EP0634607B1 - Générateur de vapeur à cyclones démontables - Google Patents

Générateur de vapeur à cyclones démontables Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0634607B1
EP0634607B1 EP94401583A EP94401583A EP0634607B1 EP 0634607 B1 EP0634607 B1 EP 0634607B1 EP 94401583 A EP94401583 A EP 94401583A EP 94401583 A EP94401583 A EP 94401583A EP 0634607 B1 EP0634607 B1 EP 0634607B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
steam generator
roof
cyclone
vaporization enclosure
enclosure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94401583A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0634607A1 (fr
Inventor
Benoît Giraud
Christophe Poussin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Areva NP SAS
Original Assignee
Framatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Framatome SA filed Critical Framatome SA
Publication of EP0634607A1 publication Critical patent/EP0634607A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0634607B1 publication Critical patent/EP0634607B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C3/04—Multiple arrangement thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/268—Steam-separating arrangements specially adapted for steam generators of nuclear power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/26—Steam-separating arrangements
    • F22B37/32—Steam-separating arrangements using centrifugal force
    • F22B37/327—Steam-separating arrangements using centrifugal force specially adapted for steam generators of nuclear power plants

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a steam generator with removable cyclones of the recirculation type used in nuclear power plants.
  • the hot water leaving the reactor (water from the primary circuit) is sent to a heat exchanger, the steam generator, where it transfers its heat to another water circuit (secondary circuit ) without direct contact with the reactor water.
  • the water in the secondary circuit vaporizes during the heat exchange and feeds a turbine.
  • Such a steam generator is generally constituted by an external pressure-resistant envelope, of great height and inside which is disposed a secondary enclosure (or vaporization enclosure) covering a bundle of tubes traversed by the primary water under pressure.
  • the secondary circuit is supplied with water in the steam generator usually at the top of the steam generator. This edible water circulates down the steam generator, outside the vaporization enclosure before entering it through its lower part to come into contact with the tube bundle and be vaporized.
  • the steam dome is provided with water and steam separation devices, allowing dry the steam before it leaves the generator.
  • These devices generally include a first stage disposed at the outlet of the vaporization enclosure and consisting of cyclone separators where a large part of the water is removed by centrifugation. They also include a second stage located above the first and formed for example of herringbone sheets.
  • Cyclones are cylindrical tubes with a spiral deflector fixed to the ends of tubular columns themselves fixed on the roof of the vaporization enclosure and communicating with this enclosure.
  • the mixture of water and steam coming from the vaporization enclosure therefore passes through the tubular columns before undergoing a first separation in the cyclones.
  • the tubular columns are partially submerged by secondary water.
  • cyclone separators of small diameter. This decrease in the diameter of the cyclones is however accompanied by an increase in their number. For example, for a steam generator with 1000 MW of thermal power operating at 75 bar, approximately 120 to 140 separators with a diameter of 200 mm are required. Furthermore, for reasons of motive load in the recirculation loop or water reserve in the steam generators, it may be necessary to set the free level of the secondary water in the steam dome at approximately 2 or 3 meters above the tube bundle. Since the cyclones must be located above this level, the tubular columns connecting the cyclones to the roof of the vaporization enclosure must be very high.
  • Cyclone separators whether each formed of a cyclone attached to the end of a tubular column welded to the roof of the vaporization enclosure or of several cyclones attached to the end of a tubular column of larger diameter welded to the roof of this enclosure (see document FR-A-2 480 905) pose maintenance problems. Indeed, such a set of separators does not allow easy access to the various cyclones to repair or simply inspect them.
  • the invention overcomes this drawback by proposing detachable cyclone separators.
  • Another aspect of the invention is to allow, thanks to the disassembly of the cyclone separators, access to the roof of the vaporization enclosure. This allows the installation of a large inspection hatch to access the bun (that is to say the curved part of the tubes) of the tube bundle.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a steam generator of the recirculation type ensuring heat transfer between a fluid circulating in a primary circuit and a fluid circulating in a secondary circuit, consisting of a pressure envelope containing a vaporization enclosure provided a roof and covering a bundle of tubes traversed by the primary fluid, the generator comprising means allowing the introduction of the secondary fluid, its circulation in the vaporization enclosure and the extraction of the vapor generated by the secondary fluid during of this circulation, steam drying means being disposed between the roof of the vaporization enclosure and the steam extraction means, these drying means comprising cyclone separators made up of cyclones fixed to first ends of tubular columns whose second ends are fixed to the roof of the vaporization enclosure by communicating with the vaporization enclosure, characterized in that each tubular column comprises a foot integral with the roof of the vaporization enclosure and a spacer tube fixed by one of its ends and detachably to said foot, the other end of the spacer tube being fixed to at least one cyclone. Said foot can
  • the cyclones are detachably attached to the tubular columns.
  • Removable fasteners can be made using cable ties. This allows rapid assembly and disassembly.
  • the steam generator may include means for supporting the cyclone separators, these support means being fixed on the roof of the vaporization enclosure.
  • the support means and the cyclone separators may have complementary elements allowing the guidance of the cyclone separators during their installation.
  • They may include a mast for receiving a tool for handling cyclone separators.
  • the roof of the vaporization enclosure can advantageously be provided with an access hatch allowing the passage of a person.
  • Figure 1 which is an axial sectional view, we see a steam generator whose external envelope 1, resistant to pressure, contains in its lower part of smaller diameter a tubular bundle 2 comprising a set of bent tubes in the shape of an inverted U. These tubes are traversed by pressurized water forming part of the primary circuit and introduced into the steam generator under the tube plate 3 through an inlet port 4. The pressurized water runs through the tubes of the tube bundle 2 then returns under the tube plate 3 to exit through the port 5.
  • the tubular bundle 2 is surrounded, up to the vicinity of its lower part, by a secondary envelope 6 constituting the vaporization enclosure inside which the mixture of secondary water and edible water in contact with the tubular bundle 2, traversed by high temperature water coming from the reactor core, gradually vaporizes while rising inside the enclosure 6.
  • the highest part of the vapor dome is provided with an orifice 7 steam outlet to the turbine.
  • a feed water supply device (not shown) makes it possible to maintain the level 8 of the secondary water in the steam generator at a certain distance above the tube bundle 2 and below the cyclones 10 communicating with the top of the 'vaporization enclosure 6 by means of tubular columns 11. These tubular columns are welded to the roof 9 of the vaporization enclosure 6 and allow communication with the interior of this enclosure. A mixture of secondary water and drinking water first passes through the space existing between the external envelope 1 and the enclosure 6 to reach the lower end of this enclosure.
  • the vapor which has left most of the entrained water, passes through the secondary separators 12 constituted by baffles allowing a more complete drying of the vapor before it exits through the orifice 7.
  • the cyclone separator shown in FIG. 2, and bearing the general reference 20, comprises a cyclone 21, a spacer tube 22 and a foot 23. Clamps 24 and 25 make it possible to ensure the removable fixing respectively between the cyclone 21 and the spacer tube 22 on the one hand, the spacer tube 22 and the tubular leg 23 on the other.
  • the lower part of the cyclone 21 has four pins 26 welded to the body of the cyclone and arranged at 90 ° from each other relative to the axis of the cyclone.
  • FIG 3 shows, in section, the lower part of the tubular column connecting a cyclone to the roof 9 of the vaporization enclosure.
  • the tubular base 23 penetrating into the roof 9 and welded to this roof by a weld bead 27 made on the internal side of the vaporization enclosure.
  • the foot 23 is detachably attached to the spacer tube 22 by the clamp 25.
  • This clamp can be a removable link of the type sold under the brand CEFILAC®. It is then composed of two conical end pieces 28 and 29, respectively welded to the spacer tube 22 and to the foot 23, of a joint and of an articulated collar shown under the common reference 30.
  • Figure 4 shows the separators with cyclones 20 installed on the roof 9 of the vaporization enclosure 6. This figure makes it possible to show the inlet orifice 13 for drinking water to which the food torus 14 is connected. Two holes 15 and 16 in the external envelope 1 allow the passage of a person in the area between the two devices for separating water and steam.
  • a support structure comprising a grid 31 itself maintained at a certain distance from the roof 9 by uprights 32 integral with this roof.
  • the support grid 31 is arranged in the lower part of the cyclones, at the level of the pins 26.
  • This support structure can also include a central mast 33 and ladders 34 allowing a person to engaging one of the holes 15 or 16 to descend to the support grid 31 and to the roof 9 of the vaporization enclosure.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an assembly or disassembly operation of the cyclone separators after partial or total emptying of the external envelope 1.
  • the loosening of the collar 24 just below the support grid 31 allows the removal of a cyclone 21 by the operator 17 placed on this grid.
  • the cyclone is removed using a handling tool carried by the central mast.
  • FIG. 6 shows the entire support structure.
  • the support grid 31 has a honeycomb structure. It consists of cells 35 for receiving the lower parts of the cyclones, these cells being mechanically connected together to form the grid 31.
  • the pins 26 (see FIG. 4) allow the cyclone separators to be centered in the cells.
  • Stops 36 facing outwards from the support structure, ensure the radial maintenance of the structure in the external envelope of the steam generator.
  • the grid 31 also supports upper uprights 37, placed approximately in alignment with the uprights 32, to which a crown 38 is fixed. This crown is located below the level of the manholes 15 and 16 (see FIG. 4) and allows the fixing of the ladders 34 and the possible installation of floors authorizing the movement of an operator for the inspection of the cyclone separator heads. It also supports stops 39 for radially holding the structure in the external envelope of the steam generator.
  • FIG. 7 corresponds to section VII-VII of Figure 4. We therefore see the spacer tubes 22 in cross section and the lower clamps 25. These clamps have been shown in more detail in several cases.
  • the part of the roof 9 of the vaporization enclosure shown in FIG. 7 includes a hatch 40 allowing a person to have access to the interior of the vaporization enclosure.
  • This hatch 40 supports in this embodiment twelve feet of tubular columns and has an area of approximately 1 m 2 . It can be fixed by screw connection on the roof 9.
  • the support structure may include a temporary cyclone storage area in order to free up sufficient space at the point of tilting.
  • spacer tubes allow disassembly and reassembly of these tubes independently of that of the cyclones. These can then remain supported on the support grid.
  • the spacer tubes are manually translated on the roof of the spray enclosure and in the areas of the ladders before being turned over and taken out through the manholes. This allows the spacer tubes to be removed without removing the cyclones which may remain in position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
EP94401583A 1993-07-12 1994-07-08 Générateur de vapeur à cyclones démontables Expired - Lifetime EP0634607B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9308559 1993-07-12
FR9308559A FR2707733B1 (fr) 1993-07-12 1993-07-12 Générateur de vapeur à cyclones démontables.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0634607A1 EP0634607A1 (fr) 1995-01-18
EP0634607B1 true EP0634607B1 (fr) 1997-12-17

Family

ID=9449178

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94401583A Expired - Lifetime EP0634607B1 (fr) 1993-07-12 1994-07-08 Générateur de vapeur à cyclones démontables

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5564370A (ko)
EP (1) EP0634607B1 (ko)
JP (1) JP3574183B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR100323145B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1044280C (ko)
DE (1) DE69407353T2 (ko)
FR (1) FR2707733B1 (ko)
TW (1) TW301393U (ko)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1153653A1 (en) * 2000-05-11 2001-11-14 Methanol Casale S.A. Reactor for exothermic or endothermic heterogeneous reactions
EP1221339A1 (en) * 2001-01-05 2002-07-10 Methanol Casale S.A. Catalytic reactor with heat exchanger for exothermic and endothermic heterogeneous chemical reactions
US8670514B2 (en) * 2007-12-14 2014-03-11 Westinghouse Electric Company Llc Hatch mechanical locking system
DE102009050087B4 (de) 2009-10-20 2011-12-22 Areva Np Gmbh Zyklonabscheider zur Phasenseparation eines Mehrphasen-Fluidstroms, Dampfturbinenanlage mit einem Zyklonabscheider und zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren
DE102010030438A1 (de) * 2010-06-23 2011-12-29 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Erfassung einer Eigenschaft eines strömenden fluiden Mediums
FR3002274B1 (fr) 2013-02-15 2015-02-20 Commissariat Energie Atomique Installation de production d'electricite comportant un dispositif de production de vapeur d'eau de hauteur reduite, application aux reacteurs rep et reb
CN104014202B (zh) * 2014-05-15 2016-02-03 华东理工大学 压水堆核电站蒸汽发生器中组合汽-液分离方法及装置
CN106369582B (zh) * 2016-08-29 2019-02-12 东方电气(广州)重型机器有限公司 一种干燥器
FR3100920B1 (fr) * 2019-09-16 2021-10-01 Framatome Sa Méthode et ensemble de réparation d’un générateur de vapeur d’un réacteur nucléaire

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1227128A (ko) * 1967-04-24 1971-04-07
GB1233347A (ko) * 1967-04-24 1971-05-26
DE2259076C3 (de) * 1972-12-02 1975-10-30 Gutehoffnungshuette Sterkrade Ag, 4200 Oberhausen Dampferzeuger
FR2394750A1 (fr) * 1977-06-15 1979-01-12 Commissariat Energie Atomique Generateur de vapeur
GB2064734B (en) * 1979-12-04 1982-10-13 Breda Termomeccanica Spa Steam generator
FR2480905A1 (fr) * 1980-04-18 1981-10-23 Framatome Sa Dispositif de separation d'eau et de vapeur a la sortie d'enceinte de vaporisation d'un generateur de vapeur
US4783204A (en) * 1986-08-05 1988-11-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus and method for drying steam

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0634607A1 (fr) 1995-01-18
JP3574183B2 (ja) 2004-10-06
KR950003687A (ko) 1995-02-17
FR2707733A1 (fr) 1995-01-20
US5564370A (en) 1996-10-15
DE69407353D1 (de) 1998-01-29
JPH07174302A (ja) 1995-07-14
TW301393U (en) 1997-03-21
KR100323145B1 (ko) 2002-05-13
DE69407353T2 (de) 1998-06-18
FR2707733B1 (fr) 1995-09-01
CN1044280C (zh) 1999-07-21
CN1123449A (zh) 1996-05-29

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