EP0627602B1 - Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage und Kälteanlage zum Betreiben dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents
Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage und Kälteanlage zum Betreiben dieses Verfahrens Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0627602B1 EP0627602B1 EP94108397A EP94108397A EP0627602B1 EP 0627602 B1 EP0627602 B1 EP 0627602B1 EP 94108397 A EP94108397 A EP 94108397A EP 94108397 A EP94108397 A EP 94108397A EP 0627602 B1 EP0627602 B1 EP 0627602B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- transfer medium
- cold transfer
- circuit
- refrigerant
- cold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title description 21
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 abstract description 73
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/22—Refrigeration systems for supermarkets
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a refrigeration system, which alternately Passes through cooling and defrosting phases, with a refrigerant circuit, a compressor, containing a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator the cooling of the cooling medium circulating in a cooling medium circuit takes place, which after its cooling one or more arranged in parallel Air coolers and then fed back to the evaporator by means of a pump becomes.
- the invention further relates to a refrigeration system with a refrigerant circuit and Refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit its cold via an evaporator to the circulating in the coolant circuit Coolant releases. It also relates to a refrigeration system with two refrigerant circuits and two refrigerant circuits, the circulating in the refrigerant circuits Refrigerants cool their evaporators to those in the refrigerant circuits dispense circulating coolant.
- the invention relates to a Refrigeration system with two refrigerant circuits and three coolant circuits, the first coolant circuit of the liquefaction of at least one of the in the Refrigerant circulating refrigerant is used, and that in the Refrigerant circuits circulate their refrigerants via evaporators to the in deliver the circulating coolant to the other two coolant circuits.
- Refrigeration systems also as composite refrigeration systems with several compressors each Refrigeration system, are used wherever several devices on different Places and / or need to be supplied with cold at different temperatures. For example, there are several refrigerators and freezers in a supermarket as well In addition, a refrigerator and freezer as cooling consumers to a cooling and Freezer composite refrigeration system connected.
- FIG a method for operating a refrigeration system, the alternating cooling and Defrosting phase is described.
- This refrigeration system consists of two independent circuits. It is a refrigerant circuit A on the one hand and a coolant circuit B. These two circuits A and B are over the Evaporator 1 "coupled".
- the gaseous refrigerant leaving the evaporator 1 of the refrigerant circuit A is compressed in the compressor 2, overheating and supplied to the condenser 3. This is where the cooling and liquefaction of the Refrigerant in indirect heat exchange with e.g. Air instead.
- the refrigerant will then relaxed in the expansion valve 4 and again the evaporator 1 fed. In this the evaporating refrigerant gives its cold to the in the Brine circuit B circulating brine.
- the refrigerant circuit B consists of the evaporator 1 from a coolant storage 5, one or more valves 6, 6 ', .. arranged in parallel, one or more parallel air coolers 7, 7 ', .. and a pump 8; here it can be are also several pumps connected in series.
- Each of the air coolers 7, 7 ', .. is provided with an electrical resistance heater 9, 9' ...
- the aim and object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a refrigeration system, which alternately goes through cooling and defrosting phases, that avoids the above disadvantages, as well as appropriate refrigeration systems.
- the inventive method for operating a refrigeration system saves you otherwise additional electricity costs for defrosting the evaporators. It enables about that defrosting that is gentle on the goods through short defrosting and Cooling down phases. In addition, the electrical is reduced Total connected load considerably.
- Refrigeration systems according to the invention are the subject of claims 4, 5 and 6.
- FIG. 2 shows the inventive method for operating a (composite) refrigeration system (hereinafter only refrigeration system
- the refrigeration system in turn consists of 2 from each other independent circuits. On the one hand it is about a refrigerant circuit A and the other around a refrigerant circuit B.
- the latter has 2 coolant stores, namely a so-called “cold” coolant storage 5 and a so-called “warm” coolant storage 5 '.
- the coolant storage 5 and 5 ' can by means of the valves 10 and 11 or 12 and 13 integrated in the coolant circuit B. will.
- Valves 12 and 13 are closed during the cooling phases and the valves 10 and 11 opened so that the refrigerant is off the cold coolant storage 5 in the coolant circuit B circulates and the recorded via the air coolers 7 and 7 ' Dissipates heat from the respective refrigeration units. It is again of course that in addition to the two in this and the air coolers shown in the following figures, further air coolers can be arranged in parallel.
- the refrigerant circuit A is also in operation during the cooling phase to keep the over the heat carriers in the air coolers 7 and 7 ' by evaporating the refrigerant in the evaporator 1 and dispense through the condenser 3.
- valve 12 is opened and Valve 10 closed.
- the warm coolant is now in the Coolant circuit B pumped around for as long by means of the pump 8, until the air coolers 7 and 7 'are defrosted independently.
- valve 13 is closed and Valve 11 opened.
- warm coolant is conveyed into the coolant store 5 ' and the cold coolant from the "cold" coolant storage 5 gets back into the coolant circuit B.
- valve 12 is closed and valve 10 is opened. Of the The refrigerant circuit is put back into operation and the The cooling of the air coolers 7 and 7 'begins.
- the refrigeration system shown in FIG. 3 consists of 2 Refrigerant circuits A and A 'and 2 refrigerant circuits B and B '.
- the illustration was used of the refrigerant stores 5, 5 ', 15 and 15' before and downstream valves omitted.
- This approach has two advantages. For one, shortened the defrosting time because the warm coolant during the Defrost phase is heated. On the other hand, the amount to be kept is reduced warm amount of coolant because of continuous heating during the defrost phase by the refrigerant of the other refrigerant circuit. With this procedure However, during the defrosting of one refrigerant circuit, e.g. e.g. of the coolant circuit B ', the Refrigerant circuit A must be switched on.
- FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of the invention Procedures.
- two refrigerant circuits B and B 'and two refrigerant circuits A and A' another Coolant circuit C provided.
- the evaporator 21 are the refrigerant circuit A and the refrigerant circuit B, the at a so-called "normal cooling temperature level" of about -10 ° C, coupled to each other, while over the Evaporator 21 'the refrigerant circuit A' with the refrigerant circuit B 'is coupled, the latter being on a so-called "freezer temperature level" of about -35 ° C.
- the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuits A and A ' is compressed by means of compressors 22 and 22 ' Condenser 1 or 1 'supplied and in these in the indirect Exchanging heat against a heat transfer medium that is to be heated the lines 44 and 45 are brought liquefied. Then the liquefied refrigerant is in the Relaxation valves 20 and 20 'relaxed and cold the evaporators 21 and 21 'supplied. In these it is in indirect heat exchange with the coolants to be cooled the refrigerant circuits B and B 'heated and evaporated.
- the in the condensers 1 and 1 'delivered to the coolant Heat is temporarily stored in the coolant storage 31 via lines 40 or 41 and 42 and the control valves 32 or 33 and 34 either the recooler 3 or the in the heat transfer tanks 5 'and 15' provided heat exchangers fed.
- the supplied to the recooler 3 via line 40 The coolant is cooled by means of the pump 30 in turn via lines 44 and 45 to the condensers 1 or 1 'promoted.
- the feed takes place before the pump 30 the via line 43 from the refrigerant storage 5 ' and 15 'withdrawn, cooled partial coolant stream.
- FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the invention Process, again consisting of two refrigerant circuits A and A ', two coolant circuits B and B' and one another coolant circuit C.
- Refrigerant circuit A and the coolant circuit B on "Normal cooling temperature level" while in the refrigerant cycle A 'and refrigerant circuit B' "freezer temperature level" prevails.
- the condenser 1 ' released heat of the refrigerant circuit A 'to the Refrigerant of the additional refrigerant circuit C but to the partial branch stream of the coolant branched off via line 50 Refrigerant circuit B delivered.
- the refrigerant circuit B ' is defrosted in the same way Way as in Figures 3 and 4.
- this procedure the networking of the two refrigerant circuits A and A 'during the defrosting of the refrigerant circuit B disadvantageous.
- the refrigerant circuit A' must be switched off for application reasons will.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Defrosting Systems (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
Description
Claims (6)
- Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage, die im Wechsel Kühl- und Abtauphasen durchläuft, mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf, einen Verdichter, einen Verflüssiger, ein Entspannungsventil und einen Verdampfer enthaltend, über den die Abkühlung des in einem Kälteträgerkreislauf zirkulierenden Kälteträgers erfolgt, der nach seiner Abkühlung einem oder mehreren parallel angeordneten Luftkühlern und anschließend mittels einer Pumpe wieder dem Verdampfer zugeführt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Teil des Kälteträgers während der Kühlphase im indirekten Wärmetausch oder mittels eines zwischen dem Kältemittel- und Kälteträgerkreislauf angeordneten weiteren Kälteträgerkreislaufes von dem während der Kühlphase im Verdichter überhitzten Kältemittel erwärmt wird und der so erwärmte Kälteträger nach Beendigung der Kühl phase zur Abtauung der Luftkühler in dem Kälteträgerkreislauf zirkuliert.
- Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Kälteanlage aus einer Kombination zweier Kälteanlagen, insbesondere einer Normalkühl- und einer Tiefkühl-Kälteanlage, besteht, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Teil des Kälteträgers einer der Kälteträgerkreisläufe (B) von dem Kältemittel desjenigen Kältemittelkreislaufes (A'), der der Abkühlung des Kälteträgers des anderen Kälteträgerkreislaufes (B') dient, erwärmt wird und mindestens ein Teil des Kälteträgers des anderen Kälteträgerkreislaufes (B') von dem Kältemittel desjenigen Kältemittelkreislaufes (A), der der Abkühlung des Kälteträgers des anderen Kälteträgerkreislaufes (B) dient, erwärmt wird.
- Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Kälteanlage aus einer Kombination zweier Kälteanlagen, insbesondere einer Normalkühl- und einer Tiefkühl-Kälteanlage, besteht, sowie mindestens eines weiteren Kälteträgerkreislaufes, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Erhitzung und/oder Verflüssigung der in den Kältemittelkreisläufen (A, A') zirkulierenden Kältemittel durch eine indirekten Wärmetausch (1, 1') mit dem Kälteträger des weiteren Kälteträgerkreislaufes (C) erfolgt und der so erwärmte Kälteträger des weiteren Kälteträgerkreislaufes (C) jeweils mindestens einen Teil des Kälteträgers der beiden Kälteträgerkreisläufe (B, B') erwärmt.
- Kälteanlage mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf und einem Kälteträgerkreislauf, wobei das in dem Kältemittelkreislauf zirkulierende Kältemittel seine Kälte über einen Verdampfer an den im Kälteträgerkreislauf zirkulierenden Kälteträger abgibt und der Kälteträgerkreislauf stromab des Verdampfers (1) einen oder mehrere parallel angeordnete Luftkühler (7,7') aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kälteträgerkreislauf (B) wenigstens zwei Kälteträgerspeicher (5, 5') aufweist, jeder der Kälteträgerspeicher (5, 5') über Ventile (10, 11, 12, 13) mit dem Kälteträgerkreislauf (B) verbunden ist und einer der Kälteträgerspeicher (5') einen Wärmeaustauscher, durch den das verdichtete Kältemittel des Kältemittelkreislaufes (A) strömt, aufweist, und wobei der in dem einen Wärmetauscher aufweisenden Kälteträgerspeicher (5') erwärmte Kälteträger nach Beendigung der Kühlphase zur Abtauung der Luftkühler (7, 7', ..) in dem Kälteträgerkreislauf (B) zirkuliert.
- Kälteanlage mit zwei Kältemittelkreisläufen und zwei Kälteträgerkreisläufen, wobei die in den Kältemittelkreisläufen zirkulierenden Kältemittel ihre Kälte über Verdampfer an die in den Kälteträgerkreisläufen zirkulierenden Kälteträger abgeben und die Kälteträgerkreisläufe stromab der Verdampfer (1,1') jeweils einen oder mehrere parallel angeordnete Luftkühler (7,7',17,17') aufweisen, wobei jeder der Kälteträgerkreisläufe (B, B') wenigstens zwei Kälteträgerspeicher (5, 5', 15, 15') aufweist, jeder der Kälteträgerspeicher (5, 5', 15, 15') über Ventile (10, 11, 12, 13) mit seinem Kälteträgerkreislauf (B, B') verbunden ist und jeweils einer der Kälteträgerspeicher (5', 15') einen Wärmeaustauscher, durch den das verdichtete Kältemittel eines der Kältemittelkreisläufe (A, A') strömt, aufweist, und wobei die in dem einen Wärmetauscher aufweisenden Kälteträgerspeicher (5', 15') erwärmten Kälteträger nach Beendigung der Kühlphase zur Abtauung der Luftkühler (7, 7', 17, 17',...) in den Kälteträgerkreisläufen (B, B') zirkulieren.
- Kälteanlage mit zwei Kältemittelkreisläufen und drei Kälteträgerkreisläufen, wobei der erste Kälteträgerkreislauf der Verflüssigung wenigstens eines der in den Kältemittelkreisläufen zirkulierenden Kältemittel dient, und die in den Kältemittelkreisläufen zirkulierenden Kältemittel ihre Kälte über Verdampfer an die in den beiden anderen Kälteträgerkreisläufen zirkulierenden Kälteträger abgeben in denen stromab der Verdampfer (21,21') jeweils ein oder mehrere parallel angeordnete Luftkühler (7,7',17,17') vorgesehen sind, wobei mit Ausnahme des ersten Kälteträgerkreislaufes (C) jeder der Kälteträgerkreisläufe (B, B') wenigstens zwei Kälteträgerspeicher (5, 5', 15, 15') aufweist, jeder der Kälteträgerspeicher(5, 5', 15, 15') über Ventile (10, 11, 12, 13) mit seinem Kälteträgerkreislauf (B, B') verbunden ist und jeweils einer der Kälteträgerspeicher (5', 15') einen Wärmeaustauscher, durch den der Kälteträger des ersten Kälteträgerkreislaufes (C) strömt, aufweist, und wobei die in dem einen Wärmetauscher aufweisenden Kälteträgerspeicher (5', 15') erwärmten Kälteträger nach Beendigung der Kühlphase zur Abtauung der Luftkühler (7, 7', 17, 17',...) in den Kälteträgerkreisläufen (B, B') zirkulieren.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4318671A DE4318671A1 (de) | 1993-06-04 | 1993-06-04 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer (Verbund-)Kälteanlage und (Verbund-)Kälteanlage zum Betreiben dieses Verfahrens |
DE4318671 | 1993-06-04 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0627602A2 EP0627602A2 (de) | 1994-12-07 |
EP0627602A3 EP0627602A3 (de) | 1995-02-01 |
EP0627602B1 true EP0627602B1 (de) | 1998-03-25 |
Family
ID=6489687
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94108397A Expired - Lifetime EP0627602B1 (de) | 1993-06-04 | 1994-05-31 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage und Kälteanlage zum Betreiben dieses Verfahrens |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0627602B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE164440T1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4318671A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008112566A2 (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-09-18 | Johnson Controls Technology Company | Refrigeration system |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA1041782A (en) * | 1974-08-15 | 1978-11-07 | Emhart Industries | Control means for refrigeration systems |
DE3105414C1 (de) * | 1981-02-14 | 1982-11-04 | Danfoss A/S, 6430 Nordborg | Kälteanlage für ein Kühlmöbel mit einem Kühlfach und einem Gefrierfach |
JPS59122863A (ja) * | 1982-12-28 | 1984-07-16 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 冷凍装置 |
-
1993
- 1993-06-04 DE DE4318671A patent/DE4318671A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-05-31 AT AT94108397T patent/ATE164440T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-05-31 EP EP94108397A patent/EP0627602B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-05-31 DE DE59405503T patent/DE59405503D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE164440T1 (de) | 1998-04-15 |
DE4318671A1 (de) | 1994-12-08 |
DE59405503D1 (de) | 1998-04-30 |
EP0627602A2 (de) | 1994-12-07 |
EP0627602A3 (de) | 1995-02-01 |
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