EP0650632B1 - Container for the transport and terminal storage of nuclear-fuel rods - Google Patents
Container for the transport and terminal storage of nuclear-fuel rods Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0650632B1 EP0650632B1 EP93914546A EP93914546A EP0650632B1 EP 0650632 B1 EP0650632 B1 EP 0650632B1 EP 93914546 A EP93914546 A EP 93914546A EP 93914546 A EP93914546 A EP 93914546A EP 0650632 B1 EP0650632 B1 EP 0650632B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- container
- shell
- fuel rods
- container according
- transport
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012432 intermediate storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F5/00—Transportable or portable shielded containers
- G21F5/005—Containers for solid radioactive wastes, e.g. for ultimate disposal
- G21F5/008—Containers for fuel elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a container for the transport and final storage of nuclear fuel rods.
- Repository containers made of titanium, tungsten, nickel or similar metals are known, but these metals are not sufficiently available and are very expensive to manufacture.
- the aim of the invention is therefore to create a container for the transport and final storage of nuclear reactor fuel rods which is inexpensive to manufacture and which has an excellent shielding effect against radioactive radiation, an extremely long life and good mechanical strength.
- This goal is achieved with a container which is characterized by at least one shielding jacket made of cast bronze, preferably CuPb15Sn, for covering the fuel rods and at least one further shielding jacket made of sintered magnesite bricks.
- Cast bronze is a much cheaper starting material compared to the metals mentioned. Excavations have shown that this metal has survived for around 4000 years without any damage and without material fatigue. It provides excellent shielding against the residual radiation emerging from the fuel rods.
- the sintered magnesite stones have excellent mechanical strength over a long period of time and are resistant to high temperatures, so that a possible temperature development inside the container can be kept under control. In addition, the sintered magnesite stones also contribute to a good shielding of the radioactive radiation. It should be noted that any type of concrete coating has been deliberately avoided, because over the course of decades, concrete becomes brittle and therefore porous, so that shielding can no longer be guaranteed. In contrast, the shielding effect is retained over a long time in the solution according to the invention.
- the container is provided with an outer casing made of stainless steel. This increases the long-term corrosion resistance of the container.
- the container comprises an outer casing 1, seen from the outside inwards Stainless steel, an outer bronze cast jacket 2, a jacket 3 made of sintered magnesite stones and an inner bronze cast jacket 4.
- CuPb15Sn in particular, has proven to be a suitable bronze casting alloy.
- Atomic fuel rods 5 are stored inside the container.
- Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the container according to the invention with a sequence - seen from the outside inwards - of the outer bronze cast jacket 2, the outer magnesite brick jacket 3, the inner bronze cast jacket 4 and the inner magnesite brick jacket 3 '.
- Atomic fuel rods 5 are stored inside the container.
- the container has a cylindrical shape and is equipped with a closure lid 10, which can also have several layers of cast bronze and / or shaped magnesite stones. Magnets 11 are embedded in the bottom 12 and in the lid 10 of the container.
- the shape of the container and the number and sequence of the shielding jackets can be modified as desired within the scope of the invention.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Stackable Containers (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Behälter zum Transport und zur Endlagerung von Kernreaktorebrennstäben.The present invention relates to a container for the transport and final storage of nuclear fuel rods.
In den letzten Jahren ist immer wieder davon die Rede, daß der Atommüll nicht richtig entsorgt wird und somit bei mangelhafter Entsorgung eine Gefahr für die Menschheit darstellt. Deutsche Wissenschaftler der Kernenergie haben große Mängel bei der Entsorgung des Atommülls erkannt und aufgezeigt, daß sich bis zum Jahre 2000 der Atommüll verdoppeln wird. Es ist eine Tatsache, daß es bisher keine zuverlässigen Endlagerbehälter gibt, sondern nur Zwischenlagerbehälter, die gestapelt in aufgelassenen Gruben untergebracht werden. Experten geben zu, daß die Behälter oftmals durch das Gewicht der Stapelung - vier bis acht Behälter übereinander - bersten, so daß eine Kontrolle durch das Personal in den Lagerhallen kaum möglich ist. Die Halbwertzeit des Atommülls beträgt einige hundert bis tausend Jahre, so daß zur Endlagerung Materialien für die Container verwendet werden müssen, die nach menschlichem Ermessen diese Zeit überdauern.In recent years there has been repeated talk that the nuclear waste is not disposed of properly and thus represents a danger to humanity if it is not properly disposed of. German nuclear energy scientists have identified major shortcomings in the disposal of nuclear waste and have shown that nuclear waste will double by the year 2000. It is a fact that so far there are no reliable repositories, but only intermediate storage containers that are stacked in abandoned pits. Experts admit that the containers often burst due to the weight of the stack - four to eight containers on top of one another - so that control by the staff in the warehouses is hardly possible. The half-life of nuclear waste is a few hundred to a thousand years, so that materials for the containers must be used for disposal, which, according to human judgment, survive this time.
Es sind Endlagerbehälter aus Titan, Wolfram, Nickel oder ähnlichen Metallen bekannt, doch sind diese Metalle nicht in ausreichendem Maße vorhanden und in der Fertigung sehr kostenaufwendig.Repository containers made of titanium, tungsten, nickel or similar metals are known, but these metals are not sufficiently available and are very expensive to manufacture.
Die Erfindung setzt sich daher zum Ziel, einen kostengünstig zu fertigenden Behälter zum Transport und zur Endlagerung von Kernreaktorebrennstäben zu schaffen, der eine ausgezeichnete Abschirmungswirkung gegen radioaktive Strahlung, eine extrem lange Lebensdauer und eine gute mechanische Festigkeit aufweist. Dieses Ziel wird mit einem Behälter erreicht, der sich auszeichnet durch zumindest einen Abschirmungsmantel aus Bronzeguß, vorzugsweise CuPb15Sn, zur Umhüllung der Brennstäbe und zumindest einen weiteren Abschirmungsmantel aus gesinterten Magnesitformsteinen.The aim of the invention is therefore to create a container for the transport and final storage of nuclear reactor fuel rods which is inexpensive to manufacture and which has an excellent shielding effect against radioactive radiation, an extremely long life and good mechanical strength. This goal is achieved with a container which is characterized by at least one shielding jacket made of cast bronze, preferably CuPb15Sn, for covering the fuel rods and at least one further shielding jacket made of sintered magnesite bricks.
Bronzeguß ist im Vergleich zu den genannten Metallen ein wesentlich kostengünstigeres Ausgangsmaterial. Ausgrabungen haben ergeben, daß dieses Metall bereits ca. 4000 Jahre ohne jede Beschädigung und ohne Materialermüdung überdauert. Es bietet eine ausgezeichnete Abschirmung gegenüber der aus den Brennstäben austretenden Reststrahlung. Die gesinterten Magnesitformsteine besitzen ausgezeichnete mechanische Festigkeit über lange Zeit und sind hochtemperaturbeständig, so daß auch eine mögliche Temperaturentwicklung im Inneren des Behälters unter Kontrolle gehalten werden kann. Überdies tragen die Sintermagnesitformsteine ebenfalls zu einer guten Abschirmung der radioaktiven Strahlung bei. Es ist zu beachten, daß bewußt auf jegliche Art von Betonummantelung verzichtet wurde, weil Beton im Verlauf von Jahrzehnten brüchig und damit porös wird, so daß eine Abschirmung nicht mehr gewährleistet ist. Im Gegensatz dazu bleibt bei der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung die Abschirmwirkung über lange Zeit erhalten.Cast bronze is a much cheaper starting material compared to the metals mentioned. Excavations have shown that this metal has survived for around 4000 years without any damage and without material fatigue. It provides excellent shielding against the residual radiation emerging from the fuel rods. The sintered magnesite stones have excellent mechanical strength over a long period of time and are resistant to high temperatures, so that a possible temperature development inside the container can be kept under control. In addition, the sintered magnesite stones also contribute to a good shielding of the radioactive radiation. It should be noted that any type of concrete coating has been deliberately avoided, because over the course of decades, concrete becomes brittle and therefore porous, so that shielding can no longer be guaranteed. In contrast, the shielding effect is retained over a long time in the solution according to the invention.
Es sei an dieser Stelle erwähnt, daß es aus der DE-A- 36 28 855 bekannt ist, zur hitzebeständigen Auskleidung von Kernkraftwerken einen Gebäudeboden aus keramischen Magnesitformsteinen vorzusehen.It should be mentioned at this point that it is known from DE-A-36 28 855 to provide a building floor made of ceramic magnesite bricks for the heat-resistant lining of nuclear power plants.
Ferner sei erwähnt, daß in der älteren, nicht vorveröffentlichten österreichischen Patentanmeldung AT 72/92 der gleichen Anmelder ein Behälter zum Transport und zur Endlagerung von atomaren Brennstäben vorgeschlagen wird, der sich auszeichnet durch zumindest einen Abschirmungsmantel aus gesinterten Magnesitformsteinen zur Umhüllung der Brennstäbe und zumindest einen weiteren Abschirmungsmantel aus vorzugsweise feuchtem und mit Salz vermischtem Feinton.It should also be mentioned that in the older, not previously published Austrian patent application AT 72/92 by the same applicant, a container for the transport and final storage of atomic fuel rods is proposed, which is characterized by at least one shielding jacket made of sintered magnesite bricks for covering the fuel rods and at least one Another shielding jacket made of preferably damp and salt-mixed fine clay.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Behälter mit einer äußeren Ummantelung aus Edelstahl versehen. Dies erhöht die Langzeitkorrosionsbeständigkeit des Behälters.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the container is provided with an outer casing made of stainless steel. This increases the long-term corrosion resistance of the container.
Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der nachfolgenden Beschreibung zweier bevorzugter Ausführungsformen an Hand der beigeschlossenen Zeichnungen, in denen
- Fig. 1 einen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform und
- Fig. 2 einen Längsschnitt durch eine zweite Ausführungsform zeigt.
- Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a first embodiment and
- Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through a second embodiment.
Bei der Ausführungsform nach Fig. 1 umfaßt der Behälter von außen nach innen gesehen eine äußere Ummantelung 1 aus Edelstahl, einen äußeren Bronzegußmantel 2, einen Mantel 3 aus gesinterten Magnesitformsteinen und einen inneren Bronzegußmantel 4. Als geeignete Bronzegußlegierung hat sich insbesondere CuPb15Sn erwiesen.In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the container comprises an outer casing 1, seen from the outside inwards Stainless steel, an outer
Im Inneren des Behälters werden atomare Brennstäbe 5 aufbewahrt.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine weitere Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Behälters mit einer Abfolge - von außen nach innen gesehen - von äußerem Bronzegußmantel 2, äußerem Magnesitformsteinmantel 3, innerem Bronzegußmantel 4 und innerem Magnesitformsteinmantel 3'. Im Inneren des Behälters sind atomare Brennstäbe 5 aufbewahrt.Fig. 2 shows a further embodiment of the container according to the invention with a sequence - seen from the outside inwards - of the outer
Der Behälter besitzt Zylinderform und ist mit einem Verschlußdeckel 10 ausgestattet, der ebenfalls mehrere Lagen Bronzeguß und/oder Magnesitformsteine aufweisen kann. Im Boden 12 und im Deckel 10 des Behälters sind Magnete 11 eingebettet.The container has a cylindrical shape and is equipped with a closure lid 10, which can also have several layers of cast bronze and / or shaped magnesite stones.
Die Form des Behälters und die Anzahl und Abfolge der Abschirmungsmäntel kann im Rahmen der Erfindung beliebig abgewandelt werden.The shape of the container and the number and sequence of the shielding jackets can be modified as desired within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
- Container for the transport and ultimate storage of nuclear reactor fuel rods, characterised by at least one shielding shell (2, 4) made of cast bronze, preferably CuPb15Sn, for encasing the fuel rods (5) and at least one additional shielding shell (3, 3') made of moulded sintered magnesite bricks.
- Container according to claim 1, characterised in that it is provided with an outer casing (1) made of special steel.
- Container according to claim 1, characterised in that, as seen from the outside to the inside, a special steel casing (1), an outer cast bronze shell (2), a moulded magnesite brick shell (3) and an inner cast bronze shell (4) follow each other.
- Container according to claim 1, characterised in that, as seen from the outside to the inside, an outer cast bronze shell (2), an outer moulded magnesite brick shell (3), an inner cast bronze shell (4) and an inner moulded magnesite brick shell (3') follow each other.
- Container according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that it has a cylindrical shape and is equipped with a multi-layer sealing cover (10).
- Container according to claim 5, characterised in that magnets (11) are embedded in its bottom (12) and its cover (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT1428/92 | 1992-07-13 | ||
| AT0142892A AT398012B (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1992-07-13 | CONTAINER FOR THE TRANSPORT AND FINAL STORAGE OF ATOMIC FUEL TUBES |
| PCT/AT1993/000118 WO1994001871A1 (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1993-07-13 | Container for the transport and terminal storage of nuclear-fuel rods |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0650632A1 EP0650632A1 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
| EP0650632B1 true EP0650632B1 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
Family
ID=3513695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93914546A Expired - Lifetime EP0650632B1 (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1993-07-13 | Container for the transport and terminal storage of nuclear-fuel rods |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0650632B1 (en) |
| AT (2) | AT398012B (en) |
| CZ (1) | CZ281739B6 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59304493D1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994001871A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20010011711A1 (en) | 1996-05-03 | 2001-08-09 | Graham Nicholson | Container for nuclear fuel transportation |
| GB9609304D0 (en) | 1996-05-03 | 1996-07-10 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Improvements in and relating to fuel transportation |
| EP1122745A1 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2001-08-08 | GNB Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Behälter mbH | Container for shipping and/or storing radioactive heat releasing materials and method for producing the same |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3214880A1 (en) * | 1982-04-22 | 1983-10-27 | Deutsche Gesellschaft für Wiederaufarbeitung von Kernbrennstoffen mbH, 3000 Hannover | CONTAINER TO RECEIVE RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES |
| DE3520450A1 (en) * | 1985-06-07 | 1986-12-11 | Gattys Technique S.A., Freiburg/Fribourg | RADIATION PROTECTION CONTAINER FOR TRANSPORTING AND STORING RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| DE3628855A1 (en) * | 1986-08-25 | 1988-03-10 | Peter Dr Ing Niedner | Process and device for safeguarding the surroundings of nuclear power stations in the case of core meltdowns |
-
1992
- 1992-07-13 AT AT0142892A patent/AT398012B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-07-13 AT AT93914546T patent/ATE145298T1/en active
- 1993-07-13 DE DE59304493T patent/DE59304493D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-07-13 EP EP93914546A patent/EP0650632B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-07-13 CZ CZ942277A patent/CZ281739B6/en unknown
- 1993-07-13 WO PCT/AT1993/000118 patent/WO1994001871A1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT398012B (en) | 1994-08-25 |
| DE59304493D1 (en) | 1996-12-19 |
| ATE145298T1 (en) | 1996-11-15 |
| WO1994001871A1 (en) | 1994-01-20 |
| EP0650632A1 (en) | 1995-05-03 |
| ATA142892A (en) | 1993-12-15 |
| CZ227794A3 (en) | 1995-01-18 |
| CZ281739B6 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
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