EP0611277A1 - Air conditioning equipment - Google Patents

Air conditioning equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0611277A1
EP0611277A1 EP94890030A EP94890030A EP0611277A1 EP 0611277 A1 EP0611277 A1 EP 0611277A1 EP 94890030 A EP94890030 A EP 94890030A EP 94890030 A EP94890030 A EP 94890030A EP 0611277 A1 EP0611277 A1 EP 0611277A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compartment
vehicle
air conditioning
control unit
air
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Granted
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EP94890030A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0611277B1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dipl.-Ing. Ohnesorg
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Alex Friedmann KG
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Alex Friedmann KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/044—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems
    • F24F3/048—Systems in which all treatment is given in the central station, i.e. all-air systems with temperature control at constant rate of air-flow
    • F24F3/052—Multiple duct systems, e.g. systems in which hot and cold air are supplied by separate circuits from the central station to mixing chambers in the spaces to be conditioned
    • F24F3/0525—Multiple duct systems, e.g. systems in which hot and cold air are supplied by separate circuits from the central station to mixing chambers in the spaces to be conditioned in which the air treated in the central station is reheated

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an air conditioning system and a method for air conditioning the interior of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle.
  • an air conditioning system with a central air conditioning unit is used, the output of which is connected via an air supply duct to at least one compartment or vehicle area of the vehicle, each compartment or each vehicle area further comprising a temperature sensor connected to a compartment control unit for measuring the internal temperature and at least one forced ventilation , floor heater controllable by the compartment control unit.
  • a considerable disadvantage of known air conditioning systems is that there is an unsatisfactory temperature distribution within the compartment in cooling operation due to the introduction of the cooling air in the floor area.
  • the arrangement of the supply air duct in the floor area has furthermore the disadvantage that it takes up a lot of space in the floor area and therefore undesirably restricts the passenger compartment.
  • the comfort of a vehicle interior depends very much on the uniformity of the temperature stratification. In cooling mode, this is possible by introducing cooled supply air preheated to a certain temperature into the interior from above. Since such a system is also used to heat this interior, the temperature stratification of these systems in heating mode is generally such that warm air bubbles form in the ceiling area and a so-called cold air lake forms in the floor area. This inadequate temperature stratification in heating mode can be considerably improved by additionally operating floor radiators with constant output. If the compartment or vehicle door is opened frequently, however, this measure is inadequate, since new cold air flows into the floor area, particularly in the case of rail vehicles, and the additional heat required is supplied in the ceiling area, which means that the cold air lake, which repeatedly occurs in the floor area, heats up only very slowly becomes.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an air conditioning system and a method for air conditioning the interior of a vehicle, in which the disadvantages of known devices are eliminated and a uniform temperature stratification is generated in both heating and cooling mode.
  • this object is achieved on the basis of an air conditioning system of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the compartment control unit is connected to a secondary heating element, via which supply air flows into the compartment from above, this compartment control unit controlling the output of the floor heating element as a function of the temperature sensor during heating operation and the like Post-heating element is controlled so that the temperature of the supply air is kept approximately constant, and this compartment control unit controls the power output of the post-heating element as a function of the temperature sensor in cooling mode when the floor heating element is switched off.
  • Each compartment control unit 3 of a passenger car is connected to a system control unit 9, which is also connected to the reheater 8 via the changeover switch 7, all of them Afterheater 8 of a car are each connected to the system control unit 9 via such a switch 7. Furthermore, this system control unit is connected to the air conditioner 10 of the passenger car and connected to a duct temperature sensor 11 and an outside temperature sensor 12. The fresh air outlet of the air conditioning unit 10 integrated in the ceiling area of the passenger coach is connected to a supply air duct 13 which extends in the longitudinal direction over the entire passenger coach. In the ceiling area of each compartment 2 there is a reheating element 8 within the supply air duct 13. Furthermore, the duct temperature sensor 11 is installed in the longitudinal direction approximately in the middle of the passenger car in this supply air duct 13.
  • Fig. 2 the air conditioner runs in cooling mode.
  • the changeover switch 7 and the switch 5 are in the position K, so that the reheater 8 is controlled via the compartment control unit 3, the floor heater 6 being switched off.
  • the supply air supplied by the air conditioner 10 is preheated individually for this compartment, depending on the compartment temperature sensor 4 and under the control of the compartment control unit 3, before entering the compartment 2 by the reheating element 8.
  • the temperature of the supply air supplied by the air conditioning unit 10 is therefore preferably somewhat below the lowest target temperature set in a compartment 2 of this passenger car. This cooled and optionally preheated supply air flows in the ceiling area essentially vertically downwards into compartment 2.
  • the circulating air flowing in the floor area essentially horizontally from the floor heating elements 6 into the compartment is heated depending on the compartment temperature sensor 4 and under the control of the compartment control unit 3.
  • the preferably horizontal inflow of the heated circulating air additionally accelerates the clearing out of the cold air lake which arises in the base area, in particular when the compartment door is opened.
  • Criteria for the system according to the invention to run in cooling or heating mode or when this system is to be switched to the other operating mode can be defined in different ways.
  • the operating mode is determined by the operating personnel. If this decision is made by the plant itself, it is generally dependent on several factors. An essential of these factors is the value for the outside temperature, which is measured by means of the outside temperature sensor 12 and communicated to the system control unit 9. At outside temperatures that are far above or below the compartment set temperature, the system control unit specifies the corresponding operating mode, after which the switch 5 or the changeover switch 7 is set to K (cool) or H (heat).
  • the transition area in which the outside temperature is close to the target compartment temperature, other factors such as the different compartment temperatures measured in the passenger coach, the specified target values for these temperatures and the temperature in the supply air duct of this passenger coach are included in this decision.
  • a suitable logic is installed in the system control unit, which determines which operation is the more economical, for example that with the lower energy consumption. This logic additionally, in particular in this critical temperature range, avoids unnecessary or frequent switching of the system from heating to cooling operation and vice versa.
  • compartments do not necessarily have to be physically separate from one another, but can also be vehicle areas which are essentially air-conditioned independently of one another, so that different temperature requirements can also be taken into account within a single interior.
  • this invention is not limited to passenger coaches, but can be applied to vehicles of all kinds, in particular also to tram / subway vehicles, buses or other vehicles with one or more compartments or vehicle areas.

Abstract

Equipment and method for air conditioning in a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, having a central air-conditioning device (10) whose outlet is connected via an inlet channel (13) to at least one compartment (2) or area of the vehicle, each compartment (2) or each area having a temperature sensor (4) which is connected to a compartment control unit (3) for measuring the internal temperature and at least one positively ventilated floor heater element (6) which can be actuated by the compartment control unit. According to the invention, the compartment control unit (3) is connected to a reheating element (8) via which inlet air flows from above into the compartment. In heating mode, this compartment control unit (3) controls the power output of the floor heater element (6) as a function of the temperature sensor (4), the reheating element (8) being controlled in such a way that the temperature of the inlet air remains approximately constant. In cooling mode, this compartment control unit (3) controls the power output of the reheating element (8) as a function of the temperature sensor (4), the floor heater element (6) being switched off. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Klimaanlage und ein Verfahren zur Klimatisierung des Innenraumes eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere eines Schienenfahrzeuges.The invention relates to an air conditioning system and a method for air conditioning the interior of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle.

Bei bekannten Verfahren zur Klimatisierung des Innenraumes eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere eines Schienenfahrzeuges, wird zumindest einem Abteil oder Fahrzeugbereich, dessen Innentemperatur gemessen wird, Frisch- und/oder Warmluft zugeführt, wobei im Heizbetrieb in Abhängigkeit von einer vorgebbaren Solltemperatur erwärmte Umluft im Bodenbereich in das Abteil oder den Fahrzeugbereich eingebracht wird. Zur Realisierung dieses Verfahrens dient beispielsweise eine Klimaanlage mit einem zentralen Klimagerät, dessen Ausgang über einen Zuluftkanal mit zumindest einem Abteil oder Fahrzeugbereich des Fahrzeuges verbunden ist, wobei jedes Abteil oder jeder Fahrzeugbereich weiters einen mit einer Abteilsteuereinheit verbundenen Temperaturfühler zur Messung der Innentemperatur und zumindest einen zwangsbelüfteten, durch die Abteilsteuereinheit ansteuerbaren Bodenheizkörper aufweist.In known methods for air conditioning the interior of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, fresh and / or warm air is supplied to at least one compartment or vehicle area whose interior temperature is measured, with heated circulating air in the floor area in the compartment depending on a predefinable target temperature or the vehicle area is brought. To implement this method, for example, an air conditioning system with a central air conditioning unit is used, the output of which is connected via an air supply duct to at least one compartment or vehicle area of the vehicle, each compartment or each vehicle area further comprising a temperature sensor connected to a compartment control unit for measuring the internal temperature and at least one forced ventilation , floor heater controllable by the compartment control unit.

Ein solches Verfahren bzw. eine Klimaanlage der oben genannten Art ist beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 2 205 448 bekannt. Darin ist eine Klimaanlage für ein Schienenfahrzeug beschrieben, bei welcher ein zentrales Klimagerät vorgesehen ist, welches über einen Zuluftkanal mit jedem Abteil des Fahrzeuges verbunden ist, wobei die vom Klimagerät gelieferte Zuluft über einen Zwischenerhitzer im Bodenbereich in das Abteil einströmt. In jedem Abteil ist weiters ein Temperaturfühler zur Messung der Innentemperatur und ein damit verbundener Regelkreis zur Steuerung des Zwischenerhitzers vorgesehen.Such a method or an air conditioning system of the type mentioned above is known for example from DE-OS 2 205 448. This describes an air conditioning system for a rail vehicle, in which a central air conditioning unit is provided, which is connected to each compartment of the vehicle via an air supply duct, the air supply supplied by the air conditioning unit flowing into the compartment via an intermediate heater in the floor area. In each compartment there is also a temperature sensor for measuring the inside temperature and a control loop connected to it for controlling the reheater.

Aus der EP-A2 0 169 833 ist ebenso eine Klimaanlage mit einer im Bodenbereich angeordneten Nachheizanlage bekannt geworden. Zusätzlich ist bei dieser Vorrichtung auch eine Umluftrückführung und eine Lufteinbringung im Fenster bzw. seitlichen Wandbereich vorgesehen.From EP-A2 0 169 833 an air conditioning system with a post-heating system arranged in the floor area has also become known. In addition, a recirculation of air and an introduction of air into the window or side wall area are also provided in this device.

Ein erheblicher Nachteil bekannter Klimaanlagen liegt jedoch darin, daß innerhalb des Abteils im Kühlbetrieb durch das Einbringen der Kühlluft im Bodenbereich eine unbefriedigende Temperaturverteilung herrscht. Die Anordnung des Zuluftkanals im Bodenbereich hat überdies den Nachteil, daß sie im Bodenbereich viel Platz beansprucht und daher den Fahrgastraum in unerwünschter Weise einschränkt.A considerable disadvantage of known air conditioning systems, however, is that there is an unsatisfactory temperature distribution within the compartment in cooling operation due to the introduction of the cooling air in the floor area. The arrangement of the supply air duct in the floor area has furthermore the disadvantage that it takes up a lot of space in the floor area and therefore undesirably restricts the passenger compartment.

Es ist weiters aus der GB-B 862 473 bekannt, im Heizbetrieb erwärmte Luft im Bodenbereich und im Kühlbetrieb Kühlluft von oben in einen Großraumwagen einzubringen. Es besteht jedoch keine Möglichkeit die Temperatur der eingebrachten Luft lokal zu beeinflussen.It is also known from GB-B 862 473 to introduce heated air in the floor area in the heating mode and cooling air from above into a open-top car in the cooling mode. However, there is no possibility of locally influencing the temperature of the air introduced.

Die Behaglichkeit eines Fahrzeuginnenraumes hängt sehr stark von der Gleichmäßigkeit der Temperaturschichtung ab. Im Kühlbetrieb ist dies durch Einbringen gekühlter, auf eine bestimmte Temperatur vorgewärmter Zuluft von oben in den Innenraum möglich. Da eine solche Anlage auch zum Heizen dieses Innenraumes benützt wird, ist die Temperaturschichtung dieser Anlagen im Heizbetrieb im allgemeinen so, daß sich im Deckenbereich Warmluftblasen und im Bodenbereich ein sogenannter Kaltluftsee ausbildet. Durch zusätzliches Betreiben von Bodenheizkörpern mit konstanter Leistung kann diese mangelhafte Temperaturschichtung im Heizbetrieb erheblich verbessert werden. Bei häufigem Öffnen der Abteil- oder Fahrzeugtür ist diese Maßnahme jedoch ungenügend, da hierbei, insbesondere bei Schienenfahrzeugen, von neuem Kaltluft in den Bodenbereich einströmt und die zusätzlich erforderliche Wärme im Deckenbereich nachgeliefert wird, wodurch der im Bodenbereich immer wieder entstehende Kaltluftsee nur sehr langsam erwärmt wird.The comfort of a vehicle interior depends very much on the uniformity of the temperature stratification. In cooling mode, this is possible by introducing cooled supply air preheated to a certain temperature into the interior from above. Since such a system is also used to heat this interior, the temperature stratification of these systems in heating mode is generally such that warm air bubbles form in the ceiling area and a so-called cold air lake forms in the floor area. This inadequate temperature stratification in heating mode can be considerably improved by additionally operating floor radiators with constant output. If the compartment or vehicle door is opened frequently, however, this measure is inadequate, since new cold air flows into the floor area, particularly in the case of rail vehicles, and the additional heat required is supplied in the ceiling area, which means that the cold air lake, which repeatedly occurs in the floor area, heats up only very slowly becomes.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Klimaanlage und ein Verfahren zur Klimatisierung des Innenraumes eines Fahrzeuges anzugeben, bei welchem die Nachteile bekannter Vorrichtungen beseitigt werden und sowohl im Heiz- als auch im Kühlbetrieb eine gleichmäßige Temperaturschichtung erzeugt wird.The invention has for its object to provide an air conditioning system and a method for air conditioning the interior of a vehicle, in which the disadvantages of known devices are eliminated and a uniform temperature stratification is generated in both heating and cooling mode.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, bei welchem von oben in das Abteil oder den Fahrzeugbereich einströmende Zuluft im Kühlbetrieb in Abhängigkeit von der vorgegebenen Solltemperatur erwärmt und im Heizbetrieb auf annähernd konstante Temperatur gehalten wird.This object is achieved by a method of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which supply air flowing into the compartment or the vehicle area from above is heated in cooling mode as a function of the predetermined target temperature and is kept at an approximately constant temperature in heating mode.

Weiters wird diese Aufgabe anhand einer Klimaanlage der eingangs genannten Art gelöst, bei welcher die Abteilsteuereinheit mit einem Nachheizkörper verbunden ist, über welchen Zuluft von oben in das Abteil einströmt, wobei diese Abteilsteuereinheit im Heizbetrieb die Leistungsabgabe des Bodenheizkörpers in Abhängigkeit von dem Temperaturfühler steuert und der Nachheizkörper so gesteuert wird, daß die Temperatur der Zuluft annähernd konstant gehalten wird, und wobei diese Abteilsteuereinheit im Kühlbetrieb bei abgeschaltetem Bodenheizkörper die Leistungsabgabe des Nachheizkörpers in Abhängigkeit von dem Temperaturfühler steuert.Furthermore, this object is achieved on the basis of an air conditioning system of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the compartment control unit is connected to a secondary heating element, via which supply air flows into the compartment from above, this compartment control unit controlling the output of the floor heating element as a function of the temperature sensor during heating operation and the like Post-heating element is controlled so that the temperature of the supply air is kept approximately constant, and this compartment control unit controls the power output of the post-heating element as a function of the temperature sensor in cooling mode when the floor heating element is switched off.

Weitere Ausgestaltungsmerkmale der erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlage werden in den abhängigen Unteransprüchen 3 bis 7 beschrieben.Further design features of the air conditioning system according to the invention are described in the dependent subclaims 3 to 7.

Die Erfindung wird unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 1 bis 3 anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlage an einem Reisezugwagen näher erläutert, wobei die beiliegenden Figuren folgendes zeigen:

  • Figur 1 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch einen Reisezugwagen, der mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlage versehen ist,
  • Figur 2 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch den Reisezugwagen von Fig. 1, wobei die Klimaanlage im Kühlbetrieb betrieben wird,
  • Figur 3 einen schematischen Querschnitt durch den Reisezugwagen von Fig. 1, wobei die Klimaanlage im Heizbetrieb betrieben wird.
The invention is explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 on the basis of an exemplary embodiment of an air conditioning system according to the invention on a passenger coach, the accompanying figures showing the following:
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a passenger coach which is provided with an air conditioning system according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic cross section through the passenger coach of FIG. 1, the air conditioning system being operated in cooling mode,
  • 3 shows a schematic cross section through the passenger coach of FIG. 1, the air conditioning system being operated in heating mode.

Es wird zunächst auf Fig. 1 bezug genommen, in welcher ein Reisezugwagen 1 mit mehreren, im wesentlichen identischen Abteilen 2 gezeigt ist. Aus Gründen der Übersichtlichkeit ist die Steuerung der Klimaanlage nur an einem solchen Abteil 2 dargestellt. Das wesentliche Element der Steuerung ist eine Abteilsteuereinheit 3, an welcher ein Abteiltemperaturfühler 4 angeschlossen ist und welche über einen Schalter 5 mit einem Bodenheizkörper 6 und über einen Umschalter 7 mit einem Nachheizkörper 8 verbunden ist. Die beiden Schalter 5 und 7 sind mit einem Ausgang der Abteilsteuereinheit 3 verbunden und so miteinander gekoppelt, daß bei Betätigen des Schalters 5 auch der Umschalter betätigt wird und umgekehrt. Im Heizbetrieb sind die beiden Schalter in der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Stellung H und im Kühlbetrieb in der Stellung K. Jede Abteilsteuereinheit 3 eines Reisezugwagens ist mit einer Anlagensteuereinheit 9 verbunden, welche ebenso über den Umschalter 7 mit dem Nachheizkörper 8 verbunden ist, wobei alle Nachheizkörper 8 eines Wagens über je einen solchen Umschalter 7 mit der Anlagensteuereinheit 9 verbunden sind. Weiters ist diese Anlagensteuereinheit mit dem Klimagerät 10 des Reisezugwagens verbunden und an einen Kanaltemperaturfühler 11 und einen Außentemperaturfühler 12 angeschlossen. Der Frischluftausgang des im Deckenbereich des Reisezugwagens integrierten Klimagerätes 10 ist mit einem Zuluftkanal 13 verbunden, der sich in Längsrichtung über den gesamten Reisezugwagen erstreckt. Im Deckenbereich jedes Abteils 2 befindet sich innerhalb des Zuluftkanals 13 je ein Nachheizkörper 8. Weiters ist in Längsrichtung etwa in der Mitte des Reisezugwagens in diesem Zuluftkanal 13 der Kanaltemperaturfühler 11 eingebaut.Reference is first made to FIG. 1, in which a passenger coach 1 with several, essentially identical compartments 2 is shown. For reasons of clarity, the control of the air conditioning system is only shown on such a compartment 2. The essential element of the control is a compartment control unit 3, to which a compartment temperature sensor 4 is connected and which is connected via a switch 5 to a floor heating element 6 and via a changeover switch 7 to a reheating element 8. The two switches 5 and 7 are connected to an output of the compartment control unit 3 and are coupled to one another in such a way that when the switch 5 is actuated, the changeover switch is also actuated and vice versa. In the heating mode, the two switches are in the position H shown in Fig. 1 and in the cooling mode in the position K. Each compartment control unit 3 of a passenger car is connected to a system control unit 9, which is also connected to the reheater 8 via the changeover switch 7, all of them Afterheater 8 of a car are each connected to the system control unit 9 via such a switch 7. Furthermore, this system control unit is connected to the air conditioner 10 of the passenger car and connected to a duct temperature sensor 11 and an outside temperature sensor 12. The fresh air outlet of the air conditioning unit 10 integrated in the ceiling area of the passenger coach is connected to a supply air duct 13 which extends in the longitudinal direction over the entire passenger coach. In the ceiling area of each compartment 2 there is a reheating element 8 within the supply air duct 13. Furthermore, the duct temperature sensor 11 is installed in the longitudinal direction approximately in the middle of the passenger car in this supply air duct 13.

Die Funktionsweise einer solchen Klimaanlage wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Fig. 2 und 3 beschrieben.The operation of such an air conditioner is described below with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

In Fig. 2 läuft die Klimaanlage im Kühlbetrieb. Hierbei befinden sich der Umschalter 7 und der Schalter 5 in der Stellung K, sodaß der Nachheizkörper 8 über die Abteilsteuereinheit 3 gesteuert wird, wobei der Bodenheizkörper 6 abgeschaltet ist. Dadurch wird die vom Klimagerät 10 gelieferte Zuluft abhängig von dem Abteiltemperaturfühler 4 und unter Steuerung durch die Abteilsteuereinheit 3 vor dem Eintreten in das Abteil 2 von dem Nachheizkörper 8 individuell für dieses Abteil vorgewärmt. Die Temperatur der von dem Klimagerät 10 angelieferten Zuluft liegt deshalb vorzugsweise etwas unterhalb der niedrigsten, in einem Abteil 2 dieses Reisezugwagens eingestellten Solltemperatur. Diese gekühlte und gegebenenfalls vorgewärmte Zuluft strömt im Deckenbereich im wesentlichen senkrecht nach unten in das Abteil 2 ein.In Fig. 2 the air conditioner runs in cooling mode. Here, the changeover switch 7 and the switch 5 are in the position K, so that the reheater 8 is controlled via the compartment control unit 3, the floor heater 6 being switched off. As a result, the supply air supplied by the air conditioner 10 is preheated individually for this compartment, depending on the compartment temperature sensor 4 and under the control of the compartment control unit 3, before entering the compartment 2 by the reheating element 8. The temperature of the supply air supplied by the air conditioning unit 10 is therefore preferably somewhat below the lowest target temperature set in a compartment 2 of this passenger car. This cooled and optionally preheated supply air flows in the ceiling area essentially vertically downwards into compartment 2.

In Fig. 3 ist die Klimaanlage im Heizbetrieb dargestellt. Dabei befinden sich der Umschalter 7 und der Schalter 5 in der Stellung H, sodaß der Bodenheizkörper 6 über die Abteilsteuereinheit 3 gesteuert wird und der Nachheizkörper 8 nun mit der Anlagensteuereinheit 9 verbunden ist. Die Anlagensteuereinheit sorgt im Heizbetrieb dafür, daß die Zuluft durch die Nachheizkörper auf eine annähernd konstante, im Bereich der Solltemperatur liegende Temperatur vorgewärmt wird. Für praktische Zwecke liegt diese Temperatur geringfügig über der niedrigsten, in einem Abteil 2 des Reisezugwagens vorgegebenen Solltemperatur und wird von dem Kanaltemperaturfühler 11 überwacht. Die individuelle Regelung der Abteiltemperatur wird im Heizbetrieb der erfindungsgemäßen Klimaanlage über die Bodenheizkörper 6 verwirklicht. Die im Bodenbereich im wesentlichen horizontal aus den Bodenheizkörpern 6 in das Abteil einströmende Umluft wird dabei in Abhängigkeit von dem Abteiltemperaturfühler 4 und unter Steuerung durch die Abteilsteuereinheit 3 erwärmt. Das vorzugsweise horizontale Einströmen der gewärmten Umluft beschleunigt zusätzlich das Ausräumen des im Bodenbereich, insbesondere bei Öffnen der Abteiltür entstehenden Kaltluftsees.In Fig. 3 the air conditioning system is shown in heating mode. The changeover switch 7 and the switch 5 are in the H position, so that the underfloor heating element 6 is controlled via the compartment control unit 3 and the afterheating element 8 is now connected to the system control unit 9. In heating mode, the system control unit ensures that the supply air is preheated to an approximately constant temperature in the range of the target temperature by the post-heating elements. For practical purposes, this temperature is slightly above the lowest target temperature specified in a compartment 2 of the passenger car and is monitored by the duct temperature sensor 11. The individual regulation of the compartment temperature is realized in the heating mode of the air conditioning system according to the invention via the floor heating element 6. The circulating air flowing in the floor area essentially horizontally from the floor heating elements 6 into the compartment is heated depending on the compartment temperature sensor 4 and under the control of the compartment control unit 3. The preferably horizontal inflow of the heated circulating air additionally accelerates the clearing out of the cold air lake which arises in the base area, in particular when the compartment door is opened.

Kriterien dafür, daß die erfindungsgemäße Anlage im Kühl- oder Heizbetrieb laufen soll bzw. wann diese Anlage auf den jeweils anderen Betriebsmodus umgeschaltet werden soll, können auf unterschiedliche Weise definiert werden. Im einfachsten Fall wird der Betriebsmodus von dem Bedienungspersonal festgelegt. Falls diese Entscheidung von der Anlage selbst getroffen wird, ist sie ist allgemeinen von mehreren Faktoren abhängig. Ein wesentlicher dieser Faktoren ist der Wert für die Außentemperatur, welcher mittels des Außentemperaturfühlers 12 gemessen und der Anlagensteuereinheit 9 mitgeteilt wird. Bei Außentemperaturen, die weit über oder unter der Abteilsolltemperatur liegen, gibt die Anlagensteuereinheit die entsprechende Betriebsform vor, wonach der Schalter 5 bzw. der Umschalter 7 auf K (kühlen) oder H (heizen) gestellt wird. Im Übergangsbereich, in welchem die Außentemperatur nahe an der Abteilsolltemperatur liegt, werden weitere Faktoren, wie die in dem Reisezugwagen gemessenen unterschiedlichen Abteiltemperaturen, die vorgegebenen Sollwerte für diese Temperaturen und die Temperatur im Zuluftkanal dieses Reisezugwagens in diese Entscheidung mit einbezogen. Ebenso gibt es einen Temperaturbereich, bei welchem die Klimaanlage sowohl im Heizbetrieb als auch im Kühlbetrieb betrieben werden kann, um die erforderlichen Abteiltemperaturen eines Reisezugwagens herzustellen. Zu diesem Zweck ist in der Anlagensteuereinheit eine geeignete Logik eingebaut, die feststellt, welcher Betrieb der günstigere ist, beispielsweise jener mit dem geringeren Energieverbrauch. Durch diese Logik wird, insbesondere in diesem kritischen Temperaturbereich zusätzlich ein unnötiges oder häufiges Umschalten der Anlage von Heiz- auf Kühlbetrieb und umgekehrt vermieden.Criteria for the system according to the invention to run in cooling or heating mode or when this system is to be switched to the other operating mode can be defined in different ways. In the simplest case, the operating mode is determined by the operating personnel. If this decision is made by the plant itself, it is generally dependent on several factors. An essential of these factors is the value for the outside temperature, which is measured by means of the outside temperature sensor 12 and communicated to the system control unit 9. At outside temperatures that are far above or below the compartment set temperature, the system control unit specifies the corresponding operating mode, after which the switch 5 or the changeover switch 7 is set to K (cool) or H (heat). In the transition area, in which the outside temperature is close to the target compartment temperature, other factors such as the different compartment temperatures measured in the passenger coach, the specified target values for these temperatures and the temperature in the supply air duct of this passenger coach are included in this decision. There is also a temperature range at which the air conditioning system can be operated in both heating and cooling mode in order to produce the required compartment temperatures of a passenger car. For this purpose, a suitable logic is installed in the system control unit, which determines which operation is the more economical, for example that with the lower energy consumption. This logic additionally, in particular in this critical temperature range, avoids unnecessary or frequent switching of the system from heating to cooling operation and vice versa.

Wenn in dem obigen Ausführungsbeispiel von Abteilen die Rede ist, so müssen diese nicht notwendigerweise physisch voneinander getrennt sein, sondern können auch Fahrzeugbereiche sein, welche im wesenlichen unabhängig voneinander klimatisiert werden, sodaß auf unterschiedliche Temperaturanforderungen auch innerhalb eines einzelnen Innenraumes Rücksicht genommen werden kann.If the above exemplary embodiment refers to compartments, these do not necessarily have to be physically separate from one another, but can also be vehicle areas which are essentially air-conditioned independently of one another, so that different temperature requirements can also be taken into account within a single interior.

Bei einer hier nicht gezeigten Ausführungsform der Erfindung, bei welcher der Reisezugwagen ein Großraumabteil besitzt, können die Nachheizkörper in vorteilhafter Weise auch in dem Klimagerät integriert sein.In an embodiment of the invention, not shown here, in which the passenger coach has a large compartment, the post-heating elements can advantageously also be integrated in the air conditioning unit.

Abschließend ist noch anzumerken, daß diese Erfindung nicht nur auf Reisezugwagen beschränkt ist, sondern auf Fahrzeuge jeder Art angewendet werden kann, insbesondere auch auf Straßenbahn-/U-Bahnfahrzeuge, Busse oder andere Fahrzeuge mit einem oder mehreren Abteilen bzw. Fahrzeugbereichen.Finally, it should be noted that this invention is not limited to passenger coaches, but can be applied to vehicles of all kinds, in particular also to tram / subway vehicles, buses or other vehicles with one or more compartments or vehicle areas.

Claims (7)

Verfahren zur Klimatisierung des Innenraumes eines Fahrzeuges, insbesondere eines Schienenfahrzeuges, bei welchem zumindest einem Abteil (2) oder Fahrzeugbereich, dessen Innentemperatur gemessen wird, Frisch- und/oder Warmluft zugeführt wird, wobei im Heizbetrieb in Abhängigkeit von einer vorgebbaren Solltemperatur erwärmte Umluft im Bodenbereich in das Abteil (2) oder den Fahrzeugbereich eingebracht wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß von oben in das Abteil oder den Fahrzeugbereich einströmende Zuluft im Kühlbetrieb in Abhängigkeit von der vorgegebenen Solltemperatur erwärmt und im Heizbetrieb auf annähernd konstante Temperatur gehalten wird.Method for air conditioning the interior of a vehicle, in particular a rail vehicle, in which fresh air and / or warm air is supplied to at least one compartment (2) or vehicle area whose interior temperature is measured, with heated circulating air in the floor area depending on a predetermined target temperature is introduced into the compartment (2) or vehicle region, characterized in that heated from above into the compartment or vehicle region incoming supply air in cooling operation in dependence upon the predetermined desired temperature and is kept in the heating mode on approximately constant temperature. Klimaanlage für ein Fahrzeug, insbesondere für ein Schienenfahrzeug, mit einem zentralen Klimagerät (10), dessen Ausgang über einen Zuluftkanal (13) mit zumindest einem Abteil (2) oder Fahrzeugbereich des Fahrzeuges verbunden ist, wobei jedes Abteil (2) oder jeder Fahrzeugbereich weiters einen mit einer Abteilsteuereinheit (3) verbundenen Temperaturfühler (4) zur Messung der Innentemperatur und zumindest einen zwangsbelüfteten, von der Abteilsteuereinheit ansteuerbaren Bodenheizkörper (6) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abteilsteuereinheit (3) mit einem Nachheizkörper (8) verbunden ist, über welchen Zuluft von oben in das Abteil einströmt, wobei diese Abteilsteuereinheit (3) im Heizbetrieb die Leistungsabgabe des Bodenheizkörpers (6) in Abhängigkeit von dem Temperaturfühler (4) steuert und der Nachheizkörper (8) so gesteuert wird, daß die Temperatur der Zuluft annähernd konstant bleibt, und wobei diese Abteilsteuereinheit (3) im Kühlbetrieb die Leistungsabgabe des Nachheizkörpers (8) in Abhängigkeit von dem Temperaturfühler (4) steuert und der Bodenheizkörper (6) ausgeschaltet ist.Air conditioning system for a vehicle, in particular for a rail vehicle, with a central air conditioning unit (10), the outlet of which is connected via an air supply duct (13) to at least one compartment (2) or vehicle area of the vehicle, each compartment (2) or each vehicle area further has a temperature sensor (4) connected to a compartment control unit (3) for measuring the internal temperature and at least one positively ventilated floor heating element (6) which can be controlled by the compartment control unit, characterized in that the compartment control unit (3) is connected to a post-heating element (8) which supply air flows into the compartment from above, this compartment control unit (3) controls the power output of the floor heating element (6) in heating mode as a function of the temperature sensor (4) and the post-heating element (8) is controlled so that the temperature of the supply air is approximately constant remains, and this compartment control unit (3) in cooling mode the power output be of the post-heater (8) depending on the temperature sensor (4) controls and the floor heater (6) is switched off. Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bodenheizkörper (6) im unmittelbaren Bodenbereich Ausströmöffnungen besitzt, durch welche die Warmluft horizontal in das Abteil (2) oder den Fahrzeugbereich eingeblasen wird.Air conditioning system according to claim 2, characterized in that the floor heating element (6) has outflow openings in the immediate floor area through which the warm air is blown horizontally into the compartment (2) or the vehicle area. Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Fahrzeug zumindest zwei Abteile (2) oder Fahrzeugbereiche vorgesehen sind, und daß die Nachheizkörper (8) in dem Zuluftkanal (13) oberhalb jedes Abteils (2) oder Fahrzeugbereichs angeordnet sind.Air conditioning system according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that at least two compartments (2) or vehicle areas are provided in the vehicle, and in that the afterheating elements (8) are arranged in the supply air duct (13) above each compartment (2) or vehicle area. Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Fahrzeug ein einziges Abteil (2) oder ein einziger Fahrzeugbereich vorgesehen ist, und daß der Nachheizkörper (8) im Klimagerät integriert ist.Air conditioning system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a single compartment (2) or a single vehicle area is provided in the vehicle, and that the post-heating element (8) is integrated in the air conditioning unit. Klimaanlage nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Abteilsteuereinheit (3) eines Fahrzeuges mit einer einzigen Anlagensteuereinheit (9) verbunden ist, welche mit dem Klimagerät (10), einem Kanaltemperaturfühler (11) und dem Nachheizkörper (8) jedes Abteils (2) oder Fahrzeugbereichs verbunden ist, wobei diese Anlagensteuereinheit (9) den Betrieb des Klimagerätes (10) und im Heizbetrieb die Leistungsabgabe der Nachheizkörper (8) in Abhängigkeit von dem Kanaltemperaturfühler (11) und dem Sollwert der Raumtemperatur steuert.Air conditioning system according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that each compartment control unit (3) of a vehicle is connected to a single system control unit (9) which each with the air conditioning unit (10), a duct temperature sensor (11) and the reheater (8) Compartment (2) or vehicle area is connected, this system control unit (9) controlling the operation of the air conditioning unit (10) and, in heating mode, the output of the post-heating element (8) as a function of the duct temperature sensor (11) and the setpoint of the room temperature. Klimaanlage nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Anlagensteuereinheit (9) weiters mit einem Außentemperaturfühler (12) verbunden ist, wobei der Betrieb des Klimagerätes (10) in Abhängigkeit von dem Außentemperaturfühler (12) gesteuert wird.Air conditioning system according to claim 6, characterized in that the system control unit (9) is further connected to an outside temperature sensor (12), the operation of the air conditioning device (10) being controlled as a function of the outside temperature sensor (12).
EP94890030A 1993-02-12 1994-02-04 Air conditioning equipment Expired - Lifetime EP0611277B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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AT0026093A AT402722B (en) 1993-02-12 1993-02-12 METHOD FOR THE AIR CONDITIONING AND AIR CONDITIONING OF A VEHICLE, IN PARTICULAR A RAIL VEHICLE
AT260/93 1993-02-12

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EP0611277A1 true EP0611277A1 (en) 1994-08-17
EP0611277B1 EP0611277B1 (en) 1996-05-22

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DE (1) DE59400288D1 (en)
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DE29601806U1 (en) * 1996-02-03 1996-04-11 Hagenuk Fahrzeugklima Gmbh Device for distributing the cooling and heating air for multi-compartment cars
CN101428624B (en) * 2007-07-13 2013-03-13 阿尔斯通运输股份有限公司 Air conditioning system for a compartment of a rail vehicle, corresponding rail vehicle and air conditioning method thereof
DE102015216404A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Air conditioning arrangement for a rail vehicle
CN108248624A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-07-06 河南辉煌信通软件有限公司 The temperature detection and regulating system of motor train compartment
EP3795446A1 (en) * 2019-09-19 2021-03-24 ALSTOM Transport Technologies Passenger transport vehicle comprising at least one heating fan, vehicle and associated method for adjusting the air temperature

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DE10304272B4 (en) * 2003-02-03 2006-10-12 Siemens Ag Method for conditioning the interior of a vehicle

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DE2524400A1 (en) * 1974-10-23 1976-04-29 Friedmann Kg Alex Railway vehicle air-conditioning system - has overall temp. control by internal and external sensors and individual adjustment in each compartment(OE-15.1.76)
DE3048226A1 (en) * 1980-12-20 1982-07-15 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim FACILITIES FOR AIR CONDITIONING

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29601806U1 (en) * 1996-02-03 1996-04-11 Hagenuk Fahrzeugklima Gmbh Device for distributing the cooling and heating air for multi-compartment cars
CN101428624B (en) * 2007-07-13 2013-03-13 阿尔斯通运输股份有限公司 Air conditioning system for a compartment of a rail vehicle, corresponding rail vehicle and air conditioning method thereof
DE102015216404A1 (en) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Air conditioning arrangement for a rail vehicle
CN108248624A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-07-06 河南辉煌信通软件有限公司 The temperature detection and regulating system of motor train compartment
CN108248624B (en) * 2017-12-28 2019-07-19 河南辉煌信通软件有限公司 The temperature detection and regulating system of motor train compartment
EP3795446A1 (en) * 2019-09-19 2021-03-24 ALSTOM Transport Technologies Passenger transport vehicle comprising at least one heating fan, vehicle and associated method for adjusting the air temperature
FR3101021A1 (en) * 2019-09-19 2021-03-26 Alstom Transport Technologies Passenger transport car comprising at least one heating fan, vehicle and associated air temperature adjustment method

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ATA26093A (en) 1996-12-15
DE59400288D1 (en) 1996-06-27
EP0611277B1 (en) 1996-05-22
AT402722B (en) 1997-08-25
GR3020644T3 (en) 1996-10-31
ATE138332T1 (en) 1996-06-15
ES2087804T3 (en) 1996-07-16

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