EP0648401A4 - Apparatus and methods for automatic control and monitoring of the operation of consumer electronic products. - Google Patents

Apparatus and methods for automatic control and monitoring of the operation of consumer electronic products.

Info

Publication number
EP0648401A4
EP0648401A4 EP93911277A EP93911277A EP0648401A4 EP 0648401 A4 EP0648401 A4 EP 0648401A4 EP 93911277 A EP93911277 A EP 93911277A EP 93911277 A EP93911277 A EP 93911277A EP 0648401 A4 EP0648401 A4 EP 0648401A4
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
information
memory
user
die
items
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93911277A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
EP0648401A1 (en
Inventor
Roy J. Mankovitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0648401A1 publication Critical patent/EP0648401A1/en
Publication of EP0648401A4 publication Critical patent/EP0648401A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/78—Television signal recording using magnetic recording
    • H04N5/782—Television signal recording using magnetic recording on tape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits
    • H04B1/20—Circuits for coupling gramophone pick-up, recorder output, or microphone to receiver
    • H04B1/205—Circuits for coupling gramophone pick-up, recorder output, or microphone to receiver with control bus for exchanging commands between units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/765—Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76—Television signal recording
    • H04N5/91—Television signal processing therefor
    • H04N5/92—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback
    • H04N5/9201—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving the multiplexing of an additional signal and the video signal
    • H04N5/9206—Transformation of the television signal for recording, e.g. modulation, frequency changing; Inverse transformation for playback involving the multiplexing of an additional signal and the video signal the additional signal being a character code signal

Definitions

  • This invention relates to systems for controlling consumer electric products, and more particularly, for the automatic control and monitoring of the operation of consumer electronic products.
  • Consumer electronics presently provide a myriad of devices such as televisions, video cassette recorders, stereo systems, compact disk players, radios and laser disk players. Each device has its own remote controller for operating the device at a distance spaced from the device! Each remote controller may have its own unique command instructions. Many of these devices are programmable to select the channel, day, length and time of recording of the VCR, or selecting the order of tracks of music from multiple compact discs in the CD player. The average consumer does not utilize the full programming capability of these devices because of the complexity of each device, the uniqueness of the programming steps and infrequent use by the consumer. Thus, the average consumer pays for device complexity that he or she does not use.
  • the consumer pays more for the electronics because the consumer is buying several remote controllers. Moreover, when the batteries of the remote controllers are fully discharged, the consumer must discard the spent batteries. Thus, the increased battery usage (because of the higher number of remote controllers) is not environmentally desirable.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET al. teaches a multi-commander that stores preprogrammed codes for electronic devices such as videotape recorders, televisions and the like for different manufacturers.
  • the individual user places the multi-commander into a learning mode and activates the individual remote controllers for the electronic devices.
  • the multi-commander receives and stores the transmitted coded signal.
  • the multi-commander identifies the resulting remote controller signal by comparing the received signal to the stored codes of the manufacturers, and stores the signal format from memory into a second memory.
  • the multi-commander After the multi-commander is programmed, the multi-commander is switched into a remote control mode so that when the user activates a command on the multi-commander, the multi-commander reads from the second memory and supplies the corresponding remote control signal to one of the selected electronic devices.
  • the Amano remotecommanderdoes not solve the problem of programming the myriad of electronic devices.
  • One method for reducing the complexity of programming these devices is to provide some sort of coding scheme. For example, PCT Application WO 90/07844 to Yuen, et al., published July 12, 1990, teaches encoding the channel, date, time and length information of broadcast television signals into a single number. This number is provided on television program listings.
  • a viewer of television or a listener of radio must receive a television programming list in either a magazine format such as TV Guide or from daily or weekly listings in the newspaper. The user must then read through several pages of listings to locate and determine programs that the viewer intends to view or record. If he decides the record the program, he must either program the VCR directly with the problems described above or must enter the encoded numbers into a remote controller as described in Yuen et al. above. On the other hand, if he decides he wants to view the program in real-time, he must remember the day and time that the program is on, then turn his television set at the appropriate time. At the end of the week, the user must discard the television programming listing. With tens of millions of households with televisions sets, over one hundred million listings must be discarded each year. This method presents an enormous environmental problem.
  • Each broadcast program contains over-the-air identification and category coding.
  • the system monitors these broadcast signals and when a match between the program or the category codes occurs, a central processing unit (CPU) stores the program schedule information into memory.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • the user can periodically view the selected programs to confirm or delete the recording of these programs, or in the absence of user review of selected programs, the system will automatically record the selected program.
  • This system requires a large memory in the television which consumes large amounts of power and is costly.
  • a user must either have a dedicated telephone line for receiving the listing information or have a period of time selected during which he or she is not likely to receive a telephone call.
  • the center of the listing information must have several telephone lines in order to simultaneously send this information to users throughout the United States.
  • VBI vertical blanking interval
  • VBI The broadcast line
  • a VCR By scanning the VBI interval, a VCR can detect a match with a preselected program identification or subject matter and record the broadcast program.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET requires that all channels be scanned that may broadcast the desired program.
  • a universal or reconfigurable remote control transmitter is incorporated within the television receiver. When the TV remote control sends a channel command to the TV, it is received by the universal remote controller which converts the signal into infrared signal encoded for the control signals of the cable box.
  • the controller 28 reads a corresponding remote signal from a memory and transmits that signal to a corresponding electronic device.
  • a controller box receives commands from a dedicated controller that is configured to a first protocol that is unique for the controller box. Upon receiving the command, the controller interprets the command and converts it into a command that is understandable by an electronic device such as a TV. The controller 28 sends the infrared signal in the second protocol to control the TV. The selected command is recorded in a RAM memory.
  • the receiver Upon detecting the transmitted signal, the receiver broadcasts a jamming signal to interfere with the signal broadcast from the remote controller so as to preclude any television from identifying and acting upon the transmitted signal.
  • the receiver analyzes the received signal and determines the channel to which the TV is to be switched.
  • the receiver broadcasts the signal to the TV, thereby changing the channel of the TV.
  • the receiver also records this channel selection in memory.
  • the system does not know how many times a command signal is sent to the TV, and particular remote control commands are typically sent out more than once to overcome problems of the TV not receiving a signal due to noise or other factors.
  • each manufacturer has a different system for commanding the TV. Therefore, the receiver employs a variety of methods for blocking interfering signals, including leaving a continuous jamming signal on and overriding it by sending out its own signal with a higher intensity than the jamming signal. Advertising rates for commercials of television programs are determined by the
  • the present systems for estimating market share involve survey evidence such as the Nielsen ratings. Previous market data was taken by selecting households to record their viewing habits. For example, a selected household might record in a written journal or diary when they turn on and turn off the television, what channels are selected and the number of viewers in the room.
  • This data may alternatively be collected by providing the user with an electronic device where he pushes the button that indicates turning on or off the television and the channel selected.
  • Other systems are connected directly to the television that will monitor power on and off and the channel and time of the selected programs. The system is wired to a dedicated telephone line. When instructed, the electronics dump their memory over the phone line to a central computer for analysis.
  • Each of these systems requires selecting individual households that represent an adequate sample of the general viewing audience and requires physically setting up the monitoring apparatus. These systems are inaccurate because the sample size is small, diary entries may be erroneous, or require viewer action.
  • a listener of radio may hear a song that he likes, but does not know the title or artist, and decides he wants to buy it. However, frequently the announcer of the radio station does not state the title or artist of the song, or if he does, it was before the song played. The listener must wait until he hears the song again and hope that the title and artist are announced after the song.
  • a viewer of television may be scanning through different channels and start watching a program that is already in progress. After a few minutes, the viewer may decide he wants to view the show the next time it is on, because he wants to see it in its entirety or he may be watching something else. The viewer must physically search through the current and subsequent TV program listings until he finds the next showing of the program. This is time consuming and if several months pass, he may forget the name of the show.
  • a controller displays information on a television screen to enable a user to control consumer electronic equipment in an interactive fashion. Also, the controller records the selections of information that are user generated and provides that information to others to monitor the information-selection habits of the user.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET Upon selection of an identification command by a user, the controller records the date, time and radio station or TV channel of the selected song or program. The controller searches a corresponding program listing for the song or program, and alerts the user of the name of the artist and song title when a radio program listing disk is inserted into the controller, or the next occurrence of the TV broadcast when a TV program listing disk is inserted into the controller.
  • the controller monitors command signals from either a controller remote transmitter or individual remote transmitters.
  • the command signals from the controller remote transmitter are converted into a second protocol corresponding to the protocol of the commanded electronic device. However, some command signals are ignored where access to the electronic device has been previously limited by a prior user.
  • the time and date of the command are recorded.
  • commands from the individual remote transmitters are in general only monitored because the electronic device responds directly to the command.
  • the controller transmits an overriding command to the electronic device because the controller is not able to know the state of the electronic device after it receives these commands.
  • the overriding command puts the electronic device into a state that is known by the controller.
  • the monitored data is stored in a memory, preferably a floppy disk. Periodically the disk is provided to an information provider. The data is analyzed and user-selection habits are determined.
  • the floppy disk contains the program listings for television or radio programs, telephone directories or newspaper classified advertisements.
  • the user is sent printed material which contains information and the floppy disk which contains information corresponding to the information in the printed material.
  • the controller reads the disk and allows the user to select television programs to view or watch or do home shopping.
  • FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram illustrating an interactive electronic control system including a controller and embodying the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the controller for the interactive electronic control system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the controller remote transmitter for the interactive electronic control system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a television program listing with an enclosed postage paid envelope accommodating a floppy disk used with the controller of FIG. 2;
  • FIG 4a is an expanded view showing the details of the television program listing shown in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 5 is an isometric view showing details of the postage paid envelope and disk included with the television program listing of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the setup operation of the interactive electronic control system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 shows the Setup Menu displayed in the setup mode of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 shows the Equipment Menu displayed upon selecting equipment in the Setup
  • FIG. 9 shows the Channel Assignments Menu displayed upon its selection in the Setup Menu of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 10 shows the cable channels menu displayed upon its selection in the Channel Assignments Menu of FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 shows the Channel-Skipping Program Menu displayed upon its selection in the Channel Assignments Menu of FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 12 shows the User I.D. Menu displayed upon its selection in the Setup Menu of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the operation of the main program mode of operation of the controller of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 14 shows the Main Menu displayed upon its selection in the flow chart of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the TV /VCR program selection portion of the main program of FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 16 shows the TV/VCR Menu displayed upon its selection in the Main Menu of FIG. 14;
  • FIG. 16A shows the organization of the TV/VCR program listing disk
  • FIG. 17 shows the Calendar-by-Date Menu displayed upon its selection in the TV/VCR menu of FIG. 16;
  • FIG. 18 shows the Record/View Menu displayed upon its selection in the flow chart of FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 19 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the extra subroutine program upon its selection from the program selection flow chart in FIG. 15;
  • FIG.20 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the parental control monitoring program for selections in the program selection flow chart shown in FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 21 shows the Selection Review Menu displayed upon its selection in the flow chart of FIG. 15;
  • FIG. 22 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the compact disk(CD) program setup upon its selection in the flow chart of FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 23 shows the CD Menu displayed upon its selection in the flow chart of FIG. 22;
  • FIG.24 shows the CD Programming Library Menu displayed upon its selection in the CD Menu of FIG. 23;
  • FIG. 25 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the radio setup upon its selection in the flow chart of FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 26 shows the Radio Menu displayed upon its selection in the radio setup flow chart of Fig. 25;
  • FIG. 27 shows the music I.D. information displayed upon its selection in the Radio Menu of FIG. 26;
  • FIG. 28 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the telephone directory/newspaper program selected in FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 29 shows the Telephone Directory Menu displayed upon its selection in the telephone directory/newspaper program flow chart of FIG. 28;
  • FIG. 30 shows the Restaurant Menu displayed upon its selection in the Telephone
  • FIG. 31 shows the Newspaper Classified Menu displayed upon its selection in the flow chart of FIG. 28;
  • FIG. 31A shows the organization of the telephone directory /newspaper listing disk
  • FIG. 32 shows the Automobiles Menu displayed upon its selection in the Newspaper
  • FIG. 33 is a flow chart showing the steps of the Home Shopping Program employed upon its selection in the Main Program shown in FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 34 shows the Home Shopping Menu displayed upon its selection in the Home Shopping Program menu of FIG. 33;
  • FIG. 35 shows the Appliances Menu displayed upon its selection in the Home Shopping Menu of FIG. 34;
  • FIG. 36 is a flow chart showing steps employed in a movie reservations program upon its selection in the Main Program shown in FIG. 13;
  • FIG. 37 shows the Movies Reservation Menu displayed upon its selection in the movies reservation flow chart of FIG. 36;
  • FIG. 38 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the analysis of signals detected from the controller remote transmitter shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 39 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the on/off, channel up/down, VCR play, and VCR stop commands processing sub-routine shown in FIG. 38;
  • FIG. 40 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the channel change subroutine shown in FIG. 39;
  • FIG. 41 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the analysis of signals detected from the individual audio/visual electronic equipment remote transmitters as shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 42 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the event time comparison program for the invention of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 43 is a schematic showing details of the power line routing and monitoring circuits employed in the system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 44 is a flow chart showing an alternate embodiment for detecting TV power on/off;
  • FIG. 45 is a block diagram of another alternate embodiment for detecting TV power on/off and TV channel numbers
  • FIG. 46 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the clock setting program for the clock selection of the Setup Menu of FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 47 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the audience response data collection program for the invention in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a system using an interactive electronic control system and embodying the invention.
  • a consumer electronics system 10 has a myriad of electronic devices including a television (TV) 12, a videocassette recorder (VCR) or videotape recorder 14, and a cable box 16.
  • the cable box 16 is connected by a cable line 18 to a cable television terminal (not shown).
  • the cable box 16 converts video signals carried on the cable line 18 from one of several different video channels to a common unused channel, typically channel 3 or 4. The particular channel is not critical, and for the purposes of this discussion, channel 3 is used.
  • the cable box 16 may also include a satellite receiver system.
  • the cable box 16 may also decipher encrypted video signals that the cable or carrier operator encrypts to prevent unauthorized viewing.
  • the output from the cable box 16 is connected to the VCR 14 by a coax cable 20.
  • the VCR 14 either records the video signal onto video magnetic tape or passes it through unrecorded.
  • the TV output signal from the VCR 14 is connected to a controller 28 by a coax cable 22.
  • the output of the controller 28 is connected to the television 12 by a ⁇ oax cable 23.
  • VCR 14 and a cable box 16 are shown in the configuration of FIG. 1, the invention may be used without either device, or with just one of these devices. If a cable box 16 and cable system is not employed, the incoming video signals are provided from an antenna (not shown). A laser or other video disk player (not shown) may also be used in addition to or instead of the videocassette recorder.
  • the devices are shown as individual units, they may also be combined devices, for example, a television and VCR built as one unit.
  • the controller 28 may also be combined with another electronic device, such as the television 12, into one unit.
  • the controller 28 may be connected in a similar manner in the coax cable 20 between the output of the cable box 16 and the input of the VCR 14, or between the antenna/cable input to the system and the input to the cable box 16.
  • These embodiments allow the user to record the title of a program and the program onto the video tape by using a combined text/video mode as will be discussed below in connection with FIG. 2.
  • This embodiment also allows the controller 28 to display text on the television 12 after a VCR 14 play mode. This feature will be discussed below in connection with FIG. 39.
  • the controller 28 receives the outputs from the antenna/cable, the cable box 16 and the VCR 14, and has an output to each of these video devices.
  • the configuration of the controller 28 between the VCR 14 and the TV 12 is described.
  • the consumer electronic system 10 also has a stereo receiver 24 and a compact disk(CD) player 26.
  • the stereo receiver 24 preferably includes an FM and AM tuner and an amplifier for driving speakers (not shown). While the following description of the invention shows its operation in connection with FM radio only, this is for the purpose of example only. The invention is equally well adapted for use with other receivers operating at other frequencies.
  • the interconnections between the stereo receiver 24 and the CD player 26 are well known and are not shown.
  • each consumer electronic devices has its power input connected to the controller 28. This power interconnection is discussed below in connection with FIG.
  • the controller 28 is plugged into a conventional wall AC power socket.
  • the controller 28 may have an internal battery for maintaining memory and a clock, as will be discussed below.
  • each electronic device is remote controlled, preferably by infrared energy.
  • the television 12, VCR 14, cable box 16, stereo receiver 24 and CD player 26 each have an infrared (IR) detector 30 that receives infrared signals from corresponding remote IR transmitters and converts them into electrical signals by means well known to those skilled in the art.
  • IR infrared
  • a television remote transmitter 32 has an IR emitter 34 for sending IR signals to the television 12.
  • buttons or keys (not shown) on the TV remote transmitter 32, the user may select different control operations that are converted to infrared signals and transmitted to the TV 12 through the IR emitter/detector communications interface.
  • the television control may be channel-select-by-random-access where the number of the channel desired is inputted into the TV remote transmitter 32, converted to IR and sent to the television 12. These control operations are described below.
  • a stereo remote transmitter 36 controls the operation of the stereo receiver 24; a VCR remote transmitter 38 controls the operation of the VCR 14; a CD remote transmitter 40 controls the operation of the CD player 36; and a cable box remote transmitter 42 controls the operation of the cable box 16.
  • Each of these remote transmitters 36, 38, 40, 42 has an IR emitter 34 for sending signals to the IR detector 30 on the corresponding electronic device.
  • the controller 28 has an IR emitter 34 on each corner of the housing of the controller 28.
  • the IR emitters 34 may be placed in different locations on the housing so that when the controller 28 is placed in various locations in the room, the emissions from the IR emitters 34 radiate energy over a broad area.
  • the controller 28 also has a wide angle
  • the controller 28 may have several IR detectors 44 depending on the desired detection coverage.
  • the controller 28 also has a microphone 46 and a speaker 47 on the front panel that is preferably unobstructed.
  • a controller remote transmitter 48 with an IR emitter 34 controls the operation of the controller 28 and will be discussed in further detail in the discussion of FIG. 3.
  • the controller 28 is placed in the general vicinity of the other components of the consumer electronics system 10.
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the controller 28 shown in FIG. 1.
  • a central processing unit (CPU) 49 controls the processing functions of the controller 28.
  • the CPU central processing unit
  • the CPU 49 is preferably a type 286 device manufactured by Intel Corporation, San Jose, California. Infrared signals received by the IR detector 44 are converted into electrical signals and sent to the CPU 49.
  • the CPU 49 is also bidirectionally connected to a memory system 50 which is comprised of a random access memory (RAM) 52, a nonvolatile RAM 54, and a read-only memory (ROM) 56.
  • the RAM 52 is comprised of conventional RAM chips and is typically
  • the nonvolatile RAM 54 is preferably EE PROM. Alternatively, it may be a battery backed-up portion of the RAM memory 52.
  • the ROM 56 stores the basic operating programs.
  • the memory system 50 may be comprised of other types of memory such as floppy disks, optical disks, magneto-optical disks or other magnetic disks.
  • the CPU 49 interfaces to a floppy disk drive 58 through an input/output (I/O) port 60 for read and write operation.
  • the disk drive 58 has both write and read capability.
  • the disk drive 58 may have only read capability.
  • the controller 28 is described as reading or writing data into the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on disk.
  • the data may be written or read from or to either memory.
  • the floppy drive 58 receives a floppy disk 62 comprising television program listings or other information, as will be described in detail below.
  • the floppy disk 62 is preferably a 3- l ⁇ inch, high density 1.44 megabyte disk. Effective memory size of the disk may be increased by using well known compression techniques.
  • a CPU interface 63 connects to the CPU 49 for bidirectional communication between the CPU 49 and an optional external device (not shown).
  • An additional disk drive with its own I/O card may be connected to the CPU interface 63 for increased memory. Alternatively, multiple disk drives may be used for increased memory capacity.
  • data recorded on the disk is encoded.
  • the encoding and decoding programs are stored in the ROM 56.
  • the CPU 49 decodes data from the disk for use and display.
  • the CPU 49 encodes viewer data recorded onto the disk or into the
  • a clock 64 interfaces with the CPU 49 and provides the system timing, as will also be discussed below.
  • the clock has its own battery backup (not shown) that allows the system to retain the time during power interruptions and outages.
  • the controller 28 may have a display (not shown) for displaying the time.
  • a text terminal 72 on the video switch and mixer 68 connects to a video modulator 74 which modulates the textual information from a character/graphics generator 76 onto a TV signal on channel 3.
  • the CPU 49 controls and provides the textual information to the character/graphics generator 76.
  • the textual information may be text or bit mapped graphics.
  • the word "text" is used herein to describe either characters or graphics.
  • the video switch and mixer 68 switches between three modes: a TV mode, a text mode, or a combined TV/text mode.
  • the TV mode the video switch and mixer 68 transmits the output from the VCR 14 to the TV 12. This mode is the normal operational mode of the controller 28 while the viewer is watching the television 12 or playing the VCR 14.
  • the text mode the video modulated text from the video modulator 74 is transmitted from the controller 28 to the TV 12.
  • the system has a cable box 16 whose output is on channel 3, and thus the input to the video switch and mixer 68 is on channel 3.
  • the text is modulated onto the channel 3 TV signal. In an alternate embodiment in which there is no cable box, the input signal is not on channel 3.
  • the video switch and mixer 68 has a down converter for converting the input signal to channel 3.
  • the text is modulated onto channel 3.
  • the video switch and mixer 68 has a broadband mixer so that the text is mixed onto the input signal and the output signal is on the same channel as the input signal. This mode is most commonly used during the setup of the controller 28, while running the information mode, or playing karaoke, or when the controller 28 requests information from the viewer. All these modes will be discussed in detail below.
  • the video switch and mixer 68 mixes both the text and the incoming
  • the controller 28 has a phone line terminal 76 for connecting to a conventional
  • the phone line terminal 76 connects to a dual tone multi-frequency (DTMF) generator 78, an optional modem 80, and an optional DTMF decoder 82.
  • the CPU 49 provides a control signal to the DTMF generator 78 for sending standard DTMF telephone tones which are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the CPU 49 also has a bidirectional interface to the modem 80 for sending and receiving conventional telephone signals.
  • the DTMF decoder 82 converts received DTMF tones from the phone line and sends them to an audio switch 84.
  • the microphone 46 also connects to the audio switch 84.
  • the CPU 49 selectively controls switching the audio switch 84 to connect either the microphone 46 or the DTMF decoder 82 to the CPU.
  • a power monitoring unit 85 monitors the power of the consumer electronics devices as will be described in FIG. 43.
  • the CPU 49 receives signals from the power monitoring unit 85 indicating which electronic devices are turned on.
  • the CPU 49 also sends signals to the power monitoring unit 85 for transmission to other electronic devices using well known AC line data modulating techniques which are discussed below in connection with FIG. 43.
  • a printer port 86 interfaces with the CPU 49 to provide an external interface to a printer (not shown) for making a hard copy of user-selected information.
  • the system architecture of the controller 28 in FIG. 2 shows the CPU 49 having multiple inputs and outputs to several functional units such as the I/O port 60, the memory system 50, the infrared emitters 34, the IR detector 44, and the character/graphics generator 76.
  • An alternate embodiment (not shown) using a common bus structure may be used.
  • the aforementioned functional units and the CPU each connect to a common bus.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the controller remote transmitter 48 for the interactive electronic control system shown in FIG. 1.
  • the face of the controller remote transmitter 48 has a plurality of control buttons or keys.
  • the terms button and key are used interchangeably throughout this description. The details of the operation of these buttons will be discussed below as part of the explanation of the features of the invention.
  • a set of telephone keys 88-1 through 88-12 provide a twelve-button key pad similar
  • the telephone keys 88-1 through 88-10 are the number keys 1 through 0, respectively.
  • the telephone key 88-11 is the star key.
  • the telephone key 88-12 is the pound sign key.
  • the letters of the alphabet are assigned to the telephone keys 88-2 through 88-9 as they are for a conventional telephone.
  • the letters ABC are assigned to the telephone key 88-2.
  • the letters Q and Z are assigned to the telephone keys 88-1 and 88-10 respectively.
  • Alphabet characters are entered by a double key entry which is well-known to those skilled in the art. Each character is represented by two numbers. For example, the telephone key 88-2 corresponds to the letters A, B, and C. However, pressing the key 88-2 once does not uniquely select one of the three letters. By pressing the “1 " key, telephone key 88-1, after pressing the key 88-2, the first character or "A” is entered. Similarly, if "B" is being selected, the user presses the telephone key 88-2 and then again presses the telephone key 88- 2 to select the second character "B.” Other characters are similarly entered. Alternatively, a standard qwerty keyboard such as used for typewriters or computers may be used.
  • a set of cursor keys 90-1 through 90-4 allow movement of the cursor on the television screen.
  • the key 90-1 is a left arrow for moving the cursor to the left.
  • the key 90-2 is an up arrow for moving the cursor upward.
  • the key 90-3 is a down arrow for moving the cursor downward.
  • the key 90-4 is a right arrow for moving the cursor to the right.
  • a mouse, joy stick or ball may be used to provide cursor movement.
  • the controller remote transmitter 48 also has a plurality of function buttons. One group of buttons is used for controlling menu selections.
  • a PAGE button 92 allows the viewer to move between pages of text on the television screen.
  • a SELECT button 94 allows the viewer to select television shows, listings of telephone directories or other menu selections, as will be discussed in detail below.
  • An INFO button 96 places the controller 28 in the text mode and also allows the viewer to select information about the selection.
  • a REVIEW button 98 allows the user to review selections that have previously been made.
  • the CANCEL button 100 allows the viewer to cancel selections that were previously made.
  • a RECORD button 102 allows the user to automatically select for automatic recording on the
  • VCR 14 selections that the user has made or, alternatively, a VIEW button 104 allows the user to set the system to automatically turn on the TV 12 and select channels at predetermined times in accordance with user selections.
  • An EXIT button 106 allows the viewer to exit from the menu that the user presently is viewing.
  • a second group of buttons are used for telephone control.
  • the DIAL button 108
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET allows the user to telephone a number entered on the controller remote transmitter 48 or to automatically dial a number corresponding to an item of information selected from the screen.
  • a HANG-UP button 110 allows the user to hang up after ending a telephone conversation or if the user changes his or her mind while dialing.
  • a Music ID button 112 allows the user to store information identifying a program at the time it is being heard or viewed, such as a song or other selection on the radio receiver 24 or a program on the TV 12 whereby information about the selection can be recalled at a later time.
  • An EXTRA button 114 allows the user to record a separate program that is referenced to a program listing for a program or commercial that the viewer has watched or plans on watching, as will be discussed in detail below.
  • a plurality of electronic device selection buttons are provided for selecting each individual device and switching a group of the control buttons into a state of controlling the said electronic device.
  • a TV button 116 controls the television 12
  • a VCR button 118 controls the VCR 14
  • a cable button 120 controls the cable box 16
  • a satellite button 122 controls a satellite control box (not shown)
  • a CD button 124 controls the CD player 26
  • a stereo receiver button 126 controls the stereo receiver 24, and
  • a OTHER button 128 controls a device that is to be determined by the user. Selecting one of the device buttons 116-128 changes the functions of a set of control buttons 130-1 through 130-28 to correspond to the functional controls of the device.
  • pressing the TV button 116 converts the control button 130-1 into a power on/off button for the TV 12.
  • pressing the VCR button 118 converts the control button 130-1 into a power on/off button for the VCR 14.
  • Pressing the TV button 116 also converts the control button 130-2 into a channel up button for the TV 12.
  • the terms entering or sending a command with the controller remote transmitter 48 means the corresponding key on the controller remote transmitter 48 has been pressed and the remote transmitter converts the command into an IR signal and transmits this signal. For example, pressing the EXIT
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET key 106 causes the controller remote transmitter 48 to send an IR signal corresponding to an EXIT command.
  • Commands from the controller remote transmitter 48 are displayed for verifying the selected command on the television 12 during the setup programming as operational modes that are described below.
  • the text of the commands is generated by the CPU 49 and displayed in the text mode during setup and programming modes, and in the combined TV/text mode during operation modes.
  • the controller remote transmitter 48 may have a display, such as a liquid crystal display, for displaying the selected commands.
  • FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a television program listing with an enclosed postage-paid envelope accommodating a floppy disk used with the controller 28.
  • FIG. 4a is an expanded view showing the details of the television program listing shown in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 5 is an isometric view showing details of the postage-paid envelope and the disk included with the television program listing of FIG. 4.
  • Printed material 150 such as a printed book or magazine, is a television program listing that is distributed either in a newspaper which may be delivered to the subscriber's door or purchased at a store, or a periodical, such as TV Guide, which may be purchased at the store or delivered by mail. It may also be a neighborhood telephone directory, a newspaper classified section or other publication such as a shopping catalog or magazine.
  • a postage-paid envelope or mailer 152 is attached using glue or other suitable means to one of the pages inside the printed material
  • the envelope 150 or alternatively the envelope is placed against a cover of the printed material and the two are jointly shrink-wrapped as is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the television program listing counting the date, time, channel code, and title for each television program being shown during the program listing time period.
  • the code is an encoded number indicating the date, time, channel and length of the program as will be discussed below.
  • the disk 62 which is preferably a V/i inch high density floppy disk capable of storing about 1.5 megabits of data, is placed inside the envelope 152.
  • the disk 62 contains encoded information that relates to information in the text of the printed material 150. Furthermore, the information on the disk 62 is stored in a form that can be indexed, sorted, selected and displayed, as will be discussed in detail below.
  • the disk 62 has an encoded set of identifiers that correspond to the date, subject matter, and producer of the disk. After the disk 62 is inserted into and read by the controller 28, the CPU 49 decodes the identifiers. If there is an improper match between the identifiers and the corresponding data, the controller 28 either alters or erases the data on the disk. As will be described in connection with FIGS. 6-47, the user is able to select the
  • These disks are used in conjunction with the controller 28 described above in connection with FIG. 2.
  • the controller 28 also makes a record of the user's selections on the disk 62 or in the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the user As the printed material 150 is updated, e.g., weekly, the user also receives with the printed update an updated disk 62.
  • the user removes the postage paid envelope 152 from the printed material 150, and, after a data transfer process described in detail in connection with FIG. 47, inserts the disk 62 inside the envelope.
  • a data collection service When the user has completed his use of the information on a disk, e.g., when the information has time expired, he then mails the disk 62 to a data collection service.
  • the data collection service reads and analyzes the data on the disk to determine the user's information selection history, such as TV viewing habits.
  • disk 62 is shown packaged with a program on other print material, it may also be sold and/or delivered to the user as a separate item.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the setup operation of the controller 28.
  • the user instructs the controller 28 about the consumer electronic system 10 and provides information about the user. It is assumed that the user has made the physical connections between the controller 28 and the consumer electronic devices as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the user turns on the television 12 and tunes it to channel 3 using either the controls on the television or the TV remote transmitter 32.
  • the CPU 49 reads the basic operating program from the ROM 56 and executes its start-up routine. If a prior setup mode has been installed in the controller 28, the
  • the CPU 49 goes to the main program discussed below for FIG. 13.
  • the CPU 49 switches the video switch and mixer 68 to the text mode, interrogates the disk drive 58 for a disk, and, if one is not found, generates a display requesting the user to insert a setup disk (not shown) into the floppy disk drive 58 and press the INFO key 96 on the controller remote transmitter 48 at step 162.
  • the CPU 49 proceeds as if the user wants to make changes in the setup mode.
  • the controller 28 reads and installs a main application program from the disk 62 into the RAM 52 at step 164.
  • the CPU 49 switches the video switch and mixer 68 to the text mode.
  • the controller 28 displays on the TV screen the Setup Menu 170 shown in FIG. 7. This menu provides a list of the parameters that the controller 28 needs for operating the consumer electronics system 10. The controller 28 is now ready to receive setup information.
  • the Setup Menu 170 requests the user to set the controller clock 64, teach the controller 28 what equipment the user has, instruct the controller 28 as to what cable system and channels the user has, and provide user identification.
  • the selection on the Setup Menu 170 that is being pointed to may be highlighted either in reversed video or in a background line of a different color than the screen background using the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the user moves through the menu either by using the cursor keys 90 or by directly entering a line number corresponding to the desired selection. For example, to set the system clock, the user either aligns the cursor to the clock line and presses the SELECT button 94 on the controller remote transmitter 48 or presses the number "1" and the SELECT key.
  • the IR signals transmitted by the controller remote transmitters 48 use an IR code protocol which is designed not to overlap any of the control codes for the other devices in the user's system. This unique-protocol enables the CPU 49 to determine whether the signals being received by the
  • IR detector 44 are from the controller remote transmitter 48 or from one of the individual remote transmitters.
  • the controller 28 Upon receipt of a command from the controller remote transmitter 48, the controller 28 determines what command is received. At step 172, the controller 28 determines whether the clock was selected. If it was, at step 174 the controller 28 requests the user to enter the date and time and press the EXIT key 106. Upon receipt of the EXIT command, the controller 28 sets the clock 64 to the entered date and time and returns to step 168, displays the Setup Menu 170, and waits for the next command.
  • the system determines whether the equipment has been selected at step 176. If it has, at step 178, the
  • CPU 49 displays the Equipment Menu 180 of FIG. 8, and the user is requested to select the category of equipment, such as TV, VCR, Cable Box, Satellite Receiver, CD player, or stereo, or exit.
  • the controller 28 In order for the controller 28 to monitor and control the equipment in the consumer electronics system 10, the controller must know what equipment needs to be controlled. The user provides the information to the controller 28.
  • the electronic devices may be equipped with IR emitters and identification codes. Upon receipt of an interrogation command from the controller 28, each device transmits its identification code to the controller.
  • the controller 28 determines whether an EXIT command has been entered. A user exits a menu by pressing the EXIT key 106 on the controller remote transmitter 48. An EXIT selection on a menu is not necessary to leave the menu. If the EXIT command has not been entered, at step 184, the controller 28 displays a request to the user to press two designated keys, such as the power-on and one other key, on the corresponding remote transmitter for the selected piece of equipment. The controller 28 also requests that the user press the RECORD key 102 on the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the user at step 178 selects VCR
  • the user presses the power-on and one other command, such as select channel 9 on the VCR remote transmitter 38, and presses the RECORD key 102 on the controller remote transmitter 48. All of these commands are received by the IR detector 44.
  • Stored on the setup disk 62 are sets of IR codes for a large number of manufacturers of consumer electronic equipment.
  • the CPU 49 searches the disk 62 for a code match of the recorded commands with the prerecorded IR code protocols of most commercial manufacturers.
  • the controller 28 displays an error message at step 190, returns to step 178, and displays the Equipment Menu 180. If a match is found at step 188, the controller 28 stores substantially the entire code set for that device in the nonvolatile RAM
  • step 192 the controller 28 highlights the selected category and flashes the highlighted line to indicate that the selection has been completed.
  • the selection steps starting at step 178 are repeated until the user has completed the equipment selections for all of the devices by pressing the EXIT key 106 at step 182 and returning the system to step 168.
  • the search of the disk for the code match is described in U.S. Patent 4,999,622 to
  • the user aims the remote controller of the individual device, for example the VCR remote, at a universal remote controller and is instructed to enter a power command and one other command which, in the case of the VCR for example, may be channel 9.
  • the controller 28 receives these IR signals through its IR detector and stores them.
  • the system searches its memory in which is stored the IR command protocols for hundreds of different manufacturers' equipment.
  • the universal remote controller can uniquely define a particular piece of equipment by manufacturer.
  • Other types of IR code learning systems may be employed, as disclosed in Amano, et al.
  • the controller 28 is now capable of monitoring and identifying which remote transmitter has transmitted an IR command.
  • the controller 28 may also replicate the control codes of each individual remote transmitter.
  • the controller 28 may now either replace the individual remote transmitters or may transmit an override command shortly after a command from the individual remote transmitter to thereby countermand this command.
  • the information that the user does not have a particular electronic device is recorded on the disk 62 that is returned to the data collection response center.
  • This information is provided to manufacturers of CD players who may place the user on their mailing list for product brochures.
  • the controller 28 again checks to determine which setup function is selected. If at step 176 equipment is not selected, the controller 28 determines whether channel assignment has been selected at step 196. If it has, at step 198 the controller 28 displays the Channel Assignments Menu 200 shown in FIG. 9. This menu has two selections: cable channels and channel skipping. At step 202, if cable channels has been selected, the controller 28 displays at step 204 the Cable Channel Menu 206 of FIG. 10. This menu lists cable companies that provide cable service to the user's geographical area. Each cable company allocates each TV station to a corresponding TV channel. For example, a cable company may put a station such as HBO on channel 7, whereas a second cable company may put HBO on channel 25.
  • the setup disk may have a prerecorded matrix of TV stations corresponding to the TV channel as assigned by each cable company serving particular geographic areas. Because cable companies tend to be regional this requires setup disks that are also regional. Alternatively, a separate disk that has the channel mapping information may be used.
  • the CPU 49 at step 208 searches the disk to find the corresponding channel map and stores this map in the nonvolatile RAM 54. After storing the map, the program returns to step 198 and displays the Channel Assignment Menu 200 at step 198. Alternatively, the viewer may sequentially step through each TV station and enter its associated channel number.
  • the controller 28 determines whether channel skipping was selected. If it was, at step 212 the controller 28 displays the Channel-Skipping Program Menu 214 shown in FIG. 11.
  • Many television remote transmitters 32 have, in addition to direct channel number commands, channel up/down commands that allow the viewer to sequentially step through pre-selected TV channels. This is useful when a viewer has a particular set of channels that are not normally viewed.
  • channels 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 may be the channels that are broadcast to a viewer. However, the viewer may desire to watch, for example, only channels 2, 3, 5 and 6 and never watch channel 4.
  • the viewer sequent ⁇ ally enters, by using the transmitter, the desired channel numbers, 2, 3, 5 and 6 into the memory of the TV 12.
  • Pressing the channel up button on the TV remote transmitter 32 commands the TV 12 to sequentially change channels according to the channel sequence in memory.
  • the TV 12 changes channels from channel 2, to channel 3, to channel 5, to channel 6, and back to channel 2.
  • Channel 4 is skipped because it is not in the channel shipping sequence.
  • the channel down button functions in a similar manner but in the reverse sequence.
  • TVs scan up or down in frequency as selected until they detect, using automatic gain control (AGC), signals that exceed a threshold. For example, if the TV 12 is initially on channel 2 upon receipt of a channel up command, the TV 12 scans channel 3 and compares the detected signal, if any, to a threshold. If the signal exceeds this threshold, the TV 12 stops scanning and displays channel 3. But if the signal on channel 3 is below the threshold, the TV 12 scans channel 4 and performs a similar comparison of the detected signal to the threshold. The TV 12 stops at channel 4 if the signal exceeds the threshold. Otherwise, the TV 12 scans channel 5 and keeps scanning to the next channel until the detected signal on that channel exceeds the threshold. Thus, the TV 12 may switch, for example, from channel 2 to channel 8.
  • AGC automatic gain control
  • Some TVs or VCRs do not have direct access channel selection. These devices only have sequential channel changing capability. Channel skipping is achieved by transmitting multiple channel change commands to step the channel to the next channel in the channel sequence.
  • the controller 28 it is desirable for the controller 28 to keep track of the channel to which the TV 12 and VCR 14 are tuned. With up/down commands, the controller 28 does not necessarily know what channel is selected. However, this problem is overcome if the controller 28 uses channel skipping to directly command the TV 12 to these preselected commands when the controller remote transmitter 48 is used. Otherwise, if the TV remote transmitter 32 is used, the controller 28 retransmits a new channel command to direct the TV 12, VCR 14, or cable box 16 to the next channel in the prerecorded sequence. In the previous examples, if the TV 12 receives an up command, it switches from command 2 to channel 8 because the signal on channels 3 through 7 are below the threshold. The controller
  • channel 3 is the next channel.
  • the controller 28 then sends a channel 3 command to the TV 12.
  • the viewer sees a momentary flicker on the TV screen from the switching of channels from channel 2 to channel 8 and then to channel 3.
  • the user enters these channels.
  • a listener with a stereo receiver 24 with a remote transmitter 36 may similarly select radio stations for playing.
  • the user may enter the channels in any desired sequence. As will be described below, at power turn on for the television 12, the controller 28 switches the TV channel to the first one in the sequence. The user may not want this channel to be the numerically lowest channel.
  • the VCR output signal is usually on channel 3 or 4.
  • the user provides that information to the system also.
  • a vacant channel that is unused by the cable company or local broadcasters is also provided the use of which will be explained below.
  • the list may also be stored on the disk 62 whereby the data collection service may determine channels skipping habits.
  • the Channel Assignments Menu is exited at step 215 upon detection of an EXIT command.
  • the program Upon an EXIT command, the program returns to step 168 and displays the Setup
  • the controller 28 determines whether user identification has been selected at step 216. If it has, at step 218, the controller
  • the 28 displays the User ID Menu 220 shown in FIG. 12.
  • the user has an option of entering a name, address, telephone number, credit card number, and a password. The details of this information will be discussed below. This information is stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the system detects whether a previous password flag has been set to prevent someone without a password from bypassing the password system by resetting the system and disk.
  • step 220 if the password flag has been set, the user is asked to enter the password at step 222. If an improper password is entered the controller 28 returns to step 168 and displays the
  • the controller 28 requests the user to input data using the keypad and press the EXIT key 106 upon completion of entry of data.
  • the system may cycle through a predetermined number of requests for the user-generated password to allow for miskeying of information.
  • the use of the password during the Setup Menu is done at user identification because the main address, phone number and credit card number are considered the most private of the information on the system and, as will be discussed below, may be used for ordering merchandise.
  • the password may be required before step 168 in order to gain access to the
  • the system may have unique user ID and passwords for
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET d ⁇ fferent users This allows individuals to use their own credit card and preclude others from using it.
  • the unique passwords allow television shows to be blocked for some viewers such as children under age 13 but allows others, such as children above age 13, to view the shows.
  • the user may change the password by entering the old password and entering the new password.
  • a verification of the new password is done to prevent changes due to miskeying of characters.
  • the controller 28 After storing the user ID information in the nonvolatile RAM 54, the controller 28 detects at step 226 whether the EXIT command for leaving the Setup Menu has been selected. If it has not been selected, the controller 28 returns to step 168, displays the Setup Menu 170, and waits for the next command. Otherwise, if the EXIT command has been selected, the controller 28 displays a "remove disk" command at step 228 and goes to the Main Menu program routine of FIG. 13.
  • the user ID information may also be stored on the disk 62 to provide demographic information to the data collection service.
  • the controller 28 and the consumer electronic system 10 are ready for use as discussed above.
  • a variety of application or data disks may be used and it is contemplated that new applications will be developed on a continuing basis.
  • One application may be for displaying television or radio schedules, as will be discussed in detail below. This involves controlling the cable box 16, the VCR 14, the television 12, and the stereo receiver 24.
  • Another type of disk is used for CD control, and another is supplied with telephone directories or newspaper advertising.
  • Other disks are used for home shopping.
  • the disks contain information and may be provided with printed material related to and supplementing or explaining the information on the disk. As mentioned earlier, the disks may be attached to the printed material, may be provided through the mail through newspaper and magazine delivery or available upon purchase with or without printed material.
  • a user who has multiple consumer electronic systems, but does not subscribe to multiple program listing guides may use one program listing disk to control multiple systems.
  • an additional selection is provided for assigning a unique number or name to each consumer electronic system 10.
  • the program listing is stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54 of each controller 28.
  • the viewing data for each controller 28 is identified by a unique flag.
  • FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the operation of the main
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET program for the controller 28.
  • the user inserts a particular application/data disk 62 into the floppy disk drive 58 and presses the INFO key 96 on the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the CPU 49 reads the disk 62 in the floppy disk drive 58 at step 242.
  • the controller 28 at step 244 transmits a power on command in the IR protocol of the TV 12 if the power of the TV is off.
  • the controller 28 knows the power status of the TV 12 as well as the other consumer electronics devices by the power monitoring circuits discussed below in connection with FIG. 43.
  • the IR code protocol for the TV 12 is stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54 as discussed above.
  • the CPU 49 reads the IR code protocol from the nonvolatile RAM 54 and sends the codes to the IR emitters 34 which transmit the IR codes in a broad coverage that floods the room.
  • the TV 12 detects the power on command and turns on.
  • the controller 28 switches the television 12 to channel 3 by reading the channel 3 IR code from the nonvolatile RAM 54 and, in a manner similar to the TV power on command, transmitting a channel 3 command to the TV with the proper IR code format.
  • the video switch and mixer 68 is switched into the text mode, and at step 248, the controller 28 displays on the TV screen the Main Menu 250 shown in FIG. 14.
  • This menu shows the types of disks that may be used in the interactive electronic control system.
  • the main menu 250 shows selections for TV/VCR, CD, radio, telephone directory/newspaper, home shopping, movie reservations, and other.
  • the program sequentially steps through the types of disks that could be inserted and determines the type of disk that was inserted.
  • the controller 28 determines whether the disk is a TV/VCR disk. If it is, the controller 28 jumps to the TV/VCR program described below for FIGs. 15 through 21.
  • step 254 the controller 28 determines whether the disk 62 is a CD Menu disk. If it is, the controller 28 jumps to the CD program shown in FIGS. 22-24.
  • step 256 the controller 28 determines whether a radio disk is inserted. If it is, the controller 28 jumps to the radio program described below in FIGS. 25-27.
  • step 258 the controller 28 determines whether a telephone directory/newspaper disk was inserted. If it is, the controller 28 goes to the telephone directory /newspaper program described below for FIGS. 28-32.
  • step 260 the controller 28 determines whether a home shopping disk is inserted. If it is, the controller 28 goes to the home shopping program described in FIGS. 33-35.
  • step 262 the controller 28 determines whether movie reservations was selected. If it is, the controller 28 goes to the movie reservation program described in FIGS.
  • step 263 the controller 28 determines whether "other" has been selected. If it is, the controller 28 goes to an "other" program (not shown) for a new application.
  • step 264 the system detects whether an EXIT command has been entered. If the EXIT command has not been entered, the controller 28 returns to displaying the Main Menu 250 at step 248.
  • the controller 28 displays an "Insert Disk" command. If the EXIT mode has been selected, the controller 28 switches the video switch and mixer 68 to the television setting at step 266, and at step 268 restores the television 12 to the channel the viewer was watching prior to entering the main program. Because the controller 28 monitors and records the user's viewing habits as will be discussed below, the CPU 49 retrieves the previously watched channel from the nonvolatile RAM 54 or the disk 62. Alternatively, the controller 28 may switch the TV channel to the first channel in the channel skipping table recorded during the setup mode.
  • the TV/VCR program allows the user to display the TV program listing on the television 12 and to select programs so that the controller 28 automatically turns the VCR 14 on to record the selected programs or turns the TV 12 on for viewing the selected programs at their scheduled times.
  • the TV/VCR program allows the user to sort the information on the disk by various categories such as day or type of program.
  • the controller 28 stores the user selections of programs for viewing or recording in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on the disk 62.
  • the controller 28 Upon selection of the TV/VCR program at step 252 in FIG. 13, the controller 28 jumps to the TV/VCR selection program shown in FIG. 15. Upon entering the TV/VCR selection program at step 280, the controller 28 displays the TV/VCR Menu 282 of FIG. 16.
  • the TV/VCR menu 282 provides a selection of different sorts of program listings.
  • the TV/VCR menu 282 allows the viewer to select the date or category of programs that are to be displayed.
  • the categories in the TV/VCR menu 282 shown in Fig. 16 are for the purpose of example only. The invention is equally well adapted for other sorting categories.
  • the TV/VCR program listing disk has coded CDTL information, the title of the program, category codes for sorting, and CDTL and title information for EXTRA programs.
  • Figure 16 A is a chart showing the organization of data stored on the TV program listing disk
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET 62 The TV programs are divided into areas on the disk by date. Each program has a channel, time, length, title and description, and type codes. Movies may also have a unique serial number as will be discussed in detail below. Each program also has a number of event flags associated with it. These flags include selection and cancellation of parental control, selection and cancellation of record or view, and selection or cancellation of the EXTRA feature. The details of each flag is discussed in detail below. Because flags are always associated with a CDTL in the TV/VCR mode, there is no need to store the channel or date of the commanded event. Thus, only the date and time of the occurrence of the command is recorded, except future actions require the need to store the date. At step 284, the controller 28 detects whether an EXIT command has been received. If it has, the controller
  • step 286 displays the Main Menu 250 and returns to step 248 of FIG. 13.
  • the controller 28 determines which menu item is selected. At step 288 the controller 28 determines whether calendar-by-date has been selected. If it has, at step 290 the controller 28 displays a command to the user to enter the date of the program listing that the user wants to view.
  • the controller 28 at step 292 reads from the disk 62 and sorts by the selected date from step 290. Upon completion of the sort, the controller 28 displays the Calendar-by-Date Menu 294 as shown in FIG. 17.
  • the Calendar-by-Date Menu 294 has columns for codes, channels, start time, extra, and title.
  • the codes correspond to the VCR encoding codes described in PCT application WO 90/07844 to Yuen et al., the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference. Alternatively, the codes may be replaced by sequential line numbers to allow random access selection of programs by line number.
  • the controller 28 Using the code numbers which represent the channel, day, time and length (CDTL) information for the television program, permits the television program listing on the disk 62 to be abbreviated to contain only the code, and not the express CDTL information.
  • the controller 28 has the encoding and decoding program stored in the ROM 56. During operation, the controller 28 receives the code number of a selected program and decodes the code number into CDTL information which is used to program the VCR recording and TV viewing functions as described below.
  • the EXTRA column will be discussed in detail below.
  • the controller 28 responds to the user selection of a function on the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the controller 28 determines whether the PAGE key 92 has been pressed. If it has, at step 296 the controller 28 advances the Calendar-by-Date Menu 294 by a page. Multiple pages may be advanced by using in combination the keypad 88, cursor 90
  • the controller 28 detects whether the RECORD key 102, VIEW key 104, or PARENTAL CONTROL key 115 has been actuated. If one has, at step 300 the controller 28 displays the Record/View Menu 302 of FIG. 18.
  • the Record/View Menu 302 allows the viewer to select recording or viewing the program once, daily or weekly, as well as to select the extra program, or parental control feature. Because most programs are broadcast daily or broadcast only Monday through Friday, the daily selection corresponds to the Monday through Friday viewing. Alternatively, a seven-day per week broadcast selection may also be made.
  • the EXTRA feature is a tag added by the broadcaster that is displayed with the program listing schedule and indicates that more information is available regarding the tagged broadcast.
  • This extra information is usually broadcast on some other channel at another time.
  • the extra program may be broadcast on a rarely used UHF channel during an early morning time period.
  • the viewer may elect to record this off-hour broadcast.
  • This extra program may be, for example, an ad for a travel cruise ship.
  • the "extra" program may be any type of program and is not limited to advertisements.
  • the CDTL and the title of the extra program is stored and associated with the program.
  • the controller 28 searches the program disk for the program that has the same CDTL information as the extra program.
  • the flags of the extra program are set to record the time and occurrence of the selection.
  • the CDTL information of the EXTRA program is stored in a record or memory stack which is a portion of the nonvolatile RAM 54 that contains the programs selected for recording or viewing.
  • the controller 28 compares the date and time of the clock 64 to the date and time of the selected programs in the record stack. Upon a coincidence, the controller 28 commands the VCR 14 to record the program and deletes the program selection from the record stack. A flag is set to note that the recording or viewing actually took place.
  • step 310 which will be discussed below. Otherwise, if EXTRA is selected, the controller 28 goes to the EXTRA subroutine of FIG. 19 at step 302.
  • the program detects whether the EXTRA command has been selected. If it has not been, the controller 28 leaves the extra subroutine and returns to the program from which it came. If it has been selected, in step 304, the controller 28 searches the disk 62 for the program with the same channel, date, time and length (CDTL) data as the extra program. At step 306, the controller 28 stores the CDTL data in the record stack of the nonvolatile RAM 54. The controller 28 then sets the extra flag, date and time on the disk for recording the extra information at step 308. The controller 28 then returns back to the TV/VCR program selection at step 310 of FIG. 15.
  • the user may impose parental control to prevent a viewer from watching particular television programs or a selected channel.
  • parents may want to prevent their children from watching any TV during a time period, for example, after school and before dinner.
  • Parental control is set by pressing the PARENTAL CONTROL key 115 for the highlighted selection on the Calendar-by-Date Menu 294 being displayed at step 300.
  • Programs that are flagged for parental control may be recorded or viewed by viewers with the proper password as will be discussed. However, a second user may try to use the disk to view or record a forbidden show.
  • FIG. 20 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the parental control monitoring program for the selections in the program selection flow chart shown in FIG. 15.
  • the controller 28 periodically compares the program being viewed or recorded to a stored parental control program list and a password flag. The password flag is set when the proper pass word is entered by the user.
  • step 322 if there is not a match between the program being watched and the parental control flag, the program returns to step 320 because either the program being viewed is not on the restricted list or the proper password has previously been entered.
  • the compare between the program being viewed and the parental control flag is done every minute or so to prevent long periods of unauthorized viewing before the next comparison. If there is match at step 322, at step 324 the controller 28 stops the VCR 14, if it is
  • the controller 28 ignores the command and does not transmit a record command to the VCR 14 thereby inhibiting the command.
  • the controller 28 similarly ignores channel commands for the forbidden channel from the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the controller 28 inhibits commands from the VCR remote transmitter 38 to record the forbidden show by turning off the VCR 14 and turning the TV 12 to channel 3 after receipt of a VCR record command or a channel change to the forbidden show.
  • the controller 28 similarly inhibits commands from the TV remote transmitter 32 to view the forbidden show by switching the TV 12 to channel 3.
  • the controller 28 switches the video switch and mixer 68 to the text mode, and displays "parental control: please enter password to reset".
  • step 326 if the correct password is not entered, the controller 28 returns back to step 324, and continuously requests the password to be entered. If the correct password has been entered, the system resets the system and the program password flag at step 328. Setting the program password flag allows the authorized viewer to continue watching the show or recording the show without periodically being interrupted by a request for a password.
  • the controller 28 records the incorrect password event in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on disk 62 to later inform the authorized viewer that an unauthorized attempt to view or record the program was made. The controller 28 continues to display the request for a password until the proper password is set. In an alternate embodiment, the controller 28 allows the user to select channels other than those that are forbidden.
  • the authorized viewer may retrieve a log of attempted accesses to the programs restricted by parental control by selecting a menu (not shown) in the TV/VCR program that displays the date, time, channel and title of the programs that the unauthorized viewers attempted to access.
  • the controller 28 then returns to step 320.
  • the controller 28 stores the record, view and parental control selections in the nonvolatile RAM 54 and sets the corresponding control flags on the disk 62 at step 340.
  • the flag system is comprised of multiple bits that are encoded to indicate the frequency of selection, parental control, and extra selection. Alternatively, the flags may be multiple bits where the extra, parental control, daily recording, weekly recording, and a single recording are each represented by a single bit.
  • step 342 the date and time that the viewer made these selections is recorded on the disk and/or in the nonvolatile RAM 54. The date and time of the selection may be useful marketing information.
  • the controller 28 then goes back to step 294 to determine whether a PAGE command has been selected. Returning to step 298, if the record, view or parental control has not been selected,
  • UBSTIT at step 344 the controller 28 determines whether a REVIEW command has been made. This step allows the viewer to review the selections that he has made.
  • die Selection Review Menu 348 of FIG. 21 is displayed. This display has columns to show the programs that have been selected to be recorded and the frequency of the recording (daily, weekly, extra, etc.). A column indicates whether the program has been selected to view and the frequency of viewing. A parental control column indicates those selections that have been tagged with parental control. Columns for the channel, day, time, and title of the selected programs are also displayed.
  • the controller 28 changes pages as requested at step 348 in a manner similar to that discussed above at steps 294 and 296.
  • the controller 28 at step 350 determines whether a CANCEL command has been selected. If it has, at step 352, the controller 28 erases the selection from the nonvolatile RAM 54 and the program is not viewed or watched. However, if parental control has previously been imposed, the controller 28 requests a password and ignores the cancellation if an improper password is entered.
  • a set cancel flag is recorded on the disk and at step 356, the date and time of the cancellation is stored on the disk. The record of cancelled programs is retained on the disk for marketing information. This information may be useful, for example, to determine the impact of a negative movie review.
  • the controller 28 determines whether movie reservations was selected at step 358.
  • Movie reservations allows a viewer to tag movies the viewer wants to record but does not know when they will be shown.
  • a movie reservation is made by selecting a movie from a separate library disk and recording the corresponding serial number of the selected movie into the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the library disk has a listing of movies and a corresponding unique serial number assigned to each movie using an industry-wide serializing system to be established.
  • the library disk may have a complete listing of movies or may be sorted by years, subject matter, or other category.
  • the disks are periodically updated by either the user purchasing new disks or the updates may be on the program listing disk and are recorded onto the library disks by copying the new movies from the program listing disk onto the library disk.
  • the CPU 49 searches the listing disk and compares all of the movie serial numbers to the requested reservation serial number previously stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54. As shown in Fig. 16A, each movie in the program listing has a unique serial number. Making movie reservations will be discussed in detail for FIGS. 36-37. If movie reservations was selected, at step 360, the controller 28 reads the entire disk in order to determine at step 362 whether there was a serial number
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET match If there is a match, the controller 28 highlights the movie title in the display indicating to the viewer that the requested movie is listed, and the controller 28 returns to step 298 for the viewer to decide whether to record, view or cancel this selection. If there is no serial number match at step 362 or if no movie reservations had been selected at step 358, the controller 28 goes to step 284 to determine whether an EXIT command has been given, as discussed above.
  • the controller 28 jumps to other sort routines of the TV/VCR Menu 282.
  • the user may also sort by movies, situation comedies, soap operas, news, sports and children shows by selecting from the menu.
  • the controller 28 reads the TV/VCR program listing disk and retrieves and displays the programs with sort codes matching the selected category. These sorts provide displays like the calendar-by-date sort of FIG. 17, except these sorts have an additional column for the date of the show.
  • the programming of these other sorts for determining whether page selection, recording, viewing, reviewing, cancelling and movie reservation detection is the same as the calendar-by-date program shown in FIG. 17.
  • the CD program allows the user to program the CD player 26 to play the tracks of the CD in the sequence that the user selects.
  • the program also allows the user to play CD karaoke by reading the lyrics to the songs on the CD from a karaoke disk and displaying these lyrics on the T.V. 12.
  • step 254 if the CD selection is made, the controller 28 goes to the CD program shown in FIG. 22.
  • step 380 the controller 28 displays the CD Menu 382 of FIG. 23. This menu has selections for CD programming, CD karaoke, or "other.”
  • the controller 28 detects whether an EXIT command was entered. If it was, at step 386, the controller 28 displays the Main Menu 250 and returns to step 248 of FIG. 13.
  • the controller 28 determines whether the CD programming selection in the CD Menu 382 was selected. If it was, the controller 28 at step 390 displays the CD Program Library Menu 392 of FIG. 24. This menu has spaces for entering a CD number and track numbers. Each CD has its own unique serial number, similar to an ISBN number for books. By using the keypad of the controller remote transmitter 48, the user enters the number of each disks and for each disk, the number of the tracks in the sequence that the listener prefers to hear these tracks. This allows the listener to delete the hearing of undesirable tracks. Alternatively, the user may assign an arbitrary identification number to
  • step 394 the controller 28 stores the selections in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on disk.
  • step 396 the listener may cancel the selections. If a CANCEL command is given at step 396, the controller 28 erases the selection from the nonvolatile RAM 54 at step 398. The controller 28 then returns to step 390 and displays the CD Program Library Menu 392. Otherwise, if no
  • the controller 28 determines whether an EXIT command is given. If it has been, the controller 28 returns to step 380 and displays the CD Menu 382. Otherwise, the controller 28 returns to step 390 and displays the CD Program Library Menu 392. If a CD program is not selected at step 388, at step 400 the controller 28 determines whether CD karaoke was selected.
  • CD karaoke is a display in real time of the lyrics to a song on a CD in synchronization with the words of the song as it is being played. If it was, the CD Menu 382 instructs the listener to insert a floppy disk 62 containing the lyrics to the song being played on the CD and press the SELECT button 94 on the controller remote transmitter 48. At step 402, the controller 28 reads the lyrics from the disk into the RAM
  • step 404 sets a CD karaoke flag at step 404.
  • the CD karaoke flag is used to initiate the execution of CD karaoke when the CD player 26 is turned on or a track is selected. The execution of CD karaoke will be described below for FIG. 38.
  • step 404 or if CD karaoke is not selected at step 400 the controller 28 returns to step 384.
  • the radio program allows the user to play radio/TV karaoke by reading the lyrics to the songs on the radio/or TV from a karaoke disk and displaying these lyrics on the television 12.
  • the program also allows the user to identify songs that were previously tagged by selecting Music ID.
  • the controller 28 jumps to the radio program subroutine of FIG. 25.
  • the controller 28 at step 430 displays the Radio Menu 432 shown in FIG. 26. This menu provides selections for radio/TV karaoke, Music ID, or other.
  • the controller 28 determines whether an EXIT command has been entered. If it has, the controller 28 displays the Main Menu 250 at step 436 and returns to step 248 of the main program of FIG. 13.
  • Radio or TV karaoke is a display in real time of the lyrics to a song on the radio or TV respectively in synchronization with the words of the songs as it is being played. If radio or TV karaoke has been selected, the
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET Radio Menu 432 instructs the viewer to insert a disk containing the karaoke lyrics.
  • the controller 28 reads the lyrics from the disk into the RAM memory 52 and sets a radio or TV karaoke flag at step 442.
  • the controller 28 determines whether a CANCEL command has been given. If it has, at step 446, the radio or TV karaoke flag is reset. After step 446 or if no CANCEL command is given at step 444, the controller 28 returns to the exit routine at step 434.
  • the controller 28 determines whether Music ID has been selected. Music ID allows a listener of a radio station who hears a song, but does not know the title or artist, to record the time and station of the song and, when a program disk is entered into the controller 28, to identify the song. In an alternate embodiment discussed below in connection with FIG. 38, upon receipt of a Music ID command, the controller 28 displays in real time the title of the song on the television 12.
  • the program disk may either be an advance listing of radio broadcasts, listings of songs actually broadcast, or a combination of both.
  • the controller 28 compares the date, time, and frequency of the selected songs stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54 with the radio schedule on the disk. As will be discussed below in connection with FIG. 38, when the listener commands Music ID, the controller 28 stores the date and time of the Music ID command in the non-volatile RAM 54. Because the controller 28 stores the stereo receiver power on and frequency selection commands as part of its monitoring of listener habits as will also be discussed in connection with FIG. 38, the controller 28 identifies the songs selected for identification by comparing the date, time and frequency of the Music ID command with the radio program listening. When a match is found, at step 452, the controller 28 displays the music titles, artists, and other identification of the Music ID Menu 453 shown in FIG. 27. Because the song may have been broadcast with advertisements, the disk may also have a corresponding advertisement that the controller
  • the controller 28 may record the event of the Music ID on the program list on the disk 62.
  • the information may be used for marketing as well as for entering the listener into contests-
  • the Music ID key 112 may be actively used by radio stations for contests. For example, instead of awarding prizes to the 100th listener to call in, the listener may be asked to press the Music ID key 112 and the winner is randomly selected from those who returned their disks and selected Music ID.
  • the listener may also cancel a Music ID selection if no longer desired.
  • the controller 28 detects whether a CANCEL command has been received. If it has, at step 455, the controller 28 cancels these entries in the nonvolatile RAM 54 and returns to displaying the Music ID Menu 453 at step 452. If at step 454 there is no CANCEL command, the controller 28 determines whether an EXIT command has been selected at step
  • controller 28 returns to displaying the Music ID Menu 453 at step 452. If it has not been selected, the controller 28 returns to displaying the Radio Menu 432 at step 430.
  • the controller 28 also returns to the exit routine at 434.
  • the telephone directory/newspaper program disk contains information related to the printed telephone directory or newspaper that accompanies the disk.
  • the telephone directory disk has listings of business establishments, their addresses and phone numbers, and associated advertisements.
  • Each business establishment has identifying codes for sorting the establishments by categories. For example, a listing for the restaurant China
  • King has its address, phone number, and identifying codes to indicate that it is a Chinese restaurant, is moderately priced, has take out food but no delivery, and accepts certain major credit cards such as Visa and Mastercard.
  • the newspaper disk has listings of classified advertisements for individuals or businesses with identifying codes that are related to the items being sold.
  • the telephone directory and newspaper programs allows the user to search the disk by sorting the information into user defined categories. The user is able to call the establishments by using the controller 28 and the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the controller 28 maintains and records in the non-volatile RAM 54 or on disk the searching habits and the telephone calls of the user. Referring back to FIG. 13, if, at step 258, telephone directory/newspaper is selected, the controller 28 goes to the telephone directory/newspaper program shown in FIG. 28.
  • the controller 28 displays the Telephone Directory Menu 472 of FIG. 29 if telephone directory is selected, or the Newspaper Classified Menu 474 of FIG. 31 if newspaper is selected.
  • the programming flow chart is virtually identical for selecting from the telephone directory and newspaper, and thus, in the preferred embodiment, a common computer program is used wherein a flag indicates whether the selected entry is for telephone directory or for newspaper, as will be discussed below.
  • an exit routine similar to that at step 284 in of FIG. 15 is employed. If EXIT has been selected, the program displays the Main Menu 250 at step 478 and return to step 248 of FIG. 13. Otherwise, if EXIT has not been selected, the controller 28 reads the user-selected
  • the menu directs the viewer to insert the telephone directory disk into the disk drive 58.
  • This menu also displays categories of business that may be selected. For example, the menu 472 shows restaurants, pharmacies, attorneys, doctors, and plumbers.
  • the newspaper Classified Menu 474 in FIG. 31 the viewer is instructed to insert a newspaper disk.
  • FIG. 31A shows the organization of the telephone directory/Newspaper listing disk. Each data entry has three fields. The first field has the event .flags with the day and time of the event. The event flags include dialing of a telephone number and the hang-up of the telephone call. The details of these flags are discussed below.
  • the second field has the name and description of the item and limitations, such as time or quantity limitations.
  • the third field has the sort codes that determine the categories the item will be sorted in. For example, these include restaurants, attorneys, and plumbers for the telephone directory listing and automobiles, real estate, and employment for the newspaper.
  • the controller 28 reads the disk and sorts by selection. For example, if for the telephone directory, the user selects "restaurants" after reading from the disk, the controller 28 displays a Restaurant Menu 484, shown in FIG. 30, having a selection of individual restaurants. Alternatively, the viewer may select categories by entering the alpha characters of the desired category. For example, after the user enters "RE" on the controller remote transmitter 48, the controller 28 searches for categories beginning with these letters and displays several categories such as RESTAURANT, RECORDS, and the like. The user may either directly select RESTAURANT or may enter a sufficient number of characters to uniquely define the RESTAURANT category.
  • the controller 28 If the user selects a displayed item, the controller 28 reads the address and telephone number from the telephone directory disk and displays them on the screen. Alternatively, advertisements or menus may be stored on the disk and also displayed when the item is selected. Because the business may be called directly by pressing the DIAL key 108 on the controller remote transmitter 48 as will be discussed below, the telephone number does not need to be displayed.
  • the Automobiles Menu 486 of FIG. 32 displays an Automobiles Menu.
  • the automobiles has an EXTRA column where certain cars have a corresponding "X" in this column by selecting the EXTRA key 114, additional information may be retrieved from disk and displayed or, as was done with the television programming, an off-hour off-channel television broadcast may televise particular details about the particular cars. This feature is useful in the marketing of residential houses.
  • the controller 28 determines whether page advancement has been selected by the PAGE key 92 on the controller remote transmitter 48 at step 488. If it was, the display advances a page at step 490, and either way, at step 492, the controller 28 determines whether a DIAL command has been sent. If no DIAL command has been sent, the controller 28 returns back to step 488. If a DIAL command has been detected, at step 494, the CPU 49 activates the DTMF generator 78 to output DTMF tones on the phone line terminal 76 corresponding to the telephone number of the selected establishment. The CPU 49 also switches the audio switch 84 to the microphone position thereby allowing the user to talk.
  • the set dial flag is recorded on the disk and/or the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the date, time, and selection are recorded on the disk and/or in the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the selections may be retained in the nonvolatile RAM 54 for time periods beyond the update period of the newspaper disk.
  • the controller 28 compares the selection to the previous selections stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54 and notifies the user if the user is attempting to purchase the same item more than once. After a period of time, for example two weeks, the Controller 28 erases the selection from the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the controller 28 determines whether a HANG-UP signal has been issued. If none has been, the system waits until a HANG-UP command has been received.
  • the hang-up flag is set and stored on disk or in the nonvolatile RAM 54, and at step 504, the date and time is similarly stored on disk or in the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the duration of the phone call is calculable.
  • the disk is returned, the information becomes available to the audience response collection service. The frequency of use, what ads are viewed, and other data may also be determined.
  • the system returns to step 476 for the exit sequence.
  • the Home Shopping disk program allows a shopper to purchase items advertised in catalogs by selecting the items from a Home Shopping disk that accompanies the catalog and either placing the order by returning the disk or calling a distributor and electronically ordering the selected items.
  • the Home Shopping disk contains information related to the printed catalog.
  • the home shopping disk has listings for items for sale, a corresponding description of the items, prices and identifying codes to indicate the type of item.
  • a VCR made by Sony may have a description that it is a four head, stereo VCR with built-in VCR plus functions priced at $349.95.
  • the listing may also have identifying codes to show it is an appliance, an electronic device, a VCR, and priced under $400.00.
  • the controller 28 sorts the information on the disk for user selected categories and
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET displays the matching entries on the TV 12.
  • the shopper may select the item for purchase by pressing the SELECT key 94 on the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the controller 28 records this selection in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on the Home Shopping disk.
  • the shopper places the order for the item by returning the disk with the stored order to a retailer or by phoning the retailer using the controller 28 and electronically transmitting the order stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on the disk to the retailer.
  • the controller 28 jumps to the home shopping program shown in FIG. 33.
  • the controller 28 displays the Home Shopping Menu 522 shown in FIG. 34. This menu shows categories, such as appliances, clothing, gifts, sporting goods, and other, that the user may select for displaying items within the selected category.
  • the controller 28 determines whether an EXIT command has been sent. If it has, die Main Menu is displayed at step 526, and the program returns to step 248 of FIG. 13.
  • the controller 28 stores the user identification information on the disk.
  • the controller 28 reads the user's selected category from the selections of the Home Shopping Menu 522. For example, if appliances is selected on the menu, the controller 28 at step 532 reads the disk received with a catalog and sorts by this selection. The controller 28 then displays the Appliance Menu 534, shown in FIG. 35. This menu shows the particular items in the selected category that are for sale.
  • the controller 28 determines whether a PAGE command has been sent, and if so, at step 538, changes pages.
  • step 540 the controller 28 stores the date, time and selection of the user on the disk and/or in the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the user is instructed to mail the disk in the postage-paid mailer 152 in step 542.
  • the data services group forwards the order to the corresponding wholesaler or manufacturer.
  • step 542' may be performed wherein the viewer dials a toll-free number and transfers the data stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on disk directly to the retailer.
  • the system is then returned to step 524 for the exit subroutine.
  • the movie reservations program allows a user to search a library disk that contains a listing of movies and an associated unique serial number and select movies the user wishes to record or view at a later date.
  • the serial numbers of the selections are stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54.
  • the controller 28 Upon inserting the TV/VCR program listing disk 62 into the floppy disk drive 58 the controller 28 searches the disk for a match between the serial numbers of
  • step 262 movie reservations is selected, the controller 28 jumps to the movie reservation program of FIG. 36.
  • step 550 the Movie Reservation
  • Menu 552 shown in FIG. 37 is displayed. This menu displays a list of movies from which a viewer may select.
  • the controller 28 determines whether an EXIT command has been issued. If it has, at step 556, the Main Menu 250 is displayed and the controller 28 returns the program to step 248 of FIG. 13. If the EXIT command has not been issued, the controller 28 sorts the movie reservation library at step 558 by a user selected sort category, such as alphabetic, subject matter, or year, and displays a list of movies that the user is able to page through at step 560. Upon receipt of a PAGE command, the controller 28 at step 562 changes pages.
  • a user selected sort category such as alphabetic, subject matter, or year
  • the user upon finding a movie that he wishes to record or view, selects the movie by pressing the SELECT key 94.
  • the controller 28 stores at step 566 the serial number of the movie in the nonvolatile RAM 54, flags the selection on the disk at step 568, and returns to step 554 for the exit routine at step 564 if no selection is made.
  • the controller 28 displays a list of selected movies at step 572.
  • the viewer may cancel the selected movie at step 574 in which the controller 28 erases the selection from the nonvolatile RAM 54 and sets a separate cancel flag on the disk at step 578. Although the movie is not recorded, the fact that the viewer selected the movie is nonetheless recorded.
  • the controller 28 returns to the exit routine at step 554, either upon completion of step 578 or upon no cancellation being received at step 574 or no review being made at step 570.
  • An alternate way of entering a movie reservation may be performed while viewing a
  • the controller 28 detects this command and knowing the TV 12 is on as well as the time, date and channel, reads a movie program serial number from the RAM 52 or the TV listing disk. This code is stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54 with the other movie reservation selections. The controller 28 now proceeds as before, and upon entering the TV disk for the following weeks, the controller 28 runs the movie reservation program, as shown in FIG. 36. NORMAL SYSTEM OPERATION
  • the controller 28 is constantly monitoring the infrared detector 44 for signals received from either the controller remote transmitter 48 or from one of the individual remote transmitters 32, 36, 40, 42 for the consumer electronic devices. Commands from the controller remote transmitter 48 use a protocol different than the protocol of the individual remote transmitters. Accordingly, die consumer electronic devices are not controlled by commands from the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the controller 28 detects the commands from the controller remote transmitter 48, processes them, and, in most cases, transmits a corresponding command to the appropriate electronic device with that device's protocol. As will be discussed below, commands to view or record shows that are being restricted by parental control are not transmitted by the controller 28 unless the proper password is entered.
  • the controller 28 only monitors and does not retransmit commands from the individual remote transmitters because the electronic device responds directly to tiiese commands which are transmitted with that device's protocol. However, as will be discussed below, some commands such as channel up/down commands are retransmitted by the controller 28. This transmission occurs either in situations in which the controller 28 does not know the status of the electronic device after it is commanded by the remote transmitter or in cases where the user is attempting to perform a forbidden task such as view a show blocked by parental control.
  • FIG. 38 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the analysis of signals detected from the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the infrared detector 44 detects an infrared signal from the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the controller 28 uses the subroutine shown in FIG. 39 for determining the equipment status. Because some commands, such as volume control or pause, do not affect what the user is watching or listening to, their occurrence is not recorded.
  • FIG. 39 shows the steps for determining whether the commanded device is on or off. If it is on, and the command is an up/down channel command, the routine determines the next channel to command the requested device to switch to. It is important that the controller 28 is able to determine whether the power of each electronic device is turned on.
  • FIG. 39 shows the flow chart for the processing of the power on/off, channel selection, channel up/down, VCR play, and VCR stop commands subroutine.
  • the controller 28 determines whether the selected command is a power on/off command. If it is, at step 642 the controller 28 transmits the on/off command in the IR protocol corresponding to the commanded device if it was originally from the controller remote transmitter 48. At step 644, the controller 28 checks the power status from the power line monitors which are described in detail below in FIG.
  • the controller 28 sets the power off flag for the particular equipment at step 648, exits the subroutine, and returns to the program from which the controller 28 jumped into the subroutine.
  • the controller 28 at step 650 transmits the channel number/frequency command in the IR protocol corresponding to the commanded device where the channel number or frequency is the first channel number or frequency that is in the stored channel-skip table discussed above in FIG. 11. If the electronic system has a cable box 16, the controller 28 sets the television 12 and the VCR 14 channels to channel J. The controller 28 next sets the power on and the channel number flags for the particular equipment at step 652 and exits the subroutine.
  • step 640 If at step 640 the selected command is not POWER ON/OFF, and at step 654 the selected command is a CHANNEL SELECTION command and the power is on for the selected unit, the controller 28 goes to the channel selection subroutine shown in FIG. 40 at step 656.
  • FIG. 40 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the channel change subroutine shown in FIG. 39.
  • the controller 28 identifies the channel selection command that was sent at step 840. If the channel selection was a random-access-channel-select, the controller 28 sends the command if the command was requested by the controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the controller 28 then records the event in the nonvolatile RAM 54 at step 844, and sets the channel number flag for the selected equipment at step 646. The controller 28 next exits the subroutine and returns to the program from which the controller jumped into the subroutine.
  • the controller 28 sends the channel number or frequency command where the number sent is the next higher or lower number stored in the channel skipping sequence entered in the Channel-Skipping Menu of FIG. 11 at step 850.
  • the controller 28 records the event at step 844 and sets die
  • the controller 28 searches the program listing stored either in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on disk for the code of die program presently being viewed. The controller 28 then calculates the CDTL information from the code.
  • the controller 28 turns the VCR 14 on if its power is presently off, and commands the VCR to record if die command was requested by die controller remote transmitter 48.
  • the controller remote transmitter 48 has a plurality of control buttons 130. One of these control buttons 130 is programmed to perform the one-time program function after the TV button 116 is pressed.
  • the controller 28 stores die CDTL data in the nonvolatile RAM 54 for automatic turnoff of the VCR 14 at the end of die selected program.
  • the controller 28 records the event and sets the channel number flag and exits the subroutine at steps 844 and 846, as discussed above.
  • die channel command is a MULTIPLE PICTURE command
  • the controller 28 sends the command 862 if die command was selected by die controller remote transmitter 48.
  • a MULTIPLE PICTURE command is a command to change the channel of one of the displayed channels in televisions 12 tiiat have multiple picture capability. For example, in a two picture system, one channel is displayed in a small portion of the television screen, and a second channel is displayed over .the remainder of the television screen.
  • the channels of these two displays may be changed independently or, alternatively, die channels between the two displays may be toggled between die two channels.
  • the controller 28 records die event, sets die channel number flag and exits the subroutine at steps 844 and 846, as discussed above. If the channel-select command is a PREVIOUS CHANNEL command, at step 864, the controller 28 sends the command if the command was sent by die controller remote transmitter 48 at step 866.
  • a PREVIOUS CHANNEL command allows die viewer to select the channel that the viewer was previously watching.
  • the controller 28 records die event, sets the channel number flag and exits die subroutine at steps 844 and 846, respectively, as discussed above.
  • die controller 28 at step 662 sends die command if die commanding device is from the controller remote transmitter 48. If there is a cable box 16, at step 664 the controller 28 sets the cable box 16 to the "odier vacant channel" that was entered in die Channel-Skipping Menu 214
  • the controller 28 maintains this setting until the VCR stop command is received at step 666. If there is no cable box 16 at step 664, the controller 28 sends die TV 12 the command to switch to channel 3, and sends die VCR 14 a command to set die channel to die "otiier vacant channel" from the Channeling-Skipping Menu 214 as discussed above. The controller 28 maintains these channel settings until die VCR stop command is received. The purpose of maintaining these settings until a STOP command is received is because, in most VCRs, at die end of a tape, die VCR automatically stops and rewinds die tape, and switches from playing the tape to displaying the previously displayed channel.
  • the control 28 switches to the text mode and generates a display on channel 3 that requests the viewer to enter a channel number.
  • the display with die channel number request is automatically displayed on d e TV 12.
  • die controller 28 sets the channel number flags and the VCR flag and exits the subroutine. If the VCR play command is not sent at step 660, but at step 672 the VCR stop command is sent and die VCR power is on, the controller 28 sends the command if the command comes from the controller remote transmitter 48 at step 674 and determines whether die VCR play flag has been set at step 676.
  • the controller 28 releases control of the TV 12, VCR 14, and cable box 16 channel settings at step 678, and resets die VCR play flag at step 680. From step 680, or if the VCR play was not set at step 676, the controller
  • step 684 If die VCR stop command is not sent at step 672, but at step 684 a VCR power off command is sent, the VCR goes to step 674 and proceed as discussed above. If at step 684, a VCR power off is not received, then the controller 28 exits the subroutine. Upon completion of this portion of the subroutine of FIG. 39 and returning to Fig. 38, die controller 28 checks the power on/off status at step 594, and if a power on/off change took place, the controller 28 stores the command, date, and time in the nonvolatile RAM 54, and/or flags the program, and stores the time on disk at step 596. At step 598, die command is sent from the controller 28 to the selected device. The controller 28 then returns to a monitoring mode at step 590 for detection of the next transmitted signal.
  • step 594 die requested command was not power on/off
  • step 600 the controller 28 determines whether die command was a TV, VCR or cable box command. If it is not one of diese or the power is not on at step 600, the controller 28 at step 602 determines whetiier the command is for the CD player 26. If it is and the power of die CD player 26 is on, the controller at step 604 determines whether it is a CD play command. If it is not a CD play command, the controller 28 sends the requested command at step 598 and returns to step 590.
  • the controller 28 looks in the CD library for the program sequence of tracks diat were entered during the CD setup mode for that CD serial number and programs the CD player by transmitting suitable IR codes 26 at step 210 to play the tracks in the sequence as stored in die CD library. (All of die IR codes for programming the CD player were previously stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on disk during the equipment setup mode as described above.)
  • the user enters the track numbers and their associated playing time during the CD programming selection discussed above for FIGS. 23-24.
  • the controller 28 sends the first track number in the program sequence to die CD player 26.
  • the controller 28 calculates when the CD player 26 completes playing the track by adding the playing time to e time mat die track command is sent, and comparing the system clock to die calculated track time. Upon a coincidence between these times, the controller 28 sends die next track number to the CD player 26 and repeats the time analysis. This process is completed until die controller 28 has sent the entire program. The controller 28 then returns to its monitoring mode at step 590.
  • the controller 28 determines whether a CD karaoke flag has been set. If the viewer has not selected CD karaoke, die controller 28 sends the command at step 598 and returns to its monitoring mode at step 590. If, however, CD karaoke has been selected at step 612, the controller 28 turns on the television 12, tunes it to channel 3, and switches the video switch and mixer 68 to the text mode at step 614. At step 616, die controller 28 synchronizes the CD player 26 play command witii the display of lyrics previously stored in die CD karaoke mode on the television 12 and die controller 28 returns to the monitoring mode.
  • step 600 If at step 600 the TV/VCR/cable box is commanded and its power is on, or if the radio is commanded and the radio power is on at step 618, the controller 28 determines
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET whether the radio or TV karaoke flag was set at step 620. If it has not been set, die controller 28 stores die command at step 596 as discussed above and proceeds to send d e command at step 598 and returns to its monitoring mode at step 590. However, if the viewer has selected radio or TV karaoke, at step 622, die controller 28 monitors the microphone 46 to detect a start tone from die TV or radio receiver speakers by switching the audio switch
  • the start tone is preferably a DTMF tone which is broadcast by the TV or radio station in synchronism with the beginning of a musical selection.
  • die controller 28 turns on the television 12, tunes it to channel 3 and sets the video switch and mixer 68 to the text mode. However, if the TV karaoke flag is set, the television video signal is mixed with the karaoke lyric text at step 624. Upon detection of a broadcast start tone from the TV receiver speaker, the CPU 49 synchronizes the lyrics to the music and transmits the lyrics text to the television 12 at step 626.
  • the karaoke floppy disks used during CD, radio, TV, or VCR karaoke set up contain the lyrics to songs being played on the radio or TV or stored on CD's or videotapes. After these lyrics are loaded into the RAM 52, and the synchronization takes place, the controller
  • the 28 sends the karaoke lyrics to the television 12 in phrases, for example, five words at a time, for display on the TV screen.
  • the phrases are time-tagged on the disk.
  • the CPU 49 calculates an elapsed time from die start of the karaoke song (detection of the start tone or CD play signal). When the elapsed time equals the next time tag, the CPU 49 displays die corresponding set of phrases. For example, the first set of phrases are displayed five seconds after the tone, the next set of phrases are displayed ten seconds after the start tone, and so forth.
  • the time tagging on the disks is performed by a programmer when the karaoke disks are created.
  • the word being sung may be highlighted or indicated by a bouncing ball or by flashing the phrase.
  • Karaoke may also be performed with prerecorded videotape in a manner similar to that of CD karaoke.
  • a videotape has a corresponding karaoke floppy disk 62 diat contains the lyrics to the songs on the videotape.
  • the lyrics are read from the disk and stored in the RAM memory 52 during setup.
  • the controller 28 starts die display of lyrics and waits for the VCR and the tape to get up to speed and perform other initialization after the VCR 14 is started.
  • the video switch and mixer 68 must be set to the combined mode as is done for TV karaoke so that both the lyrics and the video signal are displayed on die screen.
  • the karaoke disk may contain the sound pattern for the beginning of the karaoke song.
  • the first set of notes played in the song may be recorded on the disk.
  • a detection circuit compares the recorded sounds to the incoming detected sounds from the microphone 46. When a match occurs, die lyrics are synchronized with the music being played on die CD player 26, radio 24, TV 12 or VCR 14.
  • the controller 28 at step 628 determines whether Music ID is selected and radio power is on. If it is, at step 630 die controller 28 stores the radio station frequency, date and time in the nonvolatile RAM 54 for use when a radio program listing disk 62 is inserted as described above in connection with FIG. 13. The system, eidier way, returns back to its monitoring mode at step 590.
  • the controller 28 determines whether a radio program listing disk is in the disk drive 58 or if the program listing is stored in die nonvolatile RAM 54. If it is, the controller 28 searches the disk for information relating to the song being played on die radio. If the song is found, the controller 28 turns on the TV 12 and switches the video switch and mixer 68 into the text mode. The controller 28 dien continuously displays die title and artist of the song in real time. Additional information about die song or artist may also be displayed.
  • a radio reservation program similar to the movie reservations programs shown in FIG. 36, allows the listener to make a reservation for the song.
  • die controller 28 searches the disk for the next playing of die selected song. The listener selects the songs that are to be listened to at the next playing or cancels die entry.
  • die controller 28 turns on the stereo receiver 24 and switches it to the appropriate station.
  • the Music ID command is used to identify television programs in a manner similar to that for radio.
  • a viewer presses die Music ID key 112. If a television program listing disk in is the disk drive 58 or if the listing data is stored in the nonvolatile RAM 54, the controller 28 searches the disk for the title and other information about die program being viewed. This information is displayed on the TV 12 in die combined TV/text mode. As discussed above for FIG. 36, movie reservations may be made.
  • FIG. 41 is a flow chart showing d e program for the detection of signals from individual remote transmitters.
  • d e controller 28 determines whether the detected command is a power on/off command at step 692. If it is, die controller 28 at step 694 goes to the power on/off subroutine discussed above for FIG. 39. Upon returning from the subroutine, or if the power on/off command
  • die program determines whether a command was sent from die CD remote transmitter 40 and if die power is on for the CD player 26 at step 696. If it is, at step 698 die controller 28 stores the command, the date, and die time in die nonvolatile RAM 54 or on disk. The controller 28 returns back to its monitoring mode at step 690.
  • step 696 If at step 696 a command from the CD remote transmitter 40 was not sent or d e power was off, but a command from the stereo remote transmitter 36 is received and d e power of the stereo receiver 24 is on at step 700, at step 702 the controller 28 stores the command, die date and time in the nonvolatile RAM 54 and flags the program that was selected and stores the time of the selection on disk at step 702. The controller 28 then
  • step 700 If at step 700 the stereo remote transmitter 40 was not selected, then at step 704, if a command from either of the TV, VCR, or CABLE BOX remote transmitters is received and die power of die corresponding device is on, at step 704 the controller 28 jumps to the subroutine discussed for FIG. 39 if the selected command is a power on/off command,
  • step 702 the controller 28 maintains the television 12 and the VCR 14 on channel 3.
  • the controller 28 goes to step 702 and proceeds as discussed above.
  • the controller 28 If a TV, VCR, CABLE BOX command is not received or the power of the selected device is off at step 704, the controller 28 returns to its monitoring mode at step 690.
  • Fig. 41 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in the analysis of signals detected from the individual audio/visual electronic equipment remote transmitters as shown in Fig.
  • the controller 28 is constantly comparing the system clock to the start times of the record and view commands that are stored in a memory stack in the nonvolatile RAM 54. At coincidence, the controller 28 commands the corresponding electronic unit to either
  • the controller 28 erases the command from the memory. For record or view events that have multiple occurrences, such as record daily or weekly, at step 712, the controller 28 recalculates the time of the next command and stores the time and command in the nonvolatile RAM 54. The fact that die event occurred is also recorded in memory by storing the command, the date, die time, and
  • FIG. 43 shows the power monitoring unit 85 of the controller 28 shown above in FIG.
  • the power monitoring unit 85 has a power connector 720 that provides electrical power 35 from a power source (not shown) to both the controller 28 and the consumer electronic
  • the power connector 720 connects to power lines 722 and 724.
  • the preferred power form is 115 V, 60 Hz AC power. Alternatively, other power forms including DC power may be used. Although two lines are shown for the AC power, a diree-line power system may be used.
  • a set of power lines 738 connect to die power line 722. Power lines 722, 738 connect to the controller power electronics (not shown) and to preassigned power connectors 726, 728, 730, 732 and 734 for the television 12, VCR 14, cable box 16, CD player 26 and stereo 24, respectively.
  • a power sensor or sensing coil 736 is attached to each break-out power line 738. In DC power systems, a current shunt is used as a current sensor.
  • These power sensors 736 are connected to a signal processor 740 that determines whedier power is being drawn by a corresponding electronic device, by comparing the detected current to a ireshold value and sends di ⁇ s power information to the CPU 49. By monitoring the signals from the signal processor 740, the CPU 49 knows whether each electronic device is on or off. As power is drawn by an electronic device, the current flowing through the sensing coil 736 induces an electrical current therein that is detected by die signal processor 740 and converted to a digital signal for sending to die CPU 49. This information is used in die power on/off detection routines discussed above for FIG. 40.
  • die electronic devices are not preassigned to die connectors 726, 728, 730, 732 and 734.
  • the controller 28 directs d e user to turn all electronic devices off.
  • the controller 28 sequentially commands each device to turn on and dien monitors the current through each power sensing coil 736.
  • the coil 736 that measures a current draw is assigned to the device diat was commanded to turn on.
  • An AC line data modulator 742 is attached to power lines 722, 724 for sending signals from die CPU 49 dirough the AC power line to other electronic devices on the power lines.
  • One method for transmitting signals on AC power lines is disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
  • FIG. 44 shows an alternate means for detecting whether power is on or off for the television 12.
  • the controller 28 at step 752 sends a channel 3 select command to the television 12 and switches die video switch and mixer 68 to the text mode.
  • the controller 28 men displays at step 754 a command to die viewer to enter a channel number. The viewer is now unable to watch TV until a channel number is entered.
  • the controller 28 monitors the IR detectors for receipt of a channel
  • die controller 28 switches the video switch and mixer 68 to the television mode and switches the television 12 to the selected channel at step 758. Because the television 12 is now on and die viewer is presumably watching the show, the controller 28 stores this event and die channel number with a date and time stamp in die nonvolatile RAM 54 or on the disk at step 760.
  • step 756 if a response is not received within 20 seconds, at step 762 the controller 28 assumes die television 12 is now turned off and stores the event iat the previously watched program is no longer being watched. Although, at step 756, 20 seconds has been chosen, any time may be selected that allows a viewer to enter the desired channel.
  • FIG. 45 shows an alternate means for detecting whether power is on or off for the television 12.
  • a local oscillator detector 780 is inside the controller 28 and detects the emissions from the local oscillators of the television 12, the VCR 14 or the cable box 16. In the preferred embodiment, the local oscillator detector 780 connects to the output terminal 70 of the controller 28 which connects by cable 23 to the input port of the television 12.
  • the detector 780 may be connected to an antenna for detection of radiated emissions.
  • the local oscillator (LO) conducted emissions on the cable 23 are tapped off at die output terminal 70 and scanned by a scanning FM receiver or frequency syndiesizer 782. These scanned emissions are inputted into a signal detector 784 which detects the presence of any conducted LO emissions in the scanned frequency band.
  • Both the scanning FM receiver 782 and the signal detector circuit 784 receive and send control signals to and from the CPU 49.
  • the signal detector 784 Upon detection of a conducted emission the signal detector 784 sends the detected frequency of the LO to the CPU 49.
  • the CPU 49 calculates the channel or radio station that the corresponding electronic device is tuned to.
  • One method for using LO emissions for signal detection is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,038,405 to Karr issued August 6, 1991, the subject matter of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • clocks for example, the microwave oven, the stove, the refrigerator, other radios, the automatic lawn sprinkler system and clocks. Each clock must be individually set upon purchase.
  • each device does not have battery backup or an equivalent, each device must be reset after power interruptions. Furthermore, the accuracy of each clock varies so that after some period of time after the clocks are set the clocks differ from each other and must be periodically reset. In addition when switching from standard time to daylight time or vice versa, each clock must be advanced or set back one hour.
  • FIG. 46 is a flow chart showing the steps employed in a clock setting program for the invention shown in FIG. 1.
  • the controller 28 at step 810 constantly monitors the microphone 46 for the occurrence of a time tone mat TV and radio broadcasters periodically transmit on the hour. Alternatively, the monitoring does not have to be constant, but can be done periodically for one hour intervals such as once a day, once a week, or once a month. Since the tones occur on d e hour die controller 28 responds by setting the clock to die closest hour at step 812.
  • each consumer electronic device and every electronic device in the house has an AC line modulator or alternatively an IR detector. The use of AC line modulators are well known to those skilled in die art as noted above in FIG. 43 in the discussion on die Schwarzbach, et al. patent.
  • the controller 28 periodically transmits die time as a coded signal over the AC line or via the infrared detector. Each electronic device detects this signal and resets its internal clock.
  • the controller 28 also detects power interruptions. After the occurrence of a power interruption at step 816, the controller 28 transmits the time as a coded signal over die AC line or via IR detector at step 818 to reset the electronic devices. For televisions that do not retain channel skipping memory during power outages, the controller 28 reprograms die TV 12 by reading die channel from the Channel-Skipping Menu and commanding die TV to add tiiese channels to memory.
  • the controller 28 records this date into the nonvolatile RAM 54, continuously compares the present date to the recorded date at step 820 and, when there is a match, adds or subtracts one hour to its own clock and transmits the new time via the AC line or IR detector at step 822.
  • me controller 28 records whether and which television programs are viewed or recorded, whedier and which FM radio stations are listened to and which CD tracks are played.
  • the controller 28 is capable of recording all user commands and selections. For example, in die home shopping program of FIG. 33, die shopper selects various items to purchase. If die user does not immediately order d e product by direct telephone communication with the retailer, the shopper directs the controller 28 to record die purchase so that, by returning the disk, die selected items are ordered.
  • the controller 28 monitors the telephone activity of die user from the telephone directory or the newspaper classifieds. Each time the user directs the controller 28 to dial a phone number from the telephone directory or die newspaper classifieds, the controller records this information either
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on die disk may be used.
  • FIG. 47 is a flow chart showing steps employed in the audience response data collection program for the invention of FIG. 1.
  • the controller 28 determines whedier the audit period has ended. Each disk is programmed to have a date that signifies the end of the audit period. For example, for weekly television program listings, the disk diat the viewer receives on a weekly basis has the date that die viewer receives his next disk.
  • the controller 28 loads the end of audit period date into the nonvolatile RAM 54. The controller 28 compares this date to the present date of the controller clock.
  • the controller 28 turns on the television 12, switches it to channel 3 and switches the video switch and mixer 68 into the text mode.
  • die controller 28 waits until the viewer has finished watching the television program and upon detection of a power on/off command for the television, the controller 28 does not turn the television 12 off but rather switches the television 12 to channel 3 and enters the text mode.
  • the controller 28 allows the viewer to continue watching his television program. However, the controller 28 switches the video switch and mixer 68 into die combined television and text mode and displays at the bottom of die screen: "insert your program listing disk and press SELECT" at step 792. The controller continues this display until at step 793 die disk is inserted.
  • the controller 28 at step 794 reads the identifiers on the disk and determines whether the disk contains the correct identifiers.
  • the listing disks use encrypted codes which are decoded by the CPU 49. These codes change with the date. If the identifiers are not correct, the controller 28 determines whether this is the second time die disk has been inserted at step 795. If it is, the controller 28 at step 796 erases the disk. For new program listing disks, the controller 28 does not erase them but displays a message saying that the new disks cannot be used until the old disks are inserted. For both the first and second times for the disk, the controller 28 at step 797 rejects the disk and displays and error message indicating that an improper disk was inserted. The controller 28 returns to step
  • step 792 requests the user to insert the correct disk. If at step 794, the identifiers are correct, the controller 28 at step 798 reads all user commands in the nonvolatile RAM 54 and stores them on disk.
  • the controller 28 stores all the user commands from the nonvolatile RAM 54 on the disk and verifies that all the commands have been stored at step 798.
  • the controller 28 stores all the user commands from the nonvolatile RAM 54 on the disk and verifies that all the commands have been stored at step 798.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET the controller 28 instructs the user to mail die disks in die postage paid mailer.
  • the controller dials a toll free number and transfers all the stored user commands in the nonvolatile RAM 54 or on disk via the modem to the audience response data collection center.
  • the controller 28 erases all the commands from the nonvolatile RAM 54 that have been transferred or stored on disk and at step 804 the controller 28 switches the system back into the television mode and turns off the television 12.
  • die disk may be physically returned to a collection point, such as a video rental store. The collection point may eidier download d e information from disk or send the disk to die response center. In the embodiment where the viewer is allowed to continue viewing his show, the television is not turned off.
  • controller 28 sequentially requests the user to put the disk into each successive controller until the data of each controller is recorded from die nonvolatile RAM 54 onto die disk.
  • the controller 28 transfers the recorded information to die audience response data collection system either by recording the information on the disk or transmitting die information to a central computer via phone line.
  • a printer port 86 is provided for interfacing to a printer for making hard copies of user selected information.
  • a listener may want a hard copy of die songs selected under the Music ID command, as discussed above in FIG. 27. The listener may want to take this list to a store to purchase the selected CDs.
  • a shopper may want a printout of items mat are ordered through die home shopping program.
  • die preferred embodiment uses infrared communication between die controller 28 and electronic devices
  • odier communication interfaces may be used.
  • a two-way radio frequency (RF) system, ultrasound or a direct connection may be employed.
  • die collection of the data has been discussed in terms of marketing use, the information may be used for other purposes.
  • parents may want to know the viewing habits of their children.
  • the controller 28 By reading the data from the nonvolatile RAM 54 or disk, the controller 28 displays die times that the television 12 was turned on or the particular programs tiiat are being watched. By using unique passwords for individual children, die parents can track the viewing habits of each child.
  • die application data is shown as provided to die controller 28 on a floppy disk 62, it may also be provided over the telephone lines 76, where it is received and decoded by modem 80, and then stored in RAM 52.
  • a house may have multiple consumer electronic systems in physically separate locations, such as in different rooms of the house.
  • each electronic system has its own dedicated controller with a shared disk between die multiple controllers as discussed above, a single controller may however be used in an alternate embodiment.
  • the controller is in a first room with the first consumer electronic system 10.
  • a second room mere is a second consumer electronic system 10.
  • In each of die two rooms is an IR detector and emitter.
  • the IR detector in the first room is electrically connected to die IR detector in the second room and the IR detector in die first room is electrically connected to the IR emitter in the second room.
  • a second controller remote transmitter 48 is also in the second room.
  • the IR detectors and emitters in this interconnection device are coded such that the controller can command a television in die second room by adding an identification tag to the command so that the television in die first room does not respond to the commands directed to the television in die second room.
  • the interconnection circuit Upon receipt by die IR detector, the interconnection circuit decodes the encoded command and transmits a decoded command to the second television in the second room.
  • An interface port may be added to the controller that is essentially an IR emitter and detector that is physically present in the second room but directly electrically connected to die controller in the first room.
  • the encoding decoding scheme is not required.
  • one controller 28 is used in a first room and simplified controllers 28' are used in other rooms.
  • the controller 28 is connected to the odier controllers 28' either by electrical connection or through wireless interconnection as described above.
  • the simplified controllers may be one of two configurations.
  • the simplified controllers do not have a disk drive.
  • the CPU of the simplified controller reads the television program listings or other disks by requesting the CPU of the master controller to read from disk and send the data to the second controller.
  • the simplified controller does not have a CPU, a memory system, a disk drive, an I/O card.
  • the simplified controller performs interface functions from the master controller to the electronic system.
  • the controller can be used as a crime deterrent system.
  • the controller can be programmed to turn the electronic devices on and off at predetermined times.
  • lighting fixtures having infrared detectors can also be turned on and off at preselected times.
  • a CD player or cassette player having prerecorded conversations can be played at predetermined times by turning the
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET devices on and off. An observer outside the home may be deceived into believing die house is occupied when in fact it is unoccupied.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Television Signal Processing For Recording (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
EP93911277A 1992-05-13 1993-05-12 Apparatus and methods for automatic control and monitoring of the operation of consumer electronic products. Withdrawn EP0648401A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US88229192A 1992-05-13 1992-05-13
US882291 1992-05-13
PCT/US1993/004508 WO1993023957A1 (en) 1992-05-13 1993-05-12 Apparatus and methods for automatic control and monitoring of the operation of consumer electronic products

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0648401A1 EP0648401A1 (en) 1995-04-19
EP0648401A4 true EP0648401A4 (en) 1995-05-17

Family

ID=25380281

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93911277A Withdrawn EP0648401A4 (en) 1992-05-13 1993-05-12 Apparatus and methods for automatic control and monitoring of the operation of consumer electronic products.

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0648401A4 (es)
JP (1) JPH07508388A (es)
CN (1) CN1089042A (es)
AU (1) AU4246893A (es)
MX (1) MX9302816A (es)
WO (1) WO1993023957A1 (es)

Families Citing this family (68)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5790198A (en) 1990-09-10 1998-08-04 Starsight Telecast, Inc. Television schedule information transmission and utilization system and process
US7210159B2 (en) 1994-02-18 2007-04-24 Starsight Telecast, Inc. System and method for transmitting and utilizing electronic programs guide information
EP0669761A3 (en) * 1994-02-23 1999-03-03 Hitachi, Ltd. Television signal receiving apparatus incorporating an information retrieving and reproducing apparatus
AU694521B2 (en) * 1994-05-04 1998-07-23 Starsight Telecast Incorporated Television schedule information transmission and utilization system and process
BR9408586A (pt) † 1994-05-20 1997-09-02 Tv Guide On Screen Guia eletrônico de programação de televisão
US20030213001A1 (en) 1994-11-07 2003-11-13 Index Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for transmitting and downloading setup information
US6583825B1 (en) 1994-11-07 2003-06-24 Index Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for transmitting and downloading setup information
WO1996022633A1 (de) * 1995-01-19 1996-07-25 Bauersachs, Petra Universal-controller für rundfunkempfangsgeräte und deren zusatzgeräte
EP0813791A4 (en) * 1995-03-08 1999-01-20 Gemstar Dev Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A TELEVISION TUNER
US5880768A (en) * 1995-04-06 1999-03-09 Prevue Networks, Inc. Interactive program guide systems and processes
JPH08334832A (ja) 1995-04-07 1996-12-17 Seiko Epson Corp 映像投射システム及びその位置マーク表示制御方法
US6769128B1 (en) 1995-06-07 2004-07-27 United Video Properties, Inc. Electronic television program guide schedule system and method with data feed access
US6002394A (en) 1995-10-02 1999-12-14 Starsight Telecast, Inc. Systems and methods for linking television viewers with advertisers and broadcasters
US6323911B1 (en) 1995-10-02 2001-11-27 Starsight Telecast, Inc. System and method for using television schedule information
US8850477B2 (en) 1995-10-02 2014-09-30 Starsight Telecast, Inc. Systems and methods for linking television viewers with advertisers and broadcasters
FR2741972B1 (fr) * 1995-11-30 1998-01-02 Thomson Multimedia Sa Dispositif et procede de chargement d'une interface utilisateur
US6469753B1 (en) 1996-05-03 2002-10-22 Starsight Telecast, Inc. Information system
US5969748A (en) 1996-05-29 1999-10-19 Starsight Telecast, Inc. Television schedule system with access control
US5801787A (en) 1996-06-14 1998-09-01 Starsight Telecast, Inc. Television schedule system and method of operation for multiple program occurrences
EP1036466B1 (en) 1997-07-21 2003-03-26 E Guide, Inc. Method for navigating within a television program guide having advertisements
US6141488A (en) 1997-09-05 2000-10-31 United Video Properties, Inc. Program guide system for recording television programs
US6604240B2 (en) 1997-10-06 2003-08-05 United Video Properties, Inc. Interactive television program guide system with operator showcase
US20020095676A1 (en) 1998-05-15 2002-07-18 Robert A. Knee Interactive television program guide system for determining user values for demographic categories
US6442755B1 (en) 1998-07-07 2002-08-27 United Video Properties, Inc. Electronic program guide using markup language
CN1867068A (zh) 1998-07-14 2006-11-22 联合视频制品公司 交互式电视节目导视系统及其方法
US6898762B2 (en) 1998-08-21 2005-05-24 United Video Properties, Inc. Client-server electronic program guide
TW465235B (en) 1998-09-17 2001-11-21 United Video Properties Inc Electronic program guide with digital storage
AU5775900A (en) 1999-06-29 2001-01-31 United Video Properties, Inc. Method and system for a video-on-demand-related interactive display within an interactive television application
ES2349503T3 (es) 2000-02-01 2011-01-04 United Video Properties, Inc. Métodos y sistemas para publicidad forzada.
ATE329454T1 (de) 2000-03-31 2006-06-15 United Video Properties Inc Systeme und verfahren zur verminderung von unterbrechungen in programmaufnahmen
BR0109665A (pt) 2000-03-31 2003-02-04 United Video Properties Inc Sistema e método para anúncios ligados a metadados
KR101399240B1 (ko) 2000-10-11 2014-06-02 유나이티드 비디오 프로퍼티즈, 인크. 매체 콘텐츠 배달 시스템 및 방법
US7277765B1 (en) 2000-10-12 2007-10-02 Bose Corporation Interactive sound reproducing
KR101775064B1 (ko) 2001-02-21 2017-09-06 로비 가이드스, 인크. 개인용 비디오 녹화 특징을 갖는 대화식 프로그램 가이드를 위한 시스템 및 방법
CA2676374C (en) 2001-03-22 2015-09-29 United Video Properties, Inc. Personal video recorder systems and methods
US7293276B2 (en) 2001-11-26 2007-11-06 United Video Properties, Inc. Interactive television program guide for recording enhanced video content
US6838978B2 (en) * 2002-01-09 2005-01-04 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Appliance data collecting system
US20040103434A1 (en) 2002-11-25 2004-05-27 United Video Properties, Inc. Interactive television systems with conflict management capabilities
US7493646B2 (en) 2003-01-30 2009-02-17 United Video Properties, Inc. Interactive television systems with digital video recording and adjustable reminders
US8116611B2 (en) * 2003-02-10 2012-02-14 Aptiv Digital, Inc. Tuner sharing video recorder system architecture
US20060051059A1 (en) 2004-09-08 2006-03-09 Krakirian Haig H Video recorder having user extended and automatically extended time slots
US7984468B2 (en) 2003-11-06 2011-07-19 United Video Properties, Inc. Systems and methods for providing program suggestions in an interactive television program guide
US8229283B2 (en) 2005-04-01 2012-07-24 Rovi Guides, Inc. System and method for quality marking of a recording
US9973817B1 (en) 2005-04-08 2018-05-15 Rovi Guides, Inc. System and method for providing a list of video-on-demand programs
US8640166B1 (en) 2005-05-06 2014-01-28 Rovi Guides, Inc. Systems and methods for content surfing
US7788266B2 (en) 2005-08-26 2010-08-31 Veveo, Inc. Method and system for processing ambiguous, multi-term search queries
US7646962B1 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-01-12 Guideworks, Llc System and methods for recording and playing back programs having desirable recording attributes
US9113107B2 (en) 2005-11-08 2015-08-18 Rovi Guides, Inc. Interactive advertising and program promotion in an interactive television system
US9015736B2 (en) 2005-12-29 2015-04-21 Rovi Guides, Inc. Systems and methods for episode tracking in an interactive media environment
US8214869B2 (en) 2005-12-29 2012-07-03 Rovi Guides, Inc. Systems and methods for managing a status change of a multimedia asset in multimedia delivery systems
JP2006211691A (ja) * 2006-02-10 2006-08-10 Sony Corp 送受信装置および送受信方法、受信装置および受信方法、並びに送信装置および送信方法
US7739280B2 (en) 2006-03-06 2010-06-15 Veveo, Inc. Methods and systems for selecting and presenting content based on user preference information extracted from an aggregate preference signature
US8316394B2 (en) 2006-03-24 2012-11-20 United Video Properties, Inc. Interactive media guidance application with intelligent navigation and display features
US8832742B2 (en) 2006-10-06 2014-09-09 United Video Properties, Inc. Systems and methods for acquiring, categorizing and delivering media in interactive media guidance applications
US7801888B2 (en) 2007-03-09 2010-09-21 Microsoft Corporation Media content search results ranked by popularity
JP4586830B2 (ja) * 2007-08-08 2010-11-24 ソニー株式会社 受信装置および受信方法
US8943539B2 (en) 2007-11-21 2015-01-27 Rovi Guides, Inc. Enabling a friend to remotely modify user data
US20090165049A1 (en) 2007-12-19 2009-06-25 United Video Properties, Inc. Methods and devices for presenting and interactive media guidance application
US8989561B1 (en) 2008-05-29 2015-03-24 Rovi Guides, Inc. Systems and methods for alerting users of the postponed recording of programs
US10063934B2 (en) 2008-11-25 2018-08-28 Rovi Technologies Corporation Reducing unicast session duration with restart TV
US9166714B2 (en) 2009-09-11 2015-10-20 Veveo, Inc. Method of and system for presenting enriched video viewing analytics
WO2012094564A1 (en) 2011-01-06 2012-07-12 Veveo, Inc. Methods of and systems for content search based on environment sampling
US8949901B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2015-02-03 Rovi Guides, Inc. Methods and systems for customizing viewing environment preferences in a viewing environment control application
US8805418B2 (en) 2011-12-23 2014-08-12 United Video Properties, Inc. Methods and systems for performing actions based on location-based rules
US20140195334A1 (en) 2013-01-10 2014-07-10 United Video Properties, Inc. Systems and methods for optimizing data driven media placement
US9848276B2 (en) 2013-03-11 2017-12-19 Rovi Guides, Inc. Systems and methods for auto-configuring a user equipment device with content consumption material
US9264656B2 (en) 2014-02-26 2016-02-16 Rovi Guides, Inc. Systems and methods for managing storage space
US9288521B2 (en) 2014-05-28 2016-03-15 Rovi Guides, Inc. Systems and methods for updating media asset data based on pause point in the media asset

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4519008A (en) * 1982-05-31 1985-05-21 Toshiba-Emi Limited Method of recording and reproducing visual information in audio recording medium and audio recording medium recorded with visual information
WO1985003830A1 (en) * 1984-02-23 1985-08-29 American Telephone & Telegraph Company Method and apparatus for subscription broadcast
US4723302A (en) * 1986-08-05 1988-02-02 A. C. Nielsen Company Method and apparatus for determining channel reception of a receiver
US4745549A (en) * 1985-06-11 1988-05-17 Hashimoto Corporation Method of and apparatus for optimal scheduling of television programming to maximize customer satisfaction
US4873584A (en) * 1987-07-03 1989-10-10 Hashimoto Corporation Computer control for VCR including display of record playback listing and playback order selection
US4905094A (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-02-27 Telaction Corporation System for audio/video presentation
US4908713A (en) * 1981-12-14 1990-03-13 Levine Michael R VCR Programmer
WO1990010988A1 (en) * 1989-03-09 1990-09-20 Viewfacts, Inc. A system and device for data transmission, and related method
WO1990013204A1 (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-11-01 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Interactive television terminal with programmable background audio or video
US5034935A (en) * 1988-07-15 1991-07-23 Pioneer Electronic Corporation Multi-magazine disc player

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4718107A (en) * 1986-02-14 1988-01-05 Rca Corporation Parental control for CATV converters

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4908713A (en) * 1981-12-14 1990-03-13 Levine Michael R VCR Programmer
US4519008A (en) * 1982-05-31 1985-05-21 Toshiba-Emi Limited Method of recording and reproducing visual information in audio recording medium and audio recording medium recorded with visual information
WO1985003830A1 (en) * 1984-02-23 1985-08-29 American Telephone & Telegraph Company Method and apparatus for subscription broadcast
US4745549A (en) * 1985-06-11 1988-05-17 Hashimoto Corporation Method of and apparatus for optimal scheduling of television programming to maximize customer satisfaction
US4723302A (en) * 1986-08-05 1988-02-02 A. C. Nielsen Company Method and apparatus for determining channel reception of a receiver
US4873584A (en) * 1987-07-03 1989-10-10 Hashimoto Corporation Computer control for VCR including display of record playback listing and playback order selection
US4905094A (en) * 1988-06-30 1990-02-27 Telaction Corporation System for audio/video presentation
US5034935A (en) * 1988-07-15 1991-07-23 Pioneer Electronic Corporation Multi-magazine disc player
WO1990010988A1 (en) * 1989-03-09 1990-09-20 Viewfacts, Inc. A system and device for data transmission, and related method
WO1990013204A1 (en) * 1989-04-20 1990-11-01 Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. Interactive television terminal with programmable background audio or video

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of WO9323957A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1993023957A1 (en) 1993-11-25
JPH07508388A (ja) 1995-09-14
CN1089042A (zh) 1994-07-06
AU4246893A (en) 1993-12-13
MX9302816A (es) 1994-05-31
EP0648401A1 (en) 1995-04-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0648401A4 (en) Apparatus and methods for automatic control and monitoring of the operation of consumer electronic products.
EP0604639B1 (en) Apparatus and method for identifying broadcast programs and accessing information relating thereto
CN100373945C (zh) 带有列表组的交互式电视节目指南系统
JP3732511B2 (ja) 電子的番組プログラム・タイムテーブルの作成方法および作成装置
US5949492A (en) Apparatus and methods for accessing information relating to radio television programs
US5703795A (en) Apparatus and methods for accessing information relating to radio and television programs
USRE38600E1 (en) Apparatus and methods for accessing information relating to radio television programs
JP3090272B2 (ja) Ｖｃｒスケジューリング用システムおよびプロセス
US4641205A (en) Television system scheduler with on-screen menu type programming prompting apparatus
US6341195B1 (en) Apparatus and methods for a television on-screen guide
CN1039374C (zh) 带多通道及单通道信号源的盒式磁带录像机的简化设定
US20030046696A1 (en) Broadcast terminal equipment and information supply system
JP2004104809A (ja) 電子式テレビ番組予定表装置
CN101291418A (zh) 电视广播设备和方法
JP2010119135A (ja) ビデオテープ録画メモを生成するシステムおよび方法
US20080319961A1 (en) Apparatus and methods for accessing information relating to radio and television programs
EP0755607B1 (en) Apparatus for accessing broadcast information
JPH06276501A (ja) 情報記録予約装置及び予約方法
JPH0447749A (ja) 番組案内装置
JPH11250525A (ja) 番組自動録画システムとそれに用いられる受信端末装置
EP0809899A1 (en) Apparatus and methods for accessing information relating to radio and television programs
JPH0575555A (ja) 放送番組自動選択受信方式
WO1992020188A1 (en) Apparatus and method for promoting time shifting recording of television broadcasts

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19941212

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE ES FR GB IT

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched
AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A4

Designated state(s): BE DE ES FR GB IT

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19970512

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19970923