EP0616091A1 - Zementblöcke für Gebäudemauern - Google Patents

Zementblöcke für Gebäudemauern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0616091A1
EP0616091A1 EP93600014A EP93600014A EP0616091A1 EP 0616091 A1 EP0616091 A1 EP 0616091A1 EP 93600014 A EP93600014 A EP 93600014A EP 93600014 A EP93600014 A EP 93600014A EP 0616091 A1 EP0616091 A1 EP 0616091A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grooves
tongues
blocks
block
webs
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93600014A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0616091B1 (de
Inventor
Konstantinos Kamoudis
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0616091A1 publication Critical patent/EP0616091A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0616091B1 publication Critical patent/EP0616091B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/26—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0226—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system of lightweight cellular cement blocks, for the construction of:
  • Cement blocks for unreinforced masonry are consisted of vertical webs longitudinal/transversal, one base slab, tongues and grooves in a shape a layout and distances, to allow the straight engagement of the blocks at length, height and at an angle by superimpose of the blocks.
  • Cement blocks for reinforced masonry are consisted of longitudinal /transversal webs; tongues/grooves in a shape and layout, so as to allow their straight interlocking at length, height and at an angle. They are equiped with large cells for reinforcing, horizontally/vertically, and easy concreting.
  • the blocks are manufactured from ordinary portland cement; grey or white; pumice, expanded or processed lightweight aggregates; man-made aggregates of low to medium modulus of deformation (8-17 N/MM2); natural aggregates at a low ratio, chemical and or active mineral additives; colour pigments (optional), and clean water, all at fixed ratios. With the proper analogies of raw materials and the appropriate production machinery, these blocks have even and closed textured surfaces.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a plan from the underside of the block, that is not shown in fig. 1.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a transverse section of the block.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a plan from the upperside of the block.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a transverse section of the half block.
  • Figure 8 and 9 illustrates a plan from the upperside and underside respectively, of the half block.
  • Figure 12 and 13 illustrates a plan from upperside and underside respectively, of the block with straight shoulders, for free wall ends and wall corners.
  • a half block with tongues/grooves (4),(5) of masonry wall both sides and a half block with straight shoulder create a block of the figure 12 and 13.
  • the cellular cement blocks are composed of vertical webs (1) longitudinal adn transversal with a thin slab (2) as a base for the grooves (3).
  • Grooves (3) are deeper than pyramoidal/conoidal tongues (6) to allow, when desirable, the application of tie wires/shear connectors, and bonding mortars with the trowel.
  • Tongues (5) interlock during application within grooves (4), securing the mechanical and when required , through the mortar bonding at horizontal base grooves (3).
  • Mortar is not required to the vertical short edges of the blocks, but only to the perimetral contact with the bearing elements (e.g. columns and wall bearing masonry), if concreted prior to wall erection. For this reason internal grooves (4) are deeper than tongues (5).
  • the pyramoidal or conoidal tongues (6) are locking within the grooves (3) ascertaining the transversal mechanical, in the grooves (3) bonding of blocks in height. During the blocks laying slab (1) lies on their upperside.
  • the pyramoidal/conoidal tongues (6) are equally spaced from both sides of the block, and are of the same dimensions. for all the thicknesses of walls used to buildings. With this provision it is possible to bond the blocks by superimposition; a valuable advantage for wall crossings and tying-up of partitions to main walls or partitions to themselves.
  • the cement blocks with straight shoulders are used for wall endings; free ends; windows; doors and for building walls at an angle.
  • This category cement blocks are divided into two groups; namely the blocks with closed short edges types for low lift erection, due to the vertical steel reinforcement; and the open short edges types for a complete storey height erection, which can reach up to 3.20 metres.
  • GROUP 1 THE CLOSED SHORT EDGES BLOCKS are mainly eight:
  • the block with reveal for openings can be cut in half with common saw.
  • Figure 14 shows a perspective view of the bond block.
  • Figure 16 illustrates a plan of the block with reveal for openings.
  • Figure 18 illustrates a longitudinal section of the bond block.
  • Figure 19 illustrates a plan of the bond block.
  • Figure 20 illustrates a longitudinal section of the block with straight shoulders on one side, for wall free endings, to openings or at an angle.
  • Figure 22 illustrates a longitudinal section for the half bond block.
  • Figure 23 illustrates a plan for the half bond block.
  • Figure 26 illustrates a transverse section for the pilaster block.
  • Figure 27 illustrates a transverse section for the lintel/bond beam block.
  • Figure 28 illustrates a longitudinal section for the lintel/bond beam block.
  • Figure 30 illustrates a transverse section for the lintel and perimetral slab endings blocks to buildings.
  • Figure 33 illustrates a transverse section of the iso-insulating block, for external/common use walls.
  • Figure 36 illustrates a longitudinal section of a block, of shape M.
  • Figure 40 illustrates a plan of a block of shape I.
  • Figure 42 shows a perspective view of a block of shape M.
  • Figure 43 shows a perspective view of a block, of shape double I.
  • Figure 44 illustrates a longitudinal section of a block, of shape double I.
  • Figure 45 illustrates a transverse section of a block,of shape double I.
  • Figure 46 illustrates a plan of a block, of shape double I.
  • Figure 47 shows a perspective view for the lintel and perimetral slab endings blocks to buildings.
  • Figure 49 illustrates a longitudinal section for the lintel and perimetral slab endings blocks to buildings.
  • Figure 50 illustrates a transverse section for the rolling shutters blocks.
  • Figure 53 illustrates a longitudinal section for the reinforced concrete beams erection blocks.
  • Figure 54 illustrates a plan for the reinforced concrete beams erection blocks.
  • THE CLOSED SHORT EDGES TYPES GROUP 1 have basic characteristics the shape, size and layout of the horizontal grooves (2) (4) (5), tongues (1) (3) (6), the vertical: grooves (7) (8) (11) (13) and tongues (9) (10), with the tongues (10) projecting further to tongues (9), for enabling these tongues to positively interlock into the respective grooves (8) and (13), for a run/stack bond or at an angle, providing stability and insulation against mortar escape, during concreting.
  • the grooves (7) provide easy path for the grouting concrete, for most consistencies of concretes in addition horizontal reinforcement do not hinder concreting and distribute more uniformly the stresses from infill concrete to the blocks, either as shrinkage or lateral reinforecements.
  • the half bond block with straight shoulder on one edge is required for the free wall endings; to openings; for up to 200 milimetres wall thicknesses.
  • the pilaster block is provided for local reinforcement of slender walls, since it can be steel reinforced and concreted, as a normal column.
  • the cement blocks lintel/bond beam is provided with a base slab (15), grooves (4) and notches (16) for the cut-out part of the base, to provide path to vertical steel reinforcement and concrete, at opening's sides.
  • the cement block for lintels for the perimetral slab endings to buildings is provided with a raised external face shell (12A) that acts as an external mould (shuttering) for the slabs casting, while the tongue (1) is utilized for the continuation of masonry work on the upper floor, and for insertion into groove (2) during manufacturing for stacking and palletizing convenience/economy.
  • cement blocks provide for lintel and beam construction with the same fabric and finish, as a compatible system.
  • the iso-insulating blocks for external/common use walls are provided additionally with a slab (17) of expanded polystyrene (EPS) of high density 25-35 Kg/m3, with the shape as shown hatched in figures 33 and 35, and to one side only, for insulating purposes, and not hindering or participating to the carrying capacity of the combination load-bearing face shell and reinforced concrete poured in the cells.
  • EPS expanded polystyrene
  • the EPS slab is inserted during the production of the blocks, without difficulty, as part of their production cycle.
  • This block design provides the highest value of uniform thermo-acoustic insulation, and higher structural concrete area.
  • Iso-insulating (uniform insulation) blocks can be manufactured also as half of the normal, a unit for lintels/tie beams and that with a straight shoulder on one edge.
  • THE OPEN SHORT EDGES TYPES GROUP 2 as shown on the detailed drawings have the additional advantage, from those stipulated under Group 1; the higher erection/concreting height; their use for the construction of columns/shear walls, of whatever orthogonal cross-section, at an angle, or with cross flanges, with thicknesses of 200 to 300 milimetres.
  • the flanges of block of shape n has 1/8 - 2/8 (one eighth-two eighths) of the nominal length of a normal block.
  • the nominal length of the face shells of the blocks I and double I are 6/8 - 7/8 (six eighths-seven eighths) of the length of a normal block.
  • the grooves (13) are provided for the interlocking of blocks with shapes I or double I, for the construction of shear walls/columns at an angle and with cross flanges e.t.c.
  • the grooves (14) at half the block's height are provided for the additional mechanical interlocking of concrete with blocks of shape M, I and double I and as notches for cutting-off pieces (by knocking or pulling) for the construction of column/shear wall sections at an angle, cross flanges, wherever required.
  • Tying-up of lintel blocks and rolling shutters blocks, for this group is effected through bolts inserted into the holes (18) provided.
  • the cement blocks can be manufactured by Vibrating/Compressing Presses stationary or mobile with built-in tray/pallet, suitable self-levelling suspension system, cleaning equipment, level-even laying platforms and high efficiency vibrators.
  • the dosage and mixing of the raw materials can be effected with suitable dosing/mixing machinery and electronic control of aggregate's moisture content.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
EP19930600014 1992-08-04 1993-07-26 Bausteine Expired - Lifetime EP0616091B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GR92010353 1992-08-04
GR92100353 1992-08-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0616091A1 true EP0616091A1 (de) 1994-09-21
EP0616091B1 EP0616091B1 (de) 2000-03-29

Family

ID=10941157

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19930600014 Expired - Lifetime EP0616091B1 (de) 1992-08-04 1993-07-26 Bausteine

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0616091B1 (de)
DE (2) DE69328242D1 (de)
GR (1) GR1001284B (de)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4405489A1 (de) * 1994-02-21 1995-08-24 Rolf Scheiwiller Mauerstein-Bausatz
WO1997043226A1 (de) * 1996-05-15 1997-11-20 Markus Stracke Fassadenplatte oder fassadenstrukturelement
CN108824673A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2018-11-16 榆林学院 一种带有多孔砖的生土砖墙体
US10280584B2 (en) * 2017-10-03 2019-05-07 Risi Stone, Inc. Reversible segmental retaining wall block, molds and methods for manufacturing same, and methods of forming retaining walls with same

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012170516A2 (en) * 2011-06-06 2012-12-13 Genest Christopher Masonry block system
CN113213830A (zh) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-06 山东卓俊实业有限公司 一种粘结砂浆及其制备方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1979000198A1 (en) * 1977-10-11 1979-04-19 Parry & Hughes Improvements relating to building blocks
FR2562932A1 (fr) * 1984-04-17 1985-10-18 Humbert Bernard Blocs a bancher a isolation integree
WO1992009762A1 (fr) * 1990-11-29 1992-06-11 Brandom Element et procede de construction sans mortier

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1979000198A1 (en) * 1977-10-11 1979-04-19 Parry & Hughes Improvements relating to building blocks
FR2562932A1 (fr) * 1984-04-17 1985-10-18 Humbert Bernard Blocs a bancher a isolation integree
WO1992009762A1 (fr) * 1990-11-29 1992-06-11 Brandom Element et procede de construction sans mortier

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4405489A1 (de) * 1994-02-21 1995-08-24 Rolf Scheiwiller Mauerstein-Bausatz
WO1997043226A1 (de) * 1996-05-15 1997-11-20 Markus Stracke Fassadenplatte oder fassadenstrukturelement
US10280584B2 (en) * 2017-10-03 2019-05-07 Risi Stone, Inc. Reversible segmental retaining wall block, molds and methods for manufacturing same, and methods of forming retaining walls with same
CN108824673A (zh) * 2018-07-26 2018-11-16 榆林学院 一种带有多孔砖的生土砖墙体

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69328242D1 (de) 2000-05-04
EP0616091B1 (de) 2000-03-29
GR1001284B (el) 1993-07-30
DE616091T1 (de) 1995-08-24

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