Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
  • C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
  • C09G1/06—Other polishing compositions
  • C09G1/08—Other polishing compositions based on wax
  • C09G1/10—Other polishing compositions based on wax based on mixtures of wax and natural or synthetic resin
  • C09G1/12—Other polishing compositions based on wax based on mixtures of wax and natural or synthetic resin mixtures of wax and silicon-containing polycondensates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
  • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
  • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
  • C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
  • C09G1/04—Aqueous dispersions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
  • C08G77/42—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences
  • C08G77/44—Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences containing only polysiloxane sequences

Definitions

• This invention relates to an aqueous oil-in-water emulsion polish composition, especially useful for automobiles, which is substantially free of added organic solvents and water-sensitive surfactants which is based upon a combination of a polymeric silicone wax, a silicone resin and a specific type of polymeric electrostatic emulsifier to obtain a polish composition with buffability, durability and appearance (e.g., film gloss) characteristics of the same order as conventional organic solvent-based polishes.
• U.S. Pat. No. 2,626,870 to Cooke et al. teaches an automobile wax emulsion of the oil-in-water type containing small amounts of silicone oils in the dispersed phase. These compositions contain added organic solvents in the amount of from about 3% to 25% by weight to dissolve the wax before it is dispersed in water. From about 0.2% to 4% by weight of "emulsifying agents" are employed which are exemplified by gum tragacanth, gum arable, bentonite, locust bean gum, starch, albumen, karaya gum, Irish moss, water-colloidable cellulose and the like. Some of the "emulsifying agents" taught are polymers, but all are water-sensitive.
• water-soluble wetting agents such as anionic or nonionic surfactants can also be used in amounts of less than 1%.
• the silicone oils are taught as being polydimethylsiloxanes although the methyl groups may be substituted or replaced by other organic or inorganic groups or by single atoms. While these polishes are water-based, they contain significant amounts of added organic solvents and water-sensitive surfactants and emulsifying agents.
• U.S. Pat. No. 4,347,333 to Lohr et al. teaches emulsion hard surface coating compositions useful as auto polishes which have excellent detergent resistance as well as good gloss and buff properties. They contain an organic solvent as well as silicone fluids, an acrylic polymer which is soluble in the solvent, surfactants, water, and optionally waxes and abrasives. Thus, these compositions require both added organic solvent to dissolve the acrylic polymer and a surfactant such as an anionic or nonionic surfactant.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,429,842 to Wolstoncroft teaches an aqueous polish formulation containing an emulsifiable polyolefin wax, an acrylic interpolymer, an alkali-soluble resin, a leveling agent containing tributoxyethyl phosphate, a hydrolytically stable poly ⁇ iloxane-oxyalkylene block copolymer and diethylene glycol monoethyl ether.
• ether solvent other liquid hydrocarbon solvents can be present to dissolve the polyethylene wax.
• the acrylic interpolymer and polyolefin wax are the principal constituents of the polish film left behind.
• the acrylic interpolymer is in the form of an acrylic latex and may contain up to 10% of acrylic acid groups to "substantially aid the e ulsifiability of the wax made therefrom".
• the alkali soluble resin present is insoluble in water, but is soluble in a basic solution such as an ammonia solution or an alkali metal hydroxide solution.
• the alkali soluble resin is included to permit the dried films to be removed from a substrate such as floor tile.
• U.S. Pat. No. 3,393,078 to Lockhart et al. teaches a water-emulsion polish composition which contains an effective amount of an emulsifier as well as 20-55% of volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon liquid as an organic solvent for the waxes and liquid silicone polymers present.
• U.S. Pat. No. 4,398,953 to van der Linde teaches automobile waxes with improved water beading ability composed of montan wax, an emulsifier, silicone oil, amino-functional organopolysiloxanes, finely-divided abrasive, water, volatile aliphatic hydrocarbon solvent and, optionally, pigment.
• the solvent is present in an amount of 30-75% and the emulsifier is an effective amount of morpholine and tall oil fatty acid such that the morpholine reacts with the acid groups in the fatty acid and the montan wax to form emulsifiers.
• U.S. Pat. No. 4,509,981 to Sanders et al. teaches coating compositions which contain 1-60% of a mixture of two different silicone fluids, one being amino-functional and the other being a linear or cyclic organopolysiloxane, along with 2-10% of a nonionic emulsifying agent, an ultraviolet radiation absorbing agent, and water. Use of organic solvent is not taught although the emulsifiers used are water- sensitive.
• U.S. Pat. No. 4,265,663 to Gilicinski et al. teaches wax formulations containing liquid poly(alpha-olefin) polymers such as VYBAR® 825 for use in automobile polishes.
• the silicones are added as emulsions and the formulations can also contain silicones, thickeners such as CARBOPOL® 934 as well as waxes added as emulsion and emulsifiers.
• the use of 6-20% hydrocarbon organic solvent is also taught.
• One object of the present invention is to provide an oil-in-water emulsion polish composition which has substantially, and preferably, no added organic solvent or water-sensitive surfactants which compositions are particularly useful as automobile polishes.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide water-based emulsion polish compositions which possess good ease of application and buffability as well as polish film appearance characteristics such as gloss which are comparable or better than conventional polishes containing organic solvents.
• Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a water-based emulsion polish composition with good durability without any need for the use of hydrocarbon solvents or expensive amino-functional polyorganosiloxanes.
• B from about 0.1% to 25% by weight of the total composition of a polyorganosiloxane resin, and more preferably from about 0.1% to 5%; C. an effective amount, more preferably from about 0.01% to 5% of the total composition; and most preferably from about 0.05% to 0.5%, of a polymeric electrostatic emulsifier for forming oil-in-water emulsions which is a modified polymer, preferably lightly cross-linked, having a major portion of a monoolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer or its anhydride of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and a minor portion of a long chain acrylate or methacrylate monomer which polymer is neutralized with an effective amount of a base and is capable of dispersing (A) and (B) within
• polish compositions comprising the balance of the composition to form an oil-in-water emulsion wherein the composition is substantially free of any added organic solvents and water- sensitive surfactants.
• polish compositions can preferably contain organic waxes to improve polish buffability and durability in amounts of from about 0.05% to 25% and hydrocarbon resins to improve film durability, buffability and film appearance characteristics in amounts of from about 0.01% to 20%.
• oil-in-water emulsion polish compositions of the present invention require three ingredients in addition to tap or deionized water which forms the balance of the composition.
• Deionized water or low mineral content, soft tap water is preferred.
• the percentages given herein are based upon non-volatile solids (actives) content unless otherwise specified.
• the first required ingredient is from about 0.05% to 25% percent by weight of the total composition of a polymeric silicone wax composition which is a viscous liquid to a waxy solid at room temperature (25° C), but has a melting point of no more than about 100°C.
• a polymeric silicone wax composition which is a viscous liquid to a waxy solid at room temperature (25° C), but has a melting point of no more than about 100°C.
• Such waxes are known to those of ordinary skill in the art and are composed of copolymers of dimethylsiloxy units [(CH 3 ) 2 SiO] and methylalkylsiloxy [CH 3 RSiO] units or homopolymers of methylalkylsiloxy units [CH3RSiO] where the alkyl or R group contains from about 8 to 30 carbon atoms.
• copolymers and homopolymers are typically endblocked with trimethylsiloxy units [ (CH3) 3Si ⁇ 3 / 2] •
• Such waxes are commercially available from Th. Goldschmidt AG Chemische Fabriken of Essen, Germany, Wacker-Chemie GmbH of Burghausen, Germany, and the General Electric Company, Silicone Products Division of Waterford, New York, USA.
• a presently preferred silicone polymer wax is sold by Th. Goldschmidt AG under the ABIL®-Wax 9810 (also sold by Th.
• TEGOPREN® 6846 is a high molecular weight silicone wax described as a polysiloxane polyalkylene copolymer which is a trimethylsiloxy endblocked homopolymer of CH 3 RSiO units having a white, waxy appearance at 25°C. with a melting point of 64+2°C, a specific gravity of 0.83+0.01 gram/cubic centimeter ("g/cm 3 ) at 70°C. , a flash point (DIN 51758) of greater than 150°C. and an actives (non-volatile solids) content of 100%.
• TEGOPREN® 6846 is a high molecular weight silicone wax described as a polysiloxane polyalkylene copolymer which is a trimethylsiloxy endblocked homopolymer of CH 3 RSiO units having a white, waxy appearance at 25°C. with a melting point of 64+2°C, a specific gravity of 0.83+0.01 gram/cu
• this wax is insoluble in water and glycerol, but is soluble in mineral oil, isopropyl myristate and sunflower seed oil.
• Other types of such silicone waxes are available from Th. Goldschmidt under the designations ABIL®-Wax 9800 (TEGOPREN® 6800) and ABIL®-Wax 9801 (TEGOPREN® 6801) .
• Another preferred silicone wax is one available from Wacker-Chemie under the designation "SLM 50553/1" or "Wacker Wax W 23" which is a white, wax ⁇ like, non-soapable methyl-substituted siloxane having a viscosity at 50°C. of approximately 300 mPa.s, and a melting point of 35°-45°C.
• These polymeric silicone waxes may be emulsified in water using small amounts of conventional surfactants to improve the ease of making the emulsion polish compositions of the present invention without greatly decreasing the durability of the resulting polish compositions due to the small amount of surfactant added by the use of the emulsions instead of the neat polymeric silicone wax.
• Wacker Chemie sells an aqueous milky oil-in-water emulsion of a polymeric silicone wax at 35% non-volatile solids content using a nonionic surfactant as the emulsifier under the designation "SLM 23032" or "Fluid Emulsion E 32" having an emulsion viscosity of 7 mm ⁇ /second at 25°C. and a particle size of about 300 nanometers.
• silicone wax More preferably, from about 0.05% to 25% by weight of the silicone wax is used. This ingredient is used to provide good buffability to the polish compositions of the present invention as well as to retain the surface protective properties of any additional organic waxes which may be added to such compositions.
• the silicone waxes also tend to help in improving the long term durability of the polish films. If too little silicone wax is used, the buffability of the polish composition suffers while the use of too much silicone wax adds unnecessary expense to the polish compositions. More preferably, from about 0.05% to 3% by weight of the silicone wax is used, and most preferably, from about 1% to 1.5%.
• the degree of buffability provided by the compositions of the present invention is surprising.
• Conventional water- based emulsion polishes typically require the addition of glycerol or other humectants to prevent the water-based emulsion film from drying out too quickly and becoming difficult to buff to a high shine.
• glycerol or other humectants to prevent the water-based emulsion film from drying out too quickly and becoming difficult to buff to a high shine.
• humectants there is an important advantage afforded by the elimination of the need for water-sensitive humectants.
• the long term durability of the polish film left by our polish compositions is improved since water standing on the polish film can wet the humectants which in turn can act to release the film from the polished surface.
• the second required ingredient is from about 0.1% to about 25% by weight of a polyorganosiloxane resin which is used to impart durability to the polish film left on a substrate after application of the emulsion polish composition.
• Polyorganosiloxane resins are well known products which are available from a number of manufacturers throughout the world such as Wacker-Chemie GmbH of Burghausen, Germany, Dow Corning Corporation of Midland, Michigan, USA, and the General Electric Company, Silicone Products Division, Waterford, NY, USA. Such resins are typically characterized by being organic solvent soluble solids, typically brittle solids, at 25°C.
• Such resins are composed of a combination of tri ethylsiloxy units [ (CH 3 ) 3 SiO 2 ] dimethylsiloxy units [(CH 3 ) 2 SiO] and silica units [(Si0 4 / 2 )] which can be expressed by the general formula
• the manufacturer describes Release Agent VP 1038 in the same manner as for Release Agent TPR, but lists the viscosity as being 1000-3000 mPa.s at 25°C. Since the silicone resins are typically solids, Wacker-Chemie includes an amount of dimethicone fluid in Release Agent VP 1038 and in Release Agent TPR to make the products easier to use because they are then in liquid form.
• the Release Agent VP 1038 is said to contain a higher amount of resin than the Release Agent TPR and thus the viscosity of the former is higher than the latter product.
• Wacker Chemie also provides an aqueous emulsion version of its Release Agent TPR under the designation "SLM 55072/1" or "Fluid Emulsion E 37" as a 35% non-volatile solids content aqueous emulsion having a pH of 7.5 made using a small amount of both an anionic surfactant and a nonionic surfactant.
• SLM 55072/1 aqueous emulsion having a pH of 7.5
• an emulsion form is more preferred. More preferably, from about 0.1% to 5% by weight of the silicone resin is used. This ingredient is used to provide durability as well as good buffability and application characteristics to the polish films obtained from the polish compositions of the present invention.
• the third required ingredient is an effective amount of a polymeric electrostatic emulsifier for forming oil-in-water emulsions which is capable of dispersing the polymeric silicone wax and the silicone resin within the water present in the composition. Additionally, application properties and buffability are improved by the use of the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier as compared with emulsion polish compositions made with conventional surfactants and thickening agents.
• the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier must have a combination of hydrophilic groups which provide compatibility with the water and hydrophobic groups such as long chain alkyl (8 or more carbon atoms) groups that enable the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier to associate with the less hydrophilic or substantially hydrophobic ingredients to form an emulsion.
• the hydrophilic groups present are preferably carboxyl groups which can be neutralized to a salt form by the addition of a base to render them strongly hydrophilic.
• the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier is modified polymer, preferably lightly cross-linked, having a major portion of a monoolefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer or its anhydride of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and a minor portion of a long chain acrylate or methacrylate monomer.
• a preferred polymeric electrostatic emulsifier possessing such characteristics is the class of polymeric electrostatic emulsifier referred to as "electrostatic emulsifiers" sold as the CARBOPOL® 1600 series of products by The BFGoodrich Company, Specialty Polymers & Chemicals Division, Brecksville, Ohio, USA and under the PEMULEN® trademark in Europe by the same company.
• These polymeric electrostatic emulsifiers as being predominantly high molecular weight polyacrylic acid polymers which have a large water-loving (hydrophilic) portion and a smaller oil-loving (oleophilic or hydrophobic) portion which permits these polymers to act as primary emulsifiers in oil- in-water emulsions.
• the Cosmetics, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (“CTFA”) designation for these polymers is Acrylates/C 10 -C 30 alkyl acrylate cross polymer.
• the 1600 series of CARBOPOL® emulsifiers include CARBOPOL® 1610 having a typical viscosity of 18,000 centipoise (18 Pa.s) at 1% concentration in water pH of 7 at room temperature (25°C); CARBOPOL® 1621 (also designated PEMULEN® TR-1) having a typical viscosity of 5,000 centipoise (5 Pa.s) at 1% concentration in water pH of 7 at room temperature (25°C.) ; CARBOPOL® 1622 (also designated PEMULEN® TR-2) which is said to have outstanding emulsifying ability over a broad range of oil/water concentrations with minimal thickening effect and contains the highest level of hydrophobic groups of the four 1600 series products noted here; and CARBOPOL® 1631 which is said to be the most ion-resistant of the four 1600 series polymers noted here and contains mineral spirits which makes this product undesirable for use in the present invention.
• PEMULEN® TR-1 (CARBOPOL® 1621) and PEMULEN® TR-2 (CARBOPOL® 1622) are presently preferred for use in the present invention.
• These electrostatic emulsifiers differ from other polyacrylic acid thickening polymers such as the well known "900" series of CARBOPOL® resins sold by BFGoodrich for use as thickeners because of the presence of the hydrophobic groups as noted in column 9, lines 50-65 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,004,598 noted below.
• Cross-linking of the polymers is said to provide improved ability for the copolymers to swell.
• a specific example of one such polymer is given in Example 1 of the '598 Patent as being the polymerization product of 250.28 grams of acrylic acid, 5.72 grams of stearyl methacrylate and 0.858 grams of allyl pentaerythritol.
• An effective amount, from about 80% to 100% of the stoichiometric amount, of carboxylic acid present in the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier are neutralized to render the emulsifier more hydrophilic.
• Such neutralization can be done with an alkaline neutralizing agent such as an organic base such as amino alcohols such as triethanolamine, 2-amino- 2-methyl-l-propanol ("AMP"), and 2-amino-2-methyl-l, 3- propanediol and organic amines of from 2 to 22 carbon atoms such as triethylamine and laurylamine, or inorganic bases such as ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and the like.
• Volatile neutralizing agents will contribute to longer polish film stability since the neutralizing agent can evaporate away and leave the polymer emulsifier less sensitive to water after the polish film has dried on a substrate.
• AMP is a presently preferred neutralizing agent.
• This ingredient is used to take the place of added surfactants that would normally be used in emulsion polish compositions to disperse the hydrophobic ingredients in the water.
• Conventional surfactants can result in decreased durability upon exposure to water and detergents and can also contribute to a loss of film gloss on aging of the polymeric film.
• An optional, but preferred additional ingredient is a conventional wax of the type commonly used in polish compositions.
• Hard waxes such as carnauba wax contribute to the formation of high gloss polymeric films while soft waxes such as paraffin wax can improve the buffability of the polish compositions.
• Other examples of waxes which may be useful in the emulsion polish compositions of the present invention are synthetic and naturally-derived waxes such as polyethylene waxes, modified polyethylene waxes such as maleinized and acrylated polyethylene waxes, oxidized polyolefin waxes, micro-crystalline waxes, oxidized micro- crystalline waxes, montan wax, bees wax, hydrogenated castor oil and the like.
• Such waxes are included in the compositions of the present invention in amounts of from about 0.1% to 30% of the total composition and more preferably, from about 0.1% to 18%.
• Yet another optional, but preferred ingredient is a poly(alpha-olefin) polymer which is used to further improve the durability and buffability of the emulsion polish compositions of the present invention.
• These well known hydrocarbon polymers are ethylene derived hydrocarbon polymers made from 1-alkenes having from about 5 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule which are described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,937,129. They are commercially available from the Petrolite Specialty Polymers Group of Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA under the trademark VYBAR®. Two such products which are presently preferred for use in the present invention are VYBAR® 825 a liquid having a viscosity of 6.4 Pa.s at 0°C.
• abrasives of the type commonly used in conventional polish formulations can be included in amounts of from about 0.1% to 20% of the total composition.
• abrasives are amorphous silica, diatomaceous earth, aluminum silicate such as calcined aluminum silicate and aluminum oxide such as hydrated alumina.
• Increasing amounts of abrasive tend to reduce the durability of the polish films obtained from the emulsion polishes of the present invention, thus lower levels of abrasives such as from about 0.5% to 3.5% are more preferred if abrasives are used.
• non-volatile polydimethylsiloxane polymers such as dimethicone of viscosities from about 50 to 10,000 centistokes (0.00005 to 0.01 m 2 /s) in viscosity at 25°C. can be included in the compositions of the present invention as further polish film forming agents.
• polish composition additives can be used in amounts of no more than about one percent of the total emulsion polish composition such as preservatives, ultraviolet light absorbing agents, slip agents such as polytetrafluoroethylene additives and thickening agents such lightly cross-linked polyacrylic acid polymers such as CARBOPOL® 980 which bear the CTFA designation of "Carbomer” resins. Thickening agents are desirable when abrasives are used since they assist in suspending the abrasives within the emulsion polish composition.
• the emulsion polish compositions of the present invention are typically in two ways depending upon the nature of the ingredients being used.
• the first method is employed where the ingredients are substantially in non-emulsion form.
• the hydrophobic ingredients such as the polymeric silicone wax, the polyorganosiloxane resin, and any other waxes and hydrocarbon polymers are charged to a melting vessel (i.e., a stirrer-equipped, preferably an anchor stirrer, vessel capable of heating the contents placed inside) and liquefied while stirring with the application of heat up to about 100°C.
• a melting vessel i.e., a stirrer-equipped, preferably an anchor stirrer, vessel capable of heating the contents placed inside
• the actual temperature used depends upon the melting point of the ingredients.
• the water is charged to a separate mixing vessel (i.e., a stirrer-equipped vessel capable of heating the contents placed inside which further contains a homogenizer) and heated to 85°C. followed by the addition of any abrasive and ultraviolet light absorbing agent with stirring.
• the homogenizer is then turned on and the abrasive is homogenized into the water, typically for about 15 minutes, while the temperature is kept at about 85°-90°C.
• the contents of the melting vessel is cooled to 85°C. and the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier is then added to the melting vessel with stirring while keeping the temperature at 85°C.
• the liquefied mixture from the melting vessel is then slowly added to the mixing vessel with vigorous stirring.
• the heating of the mixing vessel is discontinued and the contents of the mixing vessel are allowed to stir for at least 10 minutes until the contents are well mixed.
• Approximately 85% of total amount of the neutralizing agent specified for the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier is then added to the stirring contents of the mixing vessel and the contents are allowed to stir for at least an additional ten minutes until the contents are homogeneous.
• Any preservative to be used is then added and allowed to stir into the contents until homogeneous.
• the composition may be subjected to the action of a homogenizer to further ensure complete formation of an emulsion. If a thickener such as CARBOPOL®
• the temperature of the contents of the mixing vessel is adjusted to 55°-50°C. and then the thickener is added to the stirring contents, preferably as an aqueous solution of the thickener.
• the contents are rapidly cooled to 25°-30°C. with stirring and the stirring is continued for at least 30 minutes until the contents are homogeneous.
• the contents are adjusted to the desired final pH value using the remaining neutralizing agent (typically from about pH 7 to 9.5) and allowed to stir until homogeneous to complete the formation of the emulsion polish composition of the present invention.
• the hydrophobic ingredients may be difficult to disperse and thus such ingredients may advantageously be added in the form of aqueous emulsions although this does introduce small amounts of less desirable conventional surfactants into the emulsion polish compositions of the present invention.
• the second method of making the compositions involves either obtaining the emulsified ingredients directly from the manufacturer or separately dispersing ingredients such as waxes together as is described in the following Examples. Any hydrophobic ingredients (e.g. , silicone resin or wax, hydrocarbon polymer or wax) which are not in aqueous emulsion form are charged to a melting vessel and heated with stirring to about 100°C. until the contents are liquefied.
• the water is charged to a mixing vessel, heated to about 85°-90°C. and stirring is started. Any abrasive may be added to the water as described above for the first method.
• the contents of the melting vessel are cooled to 85°-90°C.
• the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier is then added to the stirring contents of the melting vessel and allowed to mix into the contents at a temperature of 85°C.
• the contents of the melting vessel are slowly added to the mixing vessel with vigorous stirring. Heating is then discontinued and the contents of the mixing vessel are allowed to stir for at least an additional 10 minutes until homogeneous.
• Approximately 85% of total amount of the neutralizing agent specified for the emulsion composition is then added to the stirring contents of the mixing vessel and the contents are allowed to stir for at least an additional ten minutes until the contents are homogeneous. Any preservatives and other additives are then added to the contents of the mixing vessel and stirring is continued for at least 10 minutes until the contents are homogeneous. All aqueous emulsions of the silicone wax, silicone resin or any emulsions of the other waxes and hydrocarbon polymers are then added sequentially with stirring. The contents are stirred for at least 30 minutes and cooled to 25°-30°C.
• the contents is adjusted to the desired final pH value using the remaining neutralizing agent (typically from about pH 7 to 9.5) to complete the formation of the emulsion polish composition of the present invention. If desired, the composition may be subjected to homogenization to further insure the formation of good emulsions.
• the remaining neutralizing agent typically from about pH 7 to 9.5
• the emulsion polish compositions of the present invention can take the form of liquids, gels or pastes depending upon the intended use for the product. They are especially useful as automobile polishes although they may also find use for protecting the surfaces of plastic or painted objects such as cabinets, furniture as well as for metallic substrates such as chrome and aluminum.
• the following Examples are provided to show various aspects of the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Unless otherwise indicated, all parts and percentages used in the Examples are by weight. In the Examples, the viscosities reported were run at 20°C. on a Brookfield Viscometer Model No. LVT using a #3 spindle at 30 rpm. The non-volatile solids reported were determined using 2 grams of material placed in an oven at 145°C for 30 minutes.
• the following emulsion polish composition was made to illustrate a liquid auto polish composition for use on surfaces coated with non-metallic paints.
• Petrolite VYBAR® 825 polymer 1.00 Petrolite VYBAR® 103 polymer 2.50 BFGoodrich PEMULEN® TR-2 polymeric emulsifier 0.25
• This liquid polish composition useful as an automobile polish, is made by charging the following into a melting vessel: VP 1038 Silicone Resin; ABIL®-Wax 9810 Silicone Wax, VYBAR® 825 and 103 polymers; Carnauba Wax; Hoechst Wax VPEA and E; and Paraffin Wax. While stirring the contents of the melting vessel, the contents are heated to 100°C. In a separate mixing vessel equipped with a stirrer, a heating means, and a homogenizer, tap water of 85°C. is charged, the stirrer is started and the temperature is adjusted to 85°- 90°C. The SATINTONE® No.
• abrasive mixed into the contents of the mixing vessel and the homogenizer is turned on for about 15 minutes to disperse the abrasive into the water while the temperature is maintained at 85°-90°C.
• the temperature of the contents of the melting vessel is cooled to 85°-90°C.
• the PEMULEN® TR-2 polymeric electrostatic emulsifier is added to the melting vessel with stirring while the temperature of the contents is kept at no higher than 85°C. to avoid clumping of the polymeric electrostatic emulsifier.
• the contents of the melting vessel are then slowly added to the mixing vessel with vigorous stirring. After the addition is complete, the heating is discontinued and the contents are stirred for 10 minutes. Then 85% of the total amount of neutralizing agent (2-Amino-2-Methyl-l-Propanol (90% in water) - 0.23%) is added to the stirring contents of the mixing vessel and stirring is continued for an additional 10 minutes.
• the BODOXIN® preservative is then added to the stirring contents of the mixing vessel and the contents are stirred for 10 minutes after completion of the addition.
• the contents are then cooled to 25°-30°C. and pumped into a storage tank equipped with a stirrer where that final product is adjusted to a pH of from 7.2 to 7.7 using the remainder of the neutralizing agent.
• the resulting product is a white viscous opaque liquid emulsion polish composition having a viscosity of 2800-3300 centipoise (2.8-3.3 Pa.s) at 20°C. with a non-volatile content of 23.00-24.00%. It is useful for polishing automobile finishes and possesses a degree of buffability and durability comparable to solvent-based polish compositions
• Example 2 This Example illustrates a liquid emulsion polish composition of the present invention which is especially formulated for use on automobiles with metallic paints since it has a milder and less abrasive grade of calcined aluminum silicate in a lesser amount than in Example 1 above.
• This emulsion polish composition is prepared in the same manner as was described for Example 1 above.
• the final pH of the emulsion polish composition is from 7.2 to 7.7 and the viscosity at 20°C. is from 2800-3300 centipoise (2.8-3.3 Pa.s) with a non-volatile content of 23.00-24.00%.
• N-(p-ethoxycarbonylphenyl) -N'-methyl-N'-phenyl formamidine ultraviolet light absorber from Givaudan Corporation of Clifton, New Jersey, USA. 2. As used in this Example and later Examples, this
• the contents of the mixing tank are cooled to 55°- 50°C. and the CARBOPOL® 980 Solution is then charged to the mixing vessel with stirring.
• the contents of the mixing tank are then rapidly cooled to 25°-30°C. and a homogeneous paste is formed.
• the pH of the stirring contents of the mixing tank are then adjusted to a pH of 9.00-9.50 with the remaining amount of the 2-Amino-2-Methyl-l-Propanol (90% in water) .
• the resulting emulsion polish composition is stirred for an additional 30 minutes and a final check of the pH and viscosity is made.
• the resulting product is a compact white paste emulsion polish composition having a non-volatile content of 27.40-28.40%.
• This emulsion polish composition is made in the same manner as described for Example 3.
• the resulting composition is a compact white paste having a pH of 9.0-9.5 and a non ⁇ volatile content of 27.40-28.40%.
• Example 5 This is an example of an abrasive-free emulsion polish composition of the present invention which is useful as an automotive polish composition, particularly for use on new automobile surfaces. It is also an example of how compositions of the present invention can be prepared using pre-emulsified ingredients such as a silicone wax emulsion, a silicone resin emulsion and a wax emulsion.
• pre-emulsified ingredients such as a silicone wax emulsion, a silicone resin emulsion and a wax emulsion.
• Wax Emulsion A The wax emulsion, designated "Wax Emulsion A”, has the following formula:
• Nonionic surfactant mixture of alkyl ethoxylates from Hoechst AG of Frankfurt, Germany.
• Wax Emulsion A Hoechst Wax VPEA; Hoechst Wax KSL; and the Carnauba Wax are added to a melting vessel and heated to 105°-110°C. with stirring.
• the Hoechst Emulsifier 4106 is then added to the contents of the melting vessel and stirred well into the contents using a propeller mixer.
• the water is charged to a mixing vessel and heated to 96°C.
• the contents of the melting vessel are slowly charged at 105°-110°C. into the water in the mixing vessel with stirring. Stirring is continued for a further 10 minutes before the contents of the mixing vessel are cooled with good stirring to a temperature of 30°C.
• the contents of the mixing vessel are then filtered and the BODOXIN® preservative is then added to the filtered product and allowed to stir into the product for 10 minutes.
• the product is a milky white emulsion having a pH of 9.00-9.50 with a non-volatile content of 19.50-20.50%.
• the emulsion polish composition has the following formulation:
• Nonionic fluorocarbon surfactant from E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Company of Wilmington, Delaware, USA.
• the Wacker TPR Silicone Resin; Petrolite VYBAR® 825; Hoechst Wax E and Wacker SLM 50553/1 (Wax W 23) Silicone Wax are charged into a melting vessel and heated with stirring to 100°C.
• the water is charged to a mixing vessel and is heated with stirring to 85°-90°C.
• the contents of the melting vessel are cooled to 85°-90°C.
• the PEMULEN® TR-1 is added to the melting vessel and the contents are kept at 85°C. and stirred until the .. 4 -
• PEMULEN® TR-1 is well dispersed.
• the contents of the melting vessel are then slowly charged to the mixing vessel with vigorous stirring.
• the heating is discontinued and the contents of the mixing vessel are allowed to stir at least another 10 minutes until the contents are homogeneous.
• 85% of the total 2-Amino-2- Methyl-1-Propanol (90% in water) is added to the contents of the melting vessel and allowed to stir into the contents for 10 minutes.
• the contents of the mixing vessel are then cooled to 25°-30°C.
• 20°C is from 150-500 centipoise (0.15-0.50 Pa.s) with a non ⁇ volatile content of from 4.10-4.16%.

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• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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• Materials Applied To Surfaces To Minimize Adherence Of Mist Or Water (AREA)

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• 1992
  • 1992-09-04 GB GB929218770A patent/GB9218770D0/en active Pending
• 1993
  • 1993-08-24 WO PCT/US1993/007949 patent/WO1994005731A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-08-24 EP EP93920295A patent/EP0658179A4/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1993-08-24 BR BR9307010A patent/BR9307010A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-08-24 JP JP6507265A patent/JPH08501335A/ja active Pending
  • 1993-09-03 MX MX9305399A patent/MX9305399A/es not_active Application Discontinuation

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