 67 supported against the jacket part 57.

Auf der einem nicht gezeigten Nocken zugekehrten Seite 68 ist das Mantelteil 57 mit einem als Schließteil ausgebildeten Einsatz 69 versehen. Der Einsatz 69 ist aus Stahl hergestellt und ragt mit einem ersten Kragen 70 in das Mantelteil 57 hinein. Bei 71 ist der Kragen 70 verstemmt, so daß der Einsatz 69 formschlüssig in Lage gehalten wird. Ein zweiter Kragen 72 erstreckt sich in die entgegengesetzte Richtung und bildet zusammen mit einer Tragplatte 73 eine Aufnahme 74 für eine Einstellplatte 75. An der Tragplatte 73 ist ein Sperrelement 75 vorgesehen, das in der Sperrstellung E mit einem Sperriegel 76 auf einen Anschlag 77 des Kupplungsgliedes 62 ausgerichtet ist. Mit 78 ist eine Stützbahn bezeichnet, auf der der Sperriegel 76, der eine federnde Zunge der Tragplatte 73 ist, aufliegt, wenn das Ventil 79 die Schaltung SI einnimmt, der Kolben 80 gegen die Wirkung der Feder 81 druckbeaufschlagt ist und der Nockenbahnbereich NbII am Stößel 56 anliegt; unter diesen Voraussetzungen ist die Entriegelstellung F des Sperriegels 76 gegeben (Fig. 3).The jacket part 57 is also on the side 68 facing a cam, not shown an insert 69 designed as a closing part. The insert 69 is made of steel manufactured and protrudes into the jacket part 57 with a first collar 70. At 71 is the collar 70 is caulked so that the insert 69 is positively held in position. A second collar 72 extends in the opposite direction and forms together with a support plate 73, a receptacle 74 for an adjusting plate 75 Support plate 73, a locking element 75 is provided, which in the locked position E with a Locking bolt 76 is aligned with a stop 77 of the coupling member 62. At 78 is a support track on which the locking bolt 76, the resilient tongue the support plate 73, rests when the valve 79 takes the circuit SI, the Piston 80 is pressurized against the action of the spring 81 and the Cam track area NbII abuts on the tappet 56; under these conditions is the Unlocked position F of the locking bolt 76 given (Fig. 3).

In Fig. 3 ist der Kolben 60 in der ersten Schaltstellung SI drucklos, Hydraulikmedium ist nicht wirksam und ein Ventilschaft 82 kann in eine Bohrung 83 des Kupplungsgliedes 62 eintreten. Das Ventil 79 ist stillgelegt. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, das Kupplungsglied 62 so zu gestalten, daß bei drucklosem Kolben 80 der Ventilschaft 82 sich an einer Stützfläche 84 des Kupplungsgliedes 62 abstützt: das Ventil 79 ist aktiviert.3, the piston 60 is depressurized in the first switching position SI and is hydraulic medium not effective and a valve stem 82 can be in a bore 83 of the coupling member 62 occur. The valve 79 is shut down. But there is also the possibility that To design the coupling member 62 so that the valve stem 82 when the piston 80 is depressurized is supported on a support surface 84 of the coupling member 62: the valve 79 activated.

Bei der in den Figuren 11 bis 15 beschriebenen dritten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Stößels ist das Ventil bei druckbeaufschlagtem Kolben abgeschaltet und bei drucklosem Kolben in der anderen Endstellung des Kupplungsgliedes aktiviert. Darüber hinaus unterscheidet sich diese dritte Ausführungsform von den beiden zuvor beschriebenen durch eine zusätzliche Sperreinrichtung, in der das Kupplungsglied in seiner zweiten Endstellung ebenfalls lösbar verriegelt ist. Zur Vereinfachung und zur besseren Verdeutlichung der Erfindung sind gleiche bzw. gleichartige Bauelemente mit den entsprechenden Bezugszeichen der vorher beschriebenen Ausführungsformen versehen. Der Stößel 1 dieser Ausführungsform ist ebenfalls in Form einer Tasse 30 ausgebildet. Der Kolben 14 zur Betätigung des Kupplungsgliedes 15 ist in einem in den Innenraum ragenden Fortsatz 85 des Mantelteils 31 geführt. Der Raum 36 wird an seiner Unterseite durch eine Führungsplatte 86 abgeschlossen, die an einer umlaufenden Stufe 87 an der Innenseite des Mantelteils 31 anliegt. Diese Führungsplatte 86 ist mit einer Öffnung 88 versehen, durch die, bei entsprechender Stellung des Kupplungsgliedes 15, der Ventilschaft 10 dringt. Die dem Kupplungsglied 15 zugewandte Seite der Führungsplatte 86 ist als Führungsbahn 89 ausgebildet, auf der sich das Kupplungsglied 15 gleitend durch Zusammenwirken von Kolben 14 und Druckfeder 18 bewegen läßt. In den Raum 36 ist weiterhin ein tellerförmiges Formteil 90 eingesetzt, das an der innenseite des Tassenbodens 32 anliegt. Von diesem Formteil 90 ist - ähnlich wie beim zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel - der Sperriegel 76 als federnde Zunge ausgestanzt. Das Formteil 90 enthält weiterhin nicht näher dargestellte Führungsbahnen, in denen das Kupplungsglied 15 geführt ist. Weiterhin ist am Formteil 90 ein tiefergestellter Abschnitt 91 ausgebildet, der als Endanschlag für das Kupplungsglied 15 dient. Liegt das Kupplungsglied 15, wie in Fig. 11 dargestellt, am Abschnitt 91 an, wirkt der Sperriegel 76 mit dem Anschlag 77 des Kupplungsgliedes 15 zusammen. In dieser Endstellung des Kupplungsgliedes kann der Ventilschaft 10 durch die Öffnung 88 in der Führungsplatte 86 in die Bohrung 19 des Kupplungsgliedes 15 eintauchen.In the third embodiment of the Tappet according to the invention is the valve when the piston is pressurized switched off and in the other end position of the Coupling element activated. In addition, this third differs Embodiment of the two previously described by an additional Locking device in which the coupling member also in its second end position is releasably locked. To simplify and better clarify the invention are the same or similar components with the corresponding reference numerals of the previously described embodiments. The plunger 1 of this Embodiment is also in the form of a cup 30. The piston 14 for Actuation of the coupling member 15 is in an extension projecting into the interior 85 of the jacket part 31 out. The room 36 is at the bottom by a Guide plate 86 completed on a rotating stage 87 on the Bears against the inside of the jacket part 31. This guide plate 86 has an opening 88 provided by the, with the appropriate position of the coupling member 15, the Valve stem 10 penetrates. The side of the coupling member 15 facing Guide plate 86 is designed as a guide track 89 on which the Coupling member 15 sliding through the interaction of piston 14 and compression spring 18th can move. A plate-shaped molded part 90 is also inserted into the space 36, that bears against the inside of the cup base 32. Of this molded part 90 is - Similar to the second embodiment - the locking bolt 76 as a resilient tongue punched out. The molded part 90 further contains not shown Guideways in which the coupling member 15 is guided. Furthermore is on the molding 90 a lower portion 91 formed, which serves as an end stop for the Coupling member 15 is used. Is the coupling member 15, as shown in Fig. 11, on Section 91, the locking bolt 76 acts with the stop 77 of the coupling member 15 together. In this end position of the coupling member, the valve stem 10 can the opening 88 in the guide plate 86 into the bore 19 of the coupling member 15 immerse yourself.

Die der Führungsplatte 86 zugewandte Unterseite des Kupplungsgliedes 15 ist mit einem Fortsatz 92 versehen, dessen Abmessungen in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel etwa denen des Ventilschaftes 10 entsprechen, und der bei der in Fig. 13 dargestellten anderen Endstellung des Kupplungsgliedes 15 in die Öffnung 88 eintaucht. Durch die federnde Wirkung des Sperriegels 76, der auf der Oberseite des Kupplungsgliedes 15 aufliegt, wird dieses an die Führungsbahn 89 gedrückt, so daß bei entsprechender Positionierung der Fortsatz 92 in die Öffnung 88 eintaucht und das Kupplungsglied 15 entsprechend abgesenkt und gehalten wird.The underside of the coupling member 15 facing the guide plate 86 is included provided an extension 92, the dimensions of this embodiment correspond approximately to those of the valve stem 10, and that of the one shown in FIG. 13 another end position of the coupling member 15 dips into the opening 88. Through the resilient action of the locking bolt 76 on the top of the coupling member 15 rests, this is pressed against the guide track 89, so that when there is a corresponding Positioning of the extension 92 dips into the opening 88 and the coupling member 15 is lowered and held accordingly.

FunktionsbeschreibungFunctional description

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung des Schaltvorganges erfolgt am Beispiel der ersten Ausführungsform, gilt aber in analoger Weise auch für die anderen Ausführungsformen.The following description of the switching process is based on the example of the first Embodiment, but applies analogously to the other embodiments.

Sofern der Nockenbahnbereich NbII bzw. die Nockenspitze 40 den Stößel 1 in seine maximal untere Hubstellung HU bewegt - Fig. 8 - und das Ventil 2 sich in der stillgelegten Schaltstellung SI befindet, wird der Sperriegel 42 vom Ende 21 des Ventilschafts 10 in die Entriegelstellung F bewegt. Liegt jetzt am Kolben 14 kein Druck an, so hält die Druckfeder 18 das Kupplungsglied in der Endstellung A. Bei der folgenden Teildrehung des Nockens in die beispielsweise in der Fig. 9 dargestellte Stellung liegt der Stößel 1 - bei nicht vorhandenem Niederhalter 52 - am Nockenbahnbereich NbI an, wodurch der Ventilschaft 10 aus der Bohrung 19 austritt. Ist das Kupplungsglied 15 mit dem Niederhalter 52 ausgestattet, nimmt der Stößel 1 eine zum Nocken 3 beabstandete reibungsreduzierte Lage As ein.If the cam track area NbII or the cam tip 40 the plunger 1 in its maximum lower stroke position HU moves - Fig. 8 - and the valve 2 in the closed switch position SI, the locking bolt 42 from the end 21 of the Valve stem 10 moved into the unlocked position F. There is now no pressure on the piston 14 on, the compression spring 18 holds the coupling member in the end position A. At the following partial rotation of the cam into that shown, for example, in FIG. 9 Position is the plunger 1 - if there is no hold-down 52 - on Cam track area NbI, whereby the valve stem 10 emerges from the bore 19. If the coupling member 15 is equipped with the hold-down device 52, the plunger 1 a friction-reduced layer As spaced apart from the cam 3.

Wird der Kolben 14 druckbeaufschlagt und liegt der Nockenbahnbereich NbII bzw. die Nockenspitze 40 am Stößel 1 an (Fig. 8) und befindet sich darüber hinaus das Ventil 2 in der Schaltstellung SI, wird der Sperriegel 42 vom Ende 21 des Ventilschafts 10 erneut in die Entriegelstellung F bewegt und das Kupplungsglied 15 über den Kolben 14 zunächst in die Zwischenstellung Zs (Fig. 2 und 7) gebracht, in der das Kupplungsglied 15 am Ventilschaft 10 anliegt; der Niederhalter 52 ist ausgerückt. Der Sperriegel 42 liegt nun auf der Stützbahn 51 auf, das Kupplungsglied 15 ist also entriegelt. Sobald der Ventilschaft in vollem Umfang aus der Bohrung 19 herausgeführt ist (Fig. 2 und 7), gleitet das Kupplungsglied 15 frei, d.h. ohne Reibschluß mit dem Ende 21 des Ventilschafts 10 und über den Nockengrundkreis 38 oder einen Teilbereich davon auf dem Gleitsteg 29 aus der Zwischenstellung Zs in die zweite Endstellung B. Nunmehr stützt sich das Ende 21 an der Stützfläche 20 ab. Das Ventil 2 ist in Schaltstellung SII (Fig. 10) und die Druckfeder 18 ist maximal gespannt.If the piston 14 is pressurized and the cam track area NbII or Cam tip 40 on plunger 1 (Fig. 8) and there is also valve 2 in the switch position SI, the locking bolt 42 is removed from the end 21 of the valve stem 10 again moved into the unlocking position F and the coupling member 15 via the piston 14 first brought into the intermediate position Zs (Fig. 2 and 7), in which the Coupling member 15 abuts the valve stem 10; the hold-down device 52 is disengaged. Of the Locking bolt 42 now lies on the support track 51, so the coupling member 15 is unlocked. As soon as the valve stem is fully guided out of the bore 19 2 and 7), the coupling member 15 slides freely, i.e. without friction with the End 21 of the valve stem 10 and over the cam base circle 38 or one Part of it on the slide web 29 from the intermediate position Zs to the second End position B. The end 21 is now supported on the support surface 20. The valve 2 is in switch position SII (Fig. 10) and the compression spring 18 is maximally tensioned.

Ist der Kolben 14 drucklos, bewegt die Druckfeder 18 das Kupplungsglied 15 wieder in die Endstellung A zurück.If the piston 14 is depressurized, the compression spring 18 moves the coupling member 15 back in the end position A back.

Befindet sich bei der dritten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Stößels gemäß Figuren 11 bis 15 das Kupplungsglied 15 nach Druckbeaufschlagung des Kolbens 14 in seiner ersten (rechten) Endstellung, ist das Ventil abgeschaltet. Das Kupplungsglied 15 wird durch Zusammenwirken des Sperriegels 76 und des Anschlages 77 gegen die Wirkung der Druckfeder 18 in dieser Endstellung gehalten. Wird der Kolben 14 entlastet, kann das Kupplungsglied 15 durch die Wirkung der Druckfeder 18 in seine zweite (linke) Endstellung zurückgeschoben werden, sofern die Verriegelung zwischen Sperriegel 76 und Anschlag 77 am Kupplungsglied 15 durch den Ventilschaft 10 analog zur zuvor beschriebenen Funktionsweise gelöst wird. Das Kupplungsglied 15 wird über die Zwischenstellung Zs in die (linke) Endstellung zurückgeschoben (Fig. 11 bis 13). Befindet sich das Kupplungsglied 15 in seiner zweiten (linken) Endstellung (Fig. 13), wird es durch die federnde Wirkung des Sperriegels 76 so nach unten gedrückt, daß der Fortsatz 92 in die Öffnung 88 eintaucht. Wird in dieser Stellung des Kupplungsgliedes 15 der Kolben 14 druckbeaufschlagt, kann das Kupplungsglied nur so weit verschoben werden, bis der Fortsatz 92 am Rand der Öffnung 88 anliegt. Damit ist eine Verriegelung in dieser zweiten Endstellung gewährleistet. Der Ventilschaft 10 liegt am Kupplungsglied 15 bzw. am Fortsatz 92 an. Das Ventil ist aktiviert. Diese Verriegelung ist ebenfalls durch den Ventilschaft lösbar. Solange der Nocken 3 im Bereich seines Grundkreises 38 mit der Einstellplatte 35 zusammenwirkt, befindet sich der Stößel 1 in der in Fig. 13 dargestellten Position. Durch Auflaufen der Nockenflanke 39 auf die Einstellplatte 15 wird der Stößel in die in Fig. 14 dargestellte Lage gedrückt, bis das Kupplungsglied 15 durch den die Öffnung 88 durchdringenden Ventilschaft 10 gegen die federnde Wirkung des Sperriegels 76 zur Anlage an den Tassenboden 32 gedrückt wird. Der Fortsatz 92 befindet sich vollständig außerhalb der Öffnung 88. Das Kupplungsglied 15 wird aufgrund der auftretenden Reibkräfte während des aufsteigenden und nahezu des gesamten absteigenden Teils des Zusammenwirkens von Nockenflanke 39 und Einstellplatte 35 in dieser Lage festgehalten. Im anschließenden Übergangsbereich von Nockenflanke 39 zum Grundkreis 38 kann bei entsprechend anliegendem Druck am Kolben 14 dieser das Kupplungsglied 15 gegen die Wirkung der Druckfeder 18 nach rechts verschieben, so daß der Fortsatz 92 vom Ende des Ventilschafts 10 auf die Führungsbahn 89 verschoben wird, bis das Kupplungsglied 15 am Abschnitt 91 des Formteils 90 zur Anlage kommt, der Sperriegel 76 das Kupplungsglied 15 verriegelt und das Ventil wieder abgeschaltet ist.Is in accordance with the third embodiment of the tappet according to the invention Figures 11 to 15, the coupling member 15 after pressurizing the piston 14 in In its first (right) end position, the valve is switched off. The coupling member 15 is by the cooperation of the locking bolt 76 and the stop 77 against the Effect of the compression spring 18 held in this end position. If the piston 14 relieved, the coupling member 15 by the action of the compression spring 18 in his second (left) end position are pushed back, provided that the interlock between Locking bolt 76 and stop 77 on the coupling member 15 through the valve stem 10 analog to the previously described mode of operation is solved. The coupling member 15 is about the intermediate position Zs pushed back into the (left) end position (Fig. 11 to 13). If the coupling member 15 is in its second (left) end position (FIG. 13), it is pressed down by the resilient action of the locking bolt 76 that the extension 92 dips into the opening 88. In this position the Coupling member 15 of the piston 14 pressurized, the coupling member can only be moved until the extension 92 abuts the edge of the opening 88. In order to locking in this second end position is ensured. The valve stem 10 abuts the coupling member 15 or the extension 92. The valve is activated. This Locking can also be released through the valve stem. As long as the cam 3 in Area of its base circle 38 cooperates with the adjusting plate 35 is located the plunger 1 in the position shown in Fig. 13. By running up the cam flank 39, the plunger is pressed into the position shown in FIG. 14 on the setting plate 15, until the coupling member 15 through the valve stem 10 penetrating the opening 88 against the resilient action of the locking bolt 76 for contacting the cup base 32 is pressed. The extension 92 is located completely outside of the opening 88 Coupling member 15 is due to the friction forces occurring during the ascending and almost the entire descending part of the interaction held by cam flank 39 and adjusting plate 35 in this position. in the subsequent transition area from the cam flank 39 to the base circle 38 can be at corresponding to the pressure applied to the piston 14 against the coupling member 15 move the action of the compression spring 18 to the right so that the extension 92 from End of the valve stem 10 is moved to the guide track 89 until that Coupling member 15 comes to rest on section 91 of molded part 90, the locking bolt 76 the coupling member 15 is locked and the valve is switched off again.

Es ist darüber hinaus auch möglich, die Verriegelung mit Fortsatz 92 und Öffnung 88 alz einzige Verriegelung in nur einer Endstellung des Kupplungsgliedes 15 (Ventil aktiviert oder Ventil abgeschaltet) analog zu den beiden ersten Ausführungsbeispielen anzuwenden.It is also possible to lock with extension 92 and opening 88 alz only locking in only one end position of the coupling member 15 (valve activated or valve switched off) analogous to the first two exemplary embodiments to apply.

Wird der Stößel an sämtlichen Ventilen einer Zylinderreihe einer Brennkraftmaschine vorgesehen, die z.B. zwei Zylinderreihen umfasst, so kann diese Zylinderreihe in Abhängigkeit von Brennkraftmaschinenparametern zu- und abgeschaltet werden, was sich auf den Kraftstoffverbrauch und die Abgasemission günstig auswirkt. Andererseits besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, einzelne Ventile von Zylindern abzuschalten, die mehr als zwei Ventile für Aus- und Einlaß-multipele Ventilanordnung umfasst.Is the tappet on all valves in a cylinder bank of an internal combustion engine provided that e.g. comprises two rows of cylinders, this row of cylinders can be in Dependence on internal combustion engine parameters can be switched on and off what has a favorable effect on fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions. On the other hand but there is also the possibility to switch off individual valves of cylinders that includes more than two valves for exhaust and inlet multiple valve assembly.

Claims (36)

  1. A tappet (1; 79) for a switchable valve (2) of an internal-combustion engine with a device which comprises an hydraulically actuated piston (14; 60) and a coupling member (15; 62) actuated by the piston (14; 60) and by which device the valve (2) is switched off in a first switching position and is activated for gas-exchange control in a second switching position, wherein the tappet (1; 79) cooperates with a cam (39) on a camshaft (4) and a locking member (37; 76) is associated with the coupling member (15; 62), characterized in that the locking member (37; 76) cooperates with the valve stem (10; 82) in such a way that in a defined cam-path area (NbII) the locking member (37; 76) is unlocked in the state of the valve stem (10; 82) inserted into a bore (19; 83) of the coupling member (15; 62).
  2. A tappet according to Claim 1, characterized in that in a first cam-path area (NbI) and in one of the switching positions (SI) of the valve (2; 79) the coupling member (15; 62) is fixed in a first end position (A) by the locking member (37, 76), whereas the locking member (37; 76) is actuated in a second cam-path area (NbII) in this switching position (SI) by the valve stem (10; 82), as a result of which the coupling member (15; 62) is moved by the cooperation of a piston (14; 80) - which can be acted upon with pressure - and the action of a spring (compression spring 18; 81) from a first end position (A) first into an intermediate position (Zs) and in the following first cam-path area (NbI) into a second end position (B), from which it is returned in the first cam-path area (NbI) into the first end position (A) with an opposite cooperation of the piston (14; 79) and the spring (compression spring 18; 81).
  3. A tappet according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking member (37; 76) embraces a locking bolt (42; 76) which faces one end (41) of the valve stem (10; 81) and which is resilient and movable in an angular manner and is orientated with one end (43) thereof towards a stop (44, 77) of the coupling member (15; 62).
  4. A tappet according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that in the second cam-path area (NbII) the locking bolt (42; 76) is moved from a locking position (E) into an unlocking position (F) by the end (21) of the valve stem (10, 82) inserted into the bore (19; 83) of the coupling member (15; 62).
  5. A tappet according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the coupling member (15, 62) has spaced support faces (16, 17) on which the piston (14, 60) and the compression spring (18, 81) are supported.
  6. A tappet according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the tappet (1) is fixed in the first switching position (SI) by means of a holding-down means (52) cooperating with the valve stem (10).
  7. A tappet according to Claim 6, characterized in that the holding-down means (52) projects with a projection (54) into a groove (55) in the valve stem (10).
  8. A tappet according to Claim 6, characterized in that the holding-down means (52) is produced integrally with the coupling member (15).
  9. A tappet according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the diameter (Bd) of the bore (19; 83) for the valve stem (10; 82) in the coupling member (14; 62) for reaching the intermediate position (Zs) is larger than the diameter (Vd) of the valve stem (10; 82).
  10. A tappet according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the locking member (37) is mounted with an angle member (47) in the manner of a hinge on the side remote from the locking bolt (42).
  11. A tappet according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the coupling member (15) is inserted into a mounting part (22) which has a bore (23) for the piston (14) and a slide plate (29) for the coupling member (15), the slide plate (29) being provided with an opening (28) for the valve stem (10).
  12. A tappet according to Claim 11, characterized in that the end of the compression spring (18) cooperates with receiving means (pin 26 and opening 27) of the coupling member (15) and the mounting part (22).
  13. A tappet according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the tappet (1) is constructed in the manner of a cup (30) and comprises a jacket part (31) and a cup base (32), which cup base (32) is constructed in the form of a receiving means (34) for an adjustment plate (35) on the side (33) facing the cam (3), wherein the mounting part (22) with the piston (14), the locking member (37), the coupling member (15) and the compression spring (18) is inserted in a space (36).
  14. A tappet according to Claim 13, characterized in that the locking member (37) is arranged between the cup base (32) and the coupling member (15).
  15. A tappet according to Claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the coupling member (15) has a support path (51) for the locking bolt (42) which extends at a distance (J) from the cup base (32).
  16. A tappet according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a jacket part (57) with a mounting portion (58) for the bore (59) of the piston (60) and a guide portion (61) for the coupling member (62).
  17. A tappet according to Claim 16, characterized in that the mounting portion (58) and the guide portion (61) are produced integrally with the jacket part (57).
  18. A tappet according to Claim 17, characterized in that the mounting portion (58) and the guide portion (61) are provided on a support (63) which connects opposed areas (64, 65) of the jacket.
  19. A tappet according to Claim 18, characterized in that the support (63) is supported with respect to the jacket part (57) by means of webs (66, 67).
  20. A tappet according to one of Claims 16 to 19, characterized in that the side (68) of the jacket part (57) facing the cam has an insert (69) with a receiving means (74) for the adjustment plate (75).
  21. A tappet according to Claim 20, characterized in that the insert (69) is provided in the region of a support plate (73) for the adjustment plate (75) with the locking member (76) constructed in the form of a resilient tongue.
  22. A tappet according to Claim 20 or 21, characterized in that the insert (69) consists of a ferrous metal material.
  23. A tappet according to one of Claims 2 to 22, characterized in that in its second end position (B) the coupling member (15; 62) cooperates with an additional locking device (88, 92) which can likewise be unlocked by the valve stem (10; 82).
  24. A tappet according to Claim 23, characterized in that the coupling member (15; 62) is displaceable on a guide path (89) and can be lifted by the valve stem (10; 82) substantially at a right angle thereto, and the second locking device (88, 92) is formed by releasably interlocking parts of the coupling member and the guide path.
  25. A tappet according to one of Claims 23 to 24, characterized in that the coupling member (15; 62) can be lifted by the valve stem (10; 82) against the action of a spring member (76).
  26. A tappet according to Claim 25, characterized in that the spring member is formed by the locking member (76).
  27. A tappet according to one of Claims 24 to 26, characterized in that the guide path (89) has an opening (88) into which an extension (92) of the coupling member (15; 62) engages in the locking position of the additional locking device.
  28. A tappet according to one of Claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the locking member (76) is formed on a moulded part (90) inserted into the cup (30).
  29. A tappet according to one of Claims 24 to 28, characterized in that the guide path (89) is formed on a guide plate (86) which is inserted into the cup (30), the said guide plate (86) can be traversed by the valve stem (10), and the coupling member is displaceable on the guide plate (89).
  30. A tappet (1; 79) for a switchable valve (2) of an internal-combustion engine with a device which comprises an hydraulically actuated piston (14; 60) and a coupling member (15; 62) actuated by the piston (14; 60) and by which device the valve is switched off in a first switching position and is activated for gas-exchange control in a second switching position, wherein the tappet (1; 79) cooperates with a cam (39) on a camshaft (4) and the coupling member (15; 62) is displaceable on a guide path (89), characterized in that the coupling member (15; 62) can be lifted by the valve stem (10; 82) substantially at a right angle thereto, and the coupling member is locked in an end position by releasably interlocking parts (88, 92) of the coupling member and the guide path.
  31. A tappet according to Claim 30, characterized in that the coupling member (15; 62) cooperates in its second end position with an additional locking member (37; 76) which can likewise be unlocked by the valve stem (10; 82).
  32. A tappet according to one of Claims 30 and 31, characterized in that the coupling member (15; 62) can be lifted by the valve stem (10; 82) against the action of a spring member (76).
  33. A tappet according to Claim 32, characterized in that the spring member is formed by the locking member (76).
  34. A tappet according to one of Claims 30 to 33, characterized in that the guide path (89) has an opening (88) into which an extension (92) of the coupling member (15; 62) engages.
  35. A tappet according to one of Claims 30 to 34, characterized in that the locking member (76) is formed on a moulded part (90) inserted into the cup-shaped tappet (30).
  36. A tappet according to one of Claims 30 to 35, characterized in that the guide path (89) is formed on a guide plate (86) which is inserted into the cup-shaped tappet (30), the said guide plate (86) can be traversed by the valve stem (10), and the coupling member is displaceable on the guide plate (89).
EP95101753A 1994-02-18 1995-02-09 Tappet for a disconnectable valve of an internal combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0668436B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4405190 1994-02-18
DE4405190 1994-02-18
DE4444698 1994-12-15
DE4444698A DE4444698C2 (en) 1994-02-18 1994-12-15 Tappet for an internal combustion engine valve that can be switched off

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0668436A1 EP0668436A1 (en) 1995-08-23
EP0668436B1 true EP0668436B1 (en) 1998-08-12

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95101753A Expired - Lifetime EP0668436B1 (en) 1994-02-18 1995-02-09 Tappet for a disconnectable valve of an internal combustion engine

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US (1) US5558052A (en)
EP (1) EP0668436B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH07259520A (en)
CN (1) CN1111712A (en)

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JP4163315B2 (en) * 1999-01-11 2008-10-08 本田技研工業株式会社 Engine valve gear
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5558052A (en) 1996-09-24
JPH07259520A (en) 1995-10-09
CN1111712A (en) 1995-11-15
EP0668436A1 (en) 1995-08-23

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