EP0610846B1 - Use of copolymers comprising vinyl/monomers and carbonamide as detergent additive - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of copolymers containing 75 - 95% by weight of the total monomer quantity of at least one vinyl monomer which is free of carboxyl and amide groups, 5 - 20% by weight of at least one carboxyamide of the formula (I) <IMAGE> in which R is a hydrogen atom or a methylol radical, R<1> is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C3-alkyl radical and R<2> is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and, where appropriate, together with a maximum of 5% by weight of a copolymerisable unsaturated carboxylic acid as detergent additive to prevent reuptake of dyes which have been dissolved off and of dye breakdown products.

Description

The laundry to be cleaned nowadays in the household and industry consists of uniform or, especially in the household, mostly from different Fiber types, in particular from natural fibers, primarily cotton or Wool, from regenerated cellulose fibers, e.g. Viscose, made of synthetic fibers, e.g. Polyester, polyamide and polyacrylonitrile, and from mixtures of such fibers. In contrast to the so-called "white wash", which consists of undyed There is textiles, the so-called "colored laundry" is made of colored textiles mostly in different shades and depths, from light or pastel to composed dark. It goes without saying that in one wash Colored household laundry Textiles with different color fastnesses can be present. If the dyeings are not washable enough dyes are detached during the washing process or of dye degradation products and bleed into the wash liquor. By pulling these detached (bled) components onto the washed with other textiles results in "soiling", a Shifting of shades and / or staining due to bleeding, possibly unevenly distributed, newly drawn dye or Dye degradation products. The detachment and / or decomposition of dye one not enough real coloring is e.g. due to higher temperatures, repeated washing operations, liquor ratio of washing liquor to laundry, Composition of the detergents used and their concentration in the Washing liquor favors, including the type of washing machine used and washing programs have an influence on the detachment of dye or Dye degradation products of an insufficiently "suitable for household laundry" May be colored, e.g. due to the mechanical stress on the Items to be washed during washing etc. As further reasons for one The water quality used (e.g. through Chlorine content), the composition of certain additives for easy care Handling and the quality and structure of the textile material or fibers to be named. As an example of the above, wash items are out Cellulose fibers, especially called cotton; this is mostly with Direct dyes, reactive dyes, sulfur dyes, vat dyes or naphthol dyes, mainly with direct dyes or Reactive dyes. Both dyeings with direct dyes and dyeings with reactive dyes on cellulose tend to do more with repeated washing or less pronounced "bleeding" in the wash liquors - in the Washing liquors are therefore, for example, unfixed dye, hydrolyzed dye and / or cleaved dye - what about the above problems described leads.

• Ablösung der Farbstoffpartikel von der Textilfaser
• Redisposition auf einer anderen Stelle des Waschgutes.

The color transfer reaction is often divided into two steps:

• Detachment of the dye particles from the textile fiber
• Redisposition to another point in the laundry.

Various proposals have been made in the literature to prevent this reaction described.

For one, it is possible to remove the dye while it is being dissolved in the wash liquor is present to destroy oxidatively. When using conventional heavy duty detergents this is not a problem, since this usually consists of a bleaching system Perborate and a persalt activator, such as tetraacetylethylenediamine, TAED, contain. The resulting peracetic acid destroys the dissolved ones Dyes completely before it can be drawn onto the fiber. Disadvantageous is, however, that reactive perborate activators also cause color damage can come from bleaching the textile colors.

In addition to bleach activators, enzymes with peroxidase properties are also suitable for these applications (WO-A-91/05839).
Another way to prevent color transfer is to incorporate polymeric color transfer inhibitors into the detergent formulation.
Homopolymers of vinylimidazole and vinylpyrrolidone are used as preferred inhibitors.
DE-A-22 32 353 describes detergent formulations with reduced color transfer during the washing process, which contain polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).
DE-A-38 03 630 detergent additives to avoid color transfer during washing are known which contain polymers based on N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylimidazole or N-vinyloxazolidone.
DE-A-37 11 299 discloses polyvinylpyrrolidones grafted with vinyl esters as graying inhibitors for textiles containing synthetic fibers.

Often, these polymeric color transfer inhibitors are disadvantageous low solubility, especially in the case of modified polyvinylpyrrolidones incorporation into liquid detergent formulations is difficult, as is the insufficient biodegradability.

European Patent Application No. 93113207.0, not yet published (EP-A-0584709, published on March 2, 1994) discloses the use of water-soluble copolymers based on Acrylamidoalkylene sulfonic acid, vinyl acetamide and optionally others Monomers as detergent additive to prevent the reabsorption of detached dyes and dye degradation products. From the described However, copolymers cannot be polymer dispersions or redispersible dispersion powder, such as that obtained by drying aqueous Polymer dispersions are obtained, produce.

In the as yet unpublished European patent application no. 93113341.7 (EP-A-0584736, published on 2.3.94) the use of partially and / or fully hydrolyzed Polyvinyl alcohol as a detergent additive to prevent the Raising of dyes and dye products called. It has demonstrated that these polymers in the presence of boric acid or boric acid derivatives, in particular, perborates can also have undesirable side reactions and are therefore not very suitable for use in detergents containing boron.

From US-A-3 870 673 it is known to emulsifier-free polymer dispersions Polymerization of vinyl esters, ethylene and an acrylamide in aqueous To produce medium using a redox initiator system.

These polymer dispersions are finely divided and form after drying a more or less clear polymer film. They are suitable e.g. for the Consolidation of nonwovens, as a binder in emulsion paints and Paper coating slips, for the production of adhesives and glues, for the Use in the building materials sector, as a pigment binder for pigment printing and for Textile equipment.

It is also known from US-A-3,950,302 that emulsifier-free Polymer dispersions based on vinyl ester / ethylene / acetamide copolymers let powder be produced by drying, which by redispersion result in stable dispersions in water. The dispersion powders are suitable for Production of rewettable adhesive coatings and can also in wallpaper paste compositions and for wallpaper backing coatings, also as a binder in emulsion paints and plastic-bound plasters and use it for textile finishing.

bekannt, in der R ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein Methylolrest, R¹ ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein C₁-C₃-Alkylrest und R² ein Wasserstoffatom oder einen Methylrest bedeuten. Die Polymerdisperionen eignen sich als Bindemitteldispersionen in Dispersionsfarben und vorzugsweise als Ausgangsmaterialien für die Herstellung von redispergierbaren Filmen und Pulvern für Klebezwecke. Derartige redispergierbare Klebebeschichtungen finden insbesondere Anwendung bei Plangummierungen, Kleberollen, Leimen, Appreturen, Teppichklebern und Trägern für abwaschbare Malfarben.Furthermore, DE-C-29 05 121 describes a process for the preparation of an aqueous stable polymer dispersion by polymerizing at least one vinyl monomer which is free from carboxyl and amide groups and at least one carboxamide of the formula (I)

are known in which R is a hydrogen atom or a methylol radical, R ^{1 is} a hydrogen atom or a C ₁ -C ₃ alkyl radical and R ^{2 is} a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical. The polymer dispersions are suitable as binder dispersions in emulsion paints and preferably as starting materials for the production of redispersible films and powders for adhesive purposes. Such redispersible adhesive coatings are used in particular in the case of face rubbers, adhesive rolls, glues, finishes, carpet adhesives and carriers for washable stains.

From BE-A-643 864 liquid detergents are known which have an aqueous dispersion a styrene (meth) acrylic acid or styrene (meth) acrylic acid amide.

BE-725 083 also describes the use of styrene-acrylamide copolymers in liquid detergents.

in der R ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein Methylolrest, R¹ ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein C₁-C₃-Alkylrest und R² ein Wasserstoffatom oder einen Methylrest bedeuten und gegebenenfalls zusammen mit maximal 5 Gew.-% einer copolymerisierbaren, ungesättigten Carbonsäure als Waschmittelzusatz zur Verhinderung des Wiederaufziehens von abgelösten Farbstoffen und Farbstoffabbauprodukten (Farbübertragungsinhibitoren) eignen.It has now been found that copolymers containing 75-95% by weight of the total amount of at least one vinyl monomer which is free from carboxyl and amide groups, 5-20% by weight of at least one carboxamide of the formula (I)

in which R is a hydrogen atom or a methylol radical, R ^{1 is} a hydrogen atom or a C ₁ -C ₃ -alkyl radical and R ^{2 is} a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and optionally together with a maximum of 5% by weight of a copolymerizable, unsaturated carboxylic acid as detergent additive for prevention the removal of detached dyes and dye degradation products (color transfer inhibitors).

The invention relates to the use of copolymers according to claim 1 as detergent additive to prevent the detached from being removed Dyes and dye degradation products.

in der R³ (a) ein Wasserstoffatom oder einen Alkylrest mit 1, 2 oder 3 Kohlenstoffatomen, (b) einen homo- oder heterocyclischen Rest mit 5 oder 6 Ringgliedern, (c) einen Alkoxyrest mit 1, 2, 3 oder 4 Kohlenstoffatomen, (d) einen Alkylcarboxyrest mit 2 bis 18, vorzugsweise 2 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen, (ei eine Nitrilgruppe, (f) ein Halogenatom oder (g) einen Alkoxycarbonylrest mit 2 bis 12, vorzugsweise 2 bis 9 Kohlenstoffatomen bedeutet und R⁴ ein Wasserstoffatom oder ein Methylrest ist.The copolymers used according to the invention contain, as vinyl monomers, a polymerizable compound with an H ₂ C = CH group which is free of carboxyl and amide groups. Compounds of the formula (II) are particularly suitable

in which R ³ (a) represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms, (b) a homo- or heterocyclic radical having 5 or 6 ring members, (c) an alkoxy radical having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, (d) an alkylcarboxy radical having 2 to 18, preferably 2 to 10 carbon atoms, (ei a nitrile group, (f) a halogen atom or (g) an alkoxycarbonyl radical having 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 9 carbon atoms and R ^{4 is} a hydrogen atom or a Is methyl residue.

Suitable vinyl monomers are in particular (a) olefins, e.g. Ethylene, propylene and isobutylene, (b) styrene, N-vinylpyrrolidone and vinylpyridine, (c) vinyl ether, e.g. Vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether and vinyl n-butyl ether, (d) vinyl esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids, e.g. Vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, Vinyl pivalate, vinyl laurate and vinyl decanates, (e) acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, (f) Vinyl halides, e.g. Vinyl chloride and propenyl chloride and (g) acrylic acid esters or methacrylic acid esters of monohydric alkanols, e.g. Methyl acrylate, Ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, Ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate and 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate. Suitable vinyl monomers are also Maleic acid diesters and fumaric acid diesters, especially of monovalent ones Alkanols having 2 to 10, preferably 3 to 8 carbon atoms, e.g. Dibutyl maleate, dihexyl maleate, dioctyl maleate, dibutyl fumarate, Dihexyl fumarate and dioctyl fumarate.

It is particularly advantageous to use a vinyl ester as the vinyl monomer, optionally together with another of the vinyl monomers mentioned, preferably an olefin or a (meth) acrylic acid ester. The amount of for copolymerization with a vinyl amide carboxylic acid amide or vinyl monomer mixture is 95 to 75% by weight, preferably 90 to 85% by weight of the total amount of monomers. If a vinyl ester with one If further vinyl monomers are used, the proportion of the vinyl ester is usually at least 50% by weight, preferably 75 to 95% by weight, of the Total amount of vinyl monomers.

Examples of carboxamides of the formula (I) are acrylamide, Methacrylamide and crotonic acid amide used as well as N-methylolacrylamide, N-methylol methacrylamide and N-methylol crotoxamide. The amount of Carboxamides is 5 to 20% by weight, preferably 7 to 14% by weight, the total amount of monomer.

A copolymerizable is optionally also used as a further monomer unsaturated carboxylic acid used, especially an aliphatic Monocarboxylic acid with 3 or 4 carbon atoms or an aliphatic Dicarboxylic acid with 4 or 5 carbon atoms.

Suitable unsaturated carboxylic acids are, for example, acrylic acid, Methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, maleic acid and fumaric acid. The The amount of the carboxylic acid is at most 5% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3.0 % By weight of the total amount of monomer.

The copolymers used according to the invention can be prepared analogously to the process of EP-A-0 014 450. For the reasons mentioned in the introduction, however, the use of poly (vinyl alcohol), for example as a protective colloid, is not suitable, which is why the copolymers used according to the invention are free of poly (vinyl alcohol).
The polymer dispersions produced generally have a solids content of 40 to 70% by weight, preferably 45 to 60% by weight. The viscosity of the dispersions is usually in the range from 1 to 20 Pa · s, preferably from 1.5 to 7.0 Pa · s (measured according to Epprecht).

They are suitable as color transfer inhibitors in liquid detergents and also serve as the starting material for the production of redispersible powders. The powders are obtained by drying, for example drum drying, freeze drying and preferably spray drying, the polymer dispersion. Redispersible powders based on the aqueous dispersions are used according to the invention as color transfer inhibitors in solid detergents, the aggregate particle size generally being initially between 800 and 1000 μm.
Examples of copolymer dispersions according to the invention are dispersions based on vinyl acetate, ethylene and an acrylic acid derivative, such as acrylic acid amide.

(a) anionische, nicht-ionogene und/oder zwitterionische waschaktive Tenside sind. Die anionischen waschaktiven Tenside sind vornehmlich Sulfonate, wie Alkylarylsulfonate, z.B. Dodecylbenzolsulfonat, Alkylsulfonate und Alkenylsulfonate, und Sulfate, z.B. Alkylsulfate, Sulfate ethoxylierter Amide, Ester von α-Sulfofettsäuren oder auch Seifen von natürlichen, gegebenenfalls modifizierten oder synthetischen Fettsäuren, wobei die anionaktiven Tenside vorteilhaft in Salzform vorliegen, z.B. als Alkalimetallsalz (Natrium, Kalium), als Ammoniumsalz oder als Salz organischer Basen, insbesondere Monoethanolamin-, Diethanolamin- oder Triethanolaminsalze. Weiterhin zählen zu den anionischen Tensiden Sulfosuccinate, Alkylethersulfate, Alkylethercarboxylate und Fettsäurekondensationsprodukte, wie sie üblicherweise in Wasch- und Reinigungsformulierungen Verwendung finden. Als nicht-ionogene waschaktive Tenside kommen vornehmlich Polyethylenglykolether höherer Alkohole oder Alkylphenole, Polyethylenglykolester von Fettsäuren und Polyoxyethylierungsprodukte von Fettsäureamiden in Betracht. Die Fettreste bzw. Alkyl- und Alkylenreste in den obengenannten Tensiden bzw. Alkoholen oder Fettsäuren enthalten beispielsweise 8 - 20 Kohlenstoffatome; Aryl steht vornehmlich für Phenyl; die Polyethylenglykolketten können beispielsweise 3 - 80 Ethylenoxygruppen enthalten und gegebenenfalls aus Propylenoxyeinheiten bestehen. Typische nicht-ionogene Tenside sind Alkylpolyethoxilate, Alkylpolyglycoside, Glucamide, Alkylamin-N-oxide, Alkylphosphinoxide und Kondensationsprodukte aus Fettalkoholen mit Ethylenoxid und Propylenoxid.Bevorzugt als (a) unter den anionischen Tensiden sind die Alkylbenzolsulfonate, die Alkansulfonate, die Alkylsulfonate und die Seifen und unter den nichtionogenen Tensiden die Alkylpolyglykolether.Beispiel zwitterionischer Tenside sind Derivate aliphatischer quaternärer Ammonium-, Phosphonium- und Sulphoniumverbindungen, wie sie aus US-A-3 925 262 und US-A-3 929 678 bekannt sind.Je nach Einsatzgebiet und Verwendungszweck der Waschmittel können diese beispielsweise allein aus den Komponenten (a), wie oben beschrieben, bestehen (z.B. für industrielle Zwecke) oder noch einen oder mehrere weitere Zusätze enthalten (z.B. auch für industrielle Zwecke oder insbesondere für Haushaltswaschmittel), wobei im wesentlichen die folgenden Zusätze genannt werden können:

(b) Sequestriermittel

(c) Enzyme

(d) Bleichmittel - gegebenenfalls zusammen mit üblichen Bleichzusätzen, insbesondere (d₁) Altivatoren und/oder (d₂) Stabilisatoren

(e) Waschalkalien

(f) Schmutzträger.

The detergents which contain the color transfer inhibitors according to the invention can be both industrial detergents and household detergents. These include, in particular, powdery and liquid heavy-duty detergents, powdery and liquid mild detergents, such as stain salts and pastes, and laundry detergents (fabric conditioner and fabric softener). The most important component of detergents are the detersive surfactants, which are primarily

(a) are anionic, non-ionic and / or zwitterionic detergent surfactants. The anionic detersive surfactants are primarily sulfonates, such as alkylarylsulfonates, for example dodecylbenzenesulfonate, alkylsulfonates and alkenylsulfonates, and sulfates, for example alkylsulfates, sulfates of ethoxylated amides, esters of α-sulfo fatty acids or soaps of natural, optionally modified or synthetic fatty acids, the anionic surfactants being advantageous, the anionic surfactants being advantageous are in salt form, for example as an alkali metal salt (sodium, potassium), as an ammonium salt or as a salt of organic bases, in particular monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or triethanolamine salts. The anionic surfactants also include sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl ether carboxylates and fatty acid condensation products, as are customarily used in washing and cleaning formulations. Suitable non-ionic detergent surfactants are primarily polyethylene glycol ethers of higher alcohols or alkylphenols, polyethylene glycol esters of fatty acids and polyoxyethylation products of fatty acid amides. The fat residues or alkyl and alkylene residues in the above-mentioned surfactants or alcohols or fatty acids contain, for example, 8-20 carbon atoms; Aryl primarily stands for phenyl; the polyethylene glycol chains can contain, for example, 3-80 ethyleneoxy groups and optionally consist of propyleneoxy units. Typical nonionic surfactants are alkyl polyethoxylates, alkyl polyglycosides, glucamides, alkylamine N-oxides, alkylphosphine oxides and condensation products from fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Preferred as (a) among the anionic surfactants are the alkylbenzenesulfonates, the alkanesulfonates, the alkylsulfonates and the soaps among the nonionic surfactants, the alkyl polyglycol ethers. Examples of zwitterionic surfactants are derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium, phosphonium and sulphonium compounds, as are known from US Pat. Nos. 3,925,262 and 3,929,678. Depending on the area of use and intended use of the detergents For example, these may consist solely of components (a), as described above (for example for industrial purposes) or contain one or more further additives (for example also for industrial purposes or in particular for household detergents), the following additives being essentially mentioned can:

(b) sequestrant

(c) enzymes

(d) bleaching agents - optionally together with customary bleaching additives, in particular (d ₁ ) altivators and / or (d ₂ ) stabilizers

(e) Washing alkalis

(f) dirt carrier.

Conventional complexing substances can be mentioned as sequestering agents (b) are, for example aminopolyacetates (in particular nitrilotriacetate or Ethylenediaminetetraacetate) aminopolymethylene phosphates, sodium triphosphate, Sodium tripolyphosphates, sodium aluminum silicates, sodium silicate, Magnesium silicate, zeolite A, polyacrylates (e.g. ammonium polyacrylates), poly-α-hydroxyacrylates and salts of hydroxycarboxylic acids (e.g. sodium citrate, Sodium tartrate and sodium gluconate).

The usual proteases, lipases, Cellulases and amylases can be mentioned.

Suitable bleaching agents (d) are customary peroxy compounds, for example perborates, percarbonates, perphosphates or peroxides, especially as alkali metal salts or, especially in liquid formulations, also hydrogen peroxide. Can be used as stabilizers for the per compounds For example, the above sequestering agents come into question, and as optionally present activators can be conventional carboxylic acids or Amido derivatives may be mentioned.

Common bases can be used as washing alkalis (e), for example Ammonium or alkali metal silicates, phosphates, carbonates, borates or hydroxides; the above respective alkaline per compounds can may also act as washing alkalis.

The usual dirt carriers (f) are present Substances into consideration, in particular benzotriazoles, ethylene thiourea or Cellulose ether (e.g. carboxymethyl cellulose).

If necessary, the detergents can contain further additives, for example defoamers (or foam stabilizers), fragrances, Disinfectants, buffer salts, active chlorine-releasing compounds, Corrosion protection agents, solvents, solubilizers, equipment or Carriers, preservatives and other electrolytes (e.g. Sodium sulfate).

The quantitative compositions of the detergents can vary Manufacturer and purpose vary widely.

The copolymers used according to the invention can individually in the Given washing liquors or, if desired, incorporated into the detergents become.

Washing takes place primarily under slightly acidic to clearly basic Conditions, advantageously at pH values in the range of 6-12, preferably 7- 10. The additives according to the invention are advantageously used in concentrations of 0.05 to 10 g / l, preferably 0.5 to 4 g / l aqueous washing liquor used. Of the The content of these compounds in the detergent formulation is advantageously in Range from 0.2 to 10% by weight, preferably 1-6% by weight.

Washing can be done under normal conditions and as in the respective washing programs of standard washing machines provided, expediently in a total washing process in which all Components are present in the fleet and are preferably added. The washing temperature can also fluctuate in usual ranges, e.g. in the Range of 15 - 95 ° C, being the ones for colored laundry and common today Temperatures in the range of 30-60 ° C are preferred here.

Any materials can be washed, as they are in industry and Household are provided for the respective washing processes, e.g. loose fibers, Filaments, threads, bobbins, fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens, open webs, Tubular goods, velvet, felt, tufted goods, carpets, structured, porous fabric-like plastic materials (such as those for household and clothing Find use) and especially semi-finished and finished goods. The substrates can consist of any common materials, e.g. more natural or regenerated cellulose (e.g. cotton, linen, hemp, viscose), natural Polyamides (e.g. wool, silk) or synthetic materials (e.g. polyamides, Polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene or polyurethane) and their Mixtures. Of particular note are the cellulose-containing ones Substrates and, above all, colored laundry, the colored cellulose substrates contains.

The detergent additives according to the invention are mixed with the usual detergent, e.g. as listed above, well tolerated and practically do not impair their washing effect, but can even support them. You prevent surprisingly good recovery of bled dyes and Dye degradation products on the washed, especially on the washed material and can be analogous to the others Wash out wash liquor components from the washed material. she do not attack the laundry. They stand out from the known ones polymeric color transfer inhibitors through mostly superior performance and also have good biodegradability. Depending on Consistency of the detergent formulation - whether liquid or powder - can be a Dosing of the color inhibiting additives according to the invention in the Packaging either as an aqueous dispersion or as redispersible dispersion powder.

Examples: Color transfer inhibitors used: Example 1:

55% by weight aqueous polymer dispersion of a copolymer of 80% by weight Vinyl acetate, 10% by weight of ethylene and 10% by weight of acrylic acid amide

Example 2:

Redispersible dispersion powder produced by spray drying the aqueous polymer dispersion according to Example 1.

Washing attempts in the Launder-O-meter:

The washing tests were carried out in a Launder-O-meter at 40 ° C. The washing time was 40 minutes. The detergent concentration 4 g / l WMP test detergent (laundry research Krefeld). The water hardness was 16 ° dH. 1.25 g of cotton fabric, dyed with a brown textile dye (®Diamin Braun-BK; Hoechst AG, DE) were washed together with white cotton fabric in 400 ml of wash liquor.
In each case 1.3% by weight, based on the test detergent, of the copolymer used according to the invention, based on the solids content, was added to the wash liquor and the whiteness of the white fabric after the washing process was determined by remission measurement. The comparative substance used was polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with a weight-average molecular weight M _w of about 10,000 used. connection White tissue remission after washing example 1 59.8% Example 2 58.9% comparison PVP 56.1% without addition 55.2% The result makes it clear that the compounds claimed according to the invention significantly prevent the color transfer of the brown dye from the dyed fabric to the white fabric.
At comparable application concentrations, the compounds according to the invention are superior in effectiveness to the previous standard polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP).

Claims (15)

1. The use of a copolymer comprising
   75 - 95% by weight of the total amount of monomer of at least one vinyl monomer which is free from carboxyl and amide groups,
   5 - 20% by weight of at least one carboxylic acid amide of the formula (I)

   

   in which

   R

   is a hydrogen atom or a methylol radical,

   R¹

   is a hydrogen atom or a C₁-C₃-alkyl radical and

   R²

   is a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical,

   and if appropriate together with not more than 5% by weight of a copolymerizable unsaturated carboxylic acid, as a detergent additive for preventing reabsorption of detached dyestuffs and dyestuff degradation products.
2. The use as claimed in claim 1 of a copolymer comprising
   85 - 90% by weight of the total amount of monomer of at least one vinyl monomer which is free from carboxyl and amide groups,
   7 - 14% by weight of at least one carboxylic acid amide of the formula (I) and
   0.1 - 3.0% by weight of a copolymerizable, unsaturated carboxylic acid.
3. The use as claimed in claim 1 of a copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises, as the vinyl monomer, olefins, preferably ethylene, propylene and/or isobutylene, vinyl ethers, preferably vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether and/or vinyl n-butyl ether, vinyl esters of aliphatic carboxylic acids having 2 to 18, preferably 2 to 10, carbon atoms and/or (meth)acrylic acid esters of C₂-C₉-alkanols.
4. The use as claimed in claim 1 of a copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises at least two vinyl monomers which are free from carboxyl and amide groups, the content of the vinyl ester being at least 50% by weight of the total amount of the vinyl monomers.
5. The use as claimed in claim 4 of a copolymer, wherein the content of the vinyl ester is 75 to 95% by weight of the vinyl monomers.
6. The use as claimed in claim 1 of a copolymer, wherein the copolymer comprises, as the copolymerizable, unsaturated carboxylic acid, an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 3 or 4 carbon atoms or an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 or 5 carbon atoms.
7. The use as claimed in claim 1 of a copolymer, wherein the copolymer is employed in the form of an aqueous polymer dispersion.
8. The use as claimed in claim 7, wherein the aqueous polymer dispersion has a solids content of 40 to 70% by weight, preferably 45 to 60% by weight.
9. The use as claimed in claim 8, wherein the aqueous polymer dispersion has a viscosity in the range from 1 to 20 Pa·s (measured by the Epprecht method).
10. The use as claimed in claim 1 of a copolymer, wherein the copolymer is employed as a dispersion powder.
11. The use as claimed in claim 1 as an additive to an industrial detergent or domestic detergent.
12. A detergent which contains a copolymer as claimed in claim 1, those copolymers being excluded which comprise styrene as the vinyl monomer.
13. A detergent as claimed in claim 12 which is a textile detergent, detergent booster and/or laundry after-treatment agent.
14. A detergent as claimed in claim 12, comprising an anionic, nonionic and/or zwitterionic surfactant.
15. A detergent as claimed in claim 14, additionally comprising a sequestering agent, an optical brightener, an enzyme, a bleaching agent and if appropriate a stabilizer and an activator and/or a washing alkali.