EP0650223B1 - Female electrical contact terminal - Google Patents
Female electrical contact terminal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0650223B1 EP0650223B1 EP94402381A EP94402381A EP0650223B1 EP 0650223 B1 EP0650223 B1 EP 0650223B1 EP 94402381 A EP94402381 A EP 94402381A EP 94402381 A EP94402381 A EP 94402381A EP 0650223 B1 EP0650223 B1 EP 0650223B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bar
- duct
- electrical contact
- cut
- bent
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/10—Sockets for co-operation with pins or blades
- H01R13/11—Resilient sockets
- H01R13/113—Resilient sockets co-operating with pins or blades having a rectangular transverse section
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/02—Contact members
- H01R13/193—Means for increasing contact pressure at the end of engagement of coupling part, e.g. zero insertion force or no friction
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a female electrical contact member.
- the invention relates to a female electrical contact member comprising, at one end, means for its attachment to a conductor and, at the other end, a conduit intended to receive a male tab, in the conduit being formed a strip elastic to pinch the male tab.
- Patents EP-A-0 147 076 and US-A-4 699 444 show such an embodiment.
- One of the aims of the present invention is to remedy this drawback.
- the member according to the invention is of the type made from a strip of material which is good conductor of electricity and endowed with a certain elasticity, cut and folded to present, at one end, tabs for crimping d '' an electrical conductor and, at the other end, a rectangular section duct having a floor wall, two side walls and a ceiling wall, the floor wall being extended and folded towards the inside of the duct to form a strip elastic so that a male tongue, inserted into the duct, is pinched between said bar and the ceiling wall, the floor wall comprising, cut out, a bar which is folded to extend under the elastic bar and cooperate with this last, said member being characterized in that the bar is cut on the side of the legs and is folded to extend in the direction of the end of the conduit intended to receive the tongue.
- the side walls comprising punctures which form, towards the inside, stops limiting the movement of the elastic bar, the bar having a width less than the interval separating the punctures.
- the bar being folded in a hairpin, its elastic action is reinforced and as the punctures limit the movement of the bar, it is avoided that it can be forced and, consequently, a collapse of the bar is avoided. bar.
- the elastic bar is provided with lateral wings intended to bear against punctures.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a female electrical contact member according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view.
- Figure 3 is a sectional view along line 3-3 of Figure 2.
- Figure 4 is a sectional view along line 4-4 of Figure 2.
- the member shown in the figures is produced from a metal strip which is a good conductor of electricity, suitably cut and folded to present a body 1 with, at one end, a conduit 2 and, at the other end, legs 3 for crimping an electrical conductor housed in an insulating sheath and lugs 4 for crimping a stripped end of said conductor.
- the duct 2 is formed by a floor wall 6, two side walls 7 and 8 and a ceiling wall 9 formed by the free ends 10 and 11 of the side walls 7 and 8 respectively which are folded to extend one in facing each other, said free ends being stamped to form an internal projection 14 in the duct 2.
- the floor wall 6 is extended on the side opposite to the crimp tabs 3 and 4, the extension being folded back inside the conduit 2 to form an elastic electrical contact strip 16 having, near its free end and turned to the side projection 14, a bump 17.
- the bar 16 is provided, laterally, with wings 18 and 19 while in the wall 7 is formed a puncture 20 at the level of the wing 18 and, at the level of the wing 19, in the side wall 8, a puncture 21.
- the punctures 20 and 21 are formed at a level such that they oppose the engagement in the conduit 2 of a male tongue whose thickness exceeds a determined threshold.
- a bar 24 which is folded to extend towards the free end of the conduit 2 in order to cooperate with the bar 16 and to reinforce the elastic action of the latter.
- the bar 24 has a width less than the distance separating the punctures 20 and 21 so that it can play freely between them.
- the reference 25 designates a male tab.
- the punctures 20, 21 constitute stops which limit the clearance of the bar 16 and prevent the insertion of male tongues having a thickness greater than that admitted.
Landscapes
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
- Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
Description
La présente invention vise un organe de contact électrique femelle.The present invention relates to a female electrical contact member.
L'invention se rapporte à un organe de contact électrique femelle comprenant, à une extrémité, des moyens pour sa fixation à un conducteur et, à l'autre extrémité, un conduit destiné à recevoir une languette mâle, dans le conduit étant formée une barrette élastique permettant de pincer la languette mâle.The invention relates to a female electrical contact member comprising, at one end, means for its attachment to a conductor and, at the other end, a conduit intended to receive a male tab, in the conduit being formed a strip elastic to pinch the male tab.
On connaît des organes de contact électrique présentant, à une extrémité, des moyens pour la fixation d'un conducteur électrique, tandis que l'autre extrémité est conformée pour présenter un conduit à section rectangulaire destiné à recevoir une languette mâle.There are known electrical contact members having, at one end, means for fixing an electrical conductor, while the other end is shaped to present a rectangular section conduit intended to receive a male tab.
Afin d'augmenter le serrage de la languette mâle dans le conduit, on a prévu de prolonger l'une des parois et de la replier dans le conduit pour former une barrette élastique.In order to increase the tightening of the male tab in the conduit, provision has been made to extend one of the walls and to fold it back into the conduit to form an elastic bar.
Comme très souvent ces organes de contact électrique ont des petites dimensions et comme la matière dans laquelle ils sont découpées est mince, on a prévu de découper dans le corps de l'organe un barreau qui, en coopérant avec la barrette élastique, augmente l'action élastique de celle-ci.As very often these electrical contact members have small dimensions and as the material from which they are cut is thin, provision has been made to cut from the body of the member a bar which, by cooperating with the elastic bar, increases the elastic action thereof.
Les brevets EP-A-0 147 076 et US-A-4 699 444 montrent une telle réalisation.Patents EP-A-0 147 076 and US-A-4 699 444 show such an embodiment.
Les réalisations décrites dans ces brevets présentent l'inconvénient que si la languette mâle n'est pas présentée correctement ou s'il est utilisé une languette ayant une épaisseur trop importante, d'une part, la barrette élastique est forcée et ne remplit plus son office et, d'autre part, le barreau est affaissé et, par conséquent, il devient sans utilité.The embodiments described in these patents have the disadvantage that if the male tongue is not presented correctly or if a tongue having too great a thickness is used, on the one hand, the elastic bar is forced and no longer fills its office and, on the other hand, the bar is collapsed and, therefore, it becomes useless.
L'un des buts de la présente invention est de remédier à cet inconvénient.One of the aims of the present invention is to remedy this drawback.
L'organe, selon l'invention est du type réalisé à partir d'une bande de matière bonne conductrice de l'électricité et douée d'une certaine élasticité, découpée et pliée pour présenter, à une extrémité, des pattes pour le sertissage d'un conducteur électrique et, à l'autre extrémité, un conduit à section rectangulaire présentant une paroi de plancher, deux parois latérales et une paroi de plafond, la paroi de plancher étant prolongée et pliée vers l'intérieur du conduit pour former une barrette élastique de manière qu'une languette mâle, introduite dans le conduit, soit pincée entre ladite barrette et la paroi de plafond, la paroi de plancher comportant, découpé, un barreau qui est plié pour s'étendre sous la barrette élastique et coopérer avec cette dernière, ledit organe étant caractérisé en ce que le barreau est découpé du côté des pattes et est plié pour s'étendre en direction de l'extrémité du conduit destiné à recevoir la languette mâle, les parois latérales comportant des crevés qui forment, vers l'intérieur, des butées limitant le débattement de la barrette élastique, le barreau présentant une largeur inférieure à l'intervalle séparant les crevés.The member according to the invention is of the type made from a strip of material which is good conductor of electricity and endowed with a certain elasticity, cut and folded to present, at one end, tabs for crimping d '' an electrical conductor and, at the other end, a rectangular section duct having a floor wall, two side walls and a ceiling wall, the floor wall being extended and folded towards the inside of the duct to form a strip elastic so that a male tongue, inserted into the duct, is pinched between said bar and the ceiling wall, the floor wall comprising, cut out, a bar which is folded to extend under the elastic bar and cooperate with this last, said member being characterized in that the bar is cut on the side of the legs and is folded to extend in the direction of the end of the conduit intended to receive the tongue. e male, the side walls comprising punctures which form, towards the inside, stops limiting the movement of the elastic bar, the bar having a width less than the interval separating the punctures.
Grâce à une telle disposition, le barreau étant plié en épingle à cheveux, son action élastique est renforcée et comme les crevés limitent le débattement de la barrette, on évite que celle-ci puisse être forcée et, par conséquent, on évite un affaissement du barreau.Thanks to such an arrangement, the bar being folded in a hairpin, its elastic action is reinforced and as the punctures limit the movement of the bar, it is avoided that it can be forced and, consequently, a collapse of the bar is avoided. bar.
Suivant un détail constructif, la barrette élastique est pourvue d'ailes latérales destinées à porter contre les crevés.According to a constructive detail, the elastic bar is provided with lateral wings intended to bear against punctures.
L'invention va maintenant être décrite avec plus de détails en se référant à un mode de réalisation particulier donné à titre d'exemple seulement et représenté aux dessins annexés, dans lesquels :The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to a particular embodiment given by way of example only and shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un organe de contact électrique femelle, selon l'invention.Figure 1 is a perspective view of a female electrical contact member according to the invention.
Figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale.Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view.
Figure 3 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne 3-3 de la figure 2.Figure 3 is a sectional view along line 3-3 of Figure 2.
Figure 4 est une vue en coupe suivant la ligne 4-4 de la figure 2.Figure 4 is a sectional view along line 4-4 of Figure 2.
L'organe représenté aux figures est réalisé à partir d'une bande métallique bonne conductrice de l'électricité convenablement découpée et pliée pour présenter un corps 1 avec, à une extrémité, un conduit 2 et, à l'autre extrémité, des pattes 3 pour le sertissage d'un conducteur électrique logé dans une gaine isolante et des pattes 4 pour le sertissage d'une extrémité dénudée dudit conducteur.The member shown in the figures is produced from a metal strip which is a good conductor of electricity, suitably cut and folded to present a
Le conduit 2 est formé par une paroi de plancher 6, deux parois latérales 7 et 8 et une paroi de plafond 9 réalisée par les extrémités libres 10 et 11 des parois latérales 7 et 8 respectivement qui sont pliées pour s'étendre l'une en regard de l'autre, lesdites extrémités libres étant embouties pour former une saillie interne 14 dans le conduit 2.The
La paroi de plancher 6 est prolongée du côté opposé aux pattes de sertissages 3 et 4, le prolongement étant replié à l'intérieur du conduit 2 pour former une barrette élastique de contact électrique 16 présentant, au voisinage de son extrémité libre et tournée du côté de la saillie 14, une bosse 17.The
La barrette 16 est pourvue, latéralement, d'ailes 18 et 19 tandis que dans la paroi 7 est réalisé un crevé 20 au niveau de l'aile 18 et, au niveau de l'aile 19, dans la paroi latérale 8, un crevé 21.The
Les crevés 20 et 21 sont formés à un niveau tel qu'ils s'opposent à l'engagement dans le conduit 2 d'une languette mâle dont l'épaisseur dépasse un seuil déterminé.The
Dans le plancher 6 est découpé un barreau 24 qui est plié pour s'étendre en direction de l'extrémité libre du conduit 2 afin de coopérer avec la barrette 16 et de renforcer l'action élastique de cette dernière.In the
La barreau 24 a une largeur inférieure à la distance séparant les crevés 20 et 21 de manière qu'il puise jouer librement entre ceux-ci. La référence 25 désigne une languette mâle.The
Lorsqu'on introduit la languette mâle 25 dans le conduit 2 celle-ci se trouve pincée entre la bosse 17 et la saillie 14. Lors de l'engagement de la languette dans le conduit 2, la barrette est abaissée élastiquement et bute contre le barreau 24 qui renforce l'action élastique.When the
Les crevés 20, 21 constituent des butées qui limitent le débattement de la barrette 16 et évitent que l'on puisse introduire des languettes mâles ayant une épaisseur supérieure à celle admise.The
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit et représenté. On pourra y apporter de nombreuses modifications de détail sans sortir pour cela du cadre de l'invention, tel que défini par les revendications.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described and shown. Many modifications of detail can be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention, as defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
- A female electrical contact member of the type made from a strip of material which is a good conductor of electricity and endowed with a certain elasticity, cut and bent to have, at one end, lugs (3, 4) for crimping an electric wire and, at the other end, a duct (2) with a rectangular section having a bottom wall (6), two lateral walls (7 and 8) and a top wall (9), the bottom wall (6) being extended and bent towards the interior of the duct (2) to form an elastic strip (16) so that a male blade (25) introduced into the duct (2) is squeezed between the said strip (16) and the top wall (9), the bottom wall (6) comprising a cut bar (24) which is bent to extend beneath the elastic strip (16) and to cooperate with the latter, characterised in that the bar (24) is cut on the side of the lugs (3, 4) and is bent to extend towards the end of the duct (2) intended to receive the male blade (25), the lateral walls (7 and 8) comprising slashes (20, 21) which form, towards the inside, stops limiting the spring movement of the elastic strip, the bar (24) having a width less than the gap separating the slashes.
- A female electrical contact member according to Claim 1, characterised in that the elastic strip (16) is provided with lateral fins (18, 19) intended to bear against the slashes (20, 21).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9312749A FR2711853B1 (en) | 1993-10-26 | 1993-10-26 | Female electrical contact member. |
FR9312749 | 1993-10-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0650223A1 EP0650223A1 (en) | 1995-04-26 |
EP0650223B1 true EP0650223B1 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
Family
ID=9452215
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94402381A Expired - Lifetime EP0650223B1 (en) | 1993-10-26 | 1994-10-21 | Female electrical contact terminal |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5443592A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0650223B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69400293T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2091673T3 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2711853B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (47)
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JP2596913Y2 (en) * | 1993-12-24 | 1999-06-28 | 日本エー・エム・ピー株式会社 | Female terminal |
JP3119418B2 (en) * | 1994-04-20 | 2000-12-18 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Terminal for waterproof connector |
FR2719706B1 (en) * | 1994-05-03 | 1996-05-31 | Cinch Connecteurs Sa | Hermaphroditic electrical contact member. |
GB9411287D0 (en) * | 1994-06-06 | 1994-07-27 | Amp Gmbh | High current receptacle terminal |
JP3533536B2 (en) * | 1994-07-11 | 2004-05-31 | 住友電装株式会社 | Female terminal fitting |
US5630738A (en) * | 1994-07-21 | 1997-05-20 | Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. | Female terminal, metal fixture |
FR2730864B3 (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1997-04-30 | Amp France | ONE-PIECE ELECTRIC FEMALE TERMINAL |
US5791945A (en) * | 1995-04-13 | 1998-08-11 | The Whitaker Corporation | High force contact |
US5980336A (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1999-11-09 | Lear Automotive Dearborn, Inc. | Electrical terminal |
JP2850799B2 (en) * | 1995-06-16 | 1999-01-27 | 住友電装株式会社 | Terminal fitting and joint connector using the same |
US5871373A (en) * | 1996-02-23 | 1999-02-16 | Labinal Components And Systems, Inc. | Electrical connector |
US5897405A (en) * | 1997-05-29 | 1999-04-27 | Endo; Hiroshi | Electrical socket contact |
JP3529026B2 (en) * | 1998-04-15 | 2004-05-24 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Female terminal |
JP3544133B2 (en) * | 1999-01-20 | 2004-07-21 | 住友電装株式会社 | Female terminal fitting |
JP3646778B2 (en) * | 1999-06-17 | 2005-05-11 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Terminal bracket |
JP3473521B2 (en) * | 1999-10-08 | 2003-12-08 | 住友電装株式会社 | Female terminal fitting |
JP2001266989A (en) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-09-28 | Tyco Electronics Amp Kk | Electric contact |
US6244910B1 (en) * | 2000-05-04 | 2001-06-12 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electrical box contact with stress limitation |
JP2002063961A (en) * | 2000-06-07 | 2002-02-28 | Yazaki Corp | Female terminal, and connecting structure of female terminal with male terminal |
US6428366B1 (en) | 2000-11-03 | 2002-08-06 | Molex Incorporated | Electrical terminal socket and method of fabricating same |
JP2002184479A (en) * | 2000-12-18 | 2002-06-28 | Jst Mfg Co Ltd | Female crimp-type terminal |
JP3576488B2 (en) | 2000-12-18 | 2004-10-13 | 日本圧着端子製造株式会社 | Female terminal |
JP3656547B2 (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2005-06-08 | 住友電装株式会社 | Terminal bracket |
JP3767506B2 (en) * | 2002-04-03 | 2006-04-19 | 住友電装株式会社 | Female terminal fitting |
JP2003338334A (en) * | 2002-05-20 | 2003-11-28 | Yazaki Corp | Female terminal, connecting structure thereof and wiring harness |
JP2006216321A (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-17 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Terminal fitting |
US20060292937A1 (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2006-12-28 | Morello John R | Electrical connector having dual contact function spring contact terminal |
US7387550B2 (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2008-06-17 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Dual beam receptacle contact |
JP2007141509A (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2007-06-07 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Terminal fitting |
JP2007149504A (en) * | 2005-11-28 | 2007-06-14 | Yazaki Corp | Female terminal and connector |
US7264518B2 (en) * | 2005-12-12 | 2007-09-04 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Electrical contact including integral stop member |
JP4749919B2 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2011-08-17 | 日本圧着端子製造株式会社 | Spring loaded female terminal |
US7419410B2 (en) * | 2007-02-02 | 2008-09-02 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Sealed orientation feature for a terminal |
JP5041904B2 (en) * | 2007-08-03 | 2012-10-03 | Smk株式会社 | Connector and connector terminal structure |
DE102008017043B3 (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-09-03 | Lear Corp., Southfield | Electrical bushing contact producing method for receiving plug contact for electrical connection in motor vehicle environment, involves folding contact arm such that arm forms elastic spring, which contacts plug contact |
JP5375564B2 (en) | 2009-12-02 | 2013-12-25 | 住友電装株式会社 | Terminal fitting |
US8333622B2 (en) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-12-18 | Delphi Technologies, Inc. | Dual contact beam terminal |
DE102011005482A1 (en) * | 2011-03-14 | 2012-09-20 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Direct plug element with improved contacting |
JP2013239381A (en) * | 2012-05-16 | 2013-11-28 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Terminal metal fitting |
JP2014160545A (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2014-09-04 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Female terminal metal fitting |
JP2014170709A (en) * | 2013-03-05 | 2014-09-18 | Sumitomo Wiring Syst Ltd | Female terminal fitting |
WO2015115093A1 (en) * | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Connector and connector device |
ITUA20163625A1 (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-11-20 | Inarca Spa | FEMALE TERMINAL STRUCTURE FOR ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS |
EP3451467B1 (en) * | 2017-09-01 | 2022-02-23 | Tyco Electronics France SAS | Electric contact of sheet metal having a plastically elongated latching tongue and/or limit stop and a method for producing the same |
JP2019057423A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-04-11 | 日本航空電子工業株式会社 | Female terminal and connector |
JP7059920B2 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2022-04-26 | 住友電装株式会社 | Female terminal |
JP7032462B2 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2022-03-08 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Connecting terminal |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3231484A1 (en) * | 1981-09-04 | 1983-03-17 | Labinal | Electrical contact element for producing an electrical contact with a flattened contact device |
US4560231A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1985-12-24 | Elco International K.K. | Electrical connector |
JPS60110930U (en) * | 1983-12-27 | 1985-07-27 | アムプ インコ−ポレ−テツド | female electrical contact |
JPS61237375A (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-22 | アンプ インコ−ポレ−テツド | Receptacle terminal |
JPS6416074U (en) * | 1987-07-21 | 1989-01-26 | ||
FR2627020B1 (en) * | 1988-02-08 | 1994-05-27 | Amp France | ELECTRICAL CONTACT FOR RECEIVING A COMPLEMENTARY CONNECTION LEG |
JPH0429508Y2 (en) * | 1988-12-05 | 1992-07-16 | ||
JPH0633659Y2 (en) * | 1990-02-21 | 1994-08-31 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | Female terminal fitting |
US5271741A (en) * | 1990-02-21 | 1993-12-21 | Yazaki Corporation | Female socket contact |
JPH0494275U (en) * | 1991-01-11 | 1992-08-17 | ||
US5281175A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-01-25 | General Motors Corporation | Female electrical terminal |
-
1993
- 1993-10-26 FR FR9312749A patent/FR2711853B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-10-04 US US08/317,866 patent/US5443592A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-21 DE DE69400293T patent/DE69400293T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-10-21 ES ES94402381T patent/ES2091673T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-21 EP EP94402381A patent/EP0650223B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0650223A1 (en) | 1995-04-26 |
FR2711853B1 (en) | 1995-12-01 |
ES2091673T3 (en) | 1996-11-01 |
US5443592A (en) | 1995-08-22 |
DE69400293T2 (en) | 1996-11-21 |
FR2711853A1 (en) | 1995-05-05 |
DE69400293D1 (en) | 1996-08-14 |
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