EP0654308A1 - Method and device for grain size analysis in the fine and very fine ranges - Google Patents

Method and device for grain size analysis in the fine and very fine ranges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0654308A1
EP0654308A1 EP94113026A EP94113026A EP0654308A1 EP 0654308 A1 EP0654308 A1 EP 0654308A1 EP 94113026 A EP94113026 A EP 94113026A EP 94113026 A EP94113026 A EP 94113026A EP 0654308 A1 EP0654308 A1 EP 0654308A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sieve
gas
fine
gas flow
nozzle
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EP94113026A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0654308B1 (en
Inventor
Wolfram Dipl.-Ing. Blachetta
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RHEWUM GmbH
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RHEWUM GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B11/00—Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
    • B07B11/04—Control arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B07B1/50—Cleaning
    • B07B1/55—Cleaning with fluid jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
    • B07B13/14—Details or accessories
    • B07B13/18—Control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for particle size analysis in the fine and ultra-fine grain range by means of a gas jet sieve, the material to be sieved being fed onto the sieve cloth, a gas jet being sucked through the sieve cloth and the sieve material by means of a slot nozzle rotating below the sieve cloth, fine portions being entrained by the gas flow and by the gas flow are transported in the opposite direction through the screen fabric to a discharge opening located below the screen fabric and a device for carrying out the method.
  • a so-called laboratory air jet sieve is known in the prior art, in which a sieve insert is held in a device housing. An air supply opening opens below the sieve insert.
  • a slot nozzle is coupled to this air supply opening, which is rotatably mounted in the screen housing and is motor-driven.
  • This slot nozzle runs below the sieve fabric of the sieve insert at a fixed speed, so that the sieve material placed on the sieve fabric is whirled up.
  • the air supplied is discharged via an outlet connection, the fine parts which are entrained by the air flow and transported through the screen fabric also being removed through the outlet connection.
  • the sieve insert is closed with a lid.
  • this device is equipped with a mechanical timer. The sieving time can be set here.
  • an indirect air volume setting is carried out on an external air throttle in the fan connection or by means of a separate speed controller on the vacuum-generating unit, which is connected to the air discharge nozzle of the device.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method and a device for carrying out the method, which enables exact and exact reproducible measured values.
  • the lack of setting accuracy is remedied by an exact supply air quantity detection and regulation of the volume flow of the supply air.
  • the amount of gas supplied can be recorded with a Venturi nozzle and a differential pressure measurement at this nozzle.
  • it is also any other type of flow measurement, e.g. Can be used with a Prandl tube, a hot wire or a measuring turbine.
  • the moisture and temperature of the gas supplied are also recorded (gas in each case is to be understood in particular as air).
  • the quantity supplied is continuously adapted to the setpoint by changing the fan speed.
  • the fan can be used in suction or in pressure mode, the fan being attached to the exhaust air opening in suction mode, while in pressure mode the fan is attached to the supply air opening.
  • the stepless variation of the nozzle speed and the change of the nozzle geometry and the direction of rotation aim in the same direction.
  • the speed of the nozzle is an important criterion for the exposure time and the exposure frequency of the material to be screened.
  • the nozzle can be exchanged for nozzles of different slot geometry or multi-arm nozzles for product adaptation.
  • a membrane compressor can be used to generate pressure and can be switched so that the ring line is depressurized when the compressor is switched off by means of a valve. The sieve insert can then be easily removed and reinserted without great effort.
  • the variation of the screen space height and the shape of the screen space by changing the screen space cover (cover) also serves to vary the product load.
  • the lids used are preferably flat. However, they can also be concavely or convexly curved and / or provided with a structured surface for targeted flow influencing and control.
  • the screen space is sealed with a foam rubber cord or a flat gasket.
  • the humidity and temperature of the medium causing the screening is also recorded and regulated.
  • the control can be carried out using upstream heating elements, dryers or humidifiers. These components are included in the air volume determination through the temperature and humidity measurement and the display values are corrected. In addition, they are integrated into the process control in order to achieve targeted conditioning of the material to be screened. So for In the case of hygroscopic products with preheated air, the relative humidity is reduced and the sieving capacity is maintained. In the case of electrostatic charging, the charge on the material to be screened can be reduced by increasing the air humidity.
  • the measuring time is preset to the second and adhered to exactly. This is particularly important in the case of products sensitive to dispersion, which, for example, must not be exposed to high mechanical stress. In this case, an imprecise timing affects the sieving result considerably, since some products only tolerate sieving times of one minute.
  • the exhaust air flow is monitored optically and the particle flow is measured. If a certain termination criterion is fulfilled, e.g. the criterion of 0.1% per minute specified in DIN is ended after an adjustable follow-up time.
  • a certain termination criterion e.g. the criterion of 0.1% per minute specified in DIN is ended after an adjustable follow-up time. The measurement without a specified time and thus the automatability of measurement series is particularly advantageous.
  • an electronic microcontroller In order to process the wealth of information and to be able to reproducibly perform the various functions, the entire control of the device is carried out by an electronic microcontroller. This includes the necessary hardware and software. The setting and measured values are displayed digitally and can be read on an illuminated LC display. The microcontroller also realizes one RS-232 interface, via which a log printout as well as PC input and output is possible. By means of this interface and the technical design of the laboratory sieve machine shown, the system is the basis and component of an automatic analyzer with computer control of the analysis process, in which only the changing of the sieve inserts and the weighing have to be automated.
  • the analytical sieve device consists of a sieve machine housing 1, in which a slot nozzle 2 is rotatably held and can be driven via a drive motor 5.
  • a sieve insert 3 which is closed by a sieve space cover 4, is detachably arranged above the slot nozzle 2 is.
  • a venturi nozzle 6 connects to an air inlet pipe 7, from which the supply air is guided to the slot nozzle 2. With 8 a suction pipe is designated, through which the supplied air is sucked off. 9 with an annular hose seal is referred to, which can be inflated for the purpose of sealing by means of a compressor and can be vented for the purpose of exchanging the sieve insert 3.
  • a moisture sensor 10 and temperature sensor 11 with a signal detection board 12 are also integrated into the inlet pipe 7, as shown in FIG.
  • the material to be sieved is first filled into the sieve insert after the lid 4 has been removed, and the lid is placed tightly again. Subsequently, compressed air is supplied through the inlet connection 7 or suction air is sucked into the device through a suction member connected to the suction connection 8. The amount of air flowing in at 7 is detected in the area of the Venturi nozzle 6 by measuring the differential pressure at this nozzle. Furthermore, the relative humidity and the temperature of the supply air are measured by the humidity sensor 10 and the temperature sensor 11. If these measured values do not agree with the target value (specified), the flow velocity of the air supplied is reduced or increased, the humidity of the air is increased or decreased and the temperature is also increased or decreased until the target value is reached.
  • the supplied air then flows through the slot nozzle 2 and from there through the sieve fabric of the sieve insert 3.
  • the sieve material deposited on the sieve fabric is also flowed through, fine particles being entrained by the air flow, sucked down through the sieve fabric in the opposite direction and conveyed out of the suction nozzle 8.
  • FIG. 4 shows the linking of the input values, measured values and control values by means of a micro controller.
  • the differential pressure, the air temperature, the relative humidity and the nozzle speed are recorded as measured values.
  • the sieving time, the volume flow, the air temperature, the nozzle speed and the nozzle rotation direction are entered as input values.
  • the suction speed, the nozzle motor voltage (the drive motor of the nozzle), the heating voltage of the heating device, the compressor voltage for inflating the ring hose seal and the running time are output by the microcontroller as control values.
  • the invention is not based on the embodiment limited, but often variable within the scope of the disclosure.

Abstract

In order to provide a method for grain-size analysis in the fine and very fine range by means of a gas-jet screen, the screening material being delivered onto the screen fabric, a gas jet being blown through the screen fabric and the screening material by means of a slit nozzle (2) rotating underneath the screen fabric, fine fractions being entrained by the gas stream and being transported by the latter in the opposite direction through the screen fabric to a discharge orifice located underneath the screen fabric, the said method allowing exact and accurately reproducible measured values, it is proposed that the gas stream be recorded quantitatively and be kept constant over the course of the screening operation. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Korngrößenanalyse im Fein- und Feinstkornbereich mittels eines Gasstrahlsiebes, wobei das Siebgut auf das Siebgewebe aufgegeben, mittels einer unterhalb des Siebgewebes rotierenden Schlitzdüse ein Gasstrahl durch das Siebgewebe und das Siebgut gesaugt wird, Feinanteile vom Gasstrom mitgerissen und von dem Gasstrom entgegengesetzt durch das Siebgewebe zu einer unterhalb des Siebgewebes befindlichen Austragsöffnung transportiert werden sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens.The invention relates to a method for particle size analysis in the fine and ultra-fine grain range by means of a gas jet sieve, the material to be sieved being fed onto the sieve cloth, a gas jet being sucked through the sieve cloth and the sieve material by means of a slot nozzle rotating below the sieve cloth, fine portions being entrained by the gas flow and by the gas flow are transported in the opposite direction through the screen fabric to a discharge opening located below the screen fabric and a device for carrying out the method.

Im Stand der Technik ist ein sogenanntes Labor-Luftstrahlsieb bekannt, bei dem in einem Gerätegehäuse ein Siebeinsatz gehaltert ist. Unterhalb des Siebeinsatzes mündet eine Luftzuführöffnung.A so-called laboratory air jet sieve is known in the prior art, in which a sieve insert is held in a device housing. An air supply opening opens below the sieve insert.

An diese Luftzuführöffnung ist eine Schlitzdüse angekoppelt, die drehbar im Siebgehäuse gelagert und motorisch angetrieben ist. Diese Schlitzdüse läuft unterhalb des Siebgewebes des Siebeinsatzes mit fest fixierter Drehzahl um, so daß das auf das Siebgewebe aufgegebene Siebgut hochgewirbelt wird. Die zugeführte Luft wird über einen Abgangsstutzen abgeführt, wobei durch den Abgangsstutzen zudem die Feinanteile abtransportiert werden, die vom Luftstrom mitgerissen und durch das Siebgewebe hindurch transportiert werden. Der Siebeinsatz ist mit einem Deckel verschlossen. Zusätzlich ist diese Vorrichtung mit einer mechanischen Zeitschaltuhr ausgestattet. Hierüber kann die Siebzeit eingestellt werden. Ferner erfolgt eine indirekte Luftmengeneinstellung an einer Fremdluftdrossel im Lüfteranschluß oder mittels eines separaten Drehzahlstellers am unterdruckerzeugenden Aggregat, welches an dem Luftabführungsstutzen der Vorrichtung angeschlossen ist.A slot nozzle is coupled to this air supply opening, which is rotatably mounted in the screen housing and is motor-driven. This slot nozzle runs below the sieve fabric of the sieve insert at a fixed speed, so that the sieve material placed on the sieve fabric is whirled up. The air supplied is discharged via an outlet connection, the fine parts which are entrained by the air flow and transported through the screen fabric also being removed through the outlet connection. The sieve insert is closed with a lid. In addition, this device is equipped with a mechanical timer. The sieving time can be set here. Furthermore, an indirect air volume setting is carried out on an external air throttle in the fan connection or by means of a separate speed controller on the vacuum-generating unit, which is connected to the air discharge nozzle of the device.

Die bisher üblichen Vorrichtungen dieser Art für Laboranwendungen sind relativ ungenau, wobei einerseits zu Ungenauigkeiten führt, daß die mechanische Zeitschaltuhr eine geringe Einstell- und Wiederholgenauigkeit hat, und andererseits nur eine indirekte Luftmengenmessung erfolgt, wobei als Maß für die Luftmengeneinstellung der Unterdruck an einer definierten Stelle des Abluftkanales dient. Dieser Unterdruck ist aber geometrieabhängig und läßt keine genauen Rückschlüsse auf die prozeßrelevanten Parameter zu. In Konsequenz sind nur Messungen mit gleichem Gerät annähernd vergleichbar und Rückschlüsse auf die Produktbeanspruchung sind nur aus Erfahrungswerten unzureichend möglich.The previously common devices of this type for laboratory applications are relatively inaccurate, which on the one hand leads to inaccuracies that the mechanical timer has a low setting and repeatability, and on the other hand only an indirect air volume measurement takes place, the vacuum being a measure of the air volume setting at a defined point of the exhaust air duct. However, this negative pressure depends on the geometry and does not allow any precise conclusions to be drawn about the process-relevant parameters. As a consequence are only Measurements with the same device are roughly comparable and conclusions about product stress are only insufficiently possible based on experience.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens zu schaffen, welches exakte und genaue reproduzierbare Meßwerte ermöglicht.Proceeding from this prior art, the object of the invention is to create a method and a device for carrying out the method, which enables exact and exact reproducible measured values.

Die verfahrensmäßige Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist in den Ansprüche 1 bis 8 bezeichnet. Die vorrichtungsmäßige Lösung der Aufgabe ist in den Ansprüchen 9 bis 16 bezeichnet.The procedural solution to this problem is described in claims 1 to 8. The device-related solution to the problem is described in claims 9 to 16.

Erfindungsgemäß wird der Mangel an Einstellgenauigkeit durch eine exakte Zuluftmengenerfassung und Regelung des Volumenstromes der Zuluft behoben. Die Erfassung der zugeführten Gasmenge kann mit einer Venturidüse und einer Differenzdruckmessung an dieser Düse erfolgen. Es ist jedoch auch jede andere Art der Strömungsmessung, wie z.B. mit einem Prandl-Rohr, einem Hitzdraht oder einer Meßturbine einsetzbar. Um die Genauigkeit der Messung sicherzustellen, werden Feuchte und Temperatur des zugeführten Gases ebenfalls erfaßt (unter Gas ist hier jeweils insbesondere auch Luft zu verstehen).According to the invention, the lack of setting accuracy is remedied by an exact supply air quantity detection and regulation of the volume flow of the supply air. The amount of gas supplied can be recorded with a Venturi nozzle and a differential pressure measurement at this nozzle. However, it is also any other type of flow measurement, e.g. Can be used with a Prandl tube, a hot wire or a measuring turbine. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement, the moisture and temperature of the gas supplied are also recorded (gas in each case is to be understood in particular as air).

Die zugeführte Menge wird in Abhänigkeit vom gemessenen und korrigierten Volumenstrom mittels einer Lüfterdrehzahländerung kontinuierlich an den Sollwert angepaßt.Depending on the measured and corrected volume flow, the quantity supplied is continuously adapted to the setpoint by changing the fan speed.

Der Lüfter kann im Saug- oder im Druckbetrieb eingesetzt werden, wobei im Saugbetrieb der Lüfter an die Abluftöffnung angesetzt ist, während im Druckbetrieb der Lüfter an die Zuluftöffnung angesetzt ist. Die exakte und reproduzierbare Bestimmung der durch die Schlitzdüse strömenden Gasmenge ist neben der allgemeinen Forderung nach bester Analysequalität extrem wichtig zur Vergleichbarkeit von Siebresultaten verschiedener Geräte. Besonders bei abriebempfindlichen und zerkleinerbaren Produkten treten andernfalls große Fehler in den Ergebnissen auf.The fan can be used in suction or in pressure mode, the fan being attached to the exhaust air opening in suction mode, while in pressure mode the fan is attached to the supply air opening. The exact and reproducible determination of the amount of gas flowing through the slit nozzle is, in addition to the general requirement for the best quality of analysis, extremely important for comparing the sieving results of different devices. Otherwise, especially in the case of products that are sensitive to abrasion and can be shredded, large errors occur in the results.

In die gleiche Richtung zielen die stufenlose Variation der Düsendrehzahl und die Änderung der Düsengeometrie und der Drehrichtung. Die Drehzahl der Düse ist ein wichtiges Kriterium für die Beanspruchungszeit und die Beanspruchshäufigkeit des Siebgutes. Die Düse ist zur Produktanpassung gegen Düsen anderer Schlitzgeometrie oder mehrarmige Düsen austauschbar.The stepless variation of the nozzle speed and the change of the nozzle geometry and the direction of rotation aim in the same direction. The speed of the nozzle is an important criterion for the exposure time and the exposure frequency of the material to be screened. The nozzle can be exchanged for nozzles of different slot geometry or multi-arm nozzles for product adaptation.

Die bisher bekannte rein statische Abdichtung des Siebeinsatzes in dem Gerät gegenüber dem Gerätegehäuse führt häufig zu Undichtigkeiten und damit zu Fehlluftzufuhr, wodurch wiederum die Meßergebnisse verfälscht werden.The previously known purely static sealing of the sieve insert in the device with respect to the device housing often leads to leaks and thus to incorrect air supply, which in turn falsifies the measurement results.

Der erfindungsgemäß vorgesehene Ringschlauch mit Druckluftbeaufschlagung vermeidet diesen Mangel und ermöglicht auch bei großen Toleranzen der Siebeinsätze eine sichere Abdichtung der Siebeinsätze und damit des Siebraumes gegenüber dem Gerätegehäuse und ist damit wesentliche Voraussetzung für eine exakte Analyse. In Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann ein Membrankompressor zur Druckerzeugung benutzt und so geschaltet werden, daß die Ringleitung mit dem Abschalten des Kompressors mittels eines Ventils drucklos geschaltet wird. Der Siebeinsatz kann dann ohne großen Kraftaufwand leicht entnommen und wieder eingesetzt werden.The ring hose provided according to the invention with pressurized air avoids this deficiency and, even with large tolerances of the sieve inserts, enables the sieve inserts and thus the sieve space to be securely sealed against the device housing and is therefore essential prerequisite for an exact analysis. In an embodiment of the invention, a membrane compressor can be used to generate pressure and can be switched so that the ring line is depressurized when the compressor is switched off by means of a valve. The sieve insert can then be easily removed and reinserted without great effort.

Ebenfalls zur Variation der Produktbeanspruchung dient die Änderung der Siebraumhöhe und der Siebraumform durch Änderung der Siebraumabdeckung (Deckel).The variation of the screen space height and the shape of the screen space by changing the screen space cover (cover) also serves to vary the product load.

Die eingesetzten Deckel sind vorzugsweise eben. Sie können aber auch zur gezielten Strömungsbeeinflussung und -steuerung konkav oder konvex gewölbt und/oder mit einer strukturierten Oberfläche versehen sein. Die Abdichtung des Siebraumes erfolgt mit einer Moosgummirundschnur oder einer Flachdichtung.The lids used are preferably flat. However, they can also be concavely or convexly curved and / or provided with a structured surface for targeted flow influencing and control. The screen space is sealed with a foam rubber cord or a flat gasket.

Um die Vergleichbarkeit von Meß- und Analyseergebnissen zu erzielen, muß auch sichergestellt sein, daß die Feuchte und Temperatur des die Siebung bewirkenden Mediums ebenfalls erfaßt und geregelt wird. Die Regelung kann mittels vorgeschalteter Heizelemente, Trockner oder Luftbefeuchter erfolgen. Diese Komponenten werden durch die Temperatur- und Feuchtemessung mit in die Luftmengenbestimmung einbezogen und eine Korrektur der Anzeigewerte durchgeführt. Darüber hinaus werden sie in die Prozeßsteuerung integriert, um eine gezielte Konditionierung des Siebgutes zu bewirken. So kann für den Fall hygroskopischer Produkte mit vorgewärmter Luft die relative Luftfeuchte gesenkt und so die Siebfähigkeit erhalten werden. Im Falle elektrostatischer Aufladung kann durch Erhöhung der Luftfeuchte die Aufladung des Siebgutes verringert werden. Die Meßzeit wird sekundengenau voreingestellt und exakt eingehalten. Dies ist besonders wichtig bei dispergierempfindlichen Produkten, die z.B. keiner hohen mechanischen Beanspruchung ausgesetzt sein dürfen. In diesem Fall beeinträchtigt eine ungenaue Zeitsteuerung das Siebergebnis erheblich, da manche Produkte nur Siebzeiten von einer Minute vertragen.In order to achieve the comparability of measurement and analysis results, it must also be ensured that the humidity and temperature of the medium causing the screening is also recorded and regulated. The control can be carried out using upstream heating elements, dryers or humidifiers. These components are included in the air volume determination through the temperature and humidity measurement and the display values are corrected. In addition, they are integrated into the process control in order to achieve targeted conditioning of the material to be screened. So for In the case of hygroscopic products with preheated air, the relative humidity is reduced and the sieving capacity is maintained. In the case of electrostatic charging, the charge on the material to be screened can be reduced by increasing the air humidity. The measuring time is preset to the second and adhered to exactly. This is particularly important in the case of products sensitive to dispersion, which, for example, must not be exposed to high mechanical stress. In this case, an imprecise timing affects the sieving result considerably, since some products only tolerate sieving times of one minute.

Um die Siebzeit so kurz wie möglich zu halten, wird der Abluftstrom optisch überwacht und der Partikelstrom gemessen. Ist ein bestimmtes Abbruchkriterium erfüllt, z.B. das nach DIN vorgegebene Kriterium von 0,1 % pro Minute, wird nach einer einstellbaren Nachlaufzeit die Messung beendet. Vorteilhaft ist hierbei besonders die Messung ohne Vorgabezeit und damit die Automatisierbarkeit von Meßreihen.In order to keep the sieving time as short as possible, the exhaust air flow is monitored optically and the particle flow is measured. If a certain termination criterion is fulfilled, e.g. the criterion of 0.1% per minute specified in DIN is ended after an adjustable follow-up time. The measurement without a specified time and thus the automatability of measurement series is particularly advantageous.

Um die Fülle der Informationen zu verarbeiten und die vielfältigen Funktionen reproduzierbar ausführen zu können, wird die gesamte Steuerung der Vorrichtung von einer elektronischen Microcontrollersteuerung durchgeführt. Diese umfaßt die nötige Hardware und Software. Die Anzeige der Einstell- und Meßwerte erfolgt digital und ist auf einem beleuchteten LC-Display ablesbar. Der Microcontroller realisiert zudem eine RS-232-Schnittstelle, über die sowohl ein Protokollausdruck als auch eine PC-Ein- und Ausgabe möglich ist. Mittels dieser Schnittstelle und der dargestellten technischen Gestaltung der Laborsiebmaschine ist das System Basis und Komponente eines Analyseautomaten mit Computersteuerung des Analyseablaufes, bei dem nur noch der Wechsel der Siebeinsätze und die Wägungen zu automatisieren sind.In order to process the wealth of information and to be able to reproducibly perform the various functions, the entire control of the device is carried out by an electronic microcontroller. This includes the necessary hardware and software. The setting and measured values are displayed digitally and can be read on an illuminated LC display. The microcontroller also realizes one RS-232 interface, via which a log printout as well as PC input and output is possible. By means of this interface and the technical design of the laboratory sieve machine shown, the system is the basis and component of an automatic analyzer with computer control of the analysis process, in which only the changing of the sieve inserts and the weighing have to be automated.

Ein schematisiertes Ausführungsbeispiel ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
Eine Analaysesiebvorrichtung in Ansicht im Mittelschnitt gesehen;
Fig. 2
einen Ausschnitt in vergrößerter Darstellung;
Fig. 3
einen anderen Ausschnitt ebenfalls in vergrößerter Darstellung;
Fig. 4
ein Prinzipschaubild der Steuerung des Microcontrollers.
A schematic embodiment is shown in the drawing and described in more detail below. It shows:
Fig. 1
An anal sieve device seen in view in the middle section;
Fig. 2
a detail in an enlarged view;
Fig. 3
another detail also in an enlarged view;
Fig. 4
a schematic diagram of the control of the microcontroller.

Das Analysesiebgerät besteht aus einem Siebmaschinengehäuse 1, in dem eine Schlitzdüse 2 drehbar gehalten und über einen Antriebsmotor 5 antreibbar ist. Oberhalb der Schlitzdüse 2 ist ein Siebeinsatz 3 lösbar angeordnet, der durch einen Siebraumdeckel 4 verschlossen ist. An ein Lufteinlaßrohr 7 schließt sich eine Venturidüse 6 an, von der aus die Zuluft zur Schlitzdüse 2 geführt ist. Mit 8 ist ein Absaugrohr bezeichnet, durch welches die zugeführte Luft abgesaugt wird. Mit 9 ist eine Ringschlauchdichtung bezeichnet, die zum Zwecke des Dichtens mittels eines Kompressors aufgeblasen werden kann und zum Zwecke des Austausches des Siebeinsatzes 3 entlüftet werden kann. In das Einlaufrohr 7 sind noch ein Feuchtesensor 10 und Temperatursensor 11 mit einer Signalerfassungsplatine 12 integriert, wie in Figur 2 gezeigt. Beim Betrieb der Analysesiebvorrichtung wird zunächst Siebgut nach Abnahme des Deckels 4 in den Siebeinsatz eingefüllt, und der Deckel wieder dicht aufgesetzt. Anschließend wird Druckluft durch den Einführstutzen 7 zugeführt oder Saugluft durch ein an den Absaugstutzen 8 angeschlossenes Absaugorgan in die Vorrichtung eingesaugt. Die bei 7 einströmende Luft wird hinsichtlich ihrer Menge im Bereich der Venturidüse 6 durch Differenzdruckmessung an dieser Düse erfaßt. Desweiteren wird durch den Feuchtesensor 10 und den Temperatursensor 11 die relative Luftfeuchte und die Temperatur der Zuluft gemessen. Sofern diese Meßwerte nicht mit dem Sollwert (vorgegeben) übereinstimmen, wird die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der zugeführten Luft abgesenkt oder erhöht, die Feuchte der Luft angehoben oder abgesenkt und die Temperatur ebenfalls angehoben oder abgesenkt, bis der Sollwert erreicht ist.The analytical sieve device consists of a sieve machine housing 1, in which a slot nozzle 2 is rotatably held and can be driven via a drive motor 5. A sieve insert 3, which is closed by a sieve space cover 4, is detachably arranged above the slot nozzle 2 is. A venturi nozzle 6 connects to an air inlet pipe 7, from which the supply air is guided to the slot nozzle 2. With 8 a suction pipe is designated, through which the supplied air is sucked off. 9 with an annular hose seal is referred to, which can be inflated for the purpose of sealing by means of a compressor and can be vented for the purpose of exchanging the sieve insert 3. A moisture sensor 10 and temperature sensor 11 with a signal detection board 12 are also integrated into the inlet pipe 7, as shown in FIG. When the analytical sieve device is in operation, the material to be sieved is first filled into the sieve insert after the lid 4 has been removed, and the lid is placed tightly again. Subsequently, compressed air is supplied through the inlet connection 7 or suction air is sucked into the device through a suction member connected to the suction connection 8. The amount of air flowing in at 7 is detected in the area of the Venturi nozzle 6 by measuring the differential pressure at this nozzle. Furthermore, the relative humidity and the temperature of the supply air are measured by the humidity sensor 10 and the temperature sensor 11. If these measured values do not agree with the target value (specified), the flow velocity of the air supplied is reduced or increased, the humidity of the air is increased or decreased and the temperature is also increased or decreased until the target value is reached.

Die zugeführte Luft strömt dann durch die Schlitzdüse 2 und von dieser von unten durch das Siebgewebe des Siebeinsatzes 3. Dabei wird ebenfalls das auf dem Siebgewebe abgelegte Siebgut durchströmt, wobei Feinanteile vom Luftstrom mitgerissen, entgegengesetzt durch das Siebgewebe nach unten hindurchgesaugt und aus dem Absaugstutzen 8 abgefördert werden.The supplied air then flows through the slot nozzle 2 and from there through the sieve fabric of the sieve insert 3. The sieve material deposited on the sieve fabric is also flowed through, fine particles being entrained by the air flow, sucked down through the sieve fabric in the opposite direction and conveyed out of the suction nozzle 8.

In Figur 4 ist die Verknüpfung der Eingabewerte, Meßwerte und Regelwerte mittels eines Mircocontrollers gezeigt. Als Meßwerte werden der Differenzdruck, die Lufttemperatur, die relative Feuchte und die Düsendrehzahl erfaßt. Als Eingabewerte werden die Siebzeit, der Volumenstrom, die Lufttemperatur, die Düsendrehzahl und die Düsendrehrichtung eingegeben. Als Regelwerte werden vom Microcontroller die Saugerdrehzahl, die Düsenmotorspannung (des Antriebsmotors der Düse), die Heizspannung der Heizvorrichtung, die Kompressorspannung für das Aufblasen der Ringschlauchdichtung und die Laufzeit ausgegeben.FIG. 4 shows the linking of the input values, measured values and control values by means of a micro controller. The differential pressure, the air temperature, the relative humidity and the nozzle speed are recorded as measured values. The sieving time, the volume flow, the air temperature, the nozzle speed and the nozzle rotation direction are entered as input values. The suction speed, the nozzle motor voltage (the drive motor of the nozzle), the heating voltage of the heating device, the compressor voltage for inflating the ring hose seal and the running time are output by the microcontroller as control values.

Auf diese Weise ist eine genaue und wiederholbare Siebanalyse durchzuführen. Zudem ist es infolge der erfindungsgemäßen Ausbildung möglich, diese Vorrichtung als Komponente in einem Luftstrahl-Siebanalyseautomaten einzusetzen, wobei der Analyseablauf über einen Computer gesteuert wird und nur noch ein Wechsel der Siebeinsätze sowie die entsprechenden Wägungen zu automatisieren sind.In this way, an exact and repeatable sieve analysis can be carried out. In addition, as a result of the design according to the invention, it is possible to use this device as a component in an air jet sieve analysis machine, the analysis sequence being controlled by a computer and only a change of the sieve inserts and the corresponding weighings to be automated.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf das Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt, sondern im Rahmen der Offenbarung vielfach variabel.The invention is not based on the embodiment limited, but often variable within the scope of the disclosure.

Alle neuen, in der Beschreibung und/oder Zeichnung offenbarten Einzel- und Kombinationsmerkmale werden als erfindungswesentlich angesehen.All new individual and combination features disclosed in the description and / or drawing are regarded as essential to the invention.

Claims (16)

Verfahren zur Korngrößenanalyse im Fein- und Feinstkornbereich mittels eines Gasstrahlsiebes, wobei das Siebgut auf das Siebgewebe aufgegeben, mittels einer unterhalb des Siebgewebes rotierenden Schlitzdüse ein Gasstrahl durch das Siebgewebe und das Siebgut geblasen wird, Feinanteile vom Gasstrom mitgerissen und von dem Gasstrom entgegensetzt durch das Siebgewebe zu einer unterhalb des Siebgewebes befindlichen Austragsöffnung transportiert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gasstrom mengenmäßig erfaßt und über den Verlauf des Siebvorganges konstant gehalten wird.Process for grain size analysis in the fine and ultra-fine grain range using a gas jet sieve, the material to be sieved being fed onto the sieve cloth, a gas jet being blown through the sieve cloth and the sieve material by means of a slot nozzle rotating below the sieve cloth, fine fractions entrained by the gas flow and opposed by the gas flow through the sieve cloth can be transported to a discharge opening located below the screen fabric, characterized in that the gas flow is recorded in terms of quantity and is kept constant over the course of the screening process. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Temperatur und/oder die Feuchte des zugeführten Gasstromes erfaßt und auf einen Sollwert geregelt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature and / or the humidity of the gas stream supplied is detected and regulated to a setpoint. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zugeführte Gas von einer Filtervorrichtung gereinigt wird.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the supplied gas is cleaned by a filter device. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Siebzeit sekundengenau vorgegeben und eingehalten wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sieving time is specified and adhered to exactly to the second. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Partikelmenge im Abgasstrom erfaßt und daraus ein Abdruckkriterium für die Analyse abgeleitet wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the quantity of particles in the exhaust gas flow is detected and an impression criterion for the analysis is derived therefrom. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Datenerfassung und die Sollwert-Regelung digital mittels einer Microcontroller-Steuerung vorgenommen wird.Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the data acquisition and the setpoint control is carried out digitally by means of a microcontroller. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßergebnisse mittels einer standardisierten Datenschnittstelle und eines Druckers oder eines anderen Speichers protokolliert werden.Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the measurement results are logged by means of a standardized data interface and a printer or another memory. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über dieselbe Schnittstelle die Maschinensteuerung und Datenprotokollierung mittels eines Computers erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the machine control and data logging is carried out by means of a computer via the same interface. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, bestehend aus einer Siebmaschine mit Siebeinsatz, motorgetriebener umlaufender Schlitzdüse, Gaszufuhreinrichtung und Gasabgangsauslaß, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gaseinlaß (7) mit einer Zugasmengenerfassungsvorrichtung (6) ausgestattet ist, vorzugsweise einer Venturidüse und einer Differenzdruckmeßvorrichtung an der Düse, oder einem Prandl-Rohr, einem Hitzdrahtmengenmeßgerät, einer Meßturbine und daß eine Regelvorrichtung mit der den Zugasstrom erzeugenden Vorrichtung zur Konstanthaltung der Gasmenge gekoppelt ist.Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 8, consisting of a sieve machine with sieve insert, motor-driven rotating slot nozzle, gas supply device and gas outlet outlet, characterized in that the gas inlet (7) is equipped with a gas intake device (6), preferably a Venturi nozzle and a differential pressure measuring device on the nozzle, or a Prandl tube, a hot wire quantity measuring device, a measuring turbine and that a control device is coupled to the device for generating the gas flow for keeping the gas quantity constant. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Zugasstrom Sensoren (10,11) zur Erfassung der Feuchte und der Temperatur angeordnet sind sowie eine mit diesen gekoppelte Heizvorrichtung und Befeuchtungsvorrichtung für das Zugas.Apparatus according to claim 9, characterized in that sensors (10, 11) for detecting the moisture and the temperature are arranged in the train gas flow, as well as a heating device and humidification device for the train gas coupled to them. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in den Zugasstrom ein Vorfilter eingebaut ist.Apparatus according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a prefilter is installed in the gas flow. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Analysemeßzeitvorrichtung in Form einer Microcontrollersteuerung und/oder einer Zeitschaltuhr mit Sekundenteilung angeordnet ist.Device according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that an analysis measuring time device is arranged in the form of a microcontroller control and / or a timer with division by seconds. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Vorrichtung Bestandteil eines Gasstrahl-Siebanalyseautomaten ist.Device according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the device is part of an automatic gas jet sieve analyzer. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schlitzdüse (2) auswechselbar gehaltert und mittels eines Motors (5) mit veränderbarer Drehzahl und Drehrichtung antreibbar ist.Device according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the slot nozzle (2) is held interchangeably and can be driven with a variable speed and direction of rotation by means of a motor (5). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Siebeinsatz (3) auswechselbar ausgebildet und mit einer Ringschlauchdichtung (9) gegenüber dem Vorrichtungsgehäuse (1) abdichtbar ist, die mit einer Durchlufterzeugungsvorrichtung verbunden ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the sieve insert (3) is designed to be exchangeable and with a Ring hose seal (9) against the device housing (1) is sealable, which is connected to a through-air generating device. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 9 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der den Siebeinsatz (3) verschließende Deckel (4) eben, konkav oder konvex ausgebildet ist.Device according to one of claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the cover (4) closing the sieve insert (3) is flat, concave or convex.
EP94113026A 1993-11-23 1994-08-20 Method and device for grain size analysis in the fine and very fine ranges Expired - Lifetime EP0654308B1 (en)

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DE4339834 1993-11-23
DE4339834A DE4339834A1 (en) 1993-11-23 1993-11-23 Method and device for grain size analysis in the fine and fine grain range

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DE4339834A1 (en) 1995-05-24
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EP0654308B1 (en) 1997-09-24
DE59404158D1 (en) 1997-10-30
JPH07198581A (en) 1995-08-01

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