WO2011036688A1 - Equipment and method for printing material in sheet form, in particular metal plates - Google Patents

Equipment and method for printing material in sheet form, in particular metal plates Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011036688A1
WO2011036688A1 PCT/IT2010/000398 IT2010000398W WO2011036688A1 WO 2011036688 A1 WO2011036688 A1 WO 2011036688A1 IT 2010000398 W IT2010000398 W IT 2010000398W WO 2011036688 A1 WO2011036688 A1 WO 2011036688A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
equipment
fluid
cushion
plate
die
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT2010/000398
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrea Giorgio
Paolo Alberto Frapiccini
Wolfango Alpini
Original Assignee
Andrea Giorgio
Paolo Alberto Frapiccini
Wolfango Alpini
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Andrea Giorgio, Paolo Alberto Frapiccini, Wolfango Alpini filed Critical Andrea Giorgio
Publication of WO2011036688A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011036688A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
    • B21D22/10—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads
    • B21D22/12—Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads using enclosed flexible chambers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B21D26/027—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/02—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the present patent application for industrial invention relates to an equipment and method for printing material in sheet form, in particular metal plates.
  • metal plates such as silver plates
  • present invention also extends to non-metal material in sheet form, for example rigid or semi-rigid plates of plastic materials of any composition, such as polymers, methacrylate, PVC, polyethylene and similar, or also natural and synthetic leather, wood and veneer wood, fabric, paper and similar.
  • the printing process of metal sheets provides for positioning the plate in a forming press composed of two semi-dies.
  • the first semi-die defined as die
  • the second semi- die defined as male die holder
  • the two semi-dies are moved by means of a suitable actuation mechanism that is electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated.
  • Such a printing process is extremely complicated and expensive due to the constructive complexity of the male die holder that must be provided with a plurality of males registered with the cavities of the die.
  • both the female die and male die holder must be changed whenever production is changed. Consequently, a plurality of semi-dies must be stored in the warehouse according to the type of production to be carried out.
  • a molding-blowing process is also known according to which, once the mold is hermetically closed, pressurized air is injected or air is extracted, in such a way that the product to be molded takes on the shape of the die cavity.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the inconveniences of the prior art, by devising an equipment and method for printing of material in sheet form that is ductile, versatile, inexpensive and easy to make and install.
  • Another purpose of the present invention is to devise such equipment that allows for an efficient, effective, rapid and versatile process for printing material in sheet form.
  • the equipment for printing of plates comprises a mold composed of a base and a die in which at least one cavity is obtained to form the plate.
  • the equipment also comprises a cushion situated between the base and the plate.
  • the cushion contains a fluid and deforms according to the shape of said at least one cavity of the die, in such a way that when the mold is closed, the fluid inside the cushion flows, taking the cavity space and suitably deforming the plate that is arranged between said cushion and die.
  • Fig. 1 is an exploded cross-sectional diagrammatic view of a first embodiment of the equipment for printing material in sheet form according to the invention
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are two views as Fig. 1 that show two consecutive steps of the printing process of material in sheet form according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional diagrammatic view of a second embodiment of the equipment for printing material in sheet form according to the invention.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are two views as Fig. 4 that show two consecutive steps of the printing process of material in sheet form according to the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is the same view as Fig. 1 , except for it shows a third embodiment of the equipment according to the invention.
  • a first embodiment of the equipment for printing material in sheet form according to the invention which is generally indicated with numeral (1 ).
  • the equipment (1 ) comprises a mold (2).
  • the mold (2) comprises a base (20) and a die (30).
  • the base (20) has a basically flat surface (21 ) facing towards the die (30).
  • the die (30) has one or more cavities (31 ) facing towards the base (30).
  • the cavity (31 ) of the die is shaped according to the shape to be given to a plate (4) of material in sheet form, such as a metal plate.
  • the equipment also comprises a cushion (5) that is situated between the plate (4) and the base (20), when the mold is open.
  • the term "cushion” indicates gaseous or liquid fluid hermetically contained in a case, but also a pasty fluid, such as silicone paste or gel, which must not be necessarily closed in a case.
  • the cushion (5) has a case (50) that hermetically contains a fluid (51 ).
  • the case (50) is made of deformable fluid-tight tear-resistant material, which can also be slightly expandable.
  • the case can also be made, for example, of plastic film of suitable thickness or also fabric or non-woven fabric (TNT) which is waterproofed and eventually elasticated.
  • TNT non-woven fabric
  • the fluid (51 ) can be of any type:
  • the volume of the fluid (51 ) inside the cushion must be basically equal to the volume defined by the cavity (31 ) of the die (30). In any case the volume of the fluid (51 ) must not be higher than the volume defined by the cavity (31 ). In fact, if the volume of the fluid is higher than the volume of the cavity, waste is obtained in case of pasty material.
  • the volume of the fluid at the maximum pressure which corresponds to the pressure exerted on the cushion when the mold is closed, must be basically equal to the volume defined by the cavity (31 ) of the mold (30).
  • the volume of compressible fluid at atmospheric pressure is higher than the volume of the cavity (31 ) of the die.
  • the die (30) is moved close to the base (20). Consequently, the cushion (5) is compressed and deformed.
  • the fluid (51 ) tends to flow towards the area of the cavity (31 ) of the die, exerting pressure on the plate (4) that is exactly deformed in the cavity (31 ) of the die, forming a protuberance (40) that takes the shape of the cavity of the die.
  • the fluid (51 ) inside the cushion (5) tends to entirely fill the volume of the cavity (31 ) of the die, in such a way to perfectly deform the plate (4) that takes the shape of the cavity of the die.
  • the cushion (5) resumes the original configuration shown in Fig. 1 and the shaped plate (4) can be extracted from the mold. So the cushion (5) can be reused for another printing cycle.
  • FIGs. 4 to 6 a second embodiment of the equipment for printing material in sheet form according to the invention is described, which is generally indicated with numeral (100).
  • the base (120) of the mold (2) is provided with a recessed housing (121 ) that is covered by s cover (150), in such a way to form a hermetic chamber (105) that contains the fluid (51 ).
  • the chamber (105) acts as fluid cushion, exactly like in the first embodiment.
  • the cover (150) can be made of the same material used for the case (50) of the first embodiment.
  • the second embodiment is provided with feed means (125) to feed the fluid (51 ) in the chamber (105) of the base of the mold, according to the volume of fluid (51 ) required for the printing process.
  • the cushion (105) can be made of silicone paste (51 ) only. In fact, when the mold is closed, the shavings of the silicone paste that crosses the air spaces between base (120) and die (30) are very limited.
  • a sheet (150) is positioned on the silicone paste (51 ) provided on the base (120) in order not to get the plate dirty.
  • Fig. 7 describes a third embodiment of the equipment (200) according to which the base (220) of the mold is provided with two cavities (223) in correspondence with flat surfaces (33) of the die (30). In such a case two cushions of fluid (5) are situated between the flat surfaces (33) of the die and the plate (4) in correspondence with the two cavities (233) of the base.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Screen Printers (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

An equipment (1 ) and method for printing of plates (4) are described. The equipment comprises a mold (2) composed of a base (20) and a die (30) provided with at least one cavity (31 ) to shape the plate (4). The equipment also comprises a cushion (5) situated between said base (20; 120) and plate (4). The cushion (5; 105) contains a fluid (51 ) that flows inside it to allow for deforming the cushion according to the shape of said at least one cavity (31 ) of the die.

Description

Description
Equipment and method for printing material in sheet form, in particular metal plates.
The present patent application for industrial invention relates to an equipment and method for printing material in sheet form, in particular metal plates.
Although reference is made hereinafter to metal plates, such as silver plates, the present invention also extends to non-metal material in sheet form, for example rigid or semi-rigid plates of plastic materials of any composition, such as polymers, methacrylate, PVC, polyethylene and similar, or also natural and synthetic leather, wood and veneer wood, fabric, paper and similar.
As it is known, the printing process of metal sheets provides for positioning the plate in a forming press composed of two semi-dies. The first semi-die, defined as die, has a plurality of cavities; whereas the second semi- die, defined as male die holder, has a plurality of protruding parts (males) designed to be inserted in the cavities of the die in order to deform and shape the plate arranged between the two semi-dies. The two semi-dies are moved by means of a suitable actuation mechanism that is electrically, hydraulically or pneumatically actuated.
Such a printing process is extremely complicated and expensive due to the constructive complexity of the male die holder that must be provided with a plurality of males registered with the cavities of the die.
It must be considered that both the female die and male die holder must be changed whenever production is changed. Consequently, a plurality of semi-dies must be stored in the warehouse according to the type of production to be carried out.
A molding-blowing process is also known according to which, once the mold is hermetically closed, pressurized air is injected or air is extracted, in such a way that the product to be molded takes on the shape of the die cavity.
The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the inconveniences of the prior art, by devising an equipment and method for printing of material in sheet form that is ductile, versatile, inexpensive and easy to make and install.
Another purpose of the present invention is to devise such equipment that allows for an efficient, effective, rapid and versatile process for printing material in sheet form.
Said purposes are achieved according to the invention, with the equipment the characteristics of which are listed in the enclosed independent claim 1 and with the method the characteristics of which are listed in the enclosed independent claim 10.
Advantageous embodiments are disclosed in the dependent claims.
The equipment for printing of plates according to the invention comprises a mold composed of a base and a die in which at least one cavity is obtained to form the plate. The equipment also comprises a cushion situated between the base and the plate. The cushion contains a fluid and deforms according to the shape of said at least one cavity of the die, in such a way that when the mold is closed, the fluid inside the cushion flows, taking the cavity space and suitably deforming the plate that is arranged between said cushion and die.
The advantages of the equipment of the invention are evident, since it allows for printing plates of different type effectively and rapidly, with dies of different types and dimensions, always using the same cushion, without having to use different types of male die holders according to the type of die.
Additional characteristics of the invention will appear more evident from the following detailed description that refers to merely illustrative, not limiting embodiments, illustrated in the enclosed drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is an exploded cross-sectional diagrammatic view of a first embodiment of the equipment for printing material in sheet form according to the invention;
Figs. 2 and 3 are two views as Fig. 1 that show two consecutive steps of the printing process of material in sheet form according to the invention;
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional diagrammatic view of a second embodiment of the equipment for printing material in sheet form according to the invention;
Figs. 5 and 6 are two views as Fig. 4 that show two consecutive steps of the printing process of material in sheet form according to the invention; and
Fig. 7 is the same view as Fig. 1 , except for it shows a third embodiment of the equipment according to the invention.
With reference to Figs. 1 to 3, a first embodiment of the equipment for printing material in sheet form according to the invention, which is generally indicated with numeral (1 ).
The equipment (1 ) comprises a mold (2). The mold (2) comprises a base (20) and a die (30). The base (20) has a basically flat surface (21 ) facing towards the die (30). The die (30) has one or more cavities (31 ) facing towards the base (30). The cavity (31 ) of the die is shaped according to the shape to be given to a plate (4) of material in sheet form, such as a metal plate.
The equipment also comprises a cushion (5) that is situated between the plate (4) and the base (20), when the mold is open. The term "cushion" indicates gaseous or liquid fluid hermetically contained in a case, but also a pasty fluid, such as silicone paste or gel, which must not be necessarily closed in a case.
In the embodiment shown in Figs. 1 - 3, the cushion (5) has a case (50) that hermetically contains a fluid (51 ).
The case (50) is made of deformable fluid-tight tear-resistant material, which can also be slightly expandable. The case can also be made, for example, of plastic film of suitable thickness or also fabric or non-woven fabric (TNT) which is waterproofed and eventually elasticated.
The fluid (51 ) can be of any type:
- gaseous, such as air,
- liquid, such as water or oil,
- semi-solid or pasty, such as silicone paste or gel. In case of incompressible fluid, such as water or oil, the volume of the fluid (51 ) inside the cushion must be basically equal to the volume defined by the cavity (31 ) of the die (30). In any case the volume of the fluid (51 ) must not be higher than the volume defined by the cavity (31 ). In fact, if the volume of the fluid is higher than the volume of the cavity, waste is obtained in case of pasty material.
In case of compressible fluid, such as air or foam, the volume of the fluid at the maximum pressure, which corresponds to the pressure exerted on the cushion when the mold is closed, must be basically equal to the volume defined by the cavity (31 ) of the mold (30). On the contrary, the volume of compressible fluid at atmospheric pressure is higher than the volume of the cavity (31 ) of the die. In view of the above, during the closing pressure of the mold, the fluid is compressed deforming the cushion that tends to occupy the cavity of the mold.
Referring to Fig. 2, when the mold (2) is closed, by means of a press
(not shown in the figures) the die (30) is moved close to the base (20). Consequently, the cushion (5) is compressed and deformed. In fact, the fluid (51 ) tends to flow towards the area of the cavity (31 ) of the die, exerting pressure on the plate (4) that is exactly deformed in the cavity (31 ) of the die, forming a protuberance (40) that takes the shape of the cavity of the die.
The fluid (51 ) inside the cushion (5) tends to entirely fill the volume of the cavity (31 ) of the die, in such a way to perfectly deform the plate (4) that takes the shape of the cavity of the die.
Referring to Fig. 3, when the mold (2) is open, the cushion (5) resumes the original configuration shown in Fig. 1 and the shaped plate (4) can be extracted from the mold. So the cushion (5) can be reused for another printing cycle.
In the following description identical elements or elements that correspond to the ones described above are indicated with the same numerals, omitting a detailed description.
Referring to Figs. 4 to 6, a second embodiment of the equipment for printing material in sheet form according to the invention is described, which is generally indicated with numeral (100).
In the equipment (100), the base (120) of the mold (2) is provided with a recessed housing (121 ) that is covered by s cover (150), in such a way to form a hermetic chamber (105) that contains the fluid (51 ). The chamber (105) acts as fluid cushion, exactly like in the first embodiment.
The cover (150) can be made of the same material used for the case (50) of the first embodiment.
The second embodiment is provided with feed means (125) to feed the fluid (51 ) in the chamber (105) of the base of the mold, according to the volume of fluid (51 ) required for the printing process.
Referring to Figs. 4 to 6, if the fluid (51 ) is pasty, such as a silicone paste, the formation of a hermetic chamber is not necessary. Therefore the cushion (105) can be made of silicone paste (51 ) only. In fact, when the mold is closed, the shavings of the silicone paste that crosses the air spaces between base (120) and die (30) are very limited.
In such a case, a sheet (150) is positioned on the silicone paste (51 ) provided on the base (120) in order not to get the plate dirty.
Fig. 7 describes a third embodiment of the equipment (200) according to which the base (220) of the mold is provided with two cavities (223) in correspondence with flat surfaces (33) of the die (30). In such a case two cushions of fluid (5) are situated between the flat surfaces (33) of the die and the plate (4) in correspondence with the two cavities (233) of the base.
Numerous variations and modifications can be made to the present embodiments of the invention by an expert of the field, while still falling within the scope of the invention as claimed in the enclosed claims.

Claims

Claims
1 ) Equipment (1 ; 100; 200) for printing plates (4) comprising a mold (2) composed of a base (20; 120) and a die (30) in which at least one cavity (31 ) is obtained to form the plate (4), characterized in that it also comprises a cushion (5; 105) situated between the base (20; 120) and the plate (4), said cushion (5; 105) comprising a fluid (51 ) that, due to pressure exerted when closing the mould (2), flows in such a way to exert pressure on said plate (4) and deform the plate (4) according to the shape of said at least one cavity (31 ) of the die.
2) Equipment (100) as claimed in claim 1 , characterized in that said cushion (105) comprises a pasty fluid (51 ), such as silicone paste or gel.
3) Equipment (1 ) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said cushion (5) comprises a fluid-tight case (50) that hermetically contains said fluid (51 ).
4) Equipment (100) as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said cushion (105) is composed of a hermetic chamber obtained in said base
(120) of the mould by means of a recessed housing (121 ) and a fluid-tight cover (50) coupled with the housing (121 ) of the mould base.
5) Equipment (100) as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that it comprises feed means (125) to feed the fluid (51) in the hermetic chamber (105) of the mold base.
6) Equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said case (50) and/or cover (150) is made of deformable fluid-tight tear-resistant material, such as plastic film or waterproof non-woven fabric.
7) Equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fluid (51 ) contained in the cushion (5; 105) is incompressible and the volume of the fluid (51 ) is basically equal to the volume of the at least one cavity (31 ) of the die.
8) Equipment (200) as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base (220) is provided with at least one cavity (223) in a flat surface (33) of the die and at least one cushion (5) situated between said flat surface (33) of the die and the plate (4) in the at least one cavity (233) of the base.
9) Equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plate (4) is a metal plate.
10) Printing method of plates (4) with equipment as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the following operations:
- positioning of a fluid cushion (5, 105) between the base (20; 120) and the plate (4) when the mold (2) is open, and
- closing of the mold to compress the cushion of fluid that flows exerting pressure on the plate (4) and deforms the plate (4) according to the shape of the at least one cavity (31 ) of the die.
PCT/IT2010/000398 2009-09-22 2010-09-21 Equipment and method for printing material in sheet form, in particular metal plates WO2011036688A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMC2009A000202 2009-09-22
IT000202A ITMC20090202A1 (en) 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 EQUIPMENT AND METHOD FOR MOLDING MATERIAL INTO SHEET, IN PARTICULAR METAL SHEETS.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011036688A1 true WO2011036688A1 (en) 2011-03-31

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT2010/000398 WO2011036688A1 (en) 2009-09-22 2010-09-21 Equipment and method for printing material in sheet form, in particular metal plates

Country Status (2)

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IT (1) ITMC20090202A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2011036688A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012140221A1 (en) * 2011-04-15 2012-10-18 Swerea Ivf Ab Tool arrangement with a protective non-woven protective layer
SE545309C2 (en) * 2018-11-05 2023-06-27 Pulpac AB Forming mould system and method for forming three-dimensional cellulose products

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1929765A1 (en) * 1969-06-12 1970-12-23 Julius Caspers Press Stanz Und Single unit pressed sheet metal sections used - as counter bearings for rubber elastic
GB2151527A (en) * 1983-12-21 1985-07-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd Method of pressing a blank
DE3431312A1 (en) * 1984-08-25 1986-03-06 Karlheinz Prof. Dr. 2305 Heikendorf Körber Method of producing retainers for dental crowns
EP0376808A1 (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-07-04 Isoform Method and device for deep-drawing sheet materials with a stamp deformable underneath a plunger
EP0380894A1 (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-08-08 Isoform Device for deep-drawing sheet materials
EP0664168A1 (en) * 1994-01-21 1995-07-26 Sollac S.A. Device for deep-drawing of a sheet metal blank
WO2003062554A1 (en) * 2002-01-22 2003-07-31 Thyssenkrupp Stahl Ag Wall panel for a curtain wall and a production method therefor

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1929765A1 (en) * 1969-06-12 1970-12-23 Julius Caspers Press Stanz Und Single unit pressed sheet metal sections used - as counter bearings for rubber elastic
GB2151527A (en) * 1983-12-21 1985-07-24 Honda Motor Co Ltd Method of pressing a blank
DE3431312A1 (en) * 1984-08-25 1986-03-06 Karlheinz Prof. Dr. 2305 Heikendorf Körber Method of producing retainers for dental crowns
EP0376808A1 (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-07-04 Isoform Method and device for deep-drawing sheet materials with a stamp deformable underneath a plunger
EP0380894A1 (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-08-08 Isoform Device for deep-drawing sheet materials
EP0664168A1 (en) * 1994-01-21 1995-07-26 Sollac S.A. Device for deep-drawing of a sheet metal blank
WO2003062554A1 (en) * 2002-01-22 2003-07-31 Thyssenkrupp Stahl Ag Wall panel for a curtain wall and a production method therefor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012140221A1 (en) * 2011-04-15 2012-10-18 Swerea Ivf Ab Tool arrangement with a protective non-woven protective layer
CN103534047A (en) * 2011-04-15 2014-01-22 斯威尔Ivf股份有限公司 Tool arrangement with a protective non-woven protective layer
US8910503B2 (en) 2011-04-15 2014-12-16 Swerea Ivf Ab Tool arrangement with a protective non-woven protective layer
SE545309C2 (en) * 2018-11-05 2023-06-27 Pulpac AB Forming mould system and method for forming three-dimensional cellulose products

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