EP0651415A1 - High frequency power switch - Google Patents
High frequency power switchInfo
- Publication number
- EP0651415A1 EP0651415A1 EP94115729A EP94115729A EP0651415A1 EP 0651415 A1 EP0651415 A1 EP 0651415A1 EP 94115729 A EP94115729 A EP 94115729A EP 94115729 A EP94115729 A EP 94115729A EP 0651415 A1 EP0651415 A1 EP 0651415A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- control coil
- reed contact
- coil
- circuit breaker
- frequency circuit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
- H01H51/28—Relays having both armature and contacts within a sealed casing outside which the operating coil is located, e.g. contact carried by a magnetic leaf spring or reed
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high-frequency circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a high-frequency circuit breaker is already known from DE 37 27 764 A1.
- High-frequency circuit breakers are used, for example, in antenna matching devices in order to be able to switch on or off inductances or capacitances in these devices for adapting the antenna to the transmitter or receiver.
- the high-frequency circuit breaker known from DE 37 27 764 A1 has a melted down in a glass bulb Reed contact, which is controlled by a control coil, which is housed in a closed electrical shield housing and surrounds the reed contact at a distance in a ring.
- the reed contact is fastened at both ends to a mechanical device via its connecting lugs protruding from the glass bulb, which consists of two plate-like metal disks with rounded, bead-like edges, between which contact springs are arranged, between which the connecting lugs of the reed Are plugged in.
- the two fastening devices in turn are connected to a carrier plate connected to ground via high-voltage insulators.
- Air is present as an insulator between the inner ring surface of the ring opening of the control coil housing and the glass bulb of the reed contact, which is kept concentrically spaced therein, so that the reed contact can also be operated in high-frequency high-voltage applications, the distance between the reed contact and the latter immediate annular surface of the shield housing of the control coil must be selected according to the requirements of the desired high voltage strength.
- the shield housing of the coil is grounded with this circuit breaker, while the reed contact is at high voltage potential.
- the object of the invention is to provide a high-frequency circuit breaker of the type mentioned, the dielectric strength of which is as high as possible and which is nevertheless as simple as possible in construction.
- a second advantage is that the "lateral" arrangement of the control coil in addition to the reed contact makes the voltage resistance of the switch to ground significantly higher than that of comparable conventional circuit breakers.
- the dielectric strength of the switch to ground is independent of whether one or more reed contacts are arranged in parallel, which are controlled by the same control coil, ie switched.
- FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the high-frequency circuit breaker according to the invention.
- the switch contains (by way of example) a reed contact 1 which is melted into a glass bulb and which is connected at its two ends via a high-voltage-resistant solder connection 2 to an HF air coil 8 which is at high-voltage potential.
- the two solder connections 2 are (for example) each connected to the coil 8 at the coil ends, so that the entire coil 8 can be bridged by switching on the reed contact.
- the coil 8 it is of course also possible to provide another electrical component (e.g. an HF capacitor) or another electrical assembly. Provision can also be made to bridge only a part of such a coil with such a reed contact.
- the coil 8 can be at a voltage potential of 10-20 KV, for example, and can be operated in the MHz range.
- the coil 8 has terminals 10 and is held in an insulating high-voltage-resistant carrier 9.
- the control coil 3-5 which acts as an electromagnet, is fastened to a carrier plate 7 (for example made of aluminum).
- the control coil is shown in section and consists of a coil winding body 5 which is held in two pole shoes 4 arranged on the end face.
- a coil core 3 is also provided, which consist, for example, of soft iron can.
- a permanent magnet coil core can also be provided instead of the soft iron core (this is not possible, for example, in the known solution according to DE 37 27 764 A1).
- control coil 3-5 is also covered for electrical shielding to the reed contact 1 with a simple metallic foil 6 (e.g. made of copper).
- the entire control coil arrangement can be inside a thin sheet metal hood, e.g. made of aluminum, the edges and corners of which are rounded ("thermoformed hood").
- a hood shields all edges and corners of the pole pieces or the control coil from high electrical field strengths to the reed contact and thus reduces the risk of high voltage flashovers (in other words, this field prevents electrical field strength increases that would otherwise occur at corners, edges, etc would train).
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochfrequenz-Leistungsschalter gemäß Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1. Ein solcher Hochfrequenz-Leistungsschalter ist bereits aus der DE 37 27 764 A1 bekannt.The invention relates to a high-frequency circuit breaker according to the preamble of claim 1. Such a high-frequency circuit breaker is already known from DE 37 27 764 A1.
Hochfrequenz-Leistungsschalter werden beispielsweise in Antennenanpaßgeräten eingesetzt, um in diesen Geräten auf Hochspannung liegende Induktivitäten bzw. Kapazitäten zur Anpassung der Antenne an den Sender bzw. Empfänger zu- bzw. abschalten zu können.High-frequency circuit breakers are used, for example, in antenna matching devices in order to be able to switch on or off inductances or capacitances in these devices for adapting the antenna to the transmitter or receiver.
Der aus der DE 37 27 764 A1 bekannte Hochfrequenz-Leistungsschalter weist einen in einem Glaskolben eingeschmolzenen Reed-Kontakt auf, der von einer Steuerspule angesteuert wird, die in einem geschlossenen elektrischen Abschirmgehäuse untergebracht ist und den Reed-Kontakt in einem Abstand ringförmig umgibt. Der Reed-Kontakt ist bei dieser Lösung über seine aus dem Glaskolben herausragenden Anschlußfahnen an den beiden Enden jeweils an einer mechanischen Vorrichtung befestigt, die aus zwei tellerartigen Metallscheiben mit abgerundeten wulstartigen Rändern besteht, zwischen denen Kontaktfedern angeordnet sind, zwischen denen die Anschlußfahnen des Reed-Kontaktes eingesteckt sind.The high-frequency circuit breaker known from DE 37 27 764 A1 has a melted down in a glass bulb Reed contact, which is controlled by a control coil, which is housed in a closed electrical shield housing and surrounds the reed contact at a distance in a ring. In this solution, the reed contact is fastened at both ends to a mechanical device via its connecting lugs protruding from the glass bulb, which consists of two plate-like metal disks with rounded, bead-like edges, between which contact springs are arranged, between which the connecting lugs of the reed Are plugged in.
Die beiden Befestigungsvorrichtungen ihrerseits sind über Hochspannungsisolatoren mit einer an Masse liegenden Trägerplatte verbunden.The two fastening devices in turn are connected to a carrier plate connected to ground via high-voltage insulators.
Zwischen der Innenringfläche der Ringöffnung des Steuerspulengehäuses und dem konzentrisch darin im Abstand gehaltenen Glaskolben des Reed-Kontaktes ist als Isolator Luft vorhanden, so daß der Reed-Kontakt auch bei hochfrequenten Hochspannungsanwendungen betrieben werden kann, wobei der Abstand zwischen dem Reed-Kontakt und der diesen umgehenden Ringfläche des Abschirmgehäuses der Steuerspule nach den Erfordernissen der gewünschten Hochspannnungsfestigkeit gewählt werden muß. Das Abschirmgehäuse der Spule liegt bei diesem Leistungsschalter an Masse, während der Reed-Kontakt auf Hochspannungpotential liegt.Air is present as an insulator between the inner ring surface of the ring opening of the control coil housing and the glass bulb of the reed contact, which is kept concentrically spaced therein, so that the reed contact can also be operated in high-frequency high-voltage applications, the distance between the reed contact and the latter immediate annular surface of the shield housing of the control coil must be selected according to the requirements of the desired high voltage strength. The shield housing of the coil is grounded with this circuit breaker, while the reed contact is at high voltage potential.
Nachteilig bei dieser Lösung ist, daß der Schalter aus vielen Einzelteilen besteht, die eine aufwendige Montage und hohe Herstellungskosten zur Folge haben. Ferner kann der Reed-Kontakt bei dieser Lösung nicht direkt an dem zu schaltenden Bauteil (z.B. Spule oder Kondensator) befestigt werden und braucht daher isolierende hochspannungsfeste Stützträger. Die Spannungsfestigkeit zur Spulenabschirmung (die auf Masse liegt) wird durch die Geometrie der Ringspule und die Anzahl der von ihr angesteuerten Reedkontakte begrenzt.The disadvantage of this solution is that the switch consists of many individual parts, which result in complex assembly and high manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the reed contact cannot be directly connected to this solution switching component (eg coil or capacitor) and therefore needs insulating high-voltage resistant support beams. The dielectric strength to the coil shield (which is grounded) is limited by the geometry of the toroid and the number of reed contacts it controls.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen Hochfrequenz-Leistungsschalter der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, dessen Spannungsfestigkeit möglichst hoch ist und der dennoch möglichst einfach im Aufbau ist.The object of the invention is to provide a high-frequency circuit breaker of the type mentioned, the dielectric strength of which is as high as possible and which is nevertheless as simple as possible in construction.
Die erfindungsgemäße Lösung dieser Aufgabe ist durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Patentanspruchs 1 wiedergegeben. Die übrigen Ansprüche enthalten vorteilhafte Aus- und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung.The achievement of this task is represented by the characterizing features of claim 1. The remaining claims contain advantageous developments and developments of the invention.
Ein Vorteil dieser Lösung besteht darin, daß der Schalter nur aus wenigen Teilen - im wesentlichen dem Spulenkörper und dem Reed-Kontakt - besteht, die ohne großen Aufwand montiert werden können.An advantage of this solution is that the switch consists of only a few parts - essentially the coil body and the reed contact - which can be assembled without much effort.
Ein zweiter Vorteil besteht darin, daß durch die "seitliche" Anordnung der Steuerspule neben dem Reed-Kontakt die Spannungsfestigkeit des Schalters gegen Masse wesentlich höher ist als bei vergleichbaren herkömmlichen Leistungsschaltern.A second advantage is that the "lateral" arrangement of the control coil in addition to the reed contact makes the voltage resistance of the switch to ground significantly higher than that of comparable conventional circuit breakers.
Ferner ist die Spannungsfestigkeit des Schalters nach Masse unabhängig davon, ob ein oder mehrere Reed-Kontakte parallel angeordnet werden, die durch dieselbe Steuerspule angesteuert, d.h. geschaltet werden.Furthermore, the dielectric strength of the switch to ground is independent of whether one or more reed contacts are arranged in parallel, which are controlled by the same control coil, ie switched.
Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand der FIG. 1 näher erläutert. Die Figur zeigt ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemäßen Hochfrequenz-Leistungsschalters.In the following the invention with reference to FIG. 1 explained in more detail. The figure shows a preferred embodiment of the high-frequency circuit breaker according to the invention.
Der Schalter enthält (beispielhaft) einen in einem Glaskolben eingeschmolzenen Reed-Kontakt 1, der an seinen beiden Enden jeweils über einen hochspannungsfesten Lötanschluß 2 an eine auf Hochspannungspotential liegende HF-Luftspule 8 angeschlossen ist. Die beiden Lötanschlüsse 2 sind (beispielhaft) jeweils an den Spulenenden mit der Spule 8 verbunden, so daß durch Einschalten des Reed-Kontaktes die gesamte Spule 8 überbrückt werden kann. Anstelle der Spule 8 kann selbstverständlich auch ein anderes elektrisches Bauteil (z.B. ein HF-Kondensator) oder eine andere elektrische Baugruppe vorgesehen werden. Auch kann vorgesehen werden, mit einem solchen Reed-Kontakt nur einen Teil einer solchen Spule zu überbrücken.The switch contains (by way of example) a reed contact 1 which is melted into a glass bulb and which is connected at its two ends via a high-voltage-
Die Spule 8 kann beispielsweise auf einem Spannungspotential von 10-20 KV liegen und im MHz-Bereich betrieben werden. Die Spule 8 weist Anschlußklemmen 10 auf und ist in einem isolierenden hochspannungsfesten Träger 9 gehaltert.The coil 8 can be at a voltage potential of 10-20 KV, for example, and can be operated in the MHz range. The coil 8 has
Seitlich neben (bzw. unter) dem Reed-Kontakt 1 ist die als Elektromagnet wirkende Steuerspule 3-5 an einer Trägerplatte 7 (z.B. aus Aluminium) befestigt. Die Steuerspule ist im Schnitt gezeigt und besteht aus einem Spulenwicklungskörper 5, der in zwei stirnseitig angeordneten Polschuhen 4 gehaltert ist. Im Spuleninneren ist ferner ein Spulenkern 3 vorgesehen, der z.B. aus Weicheisen bestehen kann. Zur Reduzierung der Erregerleistung kann aber anstelle des Weicheisenkerns auch ein Dauermagnet-Spulenkern vorgesehen werden (dies ist z.B. bei der bekannten Lösung nach der DE 37 27 764 A1 nicht möglich).To the side of (or under) the reed contact 1, the control coil 3-5, which acts as an electromagnet, is fastened to a carrier plate 7 (for example made of aluminum). The control coil is shown in section and consists of a
Die Steuerspule 3-5 ist ferner zur elektrischen Abschirmung zu dem Reed-Kontakt 1 mit einer einfachen metallischen Folie 6 (z.B. aus Kupfer) ummantelt.The control coil 3-5 is also covered for electrical shielding to the reed contact 1 with a simple metallic foil 6 (e.g. made of copper).
Alternativ oder ergänzend zu der Folienabschirmung kann die gesamte Steuerspulenanordnung einschließlich der Polschuhe im Inneren einer dünnen Blechhaube z.B. aus Aluminium untergebracht werden, deren Kanten und Ecken abgerundet sind ("Tiefziehhaube"). Eine solche Haube schirmt alle Kanten und Ecken der Polschuhe bzw. der Steuerspule von hohen elektrischen Feldstärken zum Reed-Kontakt ab und verringert dadurch die Gefahr von Hochspannungsüberschlägen (mit dieser Haube werden mit anderen Worten elektrische Feldstärkeüberhöhungen vermieden, die sich sonst an Ecken, Kanten usw. ausbilden würden).As an alternative or in addition to the foil shielding, the entire control coil arrangement, including the pole shoes, can be inside a thin sheet metal hood, e.g. made of aluminum, the edges and corners of which are rounded ("thermoformed hood"). Such a hood shields all edges and corners of the pole pieces or the control coil from high electrical field strengths to the reed contact and thus reduces the risk of high voltage flashovers (in other words, this field prevents electrical field strength increases that would otherwise occur at corners, edges, etc would train).
Diese Anordnung von Reed-Kontakt 1 einerseits und Steuerspule 3-5 andererseits zeichnet sich dadurch aus,
- daß der Reed-Kontakt 1 direkt an dem zu schaltenden Bauteil (hier beispielhaft: an der Spule 8) befestigt werden kann, was bei dem bekannten Leistungsschalter DE 37 27 764 A1 nicht möglich ist; (selbstverständlich kann der Leistungsschalter nach FIG. 1 bei Bedarf auch an isolierenden hochspannungsfesten Stützträgern befestigt werden);
- daß die Spannungsfestigkeit des Reed-Kontaktes zum Massepotential (Bezugspotential) unabhängig von der Zahl der angesteuerten Reed-Kontakte ist und nur vom Abstand der Reed-Kontakte zu der Steuerspule 3-5 bzw. zu den
Polschuhen 4 abhängt; - daß eine Erwärmung des Reed-Kontakts 1 aufgrund von Wirbelstromverlusten der Steuerspule 3-5 nicht auftreten kann;
- daß eine Erwärmung der
Spulenabschirmung 6 aufgrund von Wirbelstromverlusten, die der Strom des Schalters im Spulengehäuse erzeugt, nicht auftreten kann; - daß insbesondere bei Verwendung von mehreren von derselben Steuerspule angesteuerten Reed-Kontakten dennoch die Außenmaße des Schalters klein gehalten werden können im Vergleich zur bekannten Lösung nach DE 37 27 764 A1.
- that the reed contact 1 can be attached directly to the component to be switched (here, for example: on the coil 8), which is not possible with the known circuit breaker DE 37 27 764 A1; (It goes without saying that the circuit breaker according to FIG. 1 can also be fastened to insulating high-voltage-resistant support beams if required);
- that the dielectric strength of the reed contact to the ground potential (reference potential) is independent of the number of controlled reed contacts and depends only on the distance of the reed contacts to the control coil 3-5 or to the
pole pieces 4; - that heating of the reed contact 1 cannot occur due to eddy current losses in the control coil 3-5;
- that heating of the
coil shield 6 cannot occur due to eddy current losses which the current of the switch generates in the coil housing; - that, in particular when using a plurality of reed contacts controlled by the same control coil, the external dimensions of the switch can nevertheless be kept small in comparison with the known solution according to DE 37 27 764 A1.
Es versteht sich, daß die Erfindung nicht auf dieses Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt ist, sondern vielmehr auch auf andere übertragbar ist. So ist es z.B. möglich, mehrere in Serie (und gegebenenfalls parallel) geschaltete Reed-Kontakte über dieselbe Steuerspule anzusteuern, d.h. zu schalten.It goes without saying that the invention is not restricted to this exemplary embodiment, but rather can also be transferred to others. So it is e.g. possible to control several reed contacts connected in series (and possibly in parallel) via the same control coil, i.e. to switch.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4336929A DE4336929A1 (en) | 1993-10-29 | 1993-10-29 | High frequency circuit breakers |
DE4336929 | 1993-10-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0651415A1 true EP0651415A1 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
EP0651415B1 EP0651415B1 (en) | 1998-04-22 |
Family
ID=6501313
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94115729A Expired - Lifetime EP0651415B1 (en) | 1993-10-29 | 1994-10-06 | High frequency power switch |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0651415B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4336929A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT221159B (en) * | 1959-07-15 | 1962-05-10 | Telefonbau & Normalzeit Gmbh | Magnetically controlled switching contact |
DE2138763A1 (en) * | 1971-08-03 | 1973-02-15 | Licentia Gmbh | ARRANGEMENT FOR TRANSMITTING CONTROL COMMANDS AND MESSAGES FOR EQUIPMENT ENCLOSED IN SHIELDING HOUSING |
US3800222A (en) * | 1972-09-07 | 1974-03-26 | Motorola Inc | Radio frequency switch employing reed switches and a quarter wave line |
DE1765937A1 (en) * | 1968-08-12 | 1975-04-10 | Siemens Ag | DEVICE FOR SWITCHING ELECTRIC CURRENTS |
SU1109821A1 (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-08-23 | Предприятие П/Я А-7162 | Hermetically sealed reed relay switch for high-frequency circuits |
DE3727764C1 (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1988-12-01 | Rohde & Schwarz | High frequency circuit breakers |
-
1993
- 1993-10-29 DE DE4336929A patent/DE4336929A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-10-06 DE DE59405779T patent/DE59405779D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-06 EP EP94115729A patent/EP0651415B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT221159B (en) * | 1959-07-15 | 1962-05-10 | Telefonbau & Normalzeit Gmbh | Magnetically controlled switching contact |
DE1765937A1 (en) * | 1968-08-12 | 1975-04-10 | Siemens Ag | DEVICE FOR SWITCHING ELECTRIC CURRENTS |
DE2138763A1 (en) * | 1971-08-03 | 1973-02-15 | Licentia Gmbh | ARRANGEMENT FOR TRANSMITTING CONTROL COMMANDS AND MESSAGES FOR EQUIPMENT ENCLOSED IN SHIELDING HOUSING |
US3800222A (en) * | 1972-09-07 | 1974-03-26 | Motorola Inc | Radio frequency switch employing reed switches and a quarter wave line |
SU1109821A1 (en) * | 1983-04-12 | 1984-08-23 | Предприятие П/Я А-7162 | Hermetically sealed reed relay switch for high-frequency circuits |
DE3727764C1 (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1988-12-01 | Rohde & Schwarz | High frequency circuit breakers |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
SOVIET INVENTIONS ILLUSTRATED Section EI Week 8513, 8 May 1985 Derwent World Patents Index; Class V03, AN 85-079482/13 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4336929A1 (en) | 1995-05-04 |
EP0651415B1 (en) | 1998-04-22 |
DE59405779D1 (en) | 1998-05-28 |
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