EP0633998B1 - Method and device for percussive cleaning of objects - Google Patents

Method and device for percussive cleaning of objects Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0633998B1
EP0633998B1 EP94907510A EP94907510A EP0633998B1 EP 0633998 B1 EP0633998 B1 EP 0633998B1 EP 94907510 A EP94907510 A EP 94907510A EP 94907510 A EP94907510 A EP 94907510A EP 0633998 B1 EP0633998 B1 EP 0633998B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
percussive
pressure
striker
chamber
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP94907510A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0633998A1 (en
Inventor
Gustav Thönes
Ulrich Rottländer
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Hitachi Zosen Inova Steinmueller GmbH
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L&C Steinmueller GmbH
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Publication of EP0633998A1 publication Critical patent/EP0633998A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B7/00—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass
    • B08B7/02—Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other subclass or a single group in this subclass by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G7/00—Cleaning by vibration or pressure waves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device of the type mentioned in the preambles of claim 1 and claim 4, respectively.
  • the plunger referred to there as the transmission element is provided with an equalizing channel connecting the space under process pressure and the pressure space accommodating a compression spring.
  • the plunger is also provided with a ring collar.
  • the compensation space receiving the spring can be connected to an externally operated gas pressure compensation device.
  • the pressure equalization takes place in the area of the tappet, so that the tappet must have a relatively complicated design.
  • the free space delimited by one end of the knocking element and by the percussion drive is connected to the atmosphere.
  • the striking element protrudes on one side from the mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically operated impact device.
  • This object is achieved in that, at least during the acceleration of the striking element, the two ends of the striking element are kept under one and the same pressure, which essentially corresponds to the pressure in the process space.
  • the tapping element can be held under spring elastic prestress by at least one spring or by pneumatic action.
  • the invention is also directed to a tapping device for the tapping cleaning of objects arranged in a pressurized process space, with a housing, an elongated tapping element which engages through the wall of the process space and is acted upon by a pretensioning device and is guided in the housing in a sealed manner with a percussion drive including an elongated percussion element aligned with the tapping element, one end of the tapping element and the associated end of the Percussion element protrude into a free space of the housing in such a way that when the percussion drive is at rest, the two ends are at a distance which is dependent on the available percussion energy.
  • This device is according to the invention characterized in that the tapping element is substantially straight cylindrical and that the end of the percussion element which projects from the percussion drive is not surrounded by a compensation space which is in communication with the free space in the housing and with an essentially the Process pressure corresponding pressure is applied.
  • connection of the free space with the compensation space can be achieved via a connecting line lying outside the housing or through at least one compensation channel which is led through the impact element.
  • the spring is arranged in the free space, so that the free space serves both to accommodate the spring and to provide the acceleration path required for actuating the device.
  • an annular space which can be acted upon by a sealing gas brought up through the housing is provided behind a seal assigned to the spring-loaded end of the knocking element.
  • the barrier gas can be the same gas, e.g. Nitrogen, as it is used to act on the free space and the compensation space.
  • This sealing gas can be held in the annular space by a further seal arranged behind the annular space as seen in the knocking direction and / or can flow out through a gas-permeable filter in the direction of the knocking end of the knocking element.
  • the housing at its end facing the object is provided with a guide collar surrounding the knocking element at a distance, the free end of which guides the knocking element still at a distance from the wall delimiting the process space.
  • the free space and the compensation space are preferably subjected to a lower pressure than the annular space.
  • the compensating pressure which acts on the striking element should essentially correspond to the process pressure. This means that the compensating pressure should not deviate to a large extent from the process pressure, since otherwise the striking element, which is held operationally under the influence of the spring on the object to be cleaned, is subjected to an additional force.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows, as the object to be cleaned, a heating surface 1 constructed from pipes, which is arranged in the pressure vessel 2 of a coal gasification plant.
  • the heating surface is flowed at least from the outside by dust-laden gas G.
  • a nozzle 3 with mounting flange 3a is provided for fastening the knocking device 4.
  • the knocking device 4 has a housing 5 with a mounting flange 5a, via which it is screwed to the connecting piece.
  • An essentially straight-cylindrical tapping element 6 is mounted in the housing 5 so as to be axially displaceable.
  • the conically tapered knocking end 6a lies against the heating surface 1 under the action of a compression spring 7, which is supported on the other end 6b of the knocking element on the one hand and on a step 5a on the housing side.
  • the end 6b projects into a free space 8 provided in the housing, which also receives the spring.
  • a striking device 9 is detachably connected, which in FIG. 1 is designed as a double-acting pneumatic piston cylinder drive.
  • the piston rod 10 protrudes from the cylinder 11 with its two ends 10a and 10b. Knocking element 6 and piston rod 10 are aligned with one another and lie in the same axis.
  • the end 10a of the piston rod 10 also projects into the free space 8.
  • the other end 10b of the piston rod is surrounded by a pressure compensation housing 12 which delimits a compensation chamber 13.
  • the free space 8 and the compensation space 13 are connected to one another via a line 14 connected to each other, which in turn is connected to a pressure source 16, preferably N 2 source, via a pressure control valve 15.
  • a channel 17 is provided in the housing 5, which extends to an annular space 18 formed in the guide section 5c of the housing and is also connected to the pressure source 16 via a control valve 15 '.
  • a multi-part seal 19 is provided in addition to the annular space 18.
  • a compact seal 20 and then a metal mesh ring 21 acting as a filter are provided on the other side of the annular space 18, seen in the knock direction.
  • the sealing effect of the seals 19 and 20 is set so that the gas supplied via the channel 17 cannot flow out via the seal 19, but can specifically flow out via the components 20 and 21 into the space under process pressure P 2 .
  • the housing 5 is provided at its end facing the heating surface with a guide collar 5d which surrounds the tapping element 6 at a distance and at the free end of which a ring component 22 which surrounds the tapping element and guides it is arranged.
  • a control device 23 is provided, to which a control signal derived from the process pressure P 1 via a measuring device 25 is supplied.
  • the valve 15 is regulated so that a pressure corresponding to the process pressure P 2 is set in the free space 8 and in the compensation space 13.
  • the contact force of the knocking element 6 on the heating surface 1 is then essentially determined solely by the force of the spring 7.
  • the channel 17 is connected directly to the connecting line 14, so that the control device 23 controls only the control valve 15.
  • the required pressure equalization to the tank pressure P2 is not achieved by a special application and design of the knocking element, but by a simple design and operation of the percussion drive.
  • a sealing gas in the area of the tappet via the annular space 18 a directed leakage in the direction of the interior of the pressure vessel 2 is achieved, so that the entire knocking space is rendered inert. This has a corrosion-inhibiting effect.
  • the seal provided for dust filtering is kept free by the leakage flow.
  • the pressure equalization between the free space 8 in the housing 5 does not take place via the in the FIG. 1 and 2 from the outlet of the valve 15 branching and leading to the pressure equalization space 13 branch of the line 14, but via a pressure equalization channel which leads from the end 10a of the piston rod 10 to the end 10b of the piston rod.
  • This pressure compensation channel consists of radial bores 10d and the channel 10e, which preferably extends axially in the center through the piston rod 10.
  • a pressure transducer 24 is arranged on the pressure compensation housing 12 and can detect the shortening of the knocking element 6 by detecting the displacement of the end position of the piston rod of the actuated piston cylinder drive. This is shown schematically in FIG. 4 shown.
  • Inductive or capacitive proximity sensors arranged from outside the housing 12 are suitable as measuring sensors. It is also conceivable to provide photoelectric arrangements within the pressure space 13. It is also possible to arrange a mechanical-electrical measuring pin as a limit switch within the pressure chamber.
  • the knocking element must be replaced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)

Abstract

Method and device for percussive cleaning of objects (1) arranged in a zone subjected to a processing pressure, in which an elongate percussive element (6) is held under and against the object to be cleaned, and percussive energy is applied by means of an accelerated elongate striker (9, 10). In order to achieve easier balancing of the pressure, at least during the acceleration of the striker, the two ends of the latter are maintained at the same pressure, which essentially corresponds to the pressure in the process zone.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der in den Oberbegriffen des Anspruches 1 bzw. des Anspruches 4 genannten Art.The invention relates to a method and a device of the type mentioned in the preambles of claim 1 and claim 4, respectively.

Eine solche Verfahrensführung und eine solche Vorrichtung sind aus der aus der DE-PS 31 27 734 bekannt. Der dort als Übertragungselement bezeichnete Stößel ist mit einem den unter Prozeßdruck stehenden Raum und den eine Druckfeder aufnehmenden Druckraum verbindenden Ausgleichskanal versehen. Weiterhin ist der Stößel mit einem Ringbund versehen. Anstelle des Druckausgleichskanales kann der die Feder aufnehmende Ausgleichsraum mit einer extern betriebenen Gasdruckausgleichseinrichtung verbunden sein. Bei beiden Ausführungsformen der bekannten Klopfeinrichtung erfolgt der Druckausgleich also im Bereich des Stößels, so daß dieser eine relativ komplizierte Bauart aufweisen muß.Such a procedure and such a device are known from DE-PS 31 27 734. The plunger referred to there as the transmission element is provided with an equalizing channel connecting the space under process pressure and the pressure space accommodating a compression spring. The plunger is also provided with a ring collar. Instead of the pressure compensation channel, the compensation space receiving the spring can be connected to an externally operated gas pressure compensation device. In both embodiments of the known knocking device, the pressure equalization takes place in the area of the tappet, so that the tappet must have a relatively complicated design.

Bei der Ausführungsform mit Ausgleichskanal zu dem unter Prozeßdruck stehenden Raum besteht die Gefahr, daß bei Vorhandensein von staubhaltigen Gasen im Prozeßraum Verschmutzungen in den Federaufnahmeraum eingetragen werden. Bei beiden Ausführungsformen ist der von dem einen Ende des Klopfelementes und vom dem Schlagantrieb begrenzte Freiraum mit der Atmosphäre verbunden. Das Schlagelement ragt einseitig aus der mechanisch, pneumatisch oder hydraulisch betriebenen Schlageinrichtung hervor.In the embodiment with a compensating channel to the space under process pressure, there is a risk that, in the presence of dust-containing gases in the process space, contaminants will be introduced into the spring receiving space. In both embodiments, the free space delimited by one end of the knocking element and by the percussion drive is connected to the atmosphere. The striking element protrudes on one side from the mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically operated impact device.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Verfahren der vorstehend genannten Art anzugeben, bei dem der Druckausgleich auf einfache Weise erfolgt.It is therefore the object of the present invention to specify a method of the type mentioned above, in which the pressure equalization takes place in a simple manner.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß zumindest während der Beschleunigung des Schlagelementes die beiden Enden des Schlagelementes unter ein und demselben Druck gehalten werden, der im wesentlichen dem Druck im Prozeßraum entspricht.This object is achieved in that, at least during the acceleration of the striking element, the two ends of the striking element are kept under one and the same pressure, which essentially corresponds to the pressure in the process space.

Auf diese Weise wird der erforderliche Druckausgleich nicht mehr im Bereich des Klopfelementes durchgeführt, sondern im Bereich der mechanisch, pneumatisch oder hydraulisch betriebenen Schlageinrichtung, so daß keine Verschmutzungen über einen freien Ausgleichskanal in die Federkammer eingetragen werden, was sehr schnell zu Betriebsstörungen führen könnte; weiterhin wird eine einfachere Gestaltung des Klopfelementes möglich. Das Klopfelement kann unter federelastischer Vorspannung durch mindestens eine Feder in Anlage gehalten sein oder durch pneumatische Beaufschlagung.In this way, the required pressure equalization is no longer carried out in the area of the knocking element, but in the area of the mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically operated impact device, so that no contamination is introduced into the spring chamber via a free equalization channel, which could very quickly lead to malfunctions; a simpler design of the tapping element is also possible. The tapping element can be held under spring elastic prestress by at least one spring or by pneumatic action.

Weitere Unteransprüche richten sich auf vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Verfahrens.Further subclaims are directed to advantageous refinements of the method.

Die Erfindung richtet sich auch auf eine Klopfvorrichtung zum klopfenden Reinigen von in einem unter Druck stehenden Prozeßraum angeordneten Gegenständen, mit einem Gehäuse, einem durch die Wandung des Prozeßraumes greifenden und unter Beaufschlagung durch eine Vorspannungseinrichtung an dem Gegenstand anliegenden und abgedichtet im Gehäuse geführten länglichen Klopfelement und mit einem Schlagantrieb einschließlich eines auf das Klopfelement ausgerichteten länglichen Schlagelementes, wobei das eine Endes des Klopfelementes und das zugeordnete Ende des Schlagelementes in einen Freiraum des Gehäuses hineinragen derart, daß im Ruhezustand des Schlagantriebes die beiden Enden einen von der verfügbaren Schlagenergie abhängigen Abstand aufweisen.The invention is also directed to a tapping device for the tapping cleaning of objects arranged in a pressurized process space, with a housing, an elongated tapping element which engages through the wall of the process space and is acted upon by a pretensioning device and is guided in the housing in a sealed manner with a percussion drive including an elongated percussion element aligned with the tapping element, one end of the tapping element and the associated end of the Percussion element protrude into a free space of the housing in such a way that when the percussion drive is at rest, the two ends are at a distance which is dependent on the available percussion energy.

Diese Vorrichtung ist erfindungsgemäß dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Klopfelement im wesentlichen geradzylindrisch ausgebildet ist und daß das nicht dem Klopfelement zugewandte Ende des aus dem Schlagantrieb hervorragenden Schlagelementes von einem Ausgleichsraum umgeben ist, der mit dem Freiraum im Gehäuse in Verbindung steht und mit einem im wesentlichen dem Prozeßdruck entsprechenden Druck beaufschlagt ist.This device is according to the invention characterized in that the tapping element is substantially straight cylindrical and that the end of the percussion element which projects from the percussion drive is not surrounded by a compensation space which is in communication with the free space in the housing and with an essentially the Process pressure corresponding pressure is applied.

Die Verbindung des Freiraums mit dem Ausgleichsraum kann über eine außerhalb des Gehäuses liegende Verbindungsleitung erreicht werden oder durch mindestens einen durch das Schlagelement hindurchgeführten Ausgleichskanal.The connection of the free space with the compensation space can be achieved via a connecting line lying outside the housing or through at least one compensation channel which is led through the impact element.

Bei bevorzugter Beaufschlagung des Klopfelementes durch eine Feder ist diese in dem Freiraum angeordnet, so daß der Freiraum sowohl der Aufnahme der Feder als auch der Bereitstellung des für die Betätigung der Vorrichtung erforderlichen Beschleunigungsweges dient.When the tapping element is preferably acted upon by a spring, the spring is arranged in the free space, so that the free space serves both to accommodate the spring and to provide the acceleration path required for actuating the device.

Weiterhin ist vorgesehen, daß in Klopfrichtung gesehen hinter einer dem federbeaufschlagten Ende des Klopfelementes zugeordneten Dichtung ein mit einem durch das Gehäuse herangeführten Sperrgas beaufschlagbarer Ringraum vorgesehen ist. Das Sperrgas kann dasselbe Gas sein, z.B. Stickstoff, wie es zur Beaufschlagung des Freiraumes und des Ausgleichsraumes verwandt wird.Furthermore, it is provided that, viewed in the knocking direction, an annular space which can be acted upon by a sealing gas brought up through the housing is provided behind a seal assigned to the spring-loaded end of the knocking element. The barrier gas can be the same gas, e.g. Nitrogen, as it is used to act on the free space and the compensation space.

Dieses Sperrgas kann durch eine in Klopfrichtung gesehen hinter dem Ringraum angeordnete weitere Dichtung in dem Ringraum gehalten werden und/oder durch einen gasdurchlässigen Filter in Richtung auf das Klopfende des Klopfelementes abströmen.This sealing gas can be held in the annular space by a further seal arranged behind the annular space as seen in the knocking direction and / or can flow out through a gas-permeable filter in the direction of the knocking end of the knocking element.

Weiterhin ist es zweckmäßig, daß das Gehäuse an seinem dem Gegenstand zugewandten Ende mit einem das Klopfelement mit Abstand umgebenden Führungskragen versehen ist, dessen freies Ende das Klopfelement noch mit Abstand von der den Prozeßraum begrenzenden Wand führt.Furthermore, it is expedient that the housing at its end facing the object is provided with a guide collar surrounding the knocking element at a distance, the free end of which guides the knocking element still at a distance from the wall delimiting the process space.

Vorzugsweise werden der Freiraum und der Ausgleichsraum mit einem niedrigeren Druck als der Ringraum beaufschlagt. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, Freiraum, Ausgleichsraum und Ringraum mit dem gleichen Druck zu beaufschlagen, wenn dieser etwas größer ist als der Prozeßdruck. In diesem Zusammenhang muß darauf hingewiesen werden, daß in den Ansprüchen und in der Beschreibung davon gesprochen wird, daß der Ausgleichsdruck, der auf das Schlagelement einwirkt, im wesentlichen dem Prozeßdruck entsprechen soll. Dieses bedeutet, daß der Ausgleichsdruck nicht in großem Maße von dem Prozeßdruck abweichen soll, da sonst das Schlagelement, das betriebsmäßig unter Einfluß der Feder an dem zu reinigenden Gegenstand gehalten wird, mit einer zusätzlichen Kraft beaufschlagt wird.The free space and the compensation space are preferably subjected to a lower pressure than the annular space. However, it is also possible to apply the same pressure to the free space, compensation space and annular space if this is somewhat greater than the process pressure. In this connection it should be pointed out that the claims and the description speak of the fact that the compensating pressure which acts on the striking element should essentially correspond to the process pressure. This means that the compensating pressure should not deviate to a large extent from the process pressure, since otherwise the striking element, which is held operationally under the influence of the spring on the object to be cleaned, is subjected to an additional force.

Die Erfindung soll nun anhand der beigefügten Figuren näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen

FIG. 1
einen Schnitt durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, bei der der Ausgleichsdruck sich von dem Druck des Sperrgases unterscheidet
FIG. 2
eine Vorrichtung, bei der Ausgleichsdruck gleich dem Sperrdruck ist,
FIG. 3
eine Ausführungsform vergleichbar FIG. 1 und 2, wobei jedoch der Druckausgleich zwischen dem Ausgleichsraum und dem Freiraum nicht durch eine außenliegende Ausgleichsleitung, sondern durch einen Ausgleichskanal im Schlagelement erfolgt und wobei die Endstellung des Schlagelements bei aktiviertem Schlagantrieb durch einen Positionsmeßaufnehmer erfaßbar ist und
FIG. 4
eine Teildarstellung der Anordnung gemäß FIG. 3 mit einem an seinem Klopfende verformten Klopfelement und dem sich in Schlagposition befindlichen Schlagelement.
The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it
FIG. 1
a section through the device according to the invention, in which the compensating pressure differs from the pressure of the sealing gas
FIG. 2nd
a device with equalizing pressure equal to the barrier pressure,
FIG. 3rd
an embodiment comparable to FIG. 1 and 2, whereby, however, the pressure equalization between the equalizing space and the free space does not take place through an external equalizing line, but through an equalizing channel in the impact element, and the end position of the impact element at activated percussion drive can be detected by a position sensor and
FIG. 4th
a partial view of the arrangement of FIG. 3 with a tapping element deformed at its tapping end and the percussion element in the striking position.

In der FIG. 1 ist als zu reinigender Gegenstand schematisch eine aus Rohren aufgebaute Heizfläche 1 dargestellt, die in dem Druckbehälter 2 einer Kohlevergasungsanlage angeordnet ist. Die Heizfläche wird zumindest von außen von staubbeladenem Gas G beströmt.In FIG. 1 schematically shows, as the object to be cleaned, a heating surface 1 constructed from pipes, which is arranged in the pressure vessel 2 of a coal gasification plant. The heating surface is flowed at least from the outside by dust-laden gas G.

An der Wandung des Druckbehälters 2 ist ein Stutzen 3 mit Montageflansch 3a zur Befestigung der Klopfeinrichtung 4 vorgesehen. Die Klopfeinrichtung 4 weist ein Gehäuse 5 mit Montageflansch 5a auf, über den sie mit dem Stutzen verschraubt wird. In dem Gehäuse 5 ist ein im wesentlichen geradzylindrisches Klopfelement 6 axial verschieblich gelagert. Das konisch verjüngte Klopfende 6a liegt an der Heizfläche 1 unter Beaufschlagung durch eine Druckfeder 7 an, die sich auf dem anderen Ende 6b des Klopfelementes einerseits und auf einer gehäuseseitigen Stufe 5a abstützt. Das Ende 6b ragt in einen in dem Gehäuse vorsehenen Freiraum 8 hinein, der auch die Feder aufnimmt.On the wall of the pressure vessel 2, a nozzle 3 with mounting flange 3a is provided for fastening the knocking device 4. The knocking device 4 has a housing 5 with a mounting flange 5a, via which it is screwed to the connecting piece. An essentially straight-cylindrical tapping element 6 is mounted in the housing 5 so as to be axially displaceable. The conically tapered knocking end 6a lies against the heating surface 1 under the action of a compression spring 7, which is supported on the other end 6b of the knocking element on the one hand and on a step 5a on the housing side. The end 6b projects into a free space 8 provided in the housing, which also receives the spring.

Mit dem Gehäuse 5 ist eine Schlageinrichtung 9 lösbar verbunden, die bei der FIG. 1 als doppelt wirkender pneumatischer Kolbenzylinderantrieb ausgebildet ist. Die Kolbenstange 10 ragt mit ihren beiden Enden 10a und 10b aus dem Zylinder 11 hervor. Klopfelement 6 und Kolbenstange 10 sind aufeinander ausgerichtet und liegen in derselben Achse. Das Ende 10a der Kolbenstange 10 ragt ebenfalls in den Freiraum 8 hinein. Das andere Ende 10b der Kolbenstange ist von einem Druckausgleichsgehäuse 12 umgeben, das eine Ausgleichskammer 13 begrenzt. Der Freiraum 8 und der Ausgleichsraum 13 sind miteinander über eine Leitung 14 miteinander verbunden, die ihrerseits über ein Druckregelventil 15 mit einer Druckquelle 16 verbunden ist, vorzugsweise N2-Quelle.With the housing 5, a striking device 9 is detachably connected, which in FIG. 1 is designed as a double-acting pneumatic piston cylinder drive. The piston rod 10 protrudes from the cylinder 11 with its two ends 10a and 10b. Knocking element 6 and piston rod 10 are aligned with one another and lie in the same axis. The end 10a of the piston rod 10 also projects into the free space 8. The other end 10b of the piston rod is surrounded by a pressure compensation housing 12 which delimits a compensation chamber 13. The free space 8 and the compensation space 13 are connected to one another via a line 14 connected to each other, which in turn is connected to a pressure source 16, preferably N 2 source, via a pressure control valve 15.

In dem Gehäuse 5 ist ein Kanal 17 vorgesehen, der sich zu einem im Führungsabschnitt 5c des Gehäuses ausgebildeten Ringraum 18 hin erstreckt und über ein Regelventil 15' ebenfalls mit der Druckquelle 16 verbunden ist. Auf dem dem Ende 6b zugeordneten Abschnitt des Klopfelementes 6 ist neben dem Ringraum 18 eine mehrteilige Dichtung 19 vorgesehen. Auf der in Klopfrichtung gesehen anderen Seite des Ringraumes 18 ist zunächst eine Kompaktdichtung 20 und dann ein als Filter wirkenden Metallgewebering 21 vorgesehen. Dabei ist die Dichtwirkung der Dichtungen 19 und 20 so eingestellt, daß das über den Kanal 17 herangeführte Gas nicht über die Dichtung 19 abströmen kann, sondern gezielt über die Bauteile 20 und 21 in den unter Prozeßdruck P2 stehenden Raum abströmen kann.A channel 17 is provided in the housing 5, which extends to an annular space 18 formed in the guide section 5c of the housing and is also connected to the pressure source 16 via a control valve 15 '. On the section of the tapping element 6 assigned to the end 6b, a multi-part seal 19 is provided in addition to the annular space 18. On the other side of the annular space 18, seen in the knock direction, a compact seal 20 and then a metal mesh ring 21 acting as a filter are provided. The sealing effect of the seals 19 and 20 is set so that the gas supplied via the channel 17 cannot flow out via the seal 19, but can specifically flow out via the components 20 and 21 into the space under process pressure P 2 .

Das Gehäuse 5 ist an seinem der Heizfläche zugewandten Ende mit einem Führungskragen 5d versehen, der das Klopfelement 6 mit Abstand umgreift und an dessen freiem Ende ein das Klopfelement umschließender und dieses führende Ringbauteil 22 angeordnet ist. Zur Ansteuerung der Regelventile 15 und 15' ist ein Steuergerät 23 vorgesehen, dem ein aus dem Prozeßdruck P1 über ein Meßgerät 25 abgeleitetes Steuersignal zugeführt wird. Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß FIG. 1 wird das Ventil 15 so geregelt, daß in dem Freiraum 8 und in dem Ausgleichsraum 13 ein dem Prozeßdruck P2 entsprechender Druck eingestellt wird. Die Anlagekraft des Klopfelementes 6 an der Heizfläche 1 wird dann im wesentlichen alleine durch die Kraft der Feder 7 bestimmt. Bei Beschleunigung des Kolbens längs des Weges aus seiner in FIG. 1 dargestellten Ruhestellung bis zum Auftreffen auf die Stirnfläche des Endes 6b erfolgt ein Druckausgleich zwischen den Räumen 8 und 13 über die Leitung 14. Der im Ringraum 18 herrschende Druck wird vom Kontrollgerät 23 entsprechend einem Druck Δ p über Regelventil 15' etwas höher eingestellt als der Prozeßdruck P2.
Zusammengefaßt: P2 = P8 = P13 und P18 etwas größer als P2.The housing 5 is provided at its end facing the heating surface with a guide collar 5d which surrounds the tapping element 6 at a distance and at the free end of which a ring component 22 which surrounds the tapping element and guides it is arranged. To control the control valves 15 and 15 ', a control device 23 is provided, to which a control signal derived from the process pressure P 1 via a measuring device 25 is supplied. In the embodiment according to FIG. 1, the valve 15 is regulated so that a pressure corresponding to the process pressure P 2 is set in the free space 8 and in the compensation space 13. The contact force of the knocking element 6 on the heating surface 1 is then essentially determined solely by the force of the spring 7. When the piston accelerates along the path from its in FIG. 1 shown rest position until it strikes the end face of the end 6b, there is a pressure equalization between the spaces 8 and 13 via the line 14. The pressure prevailing in the annular space 18 is somewhat from the control device 23 corresponding to a pressure Δ p via control valve 15 ' set higher than the process pressure P 2 .
In summary: P 2 = P 8 = P 13 and P 18 slightly larger than P 2 .

Bei der in FIG. 2 gezeigten Ausführungsform ist der Kanal 17 direkt mit der Verbindungsleitung 14 verbunden, so daß das Steuergerät 23 nur das Regelventil 15 ansteuert. In diesem Falle gilt: P8 = P13 = P18 und P2 etwas kleiner als P8.In the case of FIG. 2 embodiment shown, the channel 17 is connected directly to the connecting line 14, so that the control device 23 controls only the control valve 15. In this case: P 8 = P 13 = P 18 and P 2 slightly smaller than P 8 .

Bei der Ausführungsform gemäß FIG. 2 könnte auf die Feder 7 verzichtet werden, da wegen des Δ p zum Druck P2 für eine Anlage des Klopfelementes 6 an der Heizfläche 1 gesorgt wird. Wegen etwaiger Druckschwankungen im Prozeßraum sollte jedoch eine Feder 7 vorhanden sein.In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 could be dispensed with the spring 7, because due to the Δ p to the pressure P 2, the knocking element 6 is brought into contact with the heating surface 1. Because of possible pressure fluctuations in the process space, however, a spring 7 should be present.

Aus der Beschreibung der Figuren ist ersichtlich, daß der erforderliche Druckausgleich zum Behälterdruck P2 hin nicht über eine besondere Beaufschlagung und Gestaltung des Klopfelementes erreicht wird, sondern über eine einfache Gestaltung und Betriebsweise des Schlagantriebes. Durch die gezielte Aufgabe eines Sperrgases in den Bereich des Stößels über den Ringraum 18 wird eine gerichtete Leckage in Richtung auf das Innere des Druckbehälters 2 erreicht, so daß eine Inertisierung des gesamten Klopfraumes erreicht wird. Dies wirkt korrosionshemmend. Weiterhin wird durch den Leckagestrom die für eine Staubfilterung vorgesehene Dichtung freigehalten.From the description of the figures it can be seen that the required pressure equalization to the tank pressure P2 is not achieved by a special application and design of the knocking element, but by a simple design and operation of the percussion drive. Through the targeted application of a sealing gas in the area of the tappet via the annular space 18, a directed leakage in the direction of the interior of the pressure vessel 2 is achieved, so that the entire knocking space is rendered inert. This has a corrosion-inhibiting effect. Furthermore, the seal provided for dust filtering is kept free by the leakage flow.

Bei der in den FIG. 3 und 4 gezeigten Ausführungsform erfolgt der Druckausgleich zwischen dem freien Raum 8 im Gehäuse 5 nicht über den in den FIG. 1 und 2 vom Auslaß des Ventils 15 abzweigenden und zum Druckausgleichsraum 13 führenden Teilzweig der Leitung 14, sondern über einen Druckausgleichskanal der von dem Ende 10a der Kolbenstange 10 zum Ende 10b der Kolbenstange führt. Dieser Druckausgleichskanal besteht aus Radialbohrungen 10d und dem sich vorzugsweise axial mittig durch die Kolbenstange 10 erstreckenden Kanal 10e.When in the FIG. 3 and 4 shown embodiment, the pressure equalization between the free space 8 in the housing 5 does not take place via the in the FIG. 1 and 2 from the outlet of the valve 15 branching and leading to the pressure equalization space 13 branch of the line 14, but via a pressure equalization channel which leads from the end 10a of the piston rod 10 to the end 10b of the piston rod. This pressure compensation channel consists of radial bores 10d and the channel 10e, which preferably extends axially in the center through the piston rod 10.

In der FIG. 3 ist die Kolbenstange 10 mit ihrem Kolben 10c durch die Feder 7 in ihre rechte Endstellung verschoben. Bei Aktivierung des Kolbenzylinderantriebes wird die Kolbenstange bis zum Anschlag an das Klopfelement 6 in der FIG. 3 nach links beschleunigt.In FIG. 3, the piston rod 10 with its piston 10c is displaced into its right end position by the spring 7. When the piston-cylinder drive is activated, the piston rod is pressed against the knock element 6 in FIG. 3 accelerated to the left.

Wie aus der FIG. 4 ersichtlich ist kann im Laufe des Betriebes in Folge häufiger Klopfbewegungen sich das Arbeitsende des Klopfelementes 6 verformen, d. h. die Endlage des rechten Endes 10b verschiebt sich in die FIG. 3 und 4 in entsprechendem Umfang nach links.As shown in FIG. 4 can be seen in the course of operation as a result of frequent tapping movements, the working end of the tapping element 6 deform, d. H. the end position of the right end 10b shifts to FIG. 3 and 4 to the left accordingly.

Es ist am Druckausgleichsgehäuse 12 ein Meßwertaufnehmer 24 angeordnet, der die Verkürzung des Klopfelementes 6 durch Erfassung der Verschiebung der Endposition der Kolbenstange des beaufschlagten Kolbenzylinderantriebes erfassen kann. Dies ist in schematischer Weise in FIG. 4 dargestellt. Als Meßwertaufnehmer eignen sich von außerhalb des Gehäuses 12 angeordnete induktive oder kapazitive Näherungsinitiatoren. Auch ist es denkbar, innerhalb des Druckraums 13 fotoelektrische Anordnungen vorzusehen. Auch ist es möglich, innerhalb des Druckraums einen mechanischelektrischen Meßstift als Endschalter anzuordnen.A pressure transducer 24 is arranged on the pressure compensation housing 12 and can detect the shortening of the knocking element 6 by detecting the displacement of the end position of the piston rod of the actuated piston cylinder drive. This is shown schematically in FIG. 4 shown. Inductive or capacitive proximity sensors arranged from outside the housing 12 are suitable as measuring sensors. It is also conceivable to provide photoelectric arrangements within the pressure space 13. It is also possible to arrange a mechanical-electrical measuring pin as a limit switch within the pressure chamber.

Wenn das Ausgangssignal des Näherungsinitiators anzeigt, daß eine für den Klopfbetrieb nicht mehr hinzunehmende Verformung des Klopfelements vorliegt, muß das Klopfelement ausgetauscht werden.If the output signal of the proximity initiator indicates that there is a deformation of the knocking element that is no longer acceptable for the knocking operation, the knocking element must be replaced.

Claims (12)

  1. Method for percussively cleaning of objects (1) disposed in a chamber that is under process pressure with which an elongated percussive element is held in contact with the object to be cleaned, and the percussive energy is supplied by means of an accelerated striker element (10),
    characterized in that at least during the acceleration of the striker element (10) both the ends (10a, 10b) of the striker element are maintained under one and the same pressure, which pressure corresponds substantially to the pressure in the process chamber.
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterized in that the pressure in the process chamber is detected and the pressure that acts upon the two ends of the striker element is established as a function of the measured process pressure.
  3. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that when viewed in the percussive direction, at a distance from that end of the percussive element that is acted upon by the striker, a sealing gas is applied in such a way that at most it can exit in a direction toward the percussive end of the percussive element.
  4. Method according ot a least one of the claims 1-3,
    characterized in that the percussive element is held in contact under resilient biasing.
  5. Apparatus for the percussive cleaning of objects disposed in a process chamber that is under process pressure, with a housing (5), an elongated percussive element (6) that is guided in the housing in a sealed manner, extends through the wall (2) of the process chamber, and rests against the object under the effect of a biasing means, and with a percussive mechanism (1) including an elongated striker element (10) that is aligned with the percussive element (6), whereby the one end (6b) of the percussive element and the associated end (10a) of the striker element extend into a free space (8) of the housing in such a way that in the state of rest of the percussive mechanism, the two ends are spaced apart as a function of the available percussive energy,
    characterized in that the percussive element (6) has an essentially rectilinear cylindrical configuration, an in that that end (10b) of the striker element (10) that projects out of the percussive mechanism which end does not face the percussive element (6) is surrounded by a balancing chamber (13) that communicates (14; 10d, e) with the free space (8) in the housing (5) and is subjected to a pressure (P13, P8) that corresponds essentially to the process pressure (P2).
  6. Apparatus according to claim 5,
    characterized in that when the percussive element (6) is under the effect of a spring (7) the latter is disposed in the free space (8).
  7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6,
    characterized in that when viewed in the percussive direction, provided after a seal means (19) associated with the spring biased end (6b) of the percussive element is an annular chamber (18) that can be supplied with a sealing gas that is supplied through the housing (5).
  8. Apparatus according to at least one of the claims 5-7,
    characterized in that when viewed in the percussive direction, there is disposed after the annular chamber (18) a further seal means (20) and/or a gas-permeable filter (21).
  9. Apparatus according to at least one of the claims 5-8,
    characterized in that that end of the housing (5) that faces the object (1) is provided with a guide collar (5d) that surrounds and is spaced from the percussive element (6), whereby at the free end (22) of the guide collar the percussive element (6) is still guided at a distance from the wall that bounds the process chamber (2).
  10. Apparatus according to at least one of the claims 5-9,
    characterized in that the free space (8) and the balancing chamber (13) are supplied with a lower pressure (Δp) than the annular chamber (18).
  11. Apparatus according to at least one of the claims 5-10,
    characterized in that the free space (8) and the balancing chamber (13) and the annular chamber (18) are supplied with the same pressure, which is greater (Δp) than the process pressure.
  12. Apparatus according to at least one of the claims 5-11,
    characterized in that a position-detecting mechanism (25) is associated with that end (10b) of the striker element (10) that extends into the balancing chamber (13) in such a way that alterations in the position of the striker element (10) in its striking end position can be detected.
EP94907510A 1993-02-06 1994-02-07 Method and device for percussive cleaning of objects Expired - Lifetime EP0633998B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4303484A DE4303484C2 (en) 1993-02-06 1993-02-06 Method and device for tapping objects
DE4303484 1993-02-06
PCT/EP1994/000339 WO1994018518A1 (en) 1993-02-06 1994-02-07 Method and device for percussive cleaning of objects

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0633998A1 EP0633998A1 (en) 1995-01-18
EP0633998B1 true EP0633998B1 (en) 1997-04-23

Family

ID=6479805

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94907510A Expired - Lifetime EP0633998B1 (en) 1993-02-06 1994-02-07 Method and device for percussive cleaning of objects

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5597417A (en)
EP (1) EP0633998B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4303484C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1994018518A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022096741A1 (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Rosink-Werkstätten GmbH Impact cylinder

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080041322A1 (en) * 2006-08-15 2008-02-21 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Rapper mechanical arrangement of a radiant syngas cooler
US20090000770A1 (en) * 2007-06-27 2009-01-01 Wilson Rickey A Rapper Alignment Plug
CN201692969U (en) * 2008-12-02 2011-01-05 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Rapping apparatus
CN201596660U (en) * 2008-12-02 2010-10-06 国际壳牌研究有限公司 Rapping device
EP2336276B1 (en) * 2009-12-12 2015-03-11 KOPF SynGas GmbH & Co. KG Gas cooler with knocking device
FI122923B (en) * 2010-11-23 2012-08-31 Kamwest Oy Percussion device for cleaning surfaces, especially heating surfaces
CN103185143A (en) * 2011-12-28 2013-07-03 上海德凯仪器有限公司 Stop valve for high-frequency infrared carbon and sulfur analyzer
DE102012005804A1 (en) * 2012-03-21 2013-09-26 Thyssenkrupp Uhde Gmbh Knocker for dusty pipe walls
DE102014010994A1 (en) 2014-07-29 2016-02-04 Elmako Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for use in cryotherapy
FI128197B (en) * 2018-06-04 2019-12-13 Kamwest Solutions Oy Ab Impact device for cleaning of surfaces, such as heat delivery surfaces

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DE3127734C1 (en) * 1981-07-14 1983-04-21 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach Connection element for transferring the knocking or impact energy to heating or cooling surfaces that are to be cleaned and are located in a pressure vessel
DE3334456C2 (en) * 1983-09-23 1986-06-12 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach Device for power transmission

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022096741A1 (en) * 2020-11-09 2022-05-12 Rosink-Werkstätten GmbH Impact cylinder

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4303484A1 (en) 1994-08-25
DE4303484C2 (en) 1996-02-08
EP0633998A1 (en) 1995-01-18
WO1994018518A1 (en) 1994-08-18
DE59402491D1 (en) 1997-05-28
US5597417A (en) 1997-01-28

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