EP0658224B1 - Procede chimique permettant de conferer a des matieres fibreuses une resistance aux taches - Google Patents

Procede chimique permettant de conferer a des matieres fibreuses une resistance aux taches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0658224B1
EP0658224B1 EP93920404A EP93920404A EP0658224B1 EP 0658224 B1 EP0658224 B1 EP 0658224B1 EP 93920404 A EP93920404 A EP 93920404A EP 93920404 A EP93920404 A EP 93920404A EP 0658224 B1 EP0658224 B1 EP 0658224B1
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Prior art keywords
percent
surfactant
wool
weight
fluorochemical
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EP93920404A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0658224A1 (fr
Inventor
Van Giao Nguyen
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3M Co
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Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
    • D06M13/402—Amides imides, sulfamic acids
    • D06M13/432—Urea, thiourea or derivatives thereof, e.g. biurets; Urea-inclusion compounds; Dicyanamides; Carbodiimides; Guanidines, e.g. dicyandiamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D06M15/277—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof containing fluorine
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
    • D06M15/41—Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins
    • D06M15/412—Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins sulfonated
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
    • D06M15/576—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them containing fluorine
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
    • D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
    • D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
    • D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
    • D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
    • D06P1/67341—Salts or hydroxides of elements different from the alkaline or alkaline-earth metals or with anions containing those elements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/02—Natural fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/10—Animal fibres
    • D06M2101/12—Keratin fibres or silk
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a chemical system for providing fibrous materials with stain resistance to common household stains, particularly acid colorants.
  • the system is useful for the treatment of synthetic materials such as nylon, its principal application is in respect of keratinous materials of which wool is of first importance.
  • Keratinous articles such as wool carpets are susceptible to staining by natural and artificial colorants including acid colorants commonly found in many foods and beverages.
  • a need has long been felt for processes for economically providing such keratinous articles with resistance to staining.
  • Particularly desirable are processes by which durable stain resistance can be imparted to keratinous articles during conventional processing and treating operations.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a system for the protective treatment of fibrous materials, particularly wool carpets, such system being reasonably durable through wearing (dryfastness) and wet cleaning (wetfastness).
  • the present invention provides a chemical system for imparting to fibrous, particularly keratinous materials, such as wool fibers used in carpets, stain resistance to common household stains particularly acid colorants.
  • the method involves first treating the fibrous material with a mordant. After mordant treatment, the fiber is subjected to a bath which includes a surfactant, stain resist chemical, a fluorochemical and, if required, an acid to lower the bath pH. A tip sealing process to enhance the carpet surface protection may also be utilized as a final treatment, if desired.
  • the method of this invention can be applied to undyed fibers or to already dyed fibers. Where it is desired to provide a dyed fibrous product with stain resistance in accordance with the method of this invention, the product may be pre-dyed or the mordant may be incorporated in the bath in which the fiber is dyed. Further, the process of this invention, when incident to the dyeing of fabric, is useful with nonmordant dyes as well as with mordant dyes. The process of this invention is useful with finished fabrics as well as with unfinished fabrics.
  • the process of manufacturing woolen carpets involves the following steps:
  • the process of this invention may be applied to the fiber at any appropriate stage, e.g., to the original wool stock fiber before it is blended, to the hank of wool before it is coned, or to the tufted wool in which case a continuous dyeing and stain resistant applying process is required.
  • the process of this invention involves the addition to the normal dye bath (which comprises dye and optionally any other suitable auxiliary agents such as mothproofing agents, levelling agents, applied to ensure even distribution of the dye through the fiber, and the like) of a mordant, which is a trivalent mordant such as aluminum sulfate Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 or aluminum hydroxide Al(OH) 3 or a tetravalent mordant such as zirconium sulfate Zr(SO 4 ) 2 or zirconium hydroxide Zr(OH) 4 .
  • a mordant which is a trivalent mordant such as aluminum sulfate Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 or aluminum hydroxide Al(OH) 3 or a tetravalent mordant such as zirconium sulfate Zr(SO 4 ) 2 or zirconium hydroxide Zr(OH) 4 .
  • the mordant is included in the dye bath in an amount effective to impart to the fiber greater stain resistance than would be obtained in the absence of the mordant, preferably in a ratio of from 0.5 to 2% by weight relative to the weight of fiber in the bath.
  • the bath temperature can be elevated (e.g.) to 80°-98°C if necessary in order to exhaust the dye into the fabric.
  • the mordant used in the first step of the process of this invention is utilized whether the dye is a mordant or a nonmordant dye.
  • the bath is emptied to remove all dye auxiliaries, that is to say all fluid remaining in the bath after the dyeing process is completed.
  • the bath containing the now dyed fiber is then refilled with cold water in a ratio of 15-100:1 by weight relative to weight of wool.
  • a surfactant preferably an anionic surfactant in an amount effective as a synthetic tanning (syntan) agent and to allow the diffusion of a syntan into the cortex region of the wool fiber, preferably in the ratio of 0.5-1.5% by weight relative to the weight of wool in the bath.
  • a fluorochemical is added to the bath in an amount sufficient to act in concert with a stain resist chemical to provide improved stain resist properties compared with a fabric treated in the same manner absent the fluorochemical, preferably in the ratio of 0.5-1.5% by weight relative to the weight of fiber.
  • a stain resist chemical is added in an amount sufficient to substantially decrease adsorption of staining material and thus minimize the level of usage required to protect the wool fiber, preferably in the ratio of 1.5-5% by weight relative to the weight of fiber.
  • an acid preferably a strong acid, sufficient to lower the pH of the bath to 1.5-3.0.
  • the refilled bath containing the fabric is held at a temperature and for a time sufficient to cause the fabric to absorb an amount of the components of the bath effective to impart stain release properties to the material.
  • the temperature of the refill bath can be raised to 45-75°C and the temperature held at this level for 15-60 minutes.
  • the preferred bath temperature is 60-65°C and the preferred holding time is 20 minutes.
  • a further tip sealing process may, if desired, be implemented.
  • This tip sealing process is applied when the tufted wool is applied to the backing to form a carpet.
  • the tip sealing compound which is preferably in the form of a polymethacrylic resin associated with a surfactant blended fluorochemical, may be applied either by spraying or by foaming.
  • This tip sealing process adds a further protective coating to the surface of the carpet, wool fiber being normally shorn to even height over the length of the carpet. Additional protection is afforded by the tip sealing process against acid colorants, foot staining (as by soil etc.) and particularly coffee stains.
  • the polymethacrylic type resin and the surfactant blended fluorochemical are mixed and added to the carpet surface with 0.25%-1.0% resin by weight and 0.25%-1% surfactant blended fluorochemical by weight relative to the weight of wool fiber.
  • the fluorochemical used in this process adds some lubricant properties to the fiber to which the system is applied.
  • a suitable spinning lubricant which is useful when the wool is spun.
  • the use of the aforesaid fluorochemical in the system of this invention allows reduction in the quantity of that spinning lubricant used to between 40 and 60% of the normal concentration thereof.
  • a spent bath method may be utilized.
  • the spent bath i.e., bath liquid remaining after dyeing is effected
  • the spent bath is cooled to a temperature, and held at that temperature for a specific period, appropriate for stain release properties to be imparted to the material.
  • the spent bath is at 65-75°C, preferably 68-70°C, and is maintained at this temperature for 10 to 40, preferably 30 minutes, and the stain resist chemical added.
  • Acid is then added to adjust the pH of the resultant bath to a level of 2.0 to 2.5.
  • the fluorochemical may be added either after the dyestuff or before the addition of the stain resist chemical.
  • the desired fluorochemical level is 0.3-1.0% by weight of fiber.
  • the process of this invention can be applied at any convenient stage of the manufacturing process, preferably to the stock fiber before the stock fiber is blended or to the fiber in hank form before it is coned.
  • the process of the invention can be applied to keratinous or other fiber after tufting. It is preferred in such an instance to use an embodiment of the invention which provides a continuous rather than a two stage process.
  • the tufted undyed fiber is admitted to a prewetting station and a surfactant, preferably anionic, added in a weight ratio of 0.5 to 4% per weight of surfactant based on the wet-pickup percentage weight of the fiber which is in the order of 80 to 100%.
  • a mordant preferably a trivalent mordant, is added in the weight ratio of from 0.5 to 2% based on the wet-pickup percentage of the fiber.
  • an anionic surfactant from 0.5 to 4% by weight, divalent salt from 0.5 to 2% by weight, an anionic fluorochemical from 0.5 to 2% by weight, a stain resist chemical from 1.5 to 5% by weight and, if necessary, an acid to lower the pH of the solution to 1.5-3.0.
  • the so treated carpet is steamed for 3 to 10 minutes with saturated steam and normal rinsing and extracting follows to a resulting 80-100% wet-pickup of fiber.
  • dye is added contemporaneously with the fluorochemical and the stain resist chemical.
  • the mordant can be any trivalent or tetravalent mordant suitable for use with the fiber to which the process of the invention is applied.
  • the surfactant can be any anionic, cationic, non-ionic, amphoteric or other surfactant suitable for use with the fiber.
  • Anionic surfactants are preferred.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants include: alkyl aryl sulphonated and hydroxyethylated fatty amine and its derivatives, such as Univadine PS-AU (Ciba-Geigy) ;
  • the fluorochemical compositions useful in the present invention include anionic, cationic, or nonionic fluorochemicals such as the fluorochemical allophanates disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,606,737 (Stern) ; fluorochemical polyacrylates disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,574,791 (Sherman et al.) and 4,147,851 (Raynolds) ; fluorochemical urethanes disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,398,182 (Guenthner et al.); fluorochemical carbodiimides disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,024,178 (Landucci); fluorochemical guanidines disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,540,497 (Chang et al.).
  • Preferred fluorochemicals include those described in detail in the Examples below.
  • the stain resist chemical can be any such chemical suitable for use with fiber materials, preferably keratinous, including sulfonated phenolic resins and derivatives such as FX-369 (3M), with at least 40% of the SO 3 X group and 40% of the group; preferably leather syntans containing naphthalene sulphones and derivatives such as PARALENE WXA (napthalene sulfonic acid, formaldehyde and sulfonyl bis (phenol), sodium salts) (Yorkshire Chemicals)
  • suitable stain resist chemicals can be readily selected by those skilled in the art.
  • the preferred stain release mixture which includes the stain resist chemical and the surfactant is
  • the acid useful in the process is preferably a strong acid, e.g., sulphamic acid, formic acid or sulphuric acid.
  • the spinning lubricant is used at 40-60% of the normal level, (i.e. 40-60% of 0.8-1.2% of dry weight of wool) preferably at 0.4 - 0.6% to provide the dry spin method.
  • the lubricant is selected to have low soiling attraction behavior. Suitable lubricants include Cirrasol ALN-W3 (alkoxylated glycerol and polyethylene glycol) (ICI Chemicals); or high humectant version Cirrasol ALN-W6 (ICI Chemicals); Crosslube DBS (polyglycol and phosphate ester) (Crossfield Textile Chemicals); or Nopcostat 725-A (polyethoxylated cetyl oleyl alcohol).
  • the preferred moisture content added to the wool stock is in the range 14-17% and most preferably 14-15%.
  • the tip sealing compound preferably contains alpha olefin sulphonate and 0.25% - 1.0% owg (on weight of good or percent based upon weight of fiber being 100%) of a polymethacrylate polymer such as a mixture comprising (a) about 23 parts of a copolymer of methacrylic acid (described as Polymer H of U.S. Pat. No.
  • Pat. No. 4,264,484 (Patel) comprising (i) a fluoroaliphatic radical- and chlorine-containing ester and (ii) a water-insoluble addition polymer using a ratio of ester to addition polymer of about 1.7:2 rather than 1:2 with about 7.1 wt % (based on ester and addition polymer solids) Witconate AOS solids added.
  • An exhaustible fluorochemical will work in concert with the stain resist chemical to provide optimum oil, water and soil repellency in combination with the stain release properties (particularly acid colorant desorption) of the resist chemical.
  • the rate of diffusion of the said stain resist chemical is particularly efficient in the range of 45-80°C without causing change of shade of the fiber or yarn, and the fluorochemical applied finds ideal condition of exhaustion of the dye into the fibers at temperature above 60°C. This temperature range allows a gentle yet efficient and even exhaustion.
  • pH conditions while high temperature creates a favorable medium for the exhaustion of the chemicals, low pH conditions facilitate their fixation to wool fibers by ionic, hydrogen and covalent bonding.
  • the tip sealing process is particularly useful to enhance the overall performance of the stain resistance and stain release characteristics on wool carpets, particularly for cut pile carpets. It is novel to use polymethacrylic resin without rinsing without the fear of yellowing. This coupled with a fluoroaliphatic polymer containing a surfactant, facilitates penetration by migration. That the compound as described can be applied by spraying or by foaming is significant.
  • IWS Test Method #282/1991 "Test Method for Assessing the staining propensity of Textiles floor coverings”. This test assesses the staining propensity of specimens of finished wool carpet samples in the "new" and “used” states, i.e. before and after having been subjected to (simulated) foot traffic using FD&C food red staining medium. This test was designed to assess the effect and durability of stain resist finish on wool carpet. A 24 hour stain release rating of #6 on the unworn specimen is satisfactory; #7 rating is considered good and #8 rating is excellent.
  • a 24 hour stain release rating of #3 is satisfactory on worn specimen; of #5 is good and of #7 is excellent.
  • IWS Test Method No. 258/1985 Test Method for assessing the oil and water repellency of textile floor coverings. This test assess the oil and water repellency properties of textile floor-coverings which have been given an antistain or anti-soil finish.
  • IWS Test Method No. 267/1991 Test Method for Assessing the Soiling Propensity of Floorcoverings.
  • the test is intended to assess the propensity of wool carpets to soiling using the artificial soil composition.
  • a minimum rating of #3 on the grey scale (ISO R105, Part 3) is considered satisfactory, rating of #4 is good and #5 is excellent.
  • IWS Test Method No. 133/1985 "Colorfastness to Light of Textile Floorcoverings”. This method is intended for determining the resistance of the color of wool and wool rich blend textile floor coverings to the action of an artificial light source whose spectrum corresponds closely to that of daylight. This method is based on the ISO 105-302: 1984 Colorfastness to light; Xenon arc.
  • the so applied sample was submitted to saturated steam for 10 minutes to allow fixation. After 10 minutes, the sample was allowed to cool down for 1 minute then washed thoroughly and extracted to a moisture content of around 50% built-in moisture.
  • the bath was recirculated for 5 minutes and added
  • the temperature was then raised to 65 deg.C over 40 minutes and held for 20 minutes at this temperature.
  • the bath was then drained and refilled with cold water and rinsed for 10 minutes, then drained to drip dry.
  • the tufted sample using the provision of the treated yarn, was subjected to a topical tip sealing spray treatment to 10% moisture add-on, composing of the following ingredients:
  • the sample then was submitted to drying and curing for the same time as a latex backed hessian at a carpet mill.
  • 0.5% owg (350g) of aluminum sulphate was added after the dyestuffs into the side tank and charged to the dye vat.
  • the dyeing process was performed in the usual manner, using low temperature dyeing procedure. The bath was raised to 80 deg.C over 50 minutes and held at this temperature for 20 minutes.
  • the bath then was drained and the vat refilled with cold water.
  • the refill bath had 63:1 liquor ratio. Following chemicals were added:
  • the bath was recirculated for 5 minutes and
  • the temperature was ramped to 65 deg.C over 30 minutes and the bath was held at this temperature for 20 minutes. After this exhaustion procedure, the bath was drained and the stock rinsed as per conventional method.
  • the stock was then dried and blended.
  • the dry spinning process was adopted using 0.5% of spinning lubricant Nopcostat 725-A.
  • the rest of the process was followed to have a tufted carpet.
  • the tufted sample using the provision of the treated stock fiber, was subjected to a topical tip sealing spray treatment to 10% moisture add-on, comprising of following ingredients:
  • the sample was then submitted to drying and curing at the same time as the latex backed hessian at the carpet mill.
  • the dyeing process was performed in the usual manner to the boil (98°C). After the completion of the dye cycle, the spent bath was cooled to 70°C as per normal process.
  • the sample was then submitted to drying and curing at the same time as the latex backed hessian at a carpet mill.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé permettant de conférer une résistance aux taches à des fibres, plus particulièrement de la laine, ledit procédé pouvant s'adapter aux procédés classiques de traitement de la laine. Selon ce procédé: A) on traite les fibres avec un mordant; B) on traite les fibres avec un mélange constitué d'un tensioactif sulfoné ou bisulfoné et d'un agent antitache (du syntan par exemple); et C) on effectue un traitement dans l'étape A ou B selon une quantité suffisante pour améliorer les propriétés antitache. Le procédé amélioré peut être mis en ÷uvre dans la liqueur restant dans un bain de teinture après que les fibres aient été colorées (processus du bain usé). Dans le procédé le pH est acide, de 1,5 à 3,0 %, ceci présentant l'avantage de réduire la proportion d'agent chimique antitache nécessaire pour conférer à la laine une résistance aux taches. La protection des extrémités à l'aide de résine polyméthacrylique et d'un agent fluorochimique peut être une étape supplémentaire.

Claims (20)

  1. Procédé permettant de conférer à une matière fibreuse synthétique ou kératinique une résistance aux taches aux colorants acides, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    A. le traitement de ladite matière avec un mordant trivalent ou tétravalent en une quantité efficace pour communiquer à la fibre une résistance aux taches améliorée;
    B. le traitement de la matière de l'étape A dans un bain aqueux contenant un agent tensioactif, choisi parmi les agents tensioactifs sulfonés et disulfonés, en une quantité efficace pour permettre la diffusion d'un agent chimique de résistance aux taches dans la matière fibreuse, et un agent chimique de résistance aux taches en une quantité suffisante pour diminuer sensiblement l'adsorption de matière formant des taches par la fibre, le pH du bain étant de 1,5 à 3,0; et
       un composé fluorochimique est présent, dans l'étape A ou B en une quantité suffisante pour conférer des propriétés de résistance aux taches améliorées à la matière fibreuse.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel :
    i) la matière fibreuse est de la laine;
    ii) le mordant est choisi dans le groupe comprenant le sulfate d'aluminium, l'hydroxyde d'aluminium ou un sel de zirconium choisi parmi le sulfate de zirconium et l'hydroxyde de zirconium; et
    iii) la proportion de mordant utilisé est de 0,5 à 2 % en poids par rapport au poids de laine qui est de 100 %.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel la matière fibreuse est de la laine et auquel les conditions suivantes s'appliquent :
    i) l'étape A est réalisée dans un bain de teinture, à une température de 80°C à 98°C, en présence d'un colorant;
    ii) le bain de teinture est vidé une fois la teinture réalisée et avant l'étape B;
    iii) dans le bain aqueux de l'étape B :
    a) le rapport en poids de l'eau à la laine se situe dans la gamme de 15-100/1;
    b) l'agent tensioactif comprend un mélange d'agents tensioactifs anioniques de xylène sulfonate de sodium ou de ses dérivés et d'acide dodécylbenzènesulfonique ou de ses dérivés, et la proportion pondérale d'agent tensioactif à la laine est de 0,5-1,5 % par rapport au poids de la laine qui est de 100 %;
    c) la proportion pondérale de composé fluorochimique à la laine est de 0,5-1,5 % en poids par rapport au poids de la laine qui est de 100 %;
    d) l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches comprend de l'acide naphtalène sulfonique ou un dérivé de celui-ci et la proportion pondérale d'agent chimique de résistance aux taches à la laine est de 0,5-5 % par rapport au poids de la laine qui est de 100 %; et
    e) le rapport pondéral de l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches à l'agent tensioactif se situe dans la gamme de 62/38 à 80/20 et, dans la portion d'agent tensioactif 38-20, l'agent tensioactif du type xylène sulfonate de sodium constitue environ 13-25 parties, et l'agent tensioactif du type acide dodécylbenzènesulfonique constitue environ 7-13 parties.
  4. Procédé suivant la revendication 3, dans lequel la température du bain aqueux de l'étape B est de 45°C à 80°C et il est maintenu à cette température pendant 15 à 60 minutes.
  5. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel :
    i) l'étape A est réalisée dans un bain de teinture en présence d'un colorant et le bain de l'étape A restant après la teinture est retenu comme bain restant, la température du bain restant étant ajustée à une température à laquelle des propriétés d'enlèvement des taches peuvent être communiquées à la matière fibreuse; et
    ii) l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches et l'agent tensioactif sont ajoutés au bain restant comme faisant partie de l'étape B, cet agent tensioactif étant ajouté en une quantité suffisante pour réduire la quantité d'agent chimique de résistance aux taches.
  6. Procédé suivant la revendication 5, dans lequel :
    i) la température de l'étape B est de 65°C à 75°C et la durée de l'étape B est de 10-40 minutes; et
    ii) les proportions d'agent chimique de résistance aux taches et d'agent tensioactif, établies en pourcentages par rapport au poids de matière fibreuse considéré comme étant de 100 %, sont respectivement de 1,5-5,0 % et de 0,5-1,5 %.
  7. Procédé suivant la revendication 6, dans lequel le pH du bain dans l'étape B est de 2,0-2,5.
  8. Procédé suivant la revendication 7, dans lequel le composé fluorochimique est utilisé en une proportion de 0,3-1,0 % par rapport au poids de la matière fibreuse qui est considéré comme étant de 100 % et le composé fluorochimique est ajouté soit immédiatement après l'addition du colorant dans l'étape A soit immédiatement avant l'addition de l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches de l'étape B.
  9. Procédé suivant la revendication 8, dans lequel l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches comprend de l'acide naphtalène sulfonique ou un dérivé de celui-ci et l'agent tensioactif est un mélange de xylène sulfonate de sodium ou d'un dérivé de celui-ci et d'acide dodécylbenzènesulfonique ou d'un dérivé de celui-ci.
  10. Procédé suivant la revendication 9, dans lequel la proportion pondérale d'agent chimique de résistance aux taches à l'agent tensioactif se situe dans la gamme de 62/38 à 80/20 et, dans la portion d'agent tensioactif 38-20, l'agent tensioactif du type xylène sulfonate de sodium constitue environ 13-25 parties et l'agent tensioactif du type acide dodécylbenzènesulfonique constitue environ 7-13 parties.
  11. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel la matière fibreuse est kératinique, la matière est tuftée et une matière de support est appliquée à la face inférieure du tuftage et, après le tuftage et l'application du support, l'étape ultérieure d'étanchéification terminale est réalisée, cette étape d'étanchéification terminale consistant à appliquer à la matière tuftée une solution comprenant une résine polyméthacrylique et un composé fluorochimique mélangé à un agent tensioactif.
  12. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel l'agent tensioactif est anionique et est choisi dans le groupe comprenant les amines grasses alkyl aryl sulfonées, les amines grasses hydroxyéthylées, les disulfonates d'alkyl diphényl éther de sodium, les disulfonates de dodécyl diphényl oxyde de sodium, le sel disodique d'acide dodécyl (sulfophénoxy) benzène sulfonique, le sel disodique d'oxybis (acide dodécyl benzène sulfonique), le xylène sulfonate de sodium hydrotrope, les sulfonates d'aryle, les polyglycol éthers d'amine grasse (condensat de sulfonate et d'oxyde d'éthylène), les sels sodiques de condensat d'huile fortement sulfonée/oxyde d'éthylène, les sels disodiques d'oxybis (acide dodécylbenzène sulfonique) contenant au moins 1 % de sulfate de sodium et au moins 3 % de chlorure de sodium, les groupes de disulfonates d'oxyde diphénylique alkylés ayant la formule :
    Figure imgb0009
     les monoesters sulfatés d'acide gras contenant un sel de sodium, d'ammonium ou de potassium et les oxydes diphényliques disulfonés monosodiques et didodécyliques de sel dodécyl (sulfophénoxy) disodique d'acide benzène sulfonique.
  13. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel le composé fluorochimique est choisi dans le groupe comprenant les allophanates fluorochimiques, les polyacrylates fluorochimiques, les uréthannes fluorochimiques, les carbodiimides fluorochimiques et les guanidines fluorochimiques.
  14. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, dans lequel l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches est choisi dans le groupe comprenant les résines phénoliques sulfonées, les naphtalène sulfones et leurs dérivés.
  15. Procédé pour communiquer à une matière kératinique, une résistance aux taches par les colorants acides, ledit procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes :
    A. la préparation de la matière kératinique sous une forme tuftée;
    B. l'entraînement de la matière kératinique tuftée dans un poste de prémouillage et l'addition à celle-ci d'un premier agent tensioactif,
    C. l'addition d'un mordant trivalent ou tétravalent à la matière kératinique préalablement mouillée de l'étape B en une quantité efficace pour communiquer à la fibre une résistance aux taches améliorée; et
    D. la mise en contact de la matière kératinique avec un mélange aqueux d'un second agent tensioactif en même temps qu'avec un sel divalent, un composé fluorochimique anionique et un agent chimique de résistance aux taches en une quantité suffisante pour diminuer sensiblement l'adsorption de matière formant des taches par la fibre, lequel mélange a un pH de 1,5-3,0.
  16. Procédé suivant la revendication 15, dans lequel la matière kératinique est de la laine et :
    i) le premier agent tensioactif est anionique, comprend un mélange de xylène sulfonate de sodium ou d'un dérivé de celui-ci et d'acide dodécylbenzènesulfonique ou d'un dérivé de celui-ci, et est ajouté à la laine tuftée dans un rapport en poids de 0,5-4 % par rapport au poids de laine considéré comme étant de 100 %;
    ii) l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches comprend de l'acide naphtalène sulfonique ou un dérivé de celui-ci; et
    iii) le rapport en poids de l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches à l'agent tensioactif se situe dans la gamme de 62/38 à 80/20 et, dans la portion d'agent tensioactif 38-20, l'agent tensioactif du type xylène sulfonate de sodium constitue environ 13-25 parties, et l'agent tensioactif du type acide dodécylbenzènesulfonique constitue environ 7-13 parties.
  17. Procédé suivant la revendication 16, dans lequel le mordant est
    i) choisi dans le groupe comprenant le sulfate d'aluminium, l'hydroxyde d'aluminium et un sel de zirconium choisi parmi le sulfate de zirconium et l'hydroxyde de zirconium; et
    ii) présent en proportion de 0,5 à 2 % en poids par rapport au poids de laine considéré comme étant de 100 %.
  18. Procédé suivant la revendication 15, dans lequel les proportions pondérales de divers ingrédients, par rapport au poids de matière kératinique considéré comme étant 100 %, sont les suivantes :
    i) le second agent tensioactif - 0,5-4,0 %;
    ii) le sel divalent - 0,5-2,0 %;
    iii) le composé fluorochimique anionique - 0,5-2,0 %; et
    iv) l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches - 1,6-5,0 %.
  19. Procédé suivant la revendication 15, dans lequel le second agent tensioactif est choisi dans le groupe comprenant les amines grasses alkyl aryl sulfonées, les amines grasses hydroxyéthylées, les disulfonates d'alkyl diphényl éther de sodium, les disulfonates de dodécyl diphényl oxyde de sodium, le sel disodique d'acide dodécyl (sulfophénoxy) benzène sulfonique, le sel disodique d'oxybis (acide dodécyl benzène sulfonique), le xylène sulfonate de sodium hydrotrope, les sulfonates d'aryle, les polyglycol éthers d'amine grasse (condensat de sulfonate et d'oxyde d'éthylène), les sels sodiques de condensats d'huile fortement sulfonée/oxyde d'éthylène, les sels disodiques d'oxybis (acide dodécylbenzène sulfonique) contenant au moins 1 % de sulfate de sodium et au moins 3 % de chlorure de sodium, les groupes de disulfonates d'oxyde diphénylique alkylés ayant la formule :
    Figure imgb0010
     les monoesters sulfatés d'acide gras contenant un sel de sodium, d'ammonium ou de potassium et les oxydes diphényliques disulfonés monosodiques et didodécyliques de sel dodécyl (sulfophénoxy) disodique d'acide benzène sulfonique.
  20. Procédé suivant la revendication 15, dans lequel l'agent chimique de résistance aux taches est choisi dans le groupe comprenant les résines phénoliques sulfonées, les naphtalène sulfones et leurs dérivés.
EP93920404A 1992-09-02 1993-08-27 Procede chimique permettant de conferer a des matieres fibreuses une resistance aux taches Expired - Lifetime EP0658224B1 (fr)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPL446592 1992-09-02
AUPL4465/92 1992-09-02
AUPL7996/93 1993-03-24
AUPL799693 1993-03-24
PCT/US1993/008126 WO1994005848A1 (fr) 1992-09-02 1993-08-27 Procede chimique permettant de conferer a des matieres fibreuses une resistance aux taches

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EP0658224B1 true EP0658224B1 (fr) 1997-05-21

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US5520962A (en) * 1995-02-13 1996-05-28 Shaw Industries, Inc. Method and composition for increasing repellency on carpet and carpet yarn
US5948480A (en) * 1997-03-31 1999-09-07 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Tandem application of soil and stain resists to carpeting
WO2006108240A1 (fr) * 2005-04-14 2006-10-19 Feltex Australia Pty Ltd Procédé de traitement de tapis
JP6252951B2 (ja) * 2015-03-13 2017-12-27 千代田商事株式会社 獣毛製品の製造方法、及びその製造方法により処理された獣毛製品

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DE2164734C3 (de) * 1971-12-27 1975-01-16 Farbwerke Hoechst Ag, Vormals Meister Lucius & Bruening, 6000 Frankfurt Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen, gleichmäßigen Färben von Baumwollstückware mit anomalen Faseranteflen
FR2398834A1 (fr) * 1977-07-28 1979-02-23 Ugine Kuhlmann Procede de teinture ou d'impression des matieres a base de fibres synthetiques au moyen des colorants de dispersion et compositions tinctoriales utilisables a cet effet
US4808191A (en) * 1987-06-04 1989-02-28 Milliken Research Corporation Process for pattern dyeing of textile materials
CA1327856C (fr) * 1989-09-05 1994-03-15 Barry R. Knowlton Methode permettant d'ameliorer les caracteristiques de resistance aux taches et aux salissures des tissus de laine et de polyamide

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EP0658224A1 (fr) 1995-06-21
DE69310920T2 (de) 1997-09-04
CA2139737A1 (fr) 1994-03-17
JPH08500648A (ja) 1996-01-23
DE69310920D1 (de) 1997-06-26
WO1994005848A1 (fr) 1994-03-17
NZ255913A (en) 1996-02-27

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