Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
  • C09K3/30—Materials not provided for elsewhere for aerosols
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C19/00—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms
  • C07C19/08—Acyclic saturated compounds containing halogen atoms containing fluorine
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
  • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
  • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
  • C09K5/041—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems
  • C09K5/044—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds
  • C09K5/045—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa for compression-type refrigeration systems comprising halogenated compounds containing only fluorine as halogen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
  • C09K2205/22—All components of a mixture being fluoro compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
  • C09K2205/00—Aspects relating to compounds used in compression type refrigeration systems
  • C09K2205/32—The mixture being azeotropic

Definitions

• This invention relates to azeotropic compositions of pentafluoroethane and 1,1,1-trifluoroethane.
• chlorofluoro- carbons have come under scientific scrutiny, because it has been postulated that these materials because of their high stability are able to reach the stratosphere where under the influence of ultraviolet radiation release chlorine atoms which, in turn, undergo chemical reaction in the stratospheric ozone. Reduction of stratospheric ozone would increase the amount of ultraviolet radiation reaching the earth's surface.
• the present invention is directed to azeotropic compositions consisting essentially of about 5-45 weight percent, preferably about 4045 weight percent, pentafluoroethane, and 55-95 weight percent, preferably about 55-60 weight percent, 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, said composition boils at -16.9° C at about 51 psia.
• novel compositions of the present invention exhibit lower vapor pressures than either of its two fluorocarbon constituents.
• the compositions described herein resist component segregation which would seriously diminish their usefulness in the contemplated applications.
• the substantially constant boiling azeotropic compositions are especially useful as refrigerants, heating applications, aerosol propellants, gaseous dielectrics, fire extmguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.
• novel azeotropic compositions of the present invention exhibit dew and bubble points with small pressure differentials.
• the difference between dew point and bubble point pressures is an indication of the constant boiling or azeotropic behavior of mixtures.
• the pressure differentials demonstrated by the substantially constant boiling compositions of the present invention are very small when compared with those of several known nonazeotropic, binary compositions.
• compositions which contain the same components as the true azeotrope, which not only will exhibit substantially equivalent properties as the true azeotrope for refrigerant and other applications but which will also exhibit substantially equivalent properties to the true azeotropic compositions in terms of constant boiling characteristics or tendency not to segregate or fractionate on boiling at other temperatures and pressures.
• Additives that are frequently incorporated in fluorocarbon compositions that can be added to the present compositions include lubricants, corrosion inhibitors, stabilizers and dyes.
• novel substantially constant boiling azeotropic compositions of this invention are also useful as aerosol propellants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes and as power cycle working fluids.
• the fluorocarbon compositions described herein can be used to produce refrigeration by condensing the constant boiling azeotropic compositions and thereafter evaporating the compositions, e.g., condensate, in the vicinity of a body to be cooled. Further, these fluorocarbon compositions described herein can also be used to produce heat by condensing the constant boiling azeotropic compositions in the vicinity of a body to be heated and thereafter evaporating the compositions.
• substantially constant boiling azeotropic compositions of this invention eliminates the problem of component fractionation and handling in system operations because fluorocarbon compositions behave substantially as a single substance.
• the fluorocarbon compositions of the present invention have zero ozone depletion potentials compared with Refrigerant 502, which has a 0.25 ozone depletion potential.
• EXAMPLE 2 Mixtures of from 5-45 weight percent pentafluoroethane (HFC- 125) and 55-95 weight percent 1,1,1-trifluoroethane are prepared and the vapor pressure at -16.9° C and 30° C is measured. The pressures generated by the compositions are given below in Table 2.
• novel azeotropic compositions of the instant invention constituting a rather broad range of compositions and exhibit dew and bubble points with virtually no pressure differentials.
• the difference between dew point and bubble point pressures is an indication of the azeotrope-like behavior of mixtures.
• the pressure differentials demonstrated by the azeotropic mixtures of the instant invention are very small when compared with those of several known nonazeotropic, binary compositions, namely, (50+50) weight percent mixtures of pentafluoroethane (HFC-125) and 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane (HFC- 134a) and chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22) and 1- chloro-l,l-difluoroethane (HCFC-142b), respectively, illustrated below.
• HFC-125 pentafluoroethane
• HFC- 134a 1,1,1,2- tetrafluoroethane
• HCFC-22 chlorodifluoromethane
• HCFC-142b 1- chloro-l,l-difluoroethane
• Net refrigeration effect is intended to mean the change in enthalpy of the refrigerant in the evaporator, i.e., the heat removed by the refrigerant in the evaporator.
• Coefficient of performance is intended to mean the ratio of the net refrigeration effect to the compressor work. It is a measure of refrigerant energy efficiency.
• the COP of the HFC-125/HFC-143a azeotrope in the amounts shown in Table 4 is similar to the COP of Refrigerant 502, the industry refrigerant standard, and better than that of pentafluoroethane (HFC-125).
• azeotropic compositions can also be used, with Uttle or no modification to existing refrigeration equipment, which was designed originally for Refrigerant 502 use.
• the present invention also provides compositions which surprisingly also have refrigeration characteristics substantially better than that of pentafluoroethane (HFC-125), the refrigerant currently recognized by the industry as the most plausible substitute for Refrigerant 502.
• the novel azeotropic mixtures have zero ozone depletion potentials compared with Refrigerant 502, which has a 0.25 ozone depletion potential.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=25420789

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (8)

Families Citing this family (4)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 1993
  • 1993-06-22 AU AU45372/93A patent/AU4537293A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-06-22 JP JP6502429A patent/JPH07508519A/ja active Pending
  • 1993-06-22 BR BR9306782A patent/BR9306782A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-06-22 WO PCT/US1993/005721 patent/WO1994000528A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1993-06-22 EP EP93915364A patent/EP0648253A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1993-06-22 CA CA 2138249 patent/CA2138249A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-06-22 RU RU94046275/04A patent/RU94046275A/ru unknown
  • 1993-06-28 MX MX9303872A patent/MX9303872A/es unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events