EP0663678B1 - Temperature limiter - Google Patents

Temperature limiter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0663678B1
EP0663678B1 EP95420006A EP95420006A EP0663678B1 EP 0663678 B1 EP0663678 B1 EP 0663678B1 EP 95420006 A EP95420006 A EP 95420006A EP 95420006 A EP95420006 A EP 95420006A EP 0663678 B1 EP0663678 B1 EP 0663678B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
temperature limiter
limiter according
magnet
tube
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EP95420006A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0663678A1 (en
Inventor
Jean Serigny
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Cotherm SA
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Cotherm SA
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Priority claimed from FR9400564A external-priority patent/FR2715245B1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/32—Thermally-sensitive members
    • H01H37/58—Thermally-sensitive members actuated due to thermally controlled change of magnetic permeability

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to improvements made to temperature limiters intended to ensure the safety of a heating system any heating and in particular of a halogen cooking stove and / or radiant whose heating power is regulated by a metering device energy or by any other system, because it is in this case that its application seems to be of most interest.
  • French patent 1,204,872 describes an alarm device for an engine thermal based on the sudden change in magnetic permeability (Curie point) of a pellet made of an alloy of composition appropriate and which cooperates with an elastically loaded mobile assembly in combination with a magnet so as to control the opening of the electrical circuit contacts.
  • the temperature limiter according to the French patent cited above has a main drawback concerning the nature of the materials used. Indeed, the tube containing the crew mobile is made of stainless steel, so that its expansion harms when the device is triggered precisely at the desired temperature. In the more the distance between the magnet and the pad is increased metal alloy, the more the attraction force decreases, so that the magnet is more quickly released from said pellet. It follows a decrease in the speed of tripping and resetting, because the force of the spring approaches the force of attraction between the magnet and the tablet. In addition, the stainless steel tube does not guarantee insulation electric between the metal parts and the cooking hearth under pressure.
  • the device according to the French patent considered comprises a second disadvantage consisting in the fact that the magnet is placed at the end of the device, so where the temperature is higher.
  • the limit of use of resistant permanent magnets the best at temperature is of the order of 500 ° C. So in these conditions, the magnet will quickly lose its permeability magnetic, therefore of its force of attraction.
  • the following device French patent 1,204,872 is a safety device and not a temperature limiter to operate a large number of times around the limit temperature.
  • limiters which are in the form of a probe placed near lamps or resistors and which are made up of two elements, a glass tube which practically does not expand pitch and a metal rod expanding inside said tube.
  • the relative position of the two elements must be adjusted to obtain the triggering at the right temperature, which constitutes operations long and expensive.
  • the product is fragile.
  • the improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and allow the realization of a temperature limiter which responds better than hitherto to the requirements of practice, especially when associated with a home halogen and / or radiant firing to protect the ceramic hob arranged above said hearth and receiving the utensils of cooking.
  • the temperature limiter comprises a ceramic housing communicating with at least one ceramic tube which includes an alloy pellet with a determined Curie temperature, a magnet integral with a plunger, which comprises adjustment means for the recovery of functional games, said means cooperating in the inside of the case with an elastic blade constrained so as to act as a return spring to exert a pressing force capable of controlling the opening and closing of contacts belonging to an electrical circuit.
  • the temperature limiter may further include means for controlling the opening and closing of a signaling circuit so that it is open in the temperature range between 0 and 50 to 60 ° C and closed between this temperature zone and the opening temperature of the main circuit in order, in this case, to switch on a signal lamp.
  • the limiter according to the invention is intended to replace those using the principle of differential dilation which prove on the one hand very fragile and also very bulky due to the materials used (quartz tube).
  • the limiter according to the invention is more polivalent because of its short tube which fits on different cooking zones diameters.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a temperature limiter according to the invention in the rest state.
  • Fig. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1, but showing the limiter in operation, i.e. interrupting the circuit of the protected device.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates a first variant of the limiter of FIG. 1.
  • the high temperature limiter illustrated in fig. 1 essentially comprises a ceramic tube 1, one end of which is closed by a patch 2 made of a metal alloy with a determined point of curie, while its opposite end is integral with a housing 3 also provided in ceramic. It is observed that the face of the housing 3 on which the tube 1 is applied has a hole 3 a whose geometric axis extends that of the tube 1.
  • the housing also has a peripheral partition 3 b in which is formed a hole 3 c of which l the geometric axis corresponds to that of the hole 3 a and of the tube 1.
  • a stationary contact 4 mounted on a rigid plate 4 and a second contact 5 is supported by an elastic blade 5 of the leaf spring type.
  • a stop 3 d of the housing limits the movement of the blade 5, as will be better explained below.
  • the pellet 2 made of a metal alloy with a determined Curie point is arranged in a recess 1 a provided at the end of the tube 1.
  • the tube contains a magnet 6 which is in the form of a solid cylinder and which can move longitudinally freely in the bore of the tube 1.
  • the magnet 6 is of the ALNICO type, that is to say composed of aluminum, nickel and cobalt so that it can operate up to neighboring temperatures of 550 ° C without said magnet losing its magnetic properties.
  • a plunger made of magnetic material 7 is mounted with free sliding, one end of which is pressed against the magnet by welding, bonding or magnetism, while its other end is pierced with a smooth bore 7 a receiving a clamping screw 7 b for blocking a rod 8.
  • the latter is provided with a ceramic head 8 a allowing the spring blade to be hooked 5.
  • the rod 8 allows, due to its sliding to the inside the bore 7 a of the plunger 7 to make a length adjustment to recover differences in functional clearances incompatible with the proper functioning of the limiter. When the adjustments are made, the rod 8 is immobilized by means of the screw 7 b inside the bore 7 a of the plunger 7. It goes without saying that the Curie temperature of the plunger 7 must be greater than that of the tablet 2.
  • the housing 3 and the magnet 6 are obtained by molding or sintering at high temperature and because of the materials used undergo shrinkage important and uncontrollable during cooling.
  • the temperature of regulation is a function of the force binding the magnet 6 to the pad 2 in alloy at determined curie temperature, excluding the value thereof is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
  • the elastic blade 5 is constrained, that is to say placed in its deformed position when the magnet 6 is in contact with the pad 2, while it returns to its rest position when the magnet 6 is no longer attracted to the pellet 2 due to its demagnetization by increasing the temperature in its vicinity.
  • blade 5 responsible for the elastic return of the magnet 6 and the current flow must be carried out in an alloy of the NICKEL-BERYLLIUM type which is the only one to guarantee both excellent characteristics mechanical and good electrical conductivity.
  • FIG. 3 Illustrated in fig. 3 an alternative embodiment of the limiter illustrated in fig. 1 and 2.
  • the elements corresponding to those of fig. 1 and 2 have been referenced by the same numbers and the same clues.
  • the purpose of the variant illustrated in FIG. 3 consists in addition providing means for controlling the opening and closing of a signaling circuit 11 so that it is open in the temperature range between 0 and 50 to 60 ° C. and closed between these latter temperatures and that of opening the main circuit 12 so as, in the latter case, to supply a warning lamp 11 a signaling that the device associated with the limiter in question is still hot.
  • the housing 3 is provided to receive a second tube 1 'parallel and identical to the first 1 and in which are introduced a pellet 2 ', a magnet 6' a plunger 7 'and an 8 'rod.
  • the 2 'pastille has a Curie point corresponding to about 50 to 60 ° C, different from that of tablet 2 of the first tube 1.
  • the plunger 7 ' has a bore 7' a and a screw 7 ' b for adjusting the length of the rod 8'.
  • the Curie temperature of the plunger 7 ' is also higher than that of the pellet 2'.
  • the shape of the internal partitions is slightly modified to constitute two separate spaces 3 e , 3 f separated by an internal partition 3 g .
  • the fixed contact 4 mounted on a rigid plate 4 and a second contact 5 is supported by an elastic blade 5 which is connected to the plunger 7 by means of the rod 8.
  • the contacts 4 a and 5 a of the wafer 4 and of the blade 5 are connected to the main supply circuit 12 via the terminals 9 and 10.
  • the latter contains a rigid tongue 13 the end of which comprises a fixed contact 13 a and a second elastic blade 14 which carries at its free end a movable contact 14 a .
  • the tongue 13 is connected to an output terminal 15 and the blade 14 has a output terminal 16 from which the signaling circuit is connected 11.
  • the plungers 7 and 7 ′ are connected respectively to the elastic blades 6 and 14 according to the arrangement shown in fig. 1 and 2.
  • the plungers 7, 7 ' respectively comprise an adjustable rod 8 and 8' secured to a latching system or head 8 a, 8 'is made of ceramic or metal.
  • the elastic blades 6 and 14 are previously deformed to respectively exert a pressure force between the contacts 4 a and 5 a ; 13 a and 14 a .
  • the limiter according to the invention is at the rest state, i.e. the main supply circuit 12 of the associated device can be switched on.
  • the pad 2 When we reach fifty degrees C, the pad 2 'ceases to be magnetic, so that the magnet 6' moves under the effect of the reaction of the elastic blade 14. The displacement of the plunger 7 'leads that of the magnet 6', so that the contacts 13a and 14a come to lie one on the other. In this position, the signaling circuit 11 is closed as well as the main supply circuit 12, so that the device can continue to heat. When it reaches the temperature set for the demagnetization of the pellet 2, the blade 5 acts on the magnet 6 to move it, so that the contacts 4 a and 5 a separate. Under these conditions, the supply circuit is cut.
  • the temperature drops, the contacts 4 a , 5 a close and the magnet 6 again comes into contact with the pad 2.
  • the pellet 2 'attracts the magnet 6', so that the plunger 7 'is moved, so that the blade 14 is deformed and that the contacts 13 a and 14 a separate.
  • the limiter described above is called to operate at high temperature, that is to say in an environment of 500 ° C to 600 ° C for the tube 1, 1 'and 250 ° C for the housing 3 and more particularly the part containing the contacts 4 a, 5 a, 13 a, 14 a, forcing choosing very specific materials to resist all stresses.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

The temperature limiter includes a ceramic box (3) communicating with at least one ceramic tube (1). The tube contains a pastille of temperature alloy (2) with a given Curie temperature. A magnet (6) is solidly attached to a plunger (7) comprising an adjustment (7a,7b,8) for recovering the operational play. These components co-operates within the box (3) with an elastic lamella (5) which is bent in order to form a return spring. This arranged in order to open and close the contacts (4a, 5a).

Description

La présente invention est relative à des perfectionnements apportés aux limiteurs de température destinés à assurer la sécurité d'un système de chauffage quelconque et en particulier d'un foyer de cuisson halogène et/ou radiant dont la puissance de chauffe est régulée par un doseur d'énergie ou par tout autre système, car c'est dans ce cas que son application paraít devoir présenter le plus d'intérêt.The present invention relates to improvements made to temperature limiters intended to ensure the safety of a heating system any heating and in particular of a halogen cooking stove and / or radiant whose heating power is regulated by a metering device energy or by any other system, because it is in this case that its application seems to be of most interest.

Le brevet français 1 204 872 décrit un dispositif d'alarme pour moteur thermique basé sur la brusque variation de la perméabilité magnétique (point de Curie) d'une pastille réalisée en un alliage de composition appropriée et qui coopère avec un équipage mobile chargé élastiquement en combinaison avec un aimant de manière à commander l'ouverture des contacts d'un circuit électrique. Le limiteur de température suivant le brevet français précité présente un inconvénient principal concernant la nature des matériaux utilisés. En effet, le tube renfermant l'équipage mobile est réalisé en acier inoxydable, si bien que sa dilatation nuit au déclenchement précis de l'appareil à la température désirée. En effet, plus on augmente la distance entre l'aimant et la pastille en alliage métallique, plus la force d'attraction diminue, si bien que l'aimant est plus rapidement libéré de ladite pastille. Il s'ensuit une diminution de la rapidité de déclenchement et de réenclenchement, car la force du ressort se rapproche de la force d'attraction entre l'aimant et la pastille. De plus, le tube en acier inoxydable ne garantit pas l'isolation électrique entre les parties métalliques et le foyer de cuisson sous tension.French patent 1,204,872 describes an alarm device for an engine thermal based on the sudden change in magnetic permeability (Curie point) of a pellet made of an alloy of composition appropriate and which cooperates with an elastically loaded mobile assembly in combination with a magnet so as to control the opening of the electrical circuit contacts. The temperature limiter according to the French patent cited above has a main drawback concerning the nature of the materials used. Indeed, the tube containing the crew mobile is made of stainless steel, so that its expansion harms when the device is triggered precisely at the desired temperature. In the more the distance between the magnet and the pad is increased metal alloy, the more the attraction force decreases, so that the magnet is more quickly released from said pellet. It follows a decrease in the speed of tripping and resetting, because the force of the spring approaches the force of attraction between the magnet and the tablet. In addition, the stainless steel tube does not guarantee insulation electric between the metal parts and the cooking hearth under pressure.

Le dispositif suivant le brevet français considéré comporte un second inconvénient consistant dans le fait que l'aimant se trouve placé à l'extrémité du dispositif, donc à l'endroit où la température est la plus élevée. Or, la limite d'utilisation des aimants permanents résistant le mieux à la température est de l'ordre de 500°C. Donc, dans ces conditions, l'aimant est amené à perdre rapidement de sa perméabilité magnétique, donc de sa force d'attraction. Enfin, le dispositif suivant le brevet français 1 204 872 est un dispositif de sécurité et non pas un limiteur de température devant fonctionner un grand nombre de fois autour de la température limite.The device according to the French patent considered comprises a second disadvantage consisting in the fact that the magnet is placed at the end of the device, so where the temperature is higher. However, the limit of use of resistant permanent magnets the best at temperature is of the order of 500 ° C. So in these conditions, the magnet will quickly lose its permeability magnetic, therefore of its force of attraction. Finally, the following device French patent 1,204,872 is a safety device and not a temperature limiter to operate a large number of times around the limit temperature.

On connaít aussi des limiteurs qui se présentent sous la forme d'une sonde disposée à proximité de lampes ou de résistances et qui sont constitués de deux éléments, un tube de verre qui ne se dilate pratiquement pas et une tige de métal se dilatant à l'intérieur dudit tube. Il faut ajuster la position relative des deux éléments pour obtenir le déclenchement à la bonne température, ce qui constitue des opérations longues et coûteuses. De plus, le produit est fragile.There are also known limiters which are in the form of a probe placed near lamps or resistors and which are made up of two elements, a glass tube which practically does not expand pitch and a metal rod expanding inside said tube. The relative position of the two elements must be adjusted to obtain the triggering at the right temperature, which constitutes operations long and expensive. In addition, the product is fragile.

Les perfectionnements qui font l'objet de la présente invention visent à remédier aux inconvénients précités et à permettre la réalisation d'un limiteur de température qui réponde mieux que jusqu'à présent aux desiderata de la pratique, en particulier lorsqu'il est associé à un foyer de cuisson halogène et/ou radiant en vue de protéger la plaque vitro-céramique disposée au-dessus dudit foyer et recevant les ustensiles de cuisson.The improvements which are the subject of the present invention aim to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and allow the realization of a temperature limiter which responds better than hitherto to the requirements of practice, especially when associated with a home halogen and / or radiant firing to protect the ceramic hob arranged above said hearth and receiving the utensils of cooking.

A cet effet, le limiteur de température suivant l'invention comprend un boítier en céramique communiquant avec au moins un tube en céramique qui comporte une pastille en alliage à température de Curie déterminée, un aimant solidaire d'un plongeur, lequel comprend des moyens de réglage pour la récupération des jeux fonctionnels, lesdits moyens coopérant à l'intérieur du boítier avec une lame élastique contrainte de manière à jouer le rôle d'un ressort de rappel pour exercer une force de pression susceptible de commander l'ouverture et la fermeture de contacts appartenant à un circuit électrique.To this end, the temperature limiter according to the invention comprises a ceramic housing communicating with at least one ceramic tube which includes an alloy pellet with a determined Curie temperature, a magnet integral with a plunger, which comprises adjustment means for the recovery of functional games, said means cooperating in the inside of the case with an elastic blade constrained so as to act as a return spring to exert a pressing force capable of controlling the opening and closing of contacts belonging to an electrical circuit.

En variante, le limiteur de température peut comporter en outre des moyens de commander l'ouverture et la fermeture d'un circuit de signalisation afin que ce dernier soit ouvert dans la plage de température comprise entre 0 et 50 à 60°C et fermé entre cette zone de température et la température d'ouverture du circuit principal afin, dans ce cas, de mettre une lampe de signalisation sous tension.Alternatively, the temperature limiter may further include means for controlling the opening and closing of a signaling circuit so that it is open in the temperature range between 0 and 50 to 60 ° C and closed between this temperature zone and the opening temperature of the main circuit in order, in this case, to switch on a signal lamp.

Le limiteur suivant l'invention est prévu pour remplacer ceux utilisant le principe de la dilatation différentielle qui s'avèrent d'une part très fragiles et d'autre part très encombrants du fait des matériaux utilisés (tube quartz).The limiter according to the invention is intended to replace those using the principle of differential dilation which prove on the one hand very fragile and also very bulky due to the materials used (quartz tube).

De plus le limiteur suivant l'invention est plus polivalent du fait de son tube court qui s'adapte sur des foyers de cuisson de différents diamètres. In addition, the limiter according to the invention is more polivalent because of its short tube which fits on different cooking zones diameters.

Le dessin annexé, donné à titre d'exemple, permettra de mieux comprendre l'invention, les caractéristiques qu'elle présente et les avantages qu'elle est susceptible de procurer :The attached drawing, given as an example, will allow a better understanding the invention, the features it presents and the advantages that it is likely to provide:

Fig. 1 est une coupe longitudinale d'un limiteur de température suivant l'invention à l'état de repos.Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a temperature limiter according to the invention in the rest state.

Fig. 2 est une vue semblable à celle de fig. 1, mais montrant le limiteur en fonctionnement, c'est-à-dire interrompant le circuit d'alimentation de l'appareil protégé.Fig. 2 is a view similar to that of FIG. 1, but showing the limiter in operation, i.e. interrupting the circuit of the protected device.

Fig. 3 illustre une première variante du limiteur de fig. 1.Fig. 3 illustrates a first variant of the limiter of FIG. 1.

Le limiteur de haute température illustré en fig. 1 comprend essentiellement un tube en céramique 1 dont l'une des extrémités est fermée par une pastille 2 réalisée en un alliage métallique à point de curie déterminé, tandis que son extrémité opposée est solidaire d'un boítier 3 prévu également en céramique. On observe que la face du boítier 3 sur laquelle est appliqué le tube 1 comporte un trou 3a dont l'axe géométrique prolonge celui du tube 1. Le boítier comporte encore une cloison périphérique 3b dans laquelle est ménagé un trou 3c dont l'axe géométrique correspond à celui du trou 3a et du tube 1.The high temperature limiter illustrated in fig. 1 essentially comprises a ceramic tube 1, one end of which is closed by a patch 2 made of a metal alloy with a determined point of curie, while its opposite end is integral with a housing 3 also provided in ceramic. It is observed that the face of the housing 3 on which the tube 1 is applied has a hole 3 a whose geometric axis extends that of the tube 1. The housing also has a peripheral partition 3 b in which is formed a hole 3 c of which l the geometric axis corresponds to that of the hole 3 a and of the tube 1.

Dans le boítier 3 se trouve un contact fixe 4a monté sur une plaquette rigide 4 et un second contact 5a porté par une lame élastique 5 du type lame ressort. Une butée 3d du boítier limite le déplacement de la lame 5, comme on l'expliquera mieux plus loin.In the housing 3 is a stationary contact 4 mounted on a rigid plate 4 and a second contact 5 is supported by an elastic blade 5 of the leaf spring type. A stop 3 d of the housing limits the movement of the blade 5, as will be better explained below.

La pastille 2 réalisée en un alliage métallique à point de Curie déterminé est disposée dans un chambrage 1a prévu à l'extrémité du tube 1. Le tube contient un aimant 6 se présentant sous la forme d'un cylindre plein et qui peut se déplacer longitudinalement de manière libre dans l'alésage du tube 1. L'aimant 6 est du type ALNICO, c'est-à-dire composé d'aluminium, de nickel et de cobalt pour qu'il puisse fonctionner jusqu'à des températures voisines de 550°C sans que ledit aimant ne perde ses propriétés magnétiques.The pellet 2 made of a metal alloy with a determined Curie point is arranged in a recess 1 a provided at the end of the tube 1. The tube contains a magnet 6 which is in the form of a solid cylinder and which can move longitudinally freely in the bore of the tube 1. The magnet 6 is of the ALNICO type, that is to say composed of aluminum, nickel and cobalt so that it can operate up to neighboring temperatures of 550 ° C without said magnet losing its magnetic properties.

Dans le trou 3a est monté à coulissement libre un plongeur en matière magnétique 7 dont l'une des extrémités est plaquée contre l'aimant par soudage, collage ou par magnétisme, tandis que son autre extrémité est percée d'un alésage lisse 7a recevant une vis de serrage 7b pour le blocage d'une tige 8. Cette dernière est pourvue d'une tête 8a en céramique permettant l'accrochage de la lame ressort 5. La tige 8 permet du fait de son coulissement à l'intérieur de l'alésage 7a du plongeur 7 d'effectuer un réglage en longueur pour récupérer des différences de jeux fonctionnels incompatibles avec le bon fonctionnement du limiteur. Lorsque les réglages sont réalisés, la tige 8 est immobilisée par l'intermédiaire de la vis 7b à l'intérieur de l'alésage 7a du plongeur 7. Il va de soi que la température de Curie du plongeur 7 doit être supérieure à celle de la pastille 2.In the hole 3 a, a plunger made of magnetic material 7 is mounted with free sliding, one end of which is pressed against the magnet by welding, bonding or magnetism, while its other end is pierced with a smooth bore 7 a receiving a clamping screw 7 b for blocking a rod 8. The latter is provided with a ceramic head 8 a allowing the spring blade to be hooked 5. The rod 8 allows, due to its sliding to the inside the bore 7 a of the plunger 7 to make a length adjustment to recover differences in functional clearances incompatible with the proper functioning of the limiter. When the adjustments are made, the rod 8 is immobilized by means of the screw 7 b inside the bore 7 a of the plunger 7. It goes without saying that the Curie temperature of the plunger 7 must be greater than that of the tablet 2.

En effet, l'emploi de céramique pour le boítier 3 et d'aluminium, nickel, cobalt (ALNICO) pour l'aimant 6 impose d'avoir recours à un système de compensation des dispersions sur la dimension des pièces qui est obtenu par le réglage en longueur de la tige 8 du fait des mauvaises tolérances de fabrication des matériaux utilisés.Indeed, the use of ceramic for the housing 3 and aluminum, nickel, cobalt (ALNICO) for magnet 6 requires the use of a compensation system for dispersions on the size of the parts which is obtained by adjusting the length of the rod 8 due to the bad manufacturing tolerances of the materials used.

Le boítier 3 et l'aimant 6 sont obtenus par moulage ou frittage à haute température et du fait des matériaux employés subissent des retraits importants et incontrôlables lors du refroidissement.The housing 3 and the magnet 6 are obtained by molding or sintering at high temperature and because of the materials used undergo shrinkage important and uncontrollable during cooling.

Ainsi le réglage de chaque limiteur est indispensable pour garantir la reproductivité de la température de régulation. En effet, la température de régulation est fonction de la force liant l'aimant 6 à la pastille 2 en alliage à température du curie déterminé, hors la valeur de celle-ci est inversement proportionnelle au carré de la distance les séparant.Thus the adjustment of each limiter is essential to guarantee the reproducibility of the regulation temperature. Indeed, the temperature of regulation is a function of the force binding the magnet 6 to the pad 2 in alloy at determined curie temperature, excluding the value thereof is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Il en découle par exemple que si un entrefer apparaít à cause d'un aimant trop court ou d'un logement en céramique trop long par rapport à la longueur nominale permettant la régulation à la température désirée, le limiteur régulera à une température plus basse que celle à laquelle il doit fonctionner.It follows for example that if an air gap appears because of a magnet too short or ceramic housing too long compared to the nominal length allowing regulation at the desired temperature, the limiter will regulate at a lower temperature than that at which it must work.

Le fonctionnement est le suivant :The operation is as follows:

Dans la position de fig. 1, il est possible de mettre sous tension le circuit d'alimentation du foyer chauffant branché à des bornes 9, 10 reliées aux contacts 4a et 5a de la plaquette 4 et de la lame 5. Les caractéristiques de la pastille 2 sont telles qu'à partir d'une certaine température, par exemple 550°C, cette pastille est démagnétisée, de sorte que l'aimant 6 n'est plus attiré par elle . A ce moment, la lame élastique 5 devient prépondérante et fait déplacer l'ensemble des trois pièces 6, 7, 8 vers la gauche, de telle sorte que la lame 5 vient en appui contre la butée 3d et que les contacts 4a, 5a se séparent pour ouvrir le circuit. L'alimentation de l'appareil surveillé est donc interrompue. A ce moment, il existe un jeu X entre l'aimant 6 et la pastille 2 qui se trouve bien entendu fixe en translation (fig. 2).In the position of fig. 1, it is possible to turn on the power supply circuit of the heating hearth connected to terminals 9, 10 connected to the contacts 4 a and 5 a of the plate 4 and of the blade 5. The characteristics of the pad 2 are such that from a certain temperature, for example 550 ° C., this pellet is demagnetized, so that the magnet 6 is no longer attracted to it. At this moment, the elastic blade 5 becomes preponderant and causes all of the three parts 6, 7, 8 to move to the left, so that the blade 5 comes to bear against the stop 3 d and that the contacts 4 a , 5 a separate to open the circuit. The power supply to the monitored device is therefore interrupted. At this time, there is a clearance X between the magnet 6 and the pad 2 which is of course fixed in translation (fig. 2).

Lorsque le circuit aboutissant aux bornes 9, 10 est coupé, la température de l'appareil baisse, de telle sorte que la pastille 2 retrouvant ses qualités d'attirance, l'aimant 6 se déplace alors vers la droite en direction de ladite pastille sur la longueur du jeu X. Comme le plongeur 7 est métallique, il est également déplacé par l'aimant à condition bien entendu que la force d'attraction magnétique soit supérieure à la réaction de la lame élastique 5. Dans ces conditions, l'élasticité de la lame 5 participe au déplacement vers la droite de l'aimant 6, du plongeur 7, de telle sorte que les contacts 4a, 5a se referment à nouveau et l'on revient à la position de fig. 1.When the circuit leading to terminals 9, 10 is cut, the temperature of the device drops, so that the patch 2 regains its qualities of attraction, the magnet 6 then moves to the right towards said patch on the length of the clearance X. As the plunger 7 is metallic, it is also moved by the magnet provided of course that the magnetic attraction force is greater than the reaction of the elastic blade 5. Under these conditions, the elasticity of the blade 5 participates in the movement to the right of the magnet 6, of the plunger 7, so that the contacts 4 a , 5 a close again and one returns to the position of fig. 1.

On remarque que la lame élastique 5 est contrainte, c'est-à-dire placée dans sa position déformée lorsque l'aimant 6 est au contact de la pastille 2, tandis qu'elle revient dans sa position de repos lorsque l'aimant 6 n'est plus attiré par la pastille 2 du fait de sa démagnétisation par l'augmentation de la température à son voisinage.Note that the elastic blade 5 is constrained, that is to say placed in its deformed position when the magnet 6 is in contact with the pad 2, while it returns to its rest position when the magnet 6 is no longer attracted to the pellet 2 due to its demagnetization by increasing the temperature in its vicinity.

On note que la lame 5 chargée du rappel élastique de l'aimant 6 et du passage du courant doit être réalisée dans un alliage du type NICKEL-BERYLLIUM qui est le seul à garantir à la fois d'excellentes caractéristiques mécaniques et une bonne conductivité électrique.Note that the blade 5 responsible for the elastic return of the magnet 6 and the current flow must be carried out in an alloy of the NICKEL-BERYLLIUM type which is the only one to guarantee both excellent characteristics mechanical and good electrical conductivity.

On a illustré en fig. 3 une variante d'exécution du limiteur illustré en fig. 1 et 2. Sur cette figure, les éléments correspondant à ceux de fig. 1 et 2 ont été référencés par les mêmes chiffres et les mêmes indices.Illustrated in fig. 3 an alternative embodiment of the limiter illustrated in fig. 1 and 2. In this figure, the elements corresponding to those of fig. 1 and 2 have been referenced by the same numbers and the same clues.

Le but de la variante illustrée en fig. 3 consiste à prévoir en outre des moyens de commander l'ouverture et la fermeture d'un circuit de signalisation 11 afin qu'il soit ouvert dans la plage de températures comprise entre 0 et 50 à 60°C et fermé entre ces dernières températures et celle d'ouverture du circuit principal 12 de manière, dans ce dernier cas, à alimenter une lampe témoin 11a signalant que l'appareil associé au limiteur considéré est encore chaud.The purpose of the variant illustrated in FIG. 3 consists in addition providing means for controlling the opening and closing of a signaling circuit 11 so that it is open in the temperature range between 0 and 50 to 60 ° C. and closed between these latter temperatures and that of opening the main circuit 12 so as, in the latter case, to supply a warning lamp 11 a signaling that the device associated with the limiter in question is still hot.

Conformément à la variante de fig. 3, le boítier 3 est prévu pour recevoir un second tube 1' parallèle et identique au premier 1 et dans lequel sont introduits une pastille 2', un aimant 6' un plongeur 7' et une tige 8' . La pastille 2' présente un point de Curie correspondant à environ 50 à 60°C, différent de celui de la pastille 2 du premier tube 1.According to the variant of fig. 3, the housing 3 is provided to receive a second tube 1 'parallel and identical to the first 1 and in which are introduced a pellet 2 ', a magnet 6' a plunger 7 'and an 8 'rod. The 2 'pastille has a Curie point corresponding to about 50 to 60 ° C, different from that of tablet 2 of the first tube 1.

Il va de soi que le plongeur 7' comporte un alésage 7'a et une vis 7'b pour le réglage en longueur de la tige 8' . La température de Curie du plongeur 7' est en outre supérieure à celle de la pastille 2' .It goes without saying that the plunger 7 'has a bore 7' a and a screw 7 ' b for adjusting the length of the rod 8'. The Curie temperature of the plunger 7 'is also higher than that of the pellet 2'.

Dans le boítier 3, la forme des cloisons internes est légèrement modifiée pour constituer deux espaces distincts 3e, 3f séparés par une cloison interne 3g.In the housing 3, the shape of the internal partitions is slightly modified to constitute two separate spaces 3 e , 3 f separated by an internal partition 3 g .

A l'intérieur de l'espace 3e se trouve le contact fixe 4a monté sur une plaquette rigide 4 et un second contact 5a porté par une lame élastique 5 qui est reliée au plongeur 7 par l'intermédiaire de la tige 8. Les contacts 4a et 5a de la plaquette 4 et de la lame 5 sont reliés au circuit d'alimentation principal 12 par l'intermédiaire des bornes 9 et 10.Inside the space 3 e is the fixed contact 4 mounted on a rigid plate 4 and a second contact 5 is supported by an elastic blade 5 which is connected to the plunger 7 by means of the rod 8. The contacts 4 a and 5 a of the wafer 4 and of the blade 5 are connected to the main supply circuit 12 via the terminals 9 and 10.

En ce qui concerne l'espace 3f, ce dernier renferme une languette rigide 13 dont l'extrémité comporte un contact fixe 13a et une seconde lame élastique 14 qui porte à son extrémité libre un contact mobile 14a.With regard to the space 3 f , the latter contains a rigid tongue 13 the end of which comprises a fixed contact 13 a and a second elastic blade 14 which carries at its free end a movable contact 14 a .

La languette 13 est reliée à une borne de sortie 15 et la lame 14 a une borne de sortie 16 à partir desquelles est branché le circuit de signalisation 11.The tongue 13 is connected to an output terminal 15 and the blade 14 has a output terminal 16 from which the signaling circuit is connected 11.

Suivant la variante de fig. 3, on remarque que les plongeurs 7 et 7' sont reliés respectivement aux lames élastiques 6 et 14 selon l'agencement représenté en fig. 1 et 2. En effet, les plongeurs 7, 7' comportent respectivement une tige réglable 8 et 8' solidaire d'un système d'accrochage ou tête 8a, 8'a réalisé en céramique ou en métal. Dans cette variante, les lames élastiques 6 et 14 sont préalablement déformées pour excercer respectivement une force de pression entre les contacts 4a et 5a ; 13a et 14a.According to the variant of fig. 3, it can be seen that the plungers 7 and 7 ′ are connected respectively to the elastic blades 6 and 14 according to the arrangement shown in fig. 1 and 2. In fact, the plungers 7, 7 'respectively comprise an adjustable rod 8 and 8' secured to a latching system or head 8 a, 8 'is made of ceramic or metal. In this variant, the elastic blades 6 and 14 are previously deformed to respectively exert a pressure force between the contacts 4 a and 5 a ; 13 a and 14 a .

Dans la position illustrée fig. 3, le limiteur suivant l'invention est à l'état de repos, c'est-à-dire que le circuit principal d'alimentation 12 de l'appareil associé peut être placé sous tension.In the position illustrated in fig. 3, the limiter according to the invention is at the rest state, i.e. the main supply circuit 12 of the associated device can be switched on.

Si c'est le cas, il y a élévation de la température ambiante. Lorsqu'on arrive à une cinquantaine de degrés C, la pastille 2' cesse d'être magnétique, de telle sorte que l'aimant 6' se déplace sous l'effet de la réaction de la lame élastique 14. Le déplacement du plongeur 7' entraíne celui de l'aimant 6', de telle sorte que les contacts 13a et 14a viennent s'appliquer l'un sur l'autre. Dans cette position, le circuit de signalisation 11 est fermé ainsi que le circuit principal d'alimentation 12, de sorte que l'appareil peut continuer à chauffer. Lorsqu'il atteint la température fixée pour la démagnétisation de la pastille 2, la lame 5 agit sur l'aimant 6 pour le déplacer, de telle sorte que les contacts 4a et 5a se séparent. Dans ces conditions, le circuit d'alimentation est coupé.If this is the case, there is an increase in the ambient temperature. When we reach fifty degrees C, the pad 2 'ceases to be magnetic, so that the magnet 6' moves under the effect of the reaction of the elastic blade 14. The displacement of the plunger 7 'leads that of the magnet 6', so that the contacts 13a and 14a come to lie one on the other. In this position, the signaling circuit 11 is closed as well as the main supply circuit 12, so that the device can continue to heat. When it reaches the temperature set for the demagnetization of the pellet 2, the blade 5 acts on the magnet 6 to move it, so that the contacts 4 a and 5 a separate. Under these conditions, the supply circuit is cut.

Lorsque l'alimentation de l'appareil est ensuite coupée volontairement par l'utilisateur, la température redescend, les contacts 4a, 5a se ferment et l'aimant 6 vient à nouveau en contact avec la pastille 2. Lorsque la température atteint 50 à 60°C, la pastille 2' attire l'aimant 6', de telle sorte que le plongeur 7' est déplacé, si bien que la lame 14 est déformée et que les contacts 13a et 14a se séparent.When the power supply to the device is then cut off voluntarily by the user, the temperature drops, the contacts 4 a , 5 a close and the magnet 6 again comes into contact with the pad 2. When the temperature reaches 50 at 60 ° C, the pellet 2 'attracts the magnet 6', so that the plunger 7 'is moved, so that the blade 14 is deformed and that the contacts 13 a and 14 a separate.

On notera que le limiteur décrit précédemment est appelé à fonctionner à haute température, c'est-à-dire dans un milieu de 500°C à 600°C pour le tube 1, 1' et 250°C pour le boítier 3 et plus particulièrement la partie contenant les contacts 4a, 5a, 13a, 14a, ce qui oblige à choisir des matériaux très spécifiques pour résister à l'ensemble des contraintes.Note that the limiter described above is called to operate at high temperature, that is to say in an environment of 500 ° C to 600 ° C for the tube 1, 1 'and 250 ° C for the housing 3 and more particularly the part containing the contacts 4 a, 5 a, 13 a, 14 a, forcing choosing very specific materials to resist all stresses.

On constate que le limiteur est entièrement automatique, c'est-à-dire sans réarmement manuel comme ceux de l'art antérieur. It can be seen that the limiter is fully automatic, that is to say without manual reset like those of the prior art.

Il va de soi que les matériaux utilisés dans le limiteur de fig. 3 sont identiques à ceux préconisés pour celui de fig. 1 et 2.It goes without saying that the materials used in the limiter of FIG. 3 are identical to those recommended for that of fig. 1 and 2.

Claims (12)

  1. Temperature limiter of the kind comprising a tube containing a pill, made of an alloy having a magnetic permeability limited by its Curie point, which engages with an elastically loaded moveable assembly in combination with a magnet capable of causing contacts of a main electrical circuit to open, characterized in that it comprises a ceramic casing (3) which communicates with at least one tube (1, 1') made of ceramic which includes a pill (2, 2') made of an alloy having a defined Curie temperature, a magnet (6, 6') fastened to a plunger (7, 7') having adjustment means for recovering the functional clearances, the said means engaging inside the casing (3) with a springy blade (5, 14) stressed so as to act as a return spring in order to exert a compressive force capable of causing the contacts (4a, 5a; 14a, 13a) to open and close.
  2. Temperature limiter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the plunger (7, 7') has a bore (7a, 7'a) and a locking screw (7b, 7'b) in order for a rod (8, 8') to slide and be locked.
  3. Temperature limiter according to Claim 2, characterized in that the rod (8, 8') includes a head (8a, 8'a) which is connected to the springy blade (5, 14) in order to cause the contacts (4a, 5a; 14a, 13a) to open and close.
  4. Temperature limiter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the magnet (6, 6') is made of a material containing aluminium, nickel and cobalt so as to retain all its magnetic properties at high temperatures.
  5. Temperature limiter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the springy blade (5, 14) is made of an alloy of the NICKELBERYLLIUM kind, in order to ensure, on the one hand, that the magnet (6, 6') springs back and, on the other hand, that the current flows.
  6. Temperature limiter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the Curie temperature of the plunger (7, 7') is greater than that of the pill (2, 2').
  7. Temperature limiter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the adjustment rod (8, 8') is made of a material such as ceramic or metal.
  8. Temperature limiter according to Claim 1, characterized in that the magnet (6, 6') is fastened to the plunger (7, 7') by adhesive bonding or by magnetism or by welding.
  9. Temperature limiter according to Claim 1, characterized in that it is associated with a halogen and/or radiant hob element.
  10. Temperature limiter according to Claim 1, characterized in that it includes a second tube (1') which is parallel and identical to the first tube (1), for causing, respectively, an indicating circuit (11) and a main circuit (12) to open and close.
  11. Temperature limiter according to Claim 10, characterized in that the tube (1') includes a pill (2') having a Curie point different from that of the pill (2) of the tube (1).
  12. Temperature limiter according to Claim 11, characterized in that the pill (2') makes it possible to cause the indicating circuit (11) to open and close so that it is open within the temperature range lying between 0 and 50 to 60°C and closed between these temperatures and the temperature at which the main circuit (12) is opened.
EP95420006A 1994-01-14 1995-01-13 Temperature limiter Expired - Lifetime EP0663678B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9400564 1994-01-14
FR9400564A FR2715245B1 (en) 1994-01-14 1994-01-14 Temperature limiter in particular for cooking hearth.
FR9407342 1994-06-10
FR9407342A FR2715246B1 (en) 1994-01-14 1994-06-10 Temperature limiter in particular for cooking hearth.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0663678A1 EP0663678A1 (en) 1995-07-19
EP0663678B1 true EP0663678B1 (en) 1999-06-16

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95420006A Expired - Lifetime EP0663678B1 (en) 1994-01-14 1995-01-13 Temperature limiter

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US (1) US5578982A (en)
EP (1) EP0663678B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE181456T1 (en)
DE (1) DE69510241T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2715246B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19814985A1 (en) * 1998-04-03 1999-10-07 Ego Elektro Geraetebau Gmbh Heat display switching device e.g. for ceramic cooking hob
JP2000285776A (en) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-13 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Thermostat and pack battery containing the thermostat
US20070057752A1 (en) * 2005-09-15 2007-03-15 Youfa Wang Heat actuated magnetic latching microswitch
CN103107045B (en) * 2013-01-23 2016-04-13 佛山市川东磁电股份有限公司 A kind of micro temperature-sensitive magnetic control switch easy to assembly

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2794100A (en) * 1955-08-16 1957-05-28 Wilhelm Baier Kg Thermal relay
FR1204872A (en) * 1958-10-14 1960-01-28 Fr Chauvin Arnoux Soc Alarm device for heat engines
FR1308737A (en) * 1961-09-29 1962-11-09 Comp Generale Electricite Thermo-magnetic relay
DE1939214U (en) * 1962-11-24 1966-05-26 Continental Elektro Ind Ag ADJUSTABLE TEMPERATURE CONTROLLER, ESPECIALLY FOR ELECTRIC COOKING PLATES.
FR2064476A5 (en) * 1969-09-08 1971-07-23 Equip Seim
DE2812513A1 (en) * 1978-03-22 1979-09-27 Danfoss As THERMOMAGNETIC THERMOSTAT
US4288770A (en) * 1979-11-28 1981-09-08 General Electric Company Thermal override for static trip circuit breakers
DE3543562A1 (en) * 1985-12-10 1987-06-11 Hella Kg Hueck & Co Overheating safeguard for heating devices
US4878038A (en) * 1987-12-07 1989-10-31 Tsai James T Circuit protection device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0663678A1 (en) 1995-07-19
ATE181456T1 (en) 1999-07-15
US5578982A (en) 1996-11-26
DE69510241D1 (en) 1999-07-22
FR2715246A1 (en) 1995-07-21
FR2715246B1 (en) 1998-02-06
DE69510241T2 (en) 1999-12-09

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