EP0664168A1 - Device for deep-drawing of a sheet metal blank - Google Patents

Device for deep-drawing of a sheet metal blank Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0664168A1
EP0664168A1 EP95400079A EP95400079A EP0664168A1 EP 0664168 A1 EP0664168 A1 EP 0664168A1 EP 95400079 A EP95400079 A EP 95400079A EP 95400079 A EP95400079 A EP 95400079A EP 0664168 A1 EP0664168 A1 EP 0664168A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cushion
elastic cushion
blank holder
regulating
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95400079A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0664168B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Dittlo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sollac SA
Original Assignee
Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
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Publication date
Application filed by Sollac SA, Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC filed Critical Sollac SA
Publication of EP0664168A1 publication Critical patent/EP0664168A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/02—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/014—Expansible and collapsible
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/11—Heated mold

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for stamping a sheet blank on a forming matrix of elastic material.
  • devices for stamping sheet blanks of the type comprising a cushion of elastic material housed in a retention tank and on which rests a lower blank holder, means for preforming the sheet blank, constituted by an external slider carrying an upper blank holder and means for definitive forming of said sheet blank, constituted by a central slide acting on a plunger.
  • the cushion of elastic material may be a composite support of a substantially parallelepipedal mass based on a silicone elastomer of low Shore hardness, optionally covered on its upper face, and on all or part of its lateral faces with a relatively thin shell made of more resistant and harder material.
  • the upper blank holder applied to the peripheral part of the sheet blank causes the mass of the elastic cushion to creep in order to deform the central part of said sheet blank, while giving it, at the end of 'preforming step, an area substantially equal to the area of the part to be obtained.
  • the descent of the plunger for the final shaping of the sheet blank causes an increase in pressure in the cushion and a difference in volume in said cushion between the preforming step and the shaping step, which it is necessary to compensate in order to d '' avoid an increase in pressure in the cushion.
  • absorption means can be moved during the final forming of the part and this movement is regulated by a regulating member constituted for example by a multi-blade brake or a spring, or even a jack.
  • This known device makes it possible to absorb the large, constant and defined volume differences during the first press cycle for a geometry of the parts to be formed and at a given temperature.
  • this device has the drawback of not responding to the problem of a progressive, even small, increase in volume of the cushion.
  • This increase may be due to variations in the physical characteristics of the material constituting the cushion, such as for example a continuous heating of several tens of degrees, generated by the deformation of the cushion under the action of the upper blank holder whose stroke can represent 20 % of the empty height of the cushion during the production of parts with a high press rate, that is to say greater than ten cycles per minute.
  • a device for stamping sheet materials on a forming matrix of elastic material which comprises a second means for compensating for the excess volume of the cushion due to variations in the physical characteristics of the material constituting said cushion during the preforming and the forming of the part.
  • This second means of compensating for the excess volume of the cushion comprises, on the one hand, at least one sliding member housed in a chamber opening into the retention tank of the cushion and intended to cooperate with said cushion and, on the other hand, a member regulating the movement of the sliding member interposed between said sliding member and the bottom of said chamber.
  • the object of the invention is the manufacture of parts with a press operating at a high rate without requiring a modification of the setting of said press during the forming operations.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a device for stamping a sheet blank, of the type comprising a matrix formed by a cushion made of an elastic material such as for example an elastomer, housed in a retention tank, a lower blank clamp resting on the upper part of said tank and on which the sheet blank rests, means for preforming the sheet blank, constituted by an external slide carrying a top blank clamp, means for forming the sheet blank, constituted by a central slide acting on a plunger, characterized in that it comprises, at the level of the heating zones of the elastic cushion, means of regulating the temperature of said cushion during the drawing of the sheet blank arranged in the lower blank clamp.
  • a device for stamping a sheet blank of the type comprising a matrix formed by a cushion made of an elastic material such as for example an elastomer, housed in a retention tank, a lower blank clamp resting on the upper part of said tank and on which the sheet blank rests, means for preforming the sheet blank, constituted by an external slide carrying a top
  • the stamping device shown in the figures comprises a retention tank 1, the central part of which constitutes a housing for a matrix formed by a cushion 2 made of an elastic material, such as for example an elastomer.
  • a lower peripheral blank holder 3 On the upper face of the cushion 2 and of the tank 1 is arranged a lower peripheral blank holder 3.
  • the tank 1 is mounted to slide vertically and cooperates with a member 4 for regulating the movement of said tank 1 and of the lower blank holder 3.
  • This regulating member 4 is formed for example by a spring system or a jack.
  • a sheet blank 5 is placed on the lower blank clamp 3.
  • the stamping device comprises a body 6 carried by an external slide, not shown, and the lower part of which constitutes an upper peripheral blank holder 6a.
  • the upper peripheral blank holder 6a cooperates with the lower blank holder 3 to clamp, in localized areas, the sheet blank 5.
  • the body 6 has a central well inside which a plunger 7 penetrates, the underside of which constitutes an imprint corresponding to the profile of the finished part to be obtained.
  • the device also comprises a means 10 for absorbing the excess volume of the elastic cushion 2 generated by the application of the plunger 7 relative to that determined by the surface of the finished part to be obtained during the final forming of said part.
  • This means 10 is constituted, in this embodiment, by a piston 11 movable vertically constituting the bottom of the retention tank 1 which has for this purpose a central opening.
  • the piston 11 has its upper surface applied against the cushion 2 and cooperates with a regulating member 12 for the movement of the piston.
  • This regulating member 12 shown diagrammatically in the figures, is constituted for example by a multi-blade brake or a spring or even a jack.
  • the body 6 is lowered by means of the external slide, not shown, from the press, so that the upper blank holder 6a comes into contact with the sheet blank 5 whose peripheral zone is progressively clamped between the lower blank holder 3 and the upper blank holder 6a.
  • the upper blank holder 6a compresses the elastic cushion 2 by reaction.
  • the swelling of the central part of the sheet blank 5 is limited by the bottom of the plunger 7 in order to avoid uncontrolled deformations.
  • the retention tank 1 descends and compresses the regulating member 4 while the regulating member 12 prevents the displacement of the movable piston 11 under the effect of the pressure exerted by the elastic cushion 2 and, consequently, prevents said elastic cushion 2 from creeping down.
  • the regulating member 12 ensures the adjustment of the displacement of the piston 11 and, therefore, makes it possible to absorb the excess volume of the elastic cushion 2 generated by the application of the plunger 7.
  • Such a device makes it possible to absorb large and constant volume differences defined from the first press cycle calculated as a function of the part to be formed.
  • the variations in temperature of the cushion are to a large extent linked to large deformations of said cushion, to the friction particularly localized in the areas surrounding the lower blank holder 3 and not to the overall deformation of the total volume of the elastic cushion 2.
  • the areas around the lower blank holder 3 are subjected to localized cooling by the regulation means 20 which are, according to a first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, formed by pipes 21 for circulation of a heat-transfer fluid , such as water.
  • the pipes 21 are incorporated in the lower blank holder 3 at the interior part of said lower blank holder 3 intended to be in contact with the elastic cushion 2.
  • These pipes 21 are connected to a pipe 22 for supplying the heat transfer fluid and to a pipe 23 for the return of said heat transfer fluid.
  • the face 3a of the lower blank holder 3 intended to be in contact with the elastic cushion 2 is rounded so as to reduce the heating by friction and may include an anti-friction coating.
  • conduits 21 for circulation of the heat-transfer fluid are arranged in a ring 25 provided on the inner part of the lower blank holder 3, intended to be in contact with the elastic cushion 2.
  • the crown 25 is made of a material having, on the one hand, a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal conductivity of the other part of the blank holder 3 and, on the other hand, a low coefficient of friction.
  • the face 25a of the crown 25 intended to be in contact with the elastic cushion 2 is rounded so as to reduce the heating by friction and may include an anti-friction coating.
  • the material of the crown 25 can be chosen from steel, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy or a copper alloy.
  • the means 20 for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion 2 can be formed by pipes 21 for circulation of a heat-transfer fluid, incorporated in the lower blank holder 3 as before and by conduits 30 for circulation of a heat transfer fluid, arranged below the lower blank holder 3 in a casing 8 placed between the elastic cushion 2 and a work mat 9 covering the upper face of said elastic cushion 2.
  • the pipes 31 are for example constituted by flexible pipes.
  • the means 20 for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion 2 can be formed only by the conduits 30 incorporated in the casing 8.
  • the means 20 for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion 2 can be arranged in a work mat 9 covering the upper face of said elastic cushion 2.
  • the cushion 2 can be formed by several superimposed layers of elastic material forming between them passages forming the pipes for circulation of the heat transfer fluid.
  • the means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion 2 can also be used in a device for stamping sheet blanks in which the preforming and shaping steps are carried out in a single step.
  • the means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion avoid overheating and significant expansion of this cushion and consequently any increase in pressure in said cushion, which allows the drawing device according to the invention to be used in manufacturing. of parts in large series.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The stamping tool has a matrix formed from a cushion (2) of elastomer held in a retaining tank (1), and a lower workpiece clamp (3). A pre-former in the form of an outer slider (6) carries an upper clamp (6a) and surrounds a plunger (7). The tool heats and regulates the temperature of the elastic cushion, using tubes (22,23) for the delivery and return of a heat-carrying agent and ducts (20) inside the lower workpiece clamp, or else a crown ring made from a material with a higher level of thermal conductivity and low friction coefficient.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif d'emboutissage d'un flan de tôle sur une matrice de formage en matériau élastique.The present invention relates to a device for stamping a sheet blank on a forming matrix of elastic material.

On connaît dans les FR-A-2 641 215 et FR-A-2 641 217, des dispositifs d'emboutissage de flans de tôle, du type comprenant un coussin en un matériau élastique logé dans un bac de rétention et sur lequel repose un serre-flan inférieur, des moyens de préformage du flan de tôle, constitués par un coulisseau extérieur portant un serre-flan supérieur et des moyens de formage définitif dudit flan de tôle, constitués par un coulisseau central agissant sur un plongeur.Are known in FR-A-2 641 215 and FR-A-2 641 217, devices for stamping sheet blanks, of the type comprising a cushion of elastic material housed in a retention tank and on which rests a lower blank holder, means for preforming the sheet blank, constituted by an external slider carrying an upper blank holder and means for definitive forming of said sheet blank, constituted by a central slide acting on a plunger.

Le coussin en matériau élastique peut être un support composite d'une masse sensiblement parallélépipèdique à base d'un élastomère de silicone de faible dureté Shore, éventuellement recouvert sur sa face supérieure, et sur la totalité ou une partie de ses faces latérales d'une enveloppe relativement mince en matériau plus résistant et plus dur.The cushion of elastic material may be a composite support of a substantially parallelepipedal mass based on a silicone elastomer of low Shore hardness, optionally covered on its upper face, and on all or part of its lateral faces with a relatively thin shell made of more resistant and harder material.

Au cours de l'étape de préformage, le serre-flan supérieur appliqué sur la partie périphérique du flan de tôle provoque le fluage de la masse du coussin élastique pour déformer la partie centrale dudit flan de tôle, tout en lui conférant, en fin d'étape de préformage, une surface sensiblement égale à la surface de la pièce à obtenir.During the preforming step, the upper blank holder applied to the peripheral part of the sheet blank causes the mass of the elastic cushion to creep in order to deform the central part of said sheet blank, while giving it, at the end of 'preforming step, an area substantially equal to the area of the part to be obtained.

La descente du plongeur pour la conformation finale du flan de tôle entraîne une élévation de pression dans le coussin et une différence de volume dans ledit coussin entre l'étape de préformage et l'étape de conformation, qu'il est nécessaire de compenser afin d'éviter une augmentation de pression dans le coussin.The descent of the plunger for the final shaping of the sheet blank causes an increase in pressure in the cushion and a difference in volume in said cushion between the preforming step and the shaping step, which it is necessary to compensate in order to d '' avoid an increase in pressure in the cushion.

En effet, cette augmentation de pression est incompatible avec une tenue mécanique des presses utilisées.Indeed, this increase in pressure is incompatible with mechanical strength of the presses used.

Pour cela, le dispositif selon le FR-A-2 641 217 comporte des moyens d'absorption du volume excédentaire du coussin par rapport à celui déterminé par la surface de la pièce finie à obtenir.For this, the device according to FR-A-2 641 217 comprises means for absorbing the excess volume of the cushion relative to that determined by the surface of the finished part to be obtained.

Ces moyens d'absorption sont déplaçables au cours du formage définitif de la pièce et ce déplacement est réglé par un organe de régulation constitué par exemple par un frein multilames ou un ressort, ou encore un vérin.These absorption means can be moved during the final forming of the part and this movement is regulated by a regulating member constituted for example by a multi-blade brake or a spring, or even a jack.

Ce dispositif connu permet d'absorber les différences de volume importantes, constantes et définies lors du premier cycle de la presse pour une géométrie de pièces à former et à une température donnée.This known device makes it possible to absorb the large, constant and defined volume differences during the first press cycle for a geometry of the parts to be formed and at a given temperature.

Mais, ce dispositif présente l'inconvénient de ne pas répondre au problème d'une augmentation de volume progressif, même faible du coussin.However, this device has the drawback of not responding to the problem of a progressive, even small, increase in volume of the cushion.

Cette augmentation peut être due à des variations des caractéristiques physiques du matériau constituant le coussin, comme par exemple un échauffement continu de plusieurs dizaines de degrés, généré par la déformation du coussin sous l'action du serre-flan supérieur dont la course peut représenter 20% de la hauteur à vide du coussin pendant la réalisation de pièces à cadence de presse élevée, c'est à dire supérieure à une dizaine de cycles par minute.This increase may be due to variations in the physical characteristics of the material constituting the cushion, such as for example a continuous heating of several tens of degrees, generated by the deformation of the cushion under the action of the upper blank holder whose stroke can represent 20 % of the empty height of the cushion during the production of parts with a high press rate, that is to say greater than ten cycles per minute.

Ces variations des caractéristiques physiques du matériau constituant le coussin entraînent des réglages successifs de la presse ce qui diminue les cadences.These variations in the physical characteristics of the material constituting the cushion lead to successive adjustments of the press, which reduces the rates.

On connaît dans la demande de brevet français n° 92 06 502 au nom de la Demanderesse, un dispositif d'emboutissage de matériaux en feuille sur une matrice de formage en matériau élastique qui comporte un second moyen de compensation du volume excédentaire du coussin dû à des variations des caractéristiques physiques du matériau constituant ledit coussin au cours du préformage et du formage de la pièce.Is known in French patent application No. 92 06 502 in the name of the Applicant, a device for stamping sheet materials on a forming matrix of elastic material which comprises a second means for compensating for the excess volume of the cushion due to variations in the physical characteristics of the material constituting said cushion during the preforming and the forming of the part.

Ce second moyen de compensation du volume excédentaire du coussin comporte, d'une part, au moins un organe coulissant logé dans une chambre débouchant dans le bac de rétention du coussin et destiné à coopérer avec ledit coussin et, d'autre part, un organe de régulation du déplacement de l'organe coulissant interposé entre ledit organe coulissant et le fond de ladite chambre.This second means of compensating for the excess volume of the cushion comprises, on the one hand, at least one sliding member housed in a chamber opening into the retention tank of the cushion and intended to cooperate with said cushion and, on the other hand, a member regulating the movement of the sliding member interposed between said sliding member and the bottom of said chamber.

Bien que ce dispositif permette une compensation fine du volume excédentaire du coussin, il nécessite un réglage précis et ne satisfait pas entièrement à la loi de variation de la pression du coussin due à la variation de la température en fonction du nombre de cycles de la presse. Un ajustement reste indispensable au cours du formage en grande série de flans de tôle.Although this device allows fine compensation of the excess volume of the cushion, it requires precise adjustment and does not entirely satisfy the law of variation of the pressure of the cushion due to the variation of the temperature as a function of the number of press cycles. . An adjustment remains essential during the large series forming of sheet blanks.

Le but de l'invention est la fabrication de pièces avec une presse fonctionnant à une cadence élevée sans nécessiter une modification du réglage de ladite presse pendant les opérations de formage.The object of the invention is the manufacture of parts with a press operating at a high rate without requiring a modification of the setting of said press during the forming operations.

L'invention a donc pour objet un dispositif d'emboutissage d'un flan de tôle, du type comprenant une matrice formée par un coussin en un matériau élastique comme par exemple un élastomère, logé dans un bac de rétention, un serre-flan inférieur en appui sur la partie supérieure dudit bac et sur lequel repose le flan de tôle, des moyens de préformage du flan de tôle, constitués par un coulisseau extérieur portant un serre-flan supérieur, des moyens de formage du flan de tôle, constitués par un coulisseau central agissant sur un plongeur, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, au niveau des zones d'échauffement du coussin élastique, des moyens de régulation de la température dudit coussin au cours de l'emboutissage du flan de tôle disposés dans le serre-flan inférieur.The subject of the invention is therefore a device for stamping a sheet blank, of the type comprising a matrix formed by a cushion made of an elastic material such as for example an elastomer, housed in a retention tank, a lower blank clamp resting on the upper part of said tank and on which the sheet blank rests, means for preforming the sheet blank, constituted by an external slide carrying a top blank clamp, means for forming the sheet blank, constituted by a central slide acting on a plunger, characterized in that it comprises, at the level of the heating zones of the elastic cushion, means of regulating the temperature of said cushion during the drawing of the sheet blank arranged in the lower blank clamp.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • le serre-flan inférieur comporte sur sa partie intérieure en contact avec le coussin élastique, les moyens de régulation de la température du coussin élastique dans une couronne prévue dans ladite partie intérieure du serre-flan inférieur,
  • la couronne est réalisée en un matériau possédant, d'une part, une conductibilité thermique supérieure à la conductibilité thermique de l'autre partie du serre-flan inférieur et, d'autre part, un faible coefficient de frottement,
  • le matériau de la couronne est choisi parmi l'acier, l'aluminium, le cuivre, un alliage d'aluminium ou un alliage de cuivre,
  • les moyens de régulation de la température du coussin élastique sont disposés au-dessous du serre-flan inférieur dans une enveloppe placée entre le coussin élastique et un tapis de travail recouvrant la face supérieure dudit coussin élastique,
  • les moyens de régulation de température du coussin élastique sont disposés dans le serre-flan inférieur et au-dessous dudit serre-flan dans une enveloppe placée entre le coussin et un tapis de travail recouvrant la face supérieure dudit coussin élastique,
  • les moyens de régulation de la température du coussin élastique sont disposés dans un tapis de travail recouvrant la face supérieure dudit coussin élastique,
  • les moyens de régulation de la température du coussin élastique sont formés par des conduites de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur.
  • le coussin est formé par plusieurs couches superposées en matériau élastique ménageant entre elles des passages formant lesdites conduites de circulation du fluide caloporteur.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the lower blank holder comprises on its inner part in contact with the elastic cushion, the means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion in a ring provided in said inner part of the lower blank holder,
  • the crown is made of a material having, on the one hand, a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal conductivity of the other part of the lower blank holder and, on the other hand, a low coefficient of friction,
  • the material of the crown is chosen from steel, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy or a copper alloy,
  • the means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion are arranged below the lower blank holder in an envelope placed between the elastic cushion and a work mat covering the upper face of said elastic cushion,
  • the means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion are arranged in the lower blank holder and below said blank holder in an envelope placed between the cushion and a work mat covering the upper face of said elastic cushion,
  • the means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion are arranged in a work mat covering the upper face of said elastic cushion,
  • the means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion are formed by pipes for circulation of a heat transfer fluid.
  • the cushion is formed by several superimposed layers of elastic material forming between them passages forming said pipes for circulation of the heat transfer fluid.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • les Figs. 1 à 3 sont des vues schématiques en coupe d'un dispositif de d'emboutissage selon l'invention, au cours des étapes successives de formage d'une pièce,
  • la Fig. 4 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un second mode de réalisation du dispositif d'emboutissage selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 5 est une vue schématique en coupe d'un troisième mode de réalisation du dispositif d'emboutissage selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows, given solely by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figs. 1 to 3 are schematic sectional views of a stamping device according to the invention, during the successive stages of forming a part,
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a second embodiment of the stamping device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view of a third embodiment of the stamping device according to the invention.

Le dispositif d'emboutissage représenté sur les figures comprend un bac de rétention 1 dont la partie centrale constitue un logement pour une matrice formée par un coussin 2 en un matériau élastique, comme par exemple un élastomère.The stamping device shown in the figures comprises a retention tank 1, the central part of which constitutes a housing for a matrix formed by a cushion 2 made of an elastic material, such as for example an elastomer.

Sur la face supérieure du coussin 2 et du bac 1 est disposé un serre-flan périphérique inférieur 3.On the upper face of the cushion 2 and of the tank 1 is arranged a lower peripheral blank holder 3.

Le bac 1 est monté coulissant verticalement et coopère avec un organe 4 de régulation du déplacement dudit bac 1 et du serre-flan inférieur 3.The tank 1 is mounted to slide vertically and cooperates with a member 4 for regulating the movement of said tank 1 and of the lower blank holder 3.

Cet organe de régulation 4 est formé par exemple par un système à ressorts ou un vérin.This regulating member 4 is formed for example by a spring system or a jack.

Un flan de tôle 5 est posé sur le serre-flan inférieur 3.A sheet blank 5 is placed on the lower blank clamp 3.

Au dessus du bac 1, le dispositif d'emboutissage comporte un corps 6 porté par un coulisseau extérieur, non représenté, et dont la partie inférieure constitue un serre-flan périphérique supérieur 6a.Above tank 1, the stamping device comprises a body 6 carried by an external slide, not shown, and the lower part of which constitutes an upper peripheral blank holder 6a.

Le serre-flan périphérique supérieur 6a coopère avec le serre-flan inférieur 3 pour serrer, dans des zones localisées, le flan de tôle 5.The upper peripheral blank holder 6a cooperates with the lower blank holder 3 to clamp, in localized areas, the sheet blank 5.

Le corps 6 comporte un puits central à l'intérieur duquel pénètre un plongeur 7 dont la face inférieure constitue une empreinte correspondant au profil de la pièce finie à obtenir.The body 6 has a central well inside which a plunger 7 penetrates, the underside of which constitutes an imprint corresponding to the profile of the finished part to be obtained.

Le dispositif comporte également un moyen 10 d'absorption du volume excédentaire du coussin élastique 2 engendré par l'application du plongeur 7 par rapport à celui déterminé par la surface de la pièce finie à obtenir au cours du formage définitif de ladite pièce.The device also comprises a means 10 for absorbing the excess volume of the elastic cushion 2 generated by the application of the plunger 7 relative to that determined by the surface of the finished part to be obtained during the final forming of said part.

Ce moyen 10 est constitué, dans cet exemple de réalisation, par un piston 11 mobile verticalement constituant le fond du bac de rétention 1 qui comporte à cet effet une ouverture centrale.This means 10 is constituted, in this embodiment, by a piston 11 movable vertically constituting the bottom of the retention tank 1 which has for this purpose a central opening.

Le piston 11 a sa surface supérieure appliquée contre le coussin 2 et coopère avec un organe de régulation 12 du déplacement du piston.The piston 11 has its upper surface applied against the cushion 2 and cooperates with a regulating member 12 for the movement of the piston.

Cet organe de régulation 12 schématisé sur les figures, est constitué par exemple par un frein multilames ou un ressort ou encore un vérin.This regulating member 12 shown diagrammatically in the figures, is constituted for example by a multi-blade brake or a spring or even a jack.

Au cours de l'étape de préformage illustrée à la figure 2, on fait descendre par l'intermédiaire du coulisseau extérieur, non représenté, de la presse, le corps 6 de telle manière que le serre-flan supérieur 6a entre en contact avec le flan de tôle 5 dont la zone périphérique est progressivement serrée entre le serre-flan inférieur 3 et le serre-flan supérieur 6a.During the preforming step illustrated in FIG. 2, the body 6 is lowered by means of the external slide, not shown, from the press, so that the upper blank holder 6a comes into contact with the sheet blank 5 whose peripheral zone is progressively clamped between the lower blank holder 3 and the upper blank holder 6a.

Au cours de la descente, le serre-flan supérieur 6a comprime par réaction le coussin élastique 2.During the descent, the upper blank holder 6a compresses the elastic cushion 2 by reaction.

Ce dernier, sous l'effet de cette action périphérique, agit par fluage sur la zone centrale du flan de tôle 5 et provoque sa déformation.The latter, under the effect of this peripheral action, acts by creep on the central zone of the sheet blank 5 and causes its deformation.

Le gonflement de la partie centrale du flan de tôle 5 est limité par le fond du plongeur 7 afin d'éviter des déformations incontrôlées.The swelling of the central part of the sheet blank 5 is limited by the bottom of the plunger 7 in order to avoid uncontrolled deformations.

Dès le début de la descente du serre-flan supérieur 6a, le bac de rétention 1 descend et comprime l'organe de régulation 4 tandis que l'organe de régulation 12 empêche le déplacement du piston mobile 11 sous l'effet de la pression exercée par le coussin élastique 2 et, par conséquent, empêche ledit coussin élastique 2 de fluer vers le bas.From the start of the descent of the upper blank holder 6a, the retention tank 1 descends and compresses the regulating member 4 while the regulating member 12 prevents the displacement of the movable piston 11 under the effect of the pressure exerted by the elastic cushion 2 and, consequently, prevents said elastic cushion 2 from creeping down.

Pendant l'étape de conformation finale du flan de tôle 5 représentée à la figure 3, le plongeur 7 descend à sa position basse et contrôle le formage final de la partie centrale du flan de tôle 5 préformé au cours de l'opération précédente.During the final shaping step of the sheet blank 5 shown in FIG. 3, the plunger 7 descends to its low position and controls the final forming of the central part of the sheet blank 5 preformed during the previous operation.

Les contraintes dues à l'appui du plongeur 7 sur le sommet du flan de tôle 5 provoquent le déplacement du flan de tôle dans tout le volume disponible et permettent ainsi la réalisation finale de la pièce avec un minimum de variation d'épaisseur.The constraints due to the support of the plunger 7 on the top of the sheet blank 5 cause the sheet blank to move throughout the available volume and thus allow the final production of the part with a minimum variation in thickness.

L'organe de régulation 12 assure le réglage du déplacement du piston 11 et, de ce fait, permet d'absorber le volume excédentaire du coussin élastique 2 engendré par l'application du plongeur 7.The regulating member 12 ensures the adjustment of the displacement of the piston 11 and, therefore, makes it possible to absorb the excess volume of the elastic cushion 2 generated by the application of the plunger 7.

Un tel dispositif permet d'absorber des différences de volume importantes constantes et définies dès le premier cycle de presse calculé en fonction de la pièce à former.Such a device makes it possible to absorb large and constant volume differences defined from the first press cycle calculated as a function of the part to be formed.

Or, il a été constaté que le matériau élastique constituant le coussin 2 subit des variations dans ces caractéristiques physiques, essentiellement dues à des variations de température, au cours d'une série d'opérations de mise en forme de flans de tôle 5.However, it has been observed that the elastic material constituting the cushion 2 undergoes variations in these physical characteristics, essentially due to temperature variations, during a series of operations for shaping sheet blanks 5.

Ces variations de température génèrent des variations de pression difficilement contrôlables et prohibitives dans le cadre d'une fabrication de pièces en grande série.These temperature variations generate pressure variations that are difficult to control and prohibitive in the context of mass production of parts.

Par exemple, on enregistre un échauffement continu de plusieurs dizaine de degrés à cause d'un travail de la presse à cadence élevée généralement supérieure ou égale à dix cycles par minute et un taux de compression en partie latérale pouvant atteindre 20%.For example, there is a continuous heating of several tens of degrees due to the press working at a high rate generally greater than or equal to ten cycles per minute and a compression ratio in the lateral part which can reach 20%.

Sur les presses de transfert de carrosserie, plusieurs outils sont juxtaposés sur le même coulisseau et un réglage approprié du seul outil d'emboutissage sur le coussin élastique en cours de fabrication des pièces en grande série n'est pas envisageable.On body transfer presses, several tools are juxtaposed on the same slide and an appropriate adjustment of the only stamping tool on the elastic cushion during the production of parts in large series is not possible.

Les variations de température du coussin sont pour une grande part liées aux grandes déformations dudit coussin, aux frottements particulièrement localisés dans les zones avoisinant le serre-flan inférieur 3 et non à la déformation globale du volume total du coussin élastique 2.The variations in temperature of the cushion are to a large extent linked to large deformations of said cushion, to the friction particularly localized in the areas surrounding the lower blank holder 3 and not to the overall deformation of the total volume of the elastic cushion 2.

Pour remédier à ces inconvénients, le dispositif d'emboutissage selon l'invention comprend, au niveau des zones d'échauffement du coussin élastique 2, des moyens 20 de régulation de la température dudit coussin élastique 2 au cours de l'emboutissage du flan de tôle 5.To overcome these drawbacks, the stamping device according to the invention comprises, at the heating zones of the elastic cushion 2, means 20 for regulating the temperature of said elastic cushion 2 during the stamping of the blank. sheet 5.

Les zones avoisinant le serre-flan inférieur 3 sont soumises à un refroidissement localisé par les moyens 20 de régulation qui sont, selon un premier mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 à 3, formés par des conduites 21 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur, comme par exemple de l'eau.The areas around the lower blank holder 3 are subjected to localized cooling by the regulation means 20 which are, according to a first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, formed by pipes 21 for circulation of a heat-transfer fluid , such as water.

Les conduites 21 sont incorporées dans le serre-flan inférieur 3 au niveau de la partie intérieure dudit serre-flan inférieur 3 destinée à être en contact avec le coussin élastique 2.The pipes 21 are incorporated in the lower blank holder 3 at the interior part of said lower blank holder 3 intended to be in contact with the elastic cushion 2.

Ces conduites 21 sont reliées à une tubulure 22 d'alimentation du fluide caloporteur et à une tubulure 23 de retour dudit fluide caloporteur.These pipes 21 are connected to a pipe 22 for supplying the heat transfer fluid and to a pipe 23 for the return of said heat transfer fluid.

La face 3a du serre-flan inférieur 3 destinée à être en contact avec le coussin élastique 2 est arrondie de façon à réduire l'échauffement par frottement et peut comporter un revêtement anti-friction.The face 3a of the lower blank holder 3 intended to be in contact with the elastic cushion 2 is rounded so as to reduce the heating by friction and may include an anti-friction coating.

Selon un second mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 4, les conduites 21 de circulation du fluide caloporteur sont disposées dans une couronne 25 prévue sur la partie intérieure du serre-flan inférieur 3, destinée à être en contact avec le coussin élastique 2.According to a second embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the conduits 21 for circulation of the heat-transfer fluid are arranged in a ring 25 provided on the inner part of the lower blank holder 3, intended to be in contact with the elastic cushion 2.

La couronne 25 est réalisée en un matériau possédant, d'une part, une conductibilité thermique supérieure à la conductibilité thermique de l'autre partie du serre-flan 3 et, d'autre part, un faible coefficient de frottement.The crown 25 is made of a material having, on the one hand, a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal conductivity of the other part of the blank holder 3 and, on the other hand, a low coefficient of friction.

La face 25a de la couronne 25 destinée à être en contact avec le coussin élastique 2 est arrondie de façon à réduire l'échauffement par frottement et peut comporter un revêtement anti-friction.The face 25a of the crown 25 intended to be in contact with the elastic cushion 2 is rounded so as to reduce the heating by friction and may include an anti-friction coating.

Le matériau de la couronne 25 peut être choisi parmi l'acier, l'aluminium, le cuivre, un alliage d'aluminium ou un alliage de cuivre.The material of the crown 25 can be chosen from steel, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy or a copper alloy.

Selon un troisième mode de réalisation représenté à la figure 5, les moyens 20 de régulation de la température du coussin élastique 2 peuvent être formés par des conduites 21 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur, incorporées dans le serre-flan inférieur 3 comme précédemment et par des conduites 30 de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur, disposées au-dessous du serre-flan inférieur 3 dans une enveloppe 8 placée entre le coussin élastique 2 et un tapis de travail 9 recouvrant la face supérieure dudit coussin élastique 2.According to a third embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the means 20 for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion 2 can be formed by pipes 21 for circulation of a heat-transfer fluid, incorporated in the lower blank holder 3 as before and by conduits 30 for circulation of a heat transfer fluid, arranged below the lower blank holder 3 in a casing 8 placed between the elastic cushion 2 and a work mat 9 covering the upper face of said elastic cushion 2.

Les conduites 31 sont par exemple constituées par des tuyaux souples.The pipes 31 are for example constituted by flexible pipes.

Selon une autre variante, les moyens 20 de régulation de la température du coussin élastique 2 peuvent être formés uniquement par les conduites 30 incorporées dans l'enveloppe 8.According to another variant, the means 20 for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion 2 can be formed only by the conduits 30 incorporated in the casing 8.

Selon encore une autre variante, les moyens 20 de régulation de la température du coussin élastique 2 peuvent être disposés dans un tapis de travail 9 recouvrant la face supérieure dudit coussin élastique 2.According to yet another variant, the means 20 for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion 2 can be arranged in a work mat 9 covering the upper face of said elastic cushion 2.

Le coussin 2 peut être formé par plusieurs couches superposées en matériau élastique ménageant entre elles des passages formant les conduites de circulation du fluide caloporteur.The cushion 2 can be formed by several superimposed layers of elastic material forming between them passages forming the pipes for circulation of the heat transfer fluid.

Les moyens de régulation de la température du coussin élastique 2 peuvent également être utilisés dans un dispositif d'emboutissage de flans de tôle dans lequel les étapes de préformage et de conformation sont réalisées en une seule étape.The means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion 2 can also be used in a device for stamping sheet blanks in which the preforming and shaping steps are carried out in a single step.

Les moyens de régulation de la température du coussin élastique évitent un échauffement et une dilatation importante de ce coussin et par voie de conséquence toute augmentation de pression dans ledit coussin ce qui permet d'utiliser le dispositif d'emboutissage selon l'invention dans la fabrication de pièces en grande série.The means for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion avoid overheating and significant expansion of this cushion and consequently any increase in pressure in said cushion, which allows the drawing device according to the invention to be used in manufacturing. of parts in large series.

Claims (9)

Dispositif d'emboutissage d'un flan de tôle (5), du type comprenant une matrice formée par un coussin (2) en un matériau élastique comme par exemple un élastomère, logé dans un bac de rétention (1), un serre-flan inférieur (3) en appui sur la partie supérieure dudit bac (1) et sur lequel repose le flan de tôle (5), des moyens de préformage du flan de tôle (5), constitués par un coulisseau extérieur (6) portant un serre-flan supérieur (6a), des moyens de formage du flan de tôle (5), constitués par un coulisseau central agissant sur un plongeur (7), caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, au niveau des zones d'échauffement du coussin élastique (2), des moyens (20) de régulation de la température dudit coussin (2) au cours de l'emboutissage du flan de tôle (5) disposés dans le serre-flan inférieur (3).Device for stamping a sheet blank (5), of the type comprising a matrix formed by a cushion (2) made of an elastic material such as an elastomer, housed in a retention tank (1), a blank holder lower (3) resting on the upper part of said tank (1) and on which the sheet blank (5) rests, means for preforming the sheet blank (5), constituted by an external slide (6) carrying a clamp - upper blank (6a), means for forming the sheet blank (5), constituted by a central slide acting on a plunger (7), characterized in that it comprises, at the level of the heating zones of the elastic cushion (2), means (20) for regulating the temperature of said cushion (2) during the drawing of the sheet blank (5) arranged in the lower blank holder (3). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le serre-flan inférieur (3) comporte, sur sa partie intérieure en contact avec le coussin élastique (2), les moyens (20) de régulation de la température du coussin élastique (2) dans une couronne (25) prévue sur ladite partie intérieure du serre-flan inférieur (3).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower blank holder (3) comprises, on its inner part in contact with the elastic cushion (2), the means (20) for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion (2) in a crown (25) provided on said inner part of the lower blank holder (3). Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la couronne (25) est réalisée en un matériau possédant, d'une part, une conductibilité thermique supérieure à la conductibilité thermique de l'autre partie du serre-flan inférieur (3) et, d'autre part, un faible coefficient de frottement.Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the crown (25) is made of a material having, on the one hand, a thermal conductivity greater than the thermal conductivity of the other part of the lower blank holder (3) and, on the other hand, a low coefficient of friction. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de la couronne (25) est choisi parmi l'acier, l'aluminium, le cuivre, un alliage d'aluminium ou un alliage de cuivre.Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the material of the crown (25) is chosen from steel, aluminum, copper, an aluminum alloy or a copper alloy. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (20) de régulation de la température du coussin élastique (2) sont disposés au-dessous du serre-flan inférieur (3) dans une enveloppe (8) placée entre le coussin élastique (2) et un tapis de travail (9) recouvrant la face supérieure dudit coussin élastique (2).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (20) for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion (2) are arranged below the lower blank holder (3) in an envelope (8) placed between the elastic cushion (2) and a carpet working (9) covering the upper face of said elastic cushion (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (20) de régulation de la température du coussin élastique (2) sont disposés dans le serre-flan inférieur (3) et, au-dessous dudit serre-flan inférieur (3), dans une enveloppe (8) placée entre le coussin élastique (2) et un tapis de travail (9) recouvrant la face supérieure dudit coussin élastique (2).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (20) for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion (2) are arranged in the lower blank holder (3) and, below said lower blank holder (3) , in an envelope (8) placed between the elastic cushion (2) and a work mat (9) covering the upper face of said elastic cushion (2). Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (20) de régulation de la température du coussin élastique (2) sont disposés dans un tapis de travail (9) recouvrant la face supérieue dudit coussin élastique (2).Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the means (20) for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion (2) are arranged in a work mat (9) covering the upper face of said elastic cushion (2). Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les moyens (20) de régulation de la température du coussin élastique (2) sont formés par des conduites (21, 30) de circulation d'un fluide caloporteur.Device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the means (20) for regulating the temperature of the elastic cushion (2) are formed by pipes (21, 30) for circulation of a heat-transfer fluid. Dispositif selon les revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que le coussin (2) est formé par plusieurs couches superposées en matériau élastique ménageant entre elles des passages formant lesdites conduites de circulation du fluide caloporteur.Device according to claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the cushion (2) is formed by several superposed layers of elastic material forming between them passages forming said pipes for circulation of the heat transfer fluid.
EP95400079A 1994-01-21 1995-01-16 Device for deep-drawing of a sheet metal blank Expired - Lifetime EP0664168B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR9400666 1994-01-21
FR9400666A FR2715335B1 (en) 1994-01-21 1994-01-21 Device for stamping a sheet blank.

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EP0664168A1 true EP0664168A1 (en) 1995-07-26
EP0664168B1 EP0664168B1 (en) 1997-10-29

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EP (1) EP0664168B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0833929A (en)
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FR (1) FR2715335B1 (en)

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FR2715335A1 (en) 1995-07-28
DE69500933T2 (en) 1998-06-18
EP0664168B1 (en) 1997-10-29
DE69500933D1 (en) 1997-12-04
US5599565A (en) 1997-02-04
ES2110814T3 (en) 1998-02-16
FR2715335B1 (en) 1996-04-05
JPH0833929A (en) 1996-02-06

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