EP0652325A2 - Railbroad maintenance machine for correcting the position of the track - Google Patents

Abstract

A railroad maintenance machine for correcting the position of the track has a machine frame (7), which is supported on rail running gear and equipped with lining drives (13) for lateral correction of the track position, and measuring carriages (recording cars) (24-26) capable of rolling on a track. These measuring carriages form, together with the machine frame (7) serving as reference basis and also with measurement transducers (32,33,34), a reference system (30) for detection of the actual track position. The measuring carriages (24,26), situated at the front and at the rear end of the reference system (30) in relation to the working direction, are assigned respective banking measurement devices (37,38). In addition, a pressure transducer (39) for detection of the lining forces of the lining drives (13) is provided. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a track construction machine for correcting the track position with a machine frame supported on rail bogies, directional drives for lateral track position correction, and measuring carriages that can be rolled on a track, which form a reference system for detecting the actual position of the track with the machine frame serving as a reference base and with sensors.

A track tamping machine for correcting the track position is already known from AT 394 742, the machine frame, which is supported at the end in each case on rail bogies, serves as a reference basis for a machine-specific reference system for determining the track position errors.

In addition, a track stabilizer with two stabilization units arranged between rail bogies is known from US Pat. No. 5,113,767. To determine the height and lateral position errors of a track, a machine-specific reference system is provided, which essentially consists of measuring carriages that are spaced apart in the machine longitudinal direction and that can be rolled on the track, as well as a straightening and leveling chord. In an alternative embodiment, however, the reference base of the directional reference system can also be formed by the machine frame of the track stabilizer.

A further track stabilizer is described by US Pat. No. 5,172,637, the reference system of which in the area of a front and middle measuring carriage each has a transverse pendulum for detecting the transverse track position. This makes it possible, in conjunction with a position measuring device, to record the transverse track position determined in the area of the front measuring car and to provide it at a later time as a reference basis for the second measuring car located in the working area of the track, in order to provide the previously determined transverse track position despite the lowering of the track by the stabilizing units receive.

Finally, a track tamping machine is also known from US Pat. No. 4,655,142, the reference system of which has leveling and straightening tendons each has a transverse pendulum on both the front and rear measuring carriages for detecting the transverse track position. With this rear, second cross pendulum, it is possible to determine any remaining track position errors and to largely eliminate them by corresponding countermeasures of the track lifting devices.

The object of the present invention is to create a track construction machine of the generic type, the reference system of which using the machine frame as a reference base has improved accuracy.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a generic track construction machine in such a way that a transverse inclination measuring device is assigned to the measuring carriage located with respect to the working direction at the front and at the rear end of the reference system, and a pressure sensor is provided for detecting the straightening forces of the directional drives. With this combination of features, design inaccuracies caused by the use of the machine frame as a reference base can be completely eliminated with relatively little design effort, so that the invention provides a simplified and precise reference system for determining the lateral position errors of a track. The simplification is primarily to be seen in the fact that an existing and very stable machine part, namely the machine frame, is used as a reference base while saving the straightening tendon which may obstruct transverse movements of work units. Inaccuracies occurring in the area of a transition curve of a track can be completely compensated for by using the cross-slope measuring devices. At the same time, with the aid of the pressure transducer, any deflections of the machine frame that may occur and distort the measurement result can also be fully compensated for, so that even in such extreme situations, a high accuracy of the reference system can be expected.

The further development according to claim 2 ensures a very practical application, in which any inaccuracy factor is reliably excluded.

The embodiment according to claim 3 is structurally very simple and also ensures the most accurate measurement results.

With the solution according to the features of claim 4, fluctuations in the machine frame remain without influence on the accuracy of the measurement result.

The arrangement of two devices for measuring the cross slope has the particular advantage that measurement errors caused by twisting the machine frame can be compensated for.

Finally, with the method steps according to claims 6 and 7, construction-related problems that influence the accuracy when using a machine frame as a reference base of a reference system for correcting the track position are satisfactorily solved.

The invention is described in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing.

• Fig. 1 die Seitenansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen, als Gleisstopfmaschine ausgebildeten Gleisbaumaschine,
• Fig. 2, 3 und 4 jeweils einen vergrößerten Querschnitt durch die Stopfmaschine gemäß Fig. 1 (s. Schnittlinien II, III und IV) im Bereich eines Meßwagens,
• Fig. 5 eine schematisierte Draufsicht auf ein aus Maschinenrahmen, Meßwertgeber und Meßwagen gebildetes Bezugsystem zur seitlichen Gleislagekorrektur, und
• Fig. 6 ein vereinfachtes Schaltbild.

Show it:

• 1 is a side view of a track construction machine according to the invention, designed as a track tamping machine,
• 2, 3 and 4 each show an enlarged cross section through the tamping machine according to FIG. 1 (see section lines II, III and IV) in the area of a measuring carriage,
• Fig. 5 is a schematic plan view of a reference system formed from the machine frame, transmitter and measuring car for lateral track position correction, and
• Fig. 6 is a simplified circuit diagram.

The track construction machine 1 shown in FIG. 1 is designed as a track plug leveling and leveling machine and has a machine frame 7 which can be moved with two rail carriages 2, 3 on the track consisting of rails 4, 5 and sleepers 6. The working direction of the machine 1 is illustrated by an arrow 8. In the front area of the machine frame 7, the drive and energy supply devices 9 as well as the travel drive 10 of the machine acting on the front chassis 2 are arranged.

The machine 1 is equipped with a track straightening and lifting unit 11 which is height-adjustable with the machine frame 7 via a hydraulic lifting drive 12 and adjustable laterally via a hydraulic directional drive 13, in each case articulated. The front end of the track straightening and lifting unit 11 is further articulated on a bracket 14 of the machine frame 7. As track correction tools, two flanged straightening rollers 15 and four lifting rollers 16 are arranged on the track straightening and lifting unit 11 per rail 4.5, which are arranged opposite one another in pairs for roller-type forceps attack on the outside and inside of the rail head with respect to the rail 4 and 5. The machine 1 is also equipped per rail with a tamping unit 18, which is shown purely schematically and is connected to the machine frame 7 via a hydraulic height adjustment drive 17 and can be raised and lowered. At the rear end of the machine frame 7 there is an operator cabin 19 which contains a control device 20 assigned to the track correction tools.

The machine 1 has a conventional level reference system 21 for determining the track height, which comprises a leveling reference line 22 formed by a tension wire for each rail 4, 5, the front or rear end of which is in each case via a rod 23 with an uncorrected or corrected track guided measuring car 24 or 26 is connected. Another measuring car 25 guided on the track is between the track straightening and lifting unit 11 and the tamping unit 18 arranged. A measuring transducer 27 is connected to this measuring carriage 25, which cooperates in a known manner with the relevant level reference straight line 22 by means of its fork-shaped sensor arm. The measured value supplied by the transducer 27, which indicates the height difference of the track position in the area of the measuring carriage 25 to the leveling straight line 22 embodying the desired track level, is used for the indirect or direct actuation of the lifting drive 12, which actuates the track by means of the lifting rollers 16 of the track leveling - And lifting unit 11 lifts up to the intended target level. Both at the front and at the rear end of the machine frame 7 there is provided a device 28, 29 for measuring the transverse inclination.

In particular in connection with FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, a further reference system 30 for lateral track position correction is described. This reference system 30 essentially consists of the machine frame 7 serving as a reference base, the measuring carriages 24, 25 and 26, which can each be rolled off on flanges 31 on track 4.5, and sensors 32, 33 and 34. Each transducer 32, 33, 34 connected directly to the machine frame 7 via a corresponding extension 40 is designed as a roll potentiometer, the adjusting part of which can be rotated about a vertical or horizontal axis with the aid of a transducer cable 35. Each transmitter cable 35 is connected directly to the measuring carriage 24, 25, 26, forming a fastening point 36. Instead of these potentiometers, for example, a non-contact measuring device can also be used.

A transverse inclination measuring device 37, 38 is assigned to the front and rear measuring car 24, 26. All measuring carriages 24 to 26 are pressed onto one of the two rails 4, 5 (reference rail) in a manner known per se, not shown in detail, in order to thereby switch off the track play.

Since the transducer cables 35 of the transducers 32, 33 and 34 are approximately 420 mm above SOK (top edge of the rail), an error of up to 8 mm would occur in the transition or ramp area of a curved track due to the lateral deflection of the fastening point 36. These deflection errors can can be eliminated by determining the cross slope of the front and rear measuring car 24, 26 by the assigned cross slope measuring device 37, 38 and using it to compensate for the straightening system. In the middle measuring car 25, the setpoint for the leveling reference system 21 can also be used.

All fastening points 36 of the transmitter cables 35 are - with respect to a horizontal reference plane 41 formed by the wheel contact points of the rail bogies 2, 3 - at the same height, i.e. positioned in a plane parallel to the reference plane. This ensures that all three fastening points 36 experience the same lateral deviation when the machine frame 7 is subject to a transverse inclination. A measurement error is therefore also excluded in this case.

$$\text{Meßwertmittel Mm = (Hm - Vm) . K + Vm}$$

Various mathematical relationships are shown on the basis of the schematic representation shown in FIG. 5. In contrast to the embodiment described in FIGS. 1 to 4, the sensors 32, 33 and 34 are arranged on the respective measuring car 24, 25, 26, while the corresponding sensor cables 35 are connected to the machine frame 7. However, this has no influence on the mode of operation of the reference system 30 according to the invention. The distances of the respective transducers 32 to 34 in the cross machine direction to the machine frame 7 or to the fastening point 36 are designated as Vm (front measuring point), Hm (rear measuring point) and Ra (directional deviation). L defines the distance of the front measuring carriage 24 to the rear measuring carriage 26. With a or b the distance of the rear measuring carriage 26 to the middle or the front measuring carriage 24 to the middle measuring carriage 25 is defined. This results in the following relationships: $$\text{Machine-dependent system constant K = b / L}$$

$$\text{Measured value mean Mm = (Hm - Vm). K + Vm}$$

In the event that the reference system 30 is on an exactly straight track (for a zero adjustment), the following condition exists: $$\text{[(Hm - Vm). K + Vm] - Ra (≙ Mm) = 0}$$

The guide value (or shift value) Rw required to carry out the lateral track position correction is defined by the following equation (including the arrow height h in track arches): $$\text{Rw = h - [(Hm - Vm). K + Vm] - Ra}$$

Swiveling or parallel movement of the machine frame 7 has no influence on the result of the determination of the guide value after a zero adjustment has been carried out in a basic setting. With this zero adjustment, all measuring carriages 24 to 26 are in a horizontal track plane, the rails 4, 5 forming an exact straight line. All measuring cars 24-26 are - seen in the working direction - pressed against the right rail 4; the directional drives 13 are controlled without pressure. The track is e.g. concreted in and therefore cannot be moved. The display of the guide value is trimmed to zero with a first adjustment potentiometer. The left directional drive 13 is then subjected to maximum directional force. If there is a deviation of the guide value due to a lateral deflection of the machine frame 7, the display is compensated accordingly to the value zero with a second adjustment potentiometer. Straightening forces lying between these two zero settings are detected by the pressure transmitter 39 and correspondingly linearly compensated, so that the guideline values are correctly displayed with automatic compensation of the deflections of the machine frame 7 which are dependent on the straightening forces. The process described is to be repeated for the right directional drive 13. In the event that the machine frame 7 has a torsional stiffness that is too low, the torsion can be detected with the transverse inclination measuring devices 37 or 38 arranged at the end and also included for compensation for the determination of the guide value.

The following advantages result from the use of the reference system 30 according to the invention for the lateral track position correction:

Due to the lack of a steel or light chord, the working tools of the machine 1 cannot be influenced.
The tendon follow-up controls on the front and rear measuring carriages, which are complex in turnout tamping machines, are no longer required.
The tamping units can also be safely moved beyond the middle of the track.
The reference system 30 can be constructed with proven, conventional mechanical and electrical components. Simple roll sensors are sufficient for data acquisition.
A measurement error caused by the sag of the steel chord in ramps and track bends is eliminated.

As can be seen in FIG. 6, the difference between the front and rear sensors 32, 34 is formed in a differential element 42 (Hm-Vm). In an adaptation element 43, the difference value is multiplied by the system constant K. In a further difference element 44, which is also set up for an adjustment of the total zero value, a difference is formed to the directional deviation Ra determined by the mean measuring value transmitter 33. At the same time, the respective inclination of the assigned measuring carriage 24, 25, 26 is detected with the cross-slope measuring devices 37, 38 or a further measuring device 45 (which is assigned to the leveling reference system 21). A corresponding influencing of the measured value takes place in the subordinate adaptation elements 46 in accordance with the design-related lateral deviation of the fastening point 36 as a function of the transverse inclination. The further adaptation elements 47, 48 influence the measured value in accordance with the design-related factor a / L or b / L. The straightening force is detected in a further differential element 49 (e.g. by means of the pressure difference). The measured values, which are finally summed and compensated in a further differential element 50, are fed to a hydraulic servo circuit for carrying out the necessary lateral track position correction by applying the respective directional drive 13. At the same time, the respective guide value is displayed.

Instead of a tamping unit 18, for example, a known stabilization unit can also be used as a device for lateral correction of the track position.

Claims (7)

Track construction machine for correcting the track position with a machine frame (7) supported on rail bogies, directional drives (13) for lateral track position correction and measuring trolleys (24-26) that can be rolled out on a track, which can be used with the machine frame (7) serving as a reference base and with sensors (32 , 33, 34) form a reference system (30) for detecting the actual position of the track, characterized in that the measuring carriage (24, 26), which is located at the front and rear ends of the reference system (30) with respect to the working direction, each has a transverse inclination Assigned measuring device (37,38) and a pressure transmitter (39) for detecting the straightening forces of the straightening drives (13) is provided. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure transmitter (39) is coupled to a measuring transmitter (33) of a measuring carriage (25) located in the area of the straightening drive (13) for an automatic zero value adjustment as a function of the straightening force. Machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in each case a vertical extension (40) of the machine frame (7) is connected to a transmitter (32-34) designed as a rotary potentiometer with a transmitter cable (35), the transmitter cable (35) of which is formed an attachment point (36) is connected to the respective measuring carriage (24-26). Machine according to claim 3, characterized in that all the fastening points (36) of the sensor cables (35) on the measuring carriage (24, 25, 26) - with respect to a horizontal reference plane formed by the wheel contact points of the rail bogies (2, 3) - are positioned at the same height are. Machine according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a device (28, 29) connected to the front and at the rear end of the machine frame (7) for measuring the transverse inclination is provided. Method for detecting lateral track position errors by means of a reference system associated with a transducer of a track construction machine according to claim 1, characterized in that zero settings of the transducers are compensated as a function of the transverse inclination of the track and the directional force for lateral track displacement. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the zero settings are additionally compensated as a function of a twisting of the machine frame (7).

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