EP0604599B1 - Apparatus for driving an wobbling body - Google Patents

Apparatus for driving an wobbling body Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0604599B1
EP0604599B1 EP93909743A EP93909743A EP0604599B1 EP 0604599 B1 EP0604599 B1 EP 0604599B1 EP 93909743 A EP93909743 A EP 93909743A EP 93909743 A EP93909743 A EP 93909743A EP 0604599 B1 EP0604599 B1 EP 0604599B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
guide
oloid
axis
belt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP93909743A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0604599A1 (en
Inventor
Pio Meyer
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Bioengineering AG
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Bioengineering AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F29/00—Mixers with rotating receptacles
    • B01F29/30—Mixing the contents of individual packages or containers, e.g. by rotating tins or bottles
    • B01F29/32—Containers specially adapted for coupling to rotating frames or the like; Coupling means therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for driving a wobble body according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • CH patent 500,000 describes a device for generating a wobbling movement. This consists of a body which the inventor Paul Schatz calls an "oloid" in his book “Rhythm Research and Technology” (Stuttgart 1975). According to CH-A1 500 000, this oloid is driven by an endless belt on which the oloid is placed.
  • a device is known with which a body is also set in a tumbling motion.
  • the type of wobble is completely different from what is meant here.
  • a cylinder body is rotated uniformly about its longitudinal axis.
  • This first cylinder body is designed in such a way that it is suitable for receiving a second, essentially likewise cylindrical body.
  • the longitudinal axes of the two cylinder bodies now intersect at a certain, predetermined angle.
  • the longitudinal axis of the second cylinder body used - which is generally proposed as a drum-shaped receptacle for mixed material or the like - describes a double cone about the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder body in the course of one revolution of the first cylinder body.
  • the center of gravity of the contents moves both radially and axially with respect to the center of the receptacle. Because of the uniformity of the rotation of the second cylinder axis about the first, however, the movement characteristics of both the receptacle, the contents and its center of gravity are completely different from those envisaged here.
  • the object on which this present invention is based is to create a drive for an oloid body which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned and is equally suitable for oloids within a large dimensional range.
  • FIG. 1a, b schematically show an oloid in different layers on an endless belt 2 which rotates in the direction of the arrow with a uniform movement.
  • the horizontally running band 2 three levels E1, E2, E3 are erected in the spirit, which run vertically, that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the levels E1, E2 flank the endless belt 2 and are parallel to its direction of movement; the third level E3 is both perpendicular to the horizontal plane and on the levels E1, E2.
  • the oloid If the oloid is initially at rest in its unstable equilibrium position on band 2, its line of contact lies in the line of intersection of the horizontal plane (or band 2) with plane E3. Furthermore, the oloid has a longitudinal axis which, in the said equilibrium position, also extends in the plane E3 and pierces the planes E1, E2 in two points, the penetration points D1, D2.
  • the penetration points D1, D2 of the longitudinal axis 3 of the oloid on the planes E1, E2 each describe an oval curve K1, K2.
  • the sizes and shapes of the oval curves K1, K2 depend on the lateral spacing of the planes E1, E2 from the respective edge of the band 2nd
  • Fig. 1a shows three positions of the oloid 1 during a full rotation about the - not spatially fixed - longitudinal axis 3; In Fig. 1b this number is reduced to two for the sake of clarity, the top and the lowest extreme position of the intersection points D1, D2 indicate.
  • the belt 2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention.
  • an oloid-shaped hollow body 4 which is designed, for example, as a mixing vessel and has a closable opening 5.
  • the hollow body 4 is constructed somewhat differently from the oloid shape, in such a way that one segment is cut off and a hollow shaft 6, for example hollow, passes through a surface 7 that cuts off the segment at right angles.
  • the contact line lying on the belt 2 in the two extreme positions of the hollow body 4 is somewhat shortened. This allows the band 2 to be made so much narrower that the shaft 6 can be led out laterally.
  • the guide rail 8 is mounted in a strong frame 11 by means of four spring joints 10 so that it has the influence in the vertical direction can compensate for the tolerances mentioned.
  • the number four is not essential to the invention; six or eight such spring joints 10 can also be provided.
  • the compensation in the horizontal direction is applied by slipping on the endless belt 2.
  • the carriage 9 shown in plan view in FIG. 3 a, in partial longitudinal section in FIG. 3 b, consists of a frame 12, which carries two guide wheels 13, for example, with ball bearings with grooves 14. These encompass the guide rail 8.
  • the carriage 9 can therefore only move in the plane defined by the guide rail 8.
  • the frame 12 carries a swivel joint 19, the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the tangent to the guide rail 8.
  • a plate 20 is rotatably fastened to the frame 12 by means of the swivel joint 19.
  • This plate 20 carries a transverse axis 15, by means of which a guide body 16 is pivotally mounted.
  • the transverse axis 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the swivel joint 19 and has the direction of the tangent to the guide rail 8.
  • the shaft 6 is rotatably and longitudinally displaceable, which is indicated in Fig. 3b by arrows.
  • FIG. 4 A variant of the carriage 9 shown in FIGS. 3a, b is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the carriage 9 is supplemented by a third guide wheel 18, which is supported by a frame part 22 connected to the frame 12 by a hinge joint 21.
  • the frame part 22 is pressed away from the frame 12 by a spring 17; the third guide wheel 18 thus remains in frictional engagement with the guide rail 8.
  • FIG. 5a shows an elevation again from one side
  • FIG. 5b shows a view from above.
  • a slide 59 runs in each frame 11 and is freely movable in the horizontal direction.
  • the two slides 59 each carry a bearing body 23 which can be rotated about the vertical axis and which contains a sliding bearing for a rod 24 which is axially displaceable through both bearing bodies 23.
  • the rod 24 is fastened to a head 25 which can be rotated about the vertical axis. This sits on a swivel arm 26 rotatable about the vertical axis, the bearing 28 of which is fastened on a crossmember 27 which connects and stabilizes the two frames 11.
  • the shaft 6 is rotatably supported in a ball 29 and axially displaceable; said ball 29 rotates in a carriage 60 which is vertically freely movable on carriage 59.
  • the positive guidance caused by the rod 24 ensures that the hollow body does not run away horizontally with the belt 2, but instead executes its own wobbling movement.
  • the rod 24 By mounting the rod 24 on the swivel arm 26, the transverse movement of the center of gravity of the hollow body 4 is absorbed.
  • a skeleton body 31 formed from partially bent rods 30, as shown in FIGS. 6a, b in plan and elevation. Therefore, a simply designed vessel 40, for example a commercially available chemical drum with rods 32 and bands 33, can be fastened inside the skeleton body 31.
  • the shaft 6 can also be hollow. Then the device according to the invention is also suitable for mixing liquid or solid materials in the flow-through method.
  • the shaft 6 is provided at each end with a rotary feedthrough known per se. With such rotary unions, several components can be added; Furthermore, the introduction of measuring probes for pressure, temperature, pH and other parameters is possible without any problems.
  • the oloid hollow body 4 lies - as in the first exemplary embodiment - on the driven endless belt 2 moving in the direction of the arrow.
  • the shaft 6 runs through the described guide bodies 16, which are connected by means of joints 34 to a push rod 35 each are.
  • the push rods 35 each run horizontally in a bearing 36 which, carried by a carriage 37, can carry out a vertical movement.
  • the carriages 37 are guided on two vertical rails 38 by means of rollers 39.
  • the ends of the push rods 35 facing away from the hollow body 4 are also provided with joints 34, which allow both rotational and pivoting movements with respect to the push rods 35, and in turn are articulated on guide bodies 16.
  • a rod 41 slides through these last-mentioned guide bodies 16, to the center of which a joint 42 is fastened, the other part of which can be rotated about an axis 44 in a pivot bearing 43.
  • the fixed part of the pivot bearing 43 is fixed to a guide 45 which slides on a vertical rod 46.
  • the guide bodies adjacent to the shaft 6 describe the oval curves K 1, K 2 described in FIG the push rods are forced on each other via the rod 41.
  • the vertical movement of the geometric center of gravity of the hollow body 4 is made possible by the guide 45 sliding on the rod 46.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Structure Of Belt Conveyors (AREA)
  • Chain Conveyers (AREA)
  • Framework For Endless Conveyors (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Attitude Control For Articles On Conveyors (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/CH93/00134 Sec. 371 Date Jun. 17, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jun. 17, 1994 PCT Filed May 26, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/02235 PCT Pub. Date Feb. 3, 1994.An oloid-shaped body is placed on, and driven by, a conveyor belt. Two embodiments of the oloid shaped body are a hollow body with a closable opening, and a skeleton body for attachment of vessels. A shaft is attached to the oloid-shaped body and has the position and direction of the longitudinal axis of the oloid-shaped body. A hollow shaft allows access to the oloid-shaped body during movement. A frame is positioned on either side of the conveyor belt, with a plurality of spring attachments connecting an oval guiding rail to each of the frames. A carriage runs around each of the guiding rails and guides an end of the shaft in an oval path. In this manner the oloid-shaped body tumbles in a stationary location on the conveyor belt. An alternative to using the combination of frames, guiding rails, and carriages, is the use of a mechanism which causes the two ends of the shaft to rotate in the same rotational path but in opposite directions.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Antrieb eines Taumelkörpers gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The present invention relates to a device for driving a wobble body according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

Im CH-Patent 500 000 ist eine Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen einer taumelnden Bewegung beschrieben. Diese besteht aus einem Körper, den der Erfinder Paul Schatz in seinem Buche "Rhythmusforschung und Technik" (Stuttgart 1975) ein "Oloid" nennt. Angetrieben wird dieses Oloid gemäss CH-A1 500 000 durch ein endloses Band, auf welches das Oloid aufgelegt wird.CH patent 500,000 describes a device for generating a wobbling movement. This consists of a body which the inventor Paul Schatz calls an "oloid" in his book "Rhythm Research and Technology" (Stuttgart 1975). According to CH-A1 500 000, this oloid is driven by an endless belt on which the oloid is placed.

In der Praxis hat sich dieser Antrieb nicht durchsetzen können, da dies einerseits eine ideale Fertigungsgenauigkeit des Oloides voraussetzt, und anderseits beim Abrollen des Oloides auf dem Band keinerlei Schlupf entstehen darf. Führungsrollen, wie dies bei trommelförmigen Wälzkörpern möglich ist, sind bei der Form des Oloides ausgeschlossen: Es besitzt zwar - wie ein Zylinder - eine gerade Berührungslinie auf einer Ebene, nur ändert sich der Winkel dieser Berührungslinie zur Fortbewegungsrichtung des Bandes in oszillatorischer Weise. Die Erfindung hat sich daher auch nie durchzusetzen vermocht, im Gegensatz zur Lösung gemäss dem CH-Patent 216 760, in welchem der Hohlkörper, welcher eine taumelnde Bewegung ausführt, als Glied einer halben Bricard-Gelenkkette gelagert ist. Diese Lösung hat sich in verschiedenen Ausführungsformen und mit verschiedenen Antriebsmitteln im Markte durchgesetzt. Allerdings haftet ihr ein schwerer Nachteil an, der es verhindert, eine Mischmaschine nach dem Oloid- oder Inversionsprinzip zu bauen, deren Fassungsvermögen bei einem oder mehreren Kubikmetern liegt. Dieser Nachteil liegt in den grossen Massenkräften, die beim Betrieb auftreten, und nach Grösse und Richtung dauernd ändern. Die Massenkräfte verlangen ausserordentlich kräftige Dimensionierung aller Bauteile und stellen extreme Anforderungen an das Fundament einer solchen Maschine.In practice, this drive has not been able to assert itself, since on the one hand this presupposes an ideal manufacturing accuracy of the oloid and on the other hand no slippage must occur when the oloid is rolled on the belt. Guide rollers, as is possible with drum-shaped rolling elements, are excluded from the shape of the oloid: Although it has - like a cylinder - a straight line of contact on one level, the angle of this line of contact to the direction of travel of the strip changes in an oscillatory manner. The invention has therefore never been able to prevail, in contrast to the solution according to Swiss Patent 216 760, in which the hollow body, which carries out a tumbling movement, is mounted as a link of half a Bricard link chain. This solution has prevailed in the market in various embodiments and with different drive means. However, there is a serious disadvantage that prevents it from building a mixer according to the oloid or inversion principle, the capacity of which is one or more cubic meters. This disadvantage lies in the large mass forces that occur during operation and change constantly in size and direction. The mass forces require extremely strong dimensions of all components and place extreme demands on the foundation of such a machine.

Aus CH-422 723 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, mit welcher ebenfalls ein Körper in eine taumelnde Bewegung versetzt wird. Die Art der Taumelbewegung ist allerdings von der hier gemeinten völlig verschieden. In CH-422 723 wird ein Zylinderkörper um seine Längsachse in gleichförmige Drehbewegung versetzt. Dieser erste Zylinderkörper ist so ausgestaltet, dass er zur Aufnahme eines zweiten, im wesentlichen ebenfalls zylindrischen Körpers geeignet ist. Die Längsachsen der beiden Zylinderkörper schneiden einander nun unter einem bestimmten, vorgegebenen Winkel. Dadurch beschreibt die Längsachse des zweiten, eingesetzten Zylinderkörpers - der in der Regel als trommelförmiges Aufnahmegefäss für Mischgut oder dergleichen vorgeschlagen ist - im Laufe einer Umdrehung des ersten Zylinderkörpers einen Doppelkegel um die Längsachse des ersten Zylinderkörpers. Ist das trommelförmige Aufnahmegefäss nicht zur Gänze gefüllt oder sein Inhalt dichtemässig stark inhomogen, so bewegt sich der Schwerpunkt des Inhaltes sowohl radial als auch axial in bezug auf das Zentrum des Aufnahmegefässes. Wegen der Gleichförmigkeit der Drehung der zweiten Zylinderachse um die erste ist jedoch die Bewegungscharakteristik sowohl des Aufnabmegefässes, wie des Inhaltes und seines Schwerpunktes eine völlig andere, als vorliegend ins Auge gefasst.From CH-422 723 a device is known with which a body is also set in a tumbling motion. However, the type of wobble is completely different from what is meant here. In CH-422 723, a cylinder body is rotated uniformly about its longitudinal axis. This first cylinder body is designed in such a way that it is suitable for receiving a second, essentially likewise cylindrical body. The longitudinal axes of the two cylinder bodies now intersect at a certain, predetermined angle. As a result, the longitudinal axis of the second cylinder body used - which is generally proposed as a drum-shaped receptacle for mixed material or the like - describes a double cone about the longitudinal axis of the first cylinder body in the course of one revolution of the first cylinder body. If the drum-shaped receptacle is not completely filled or its contents are densely inhomogeneous, the center of gravity of the contents moves both radially and axially with respect to the center of the receptacle. Because of the uniformity of the rotation of the second cylinder axis about the first, however, the movement characteristics of both the receptacle, the contents and its center of gravity are completely different from those envisaged here.

Die Aufgabe, die dieser vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegt, ist die Schaffung eines Antriebs für einen Oloid-Körper, der die genannten Nachteile überwindet und sich für Oloide innerhalb eines grossen Dimensionsbereiches gleichermassen eignet.The object on which this present invention is based is to create a drive for an oloid body which overcomes the disadvantages mentioned and is equally suitable for oloids within a large dimensional range.

Die Lösung ist wiedergegeben im Patentanspruch 1 hinsichtlich des zentralen Erfindungsgedankens, in den Patentansprüchen 2 bis 10 hinsichtlich weiterer Ausgestaltungen.The solution is given in claim 1 with regard to the central idea of the invention, in claims 2 to 10 with regard to further refinements.

Anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnung wird der Erfindungsgedanke mit mehreren Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert.The concept of the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of the attached drawing with several exemplary embodiments.

Es zeigen

Fig. 1a, b
in schematischer Weise die geometrischen Verhältnisse bei der Bewegung eines Oloides,
Fig. 2a, b
ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel in zwei Seitenansichten,
Fig. 3a, b
ein Detail aus Fig. 2a in Draufsicht und teilweise im Schnitt,
Fig. 4
eine Variante zu Fig. 3a,
Fig. 5a, b
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Seitenansicht und einer Draufsicht,
Fig. 6
eine Variante zu einem Bauteil,
Fig. 7
ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Seitenansicht.
Show it
Fig. 1a, b
schematically the geometric relationships when moving an oloid,
2a, b
a first embodiment in two side views,
3a, b
2 shows a detail from FIG. 2a in plan view and partly in section,
Fig. 4
a variant of Fig. 3a,
5a, b
a second embodiment in a side view and a plan view,
Fig. 6
a variant of a component,
Fig. 7
a third embodiment in a side view.

Fig. 1a, b zeigt in schematischer Weise ein Oloid in verschiedenen Lagen auf einem endlosen Band 2, das in der Pfeilrichtung mit gleichförmiger Bewegung umläuft. Mit Beziehung auf das horizontal laufende Band 2 sind in gedanklicher Hinsicht drei Ebenen E₁, E₂, E₃ errichtet, die vertikal, also senkrecht zur Horizontalebene verlaufen. Die Ebenen E₁, E₂ flankieren das endlose Band 2 und liegen parallel zu seiner Bewegungsrichtung; die dritte Ebene E₃ steht sowohl senkrecht auf der Horizontalebene als auch auf den Ebenen E₁, E₂.1a, b schematically show an oloid in different layers on an endless belt 2 which rotates in the direction of the arrow with a uniform movement. With regard to the horizontally running band 2, three levels E₁, E₂, E₃ are erected in the spirit, which run vertically, that is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The levels E₁, E₂ flank the endless belt 2 and are parallel to its direction of movement; the third level E₃ is both perpendicular to the horizontal plane and on the levels E₁, E₂.

Liegt das Oloid zunächst in Ruhe in seiner labilen Gleichgewichtslage auf dem Band 2, so liegt seine Berührungslinie in der Schnittgeraden der Horizontalebene (bzw. des Bandes 2) mit der Ebene E₃. Ferner hat das Oloid eine Längsachse, die in der genannten Gleichgewichtslage ebenfalls in der Ebene E₃ verläuft und die Ebenen E₁, E₂ in zwei Punkten, den Durchstosspunkten D₁, D₂ durchstösst.If the oloid is initially at rest in its unstable equilibrium position on band 2, its line of contact lies in the line of intersection of the horizontal plane (or band 2) with plane E₃. Furthermore, the oloid has a longitudinal axis which, in the said equilibrium position, also extends in the plane E₃ and pierces the planes E₁, E₂ in two points, the penetration points D₁, D₂.

Falls die Taumelbewegung des Oloides so abläuft, dass der Schwerpunkt in der senkrecht zum Band 2 verlaufenden Ebene E₃ bleibt, dann beschreiben die Durchstosspunkte D₁, D₂ der Längsachse 3 des Oloides auf den Ebenen E₁, E₂ je eine Ovalkurve K₁, K₂. Die Grössen und Formen der Oval-Kurven K₁, K₂ sind abhängig von den seitlichen Abständen der Ebenen E₁, E₂ von der jeweiligen Kante des Bandes 2.If the tumbling movement of the oloid is such that the center of gravity remains in the plane E₃ running perpendicular to the band 2, then the penetration points D₁, D₂ of the longitudinal axis 3 of the oloid on the planes E₁, E₂ each describe an oval curve K₁, K₂. The sizes and shapes of the oval curves K₁, K₂ depend on the lateral spacing of the planes E₁, E₂ from the respective edge of the band 2nd

Fig. 1a zeigt drei Stellungen des Oloides 1 während einer vollen Umdrehung um die - nicht raumfeste - Längsachse 3; in Fig. 1b ist diese Zahl der Uebersichtlichkeit halber auf zwei reduziert, um die oberste und die unterste Extremlage der Durchstosspunkte D₁, D₂ anzuzeigen.Fig. 1a shows three positions of the oloid 1 during a full rotation about the - not spatially fixed - longitudinal axis 3; In Fig. 1b this number is reduced to two for the sake of clarity, the top and the lowest extreme position of the intersection points D₁, D₂ indicate.

Fig. 2 zeigt ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung. Auf dem Band 2 liegt ein oloidförmiger Hohlkörper 4, der beispielsweise als Mischgefäss ausgebildet ist und eine verschliessbare Oeffnung 5 aufweist. An den beiden Enden ist der Hohlkörper 4 etwas abweichend von der Oloidform gebaut, dergestalt, dass jeweils ein Segment abgeschnitten ist, und eine, beispielsweise hohle Welle 6 durch eine das Segment abschneidende Fläche 7 rechtwinklig hindurchgeht. Damit wird die jeweils auf dem Band 2 aufliegende Berührungslinie in den zwei Extremlagen des Hohlkörpers 4 etwas verkürzt. Dies erlaubt, das Band 2 um soviel schmaler auszugestalten, dass die Welle 6 seitlich herausgeführt werden kann. Die in Fig. 1a mit K₁, K₂ bezeichneten Ovalkurven sind als ovale Führungsschienen 8 realisiert, von denen nur die eine dargestellt ist, da sie - sofern die seitlichen Abstände vom endlosen Band 2 die gleichen sind, und der Hohlkörper 4 sich entlang der Längsrichtung des endlosen Bandes 2 bewegt - deckungsgleich sind. Die Welle 6 wird mittels eines Wagens 9 der Führungsschienen 8 passiv entlang geführt. Der Wagen, der in Fig. 2 nur schematisch dargestellt ist, wird in Fig. 3 im Detail gezeigt. Die Führungsschiene 8 weicht in ihrer Form selbstverständlich ab von der Form der Ovalkurven K₁, K₂ , da diese gültig ist für mathematische Achsen; der Abstand der Drehachse der Welle 6 von den Begrenzungen der Führungsschiene 8 ist in Betracht zu ziehen. Da einerseits kleine Toleranzen in der Fertigung des Hohlkörpers 4, anderseits seine Deformation unter dem Einfluss des Gewichtes des Füllgutes in Betracht gezogen werden muss, ist die Führungsschiene 8 mittels vier Federgelenken 10 in einem starken Rahmen 11 so gelagert, dass sie in vertikaler Richtung den Einfluss der genannten Toleranzen kompensieren kann. Die Zahl vier ist jedoch nicht erfindungswesentlich; es können durchaus auch sechs oder acht solcher Federgelenke 10 vorgesehen werden. Die Kompensation in horizontaler Richtung wird durch Schlupf auf dem endlosen Band 2 aufgebracht.2 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention. On the belt 2 there is an oloid-shaped hollow body 4, which is designed, for example, as a mixing vessel and has a closable opening 5. At both ends, the hollow body 4 is constructed somewhat differently from the oloid shape, in such a way that one segment is cut off and a hollow shaft 6, for example hollow, passes through a surface 7 that cuts off the segment at right angles. In this way, the contact line lying on the belt 2 in the two extreme positions of the hollow body 4 is somewhat shortened. This allows the band 2 to be made so much narrower that the shaft 6 can be led out laterally. 1a with K₁, K₂ designated oval curves are realized as oval guide rails 8, of which only one is shown, since - provided the lateral distances from the endless belt 2 are the same, and the hollow body 4 along the longitudinal direction of the endless band 2 moves - are congruent. The shaft 6 is passively guided along the guide rails 8 by means of a carriage 9. The carriage, which is only shown schematically in FIG. 2, is shown in detail in FIG. 3. The guide rail 8 naturally differs in shape from the shape of the oval curves K₁, K₂, since this is valid for mathematical axes; the distance of the axis of rotation of the shaft 6 from the limits of the guide rail 8 is to be considered. Since, on the one hand, small tolerances in the manufacture of the hollow body 4 and, on the other hand, its deformation under the influence of the weight of the filling material must be taken into account, the guide rail 8 is mounted in a strong frame 11 by means of four spring joints 10 so that it has the influence in the vertical direction can compensate for the tolerances mentioned. However, the number four is not essential to the invention; six or eight such spring joints 10 can also be provided. The compensation in the horizontal direction is applied by slipping on the endless belt 2.

Anstelle der in Fig. 2 gezeigten, von der Form des Oloides abweichenden Form des Hohlkörpers 4, ist es erfindungsgemäss, das Oloid ganz auszuführen und dafür das endlose Band 2 um soviel schmaler zu machen, wie notwendig ist, um der Vertikalbewegung der Welle 6 Rechnung zu tragen.Instead of the shape of the hollow body 4 shown in FIG. 2, which deviates from the shape of the oloid, it is according to the invention to carry out the oloid entirely and to make the endless band 2 narrower by as much as is necessary to take the vertical movement of the shaft 6 into account to wear.

Der in Fig. 3a in der Draufsicht, in Fig. 3b im teilweisen Längsschnitt dargestellte Wagen 9 besteht aus einem Gestell 12, welcher zwei beispielsweise kugelgelagerte Führungsräder 13 mit Nuten 14 trägt. Diese umgreifen die Führungsschiene 8. Der Wagen 9 kann sich also nur in der durch die Führungsschiene 8 definierten Ebene bewegen. Gegen die Kurveninnenseite der Führungsschiene 8 trägt das Gestell 12 ein Drehgelenk 19, dessen Drehachse senkrecht steht auf der Tangente an die Führungsschiene 8. Mittels des Drehgelenkes 19 ist eine Platte 20 am Gestell 12 drehbar befestigt. Diese Platte 20 trägt eine Querachse 15, mittels derer ein Führungskörper 16 schwenkbar gelagert ist. Die Querachse 15 steht senkrecht auf der Achse des Drehgelenkes 19 und hat die Richtung der Tangente an die Führungsschiene 8.The carriage 9 shown in plan view in FIG. 3 a, in partial longitudinal section in FIG. 3 b, consists of a frame 12, which carries two guide wheels 13, for example, with ball bearings with grooves 14. These encompass the guide rail 8. The carriage 9 can therefore only move in the plane defined by the guide rail 8. Against the inside of the curve of the guide rail 8, the frame 12 carries a swivel joint 19, the axis of rotation of which is perpendicular to the tangent to the guide rail 8. A plate 20 is rotatably fastened to the frame 12 by means of the swivel joint 19. This plate 20 carries a transverse axis 15, by means of which a guide body 16 is pivotally mounted. The transverse axis 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the swivel joint 19 and has the direction of the tangent to the guide rail 8.

Im Führungskörper 16 ist die Welle 6 drehbar und längsverschiebbar gelagert, was in Fig. 3b durch Pfeile angedeutet ist.In the guide body 16, the shaft 6 is rotatably and longitudinally displaceable, which is indicated in Fig. 3b by arrows.

Eine Variante zum in Fig. 3a, b dargestellten Wagen 9 zeigt Fig. 4. Hier ist der Wagen 9 ergänzt um ein drittes Führungsrad 18, welches von einem mit dem Gestell 12 durch ein Scharniergelenk 21 verbundenen Gestellteil 22 getragen ist. Durch eine Feder 17 wird der Gestellteil 22 vom Gestell 12 weggedrückt; damit bleibt das dritte Führungsrad 18 in Kraftschluss mit der Führungsschiene 8.A variant of the carriage 9 shown in FIGS. 3a, b is shown in FIG. 4. Here the carriage 9 is supplemented by a third guide wheel 18, which is supported by a frame part 22 connected to the frame 12 by a hinge joint 21. The frame part 22 is pressed away from the frame 12 by a spring 17; the third guide wheel 18 thus remains in frictional engagement with the guide rail 8.

Ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel ist in Fig. 5a, b dargestellt. Fig. 5a zeigt einen Aufriss wiederum von einer Seite, Fig. 5b eine Ansicht von oben.A second embodiment is shown in Fig. 5a, b. FIG. 5a shows an elevation again from one side, FIG. 5b shows a view from above.

In jedem Rahmen 11 läuft ein Schlitten 59, der in horizontaler Richtung frei beweglich ist. Oben, die Rahmen 11 überragend, tragen die beiden Schlitten 59 je einen um die Vertikalachse drehbaren Lagerkörper 23, der ein Gleitlager für eine Stange 24 enthält, die durch beide Lagerkörper 23 hindurch axial verschieblich ist. In der Mitte ist die Stange 24 an einem um die Vertikalachse drehbaren Kopf 25 befestigt. Dieser sitzt auf einem um die vertikale Achse drehbaren Schwenkarm 26, dessen Lager 28 auf einer Traverse 27 befestigt ist, die die beiden Rahmen 11 verbindet und stabilisiert.A slide 59 runs in each frame 11 and is freely movable in the horizontal direction. Above, projecting over the frame 11, the two slides 59 each carry a bearing body 23 which can be rotated about the vertical axis and which contains a sliding bearing for a rod 24 which is axially displaceable through both bearing bodies 23. In the middle, the rod 24 is fastened to a head 25 which can be rotated about the vertical axis. This sits on a swivel arm 26 rotatable about the vertical axis, the bearing 28 of which is fastened on a crossmember 27 which connects and stabilizes the two frames 11.

Die Welle 6 ist in einer Kugel 29 drehbar und axial verschieblich gelagert; die genannte Kugel 29 dreht sich in einem Schlitten 60, welcher am Schlitten 59 vertikal frei beweglich ist.The shaft 6 is rotatably supported in a ball 29 and axially displaceable; said ball 29 rotates in a carriage 60 which is vertically freely movable on carriage 59.

Läuft nun das Band 2 an, so sorgt die durch die Stange 24 bewirkte Zwangsführung, dass der Hohlkörper nicht horizontal mit dem Band 2 wegläuft, sondern die ihm eigene Taumelbewegung ausführt. Durch die Lagerung der Stange 24 am Schwenkarm 26 wird die Querbewegung des Schwerpunktes des Hohlkörpers 4 aufgenommen.If the belt 2 now runs, the positive guidance caused by the rod 24 ensures that the hollow body does not run away horizontally with the belt 2, but instead executes its own wobbling movement. By mounting the rod 24 on the swivel arm 26, the transverse movement of the center of gravity of the hollow body 4 is absorbed.

Die gleiche Bewegung, wie der beschriebene Hohlkörper 4 führt ein aus teilweise gebogenen Stangen 30 gebildeter Skelettkörper 31 aus, wie in Fig. 6a, b in Grund- und Aufriss dargestellt. Daher kann im Inneren des Skelettkörpers 31 ein einfach gestaltetes Gefäss 40, beispielsweise eine handelsübliche Chemikalien-Trommel mit Stangen 32 und Bändern 33 befestigt werden.The same movement as the hollow body 4 described is carried out by a skeleton body 31 formed from partially bent rods 30, as shown in FIGS. 6a, b in plan and elevation. Therefore, a simply designed vessel 40, for example a commercially available chemical drum with rods 32 and bands 33, can be fastened inside the skeleton body 31.

Wie bereits beschrieben, kann die Welle 6 auch hohl ausgeführt sein. Dann ist die erfindungsgemässe Vorrichtung auch geeignet, im Durchflussverfahren flüssige oder feste Materialien zu mischen. Zu diesem Zwecke ist die Welle 6 an jedem Ende mit einer an sich bekannten Drehdurchführung versehen. Mit solchen Drehdurchführungen lassen sich mehrere Komponenten zudosieren; ferner ist auch die Einführung von Mess-Sonden für Druck, Temperatur, pH und weitere Parameter problemlos möglich.As already described, the shaft 6 can also be hollow. Then the device according to the invention is also suitable for mixing liquid or solid materials in the flow-through method. For this purpose, the shaft 6 is provided at each end with a rotary feedthrough known per se. With such rotary unions, several components can be added; Furthermore, the introduction of measuring probes for pressure, temperature, pH and other parameters is possible without any problems.

Im dritten Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 7 liegt der oloidische Hohlkörper 4 - wie im ersten Ausführungsbeispiel - auf dem angetriebenen und sich in Pfeilrichtung bewegenden endlosen Band 2. Die Welle 6 läuft durch die beschriebenen Führungskörper 16, die mittels Gelenken 34 mit je einer Schubstange 35 verbunden sind. Die Schubstangen 35 laufen horizontal je in einem Lager 36, das, von einem Wagen 37 getragen, eine Vertikalbewegung ausführen kann. Die Wagen 37 sind auf zwei vertikalen Schienen 38 mittels Rollen 39 geführt. Die vom Hohlkörper 4 abgewandten Enden der Schubstangen 35 sind ebenfalls mit Gelenken 34 versehen, welche in bezug auf die Schubstangen 35 sowohl Dreh-, als auch Schwenkbewegungen zulassen, und ihrerseits an Führungskörpern 16 angelenkt sind. Durch diese letztgenannten Führungskörper 16 gleitet eine Stange 41, an der in ihrer Mitte ein Gelenk 42 befestigt ist dessen anderer Teil in einem Drehlager 43 um eine Achse 44 drehbar ist. Der feststehende Teil des Drehlagers 43 ist an einer Führung 45 befestigt, die an einer vertikalen Stange 46 gleitet.In the third exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, the oloid hollow body 4 lies - as in the first exemplary embodiment - on the driven endless belt 2 moving in the direction of the arrow. The shaft 6 runs through the described guide bodies 16, which are connected by means of joints 34 to a push rod 35 each are. The push rods 35 each run horizontally in a bearing 36 which, carried by a carriage 37, can carry out a vertical movement. The carriages 37 are guided on two vertical rails 38 by means of rollers 39. The ends of the push rods 35 facing away from the hollow body 4 are also provided with joints 34, which allow both rotational and pivoting movements with respect to the push rods 35, and in turn are articulated on guide bodies 16. A rod 41 slides through these last-mentioned guide bodies 16, to the center of which a joint 42 is fastened, the other part of which can be rotated about an axis 44 in a pivot bearing 43. The fixed part of the pivot bearing 43 is fixed to a guide 45 which slides on a vertical rod 46.

Bewegt sich der Hohlkörper 4 in taumelnder Weise auf dem endlosen Band 2, so beschreiben die an der Welle 6 angrenzenden Führungskörper die in Fig. 1 beschriebenen Ovalkurven K₁ , K₂, deren Vertikalkomponenten von den Wagen 37 ermöglicht werden, deren Horizontalkomponenten - einander ausgleichend - von den Schubstangen über die Stange 41 einander aufgezwungen werden. Die Vertikalbewegung des geometrischen Schwerpunktes des Hohlkörpers 4 wird durch die an der Stange 46 gleitende Führung 45 ermöglicht.Moving the hollow body 4 in a tumbling manner on the endless belt 2, the guide bodies adjacent to the shaft 6 describe the oval curves K 1, K 2 described in FIG the push rods are forced on each other via the rod 41. The vertical movement of the geometric center of gravity of the hollow body 4 is made possible by the guide 45 sliding on the rod 46.

Claims (10)

  1. A device for driving a tumbling body in the form of an oloid which lies on an endless belt (2) and is moved by said belt, characterised in that
    - a shaft (6) is secured on both sides of the tumbling body coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the tumbling body,
    - means are provided to guide this shaft (6) in two parallel planes (E₁, E₂) which extend vertically and perpendicularly to the plane of the belt (2) and guide the direction of movement of the belt (2) and are each located on one side of the belt (2) in each case to guide in an oval path.
  2. A device according to patent claim 1, characterised in that
    - the said means to guide the shaft (6) in the two parallel planes (E₁, E₂) along oval paths comprise an oval guide rail (8) that is provided in each of the planes (E₁, E₂) and is secured through at least four spring joints (10) permitting vertical movement, in a frame (11),
    - a carriage (9) is provided on each guide rail (8) which can rotate about this guide rail,
    - each of the carriages (9) comprises a frame (12), which bears at least two guide wheels (13, 18), which transfer the mechanical and form fit from the guide rail (8), a rotating joint (19) is available at the frame (12) with an axis of rotation which in each case is vertical on the tangent at the guide rail (8) and lies in its plane, wherein the part which can be turned through this rotating joint (19) is a plate (20) which bears a transverse axis (15) which is parallel to the direction of tangents at the guide rail (8),
    - a guide body (16) is provided in which the shaft (6) can execute both longitudinal and rotational movements, and which can be swivelled round the aforementioned transverse axis (15) at the plate (20),
    - the dimensions of guide rail (8), carriage (9) with rotating joint (19), plate (20) and the guide body (16) are chosen so that the shaft (6) describes the envisaged oval curve in the planes (E₁, E₂) when the tumbling body is moved by the belt (2).
  3. A device according to patent claim 1, characterised in that
    - the said means to guide the shaft (6) in the two parallel planes (E₁, E₂) along oval paths comprise a frame that is provided on each side of the belt (2) in the lateral planes (E₁, E₂) in which a cradle (59) is arranged which can move in a horizontal direction,
    - a cradle (60) - which moves vertically and bears a sphere (29) mounted so that it can pivot about its centre - is arranged on the cradle (59) moving horizontally with the shaft (6) mounted in the said sphere (29) so that it can rotate and undergo axial displacement,
    - the two cradles (59) which move horizontally and project beyond the frame (11) each bear a bearing block (23) which can rotate about its vertical axis,
    - the two frames (11) are connected by two cross members (27),
    - a horizontal swivel arm (26) is pivot-mounted in a bearing (28) on one of the cross members (27) so that it can rotate about its vertical axis, the said swivel arm (26) bearing on its free end a head (25), which can rotate about its vertical axis, and in which a rod (24) is secured which is mounted in the two bearing blocks (23) on the horizontally-movable cradles (59) so that it can move axially, as a result of which upon movement of the tumbling body both the two horizontally-movable cradles (59) and the vertically-movable cradles (60) substantially undergo movements in opposite directions.
  4. A device according to patent claim 1, characterised in that
    - the said means to guide the shaft (6) in the two parallel planes (E₁, E₂) along oval paths comprise a vertical rail (38) that is provided in each of the parallel planes (E₁, E₂) with a carriage (37) which is guided on it through rollers (39) and each of these carriages (37) bears a bearing (36) in which a push rod (35) can move axially,
    - the two push rods (35) each bear a guide body (16) for the axial and pivot-mounting of the shaft (6), with both of the guide bodies (16) secured to the push rods (35) through joints (34) which permit both rotatory and swivel movements relative to the longitudinal axes of the push rods (35),
    - joints (34), also permitting rotatory and swivel movements, are similarly secured at those ends of the push rods (35) facing away from the shaft (6), the said joints (34) each bearing a further guide body (16) substantially of the same kind, with a rod (41) mounted in the two further guide bodies (16) so that it can slide and rotate,
    - the aforementioned rod (41) bears a joint (42) in its centre around which the rod (41) can be swivelled and the other part of this joint (42) can be rotated in a pivot bearing (43) about one axis (44), the said axis (44) extending perpendicularly to both the longitudinal axis (41) and the swivel axis of the joint (42) thus lying in the direction of movement of the belt (2),
    - the pivot bearing (43) which bears the joint (42) can be freely moved by means of a guide (45) along a fixed vertical rod (46).
  5. A devise according to any one of patent claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the tumbling body is a sealed hollow body (4).
  6. A device according to patent claim 5, characterised in that the hollow body (4) has the shape of an oloid.
  7. A device according to patent claim 5, characterised in that the hollow body (4) has the shape of an oloid, which has a segment cut off at both ends of to its longitudinal axis, resulting in two surfaces (7) extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis, through which the shaft (6) passes.
  8. A device according to any one of patent claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the tumbling body is a skeletal body (31) manufactured from partially bent rods (30), which exhibits the same rolling behaviour as an oloid.
  9. A device according to patent claim 8, characterised in that means are provided to secure a vessel (40) in the interior of the skeletal body (32).
  10. A device according to any one of patent claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the shaft (6) is in the form of a hollow shaft and is provided at each end with a rotating through-hole which allows material to be admixed to be fed into, and withdrawn from, the tumbling body during operation and allows the introduction of measurement probes for physical and chemical parameters.
EP93909743A 1992-07-20 1993-05-26 Apparatus for driving an wobbling body Expired - Lifetime EP0604599B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH226092 1992-07-20
CH2260/92 1992-07-20
PCT/CH1993/000134 WO1994002235A1 (en) 1992-07-20 1993-05-26 Apparatus for driving an wobbling body

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0604599A1 EP0604599A1 (en) 1994-07-06
EP0604599B1 true EP0604599B1 (en) 1995-10-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93909743A Expired - Lifetime EP0604599B1 (en) 1992-07-20 1993-05-26 Apparatus for driving an wobbling body

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US (1) US5527109A (en)
EP (1) EP0604599B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06511427A (en)
AT (1) ATE128637T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2119471A1 (en)
DE (1) DE59300715D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994002235A1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002513898A (en) * 1998-12-24 2002-05-14 オロイド アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト Drive system for reverse motion device
JP3655795B2 (en) * 2000-01-27 2005-06-02 株式会社クボタ Food mixing device
WO2004090383A1 (en) * 2003-04-10 2004-10-21 Oloid Ag Device for generating pulsating movements
CN110404455B (en) * 2019-07-18 2021-12-28 江西理工大学 Material mixing device with combined shell

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2302804A (en) * 1939-02-05 1942-11-24 Schatz Paul Mechanism producing wavering and rotating movements of receptacles
CH242218A (en) * 1942-06-04 1946-04-30 Schatz Paul Mechanism for producing a tumbling and pivoting movement.
CH361701A (en) * 1958-02-06 1962-04-30 Schatz Paul Device based on the principle of the invertible chain for generating a tumbling and rotating body movement
CH399110A (en) * 1962-07-13 1966-03-31 Bachofen Willy A Fa Device based on the principle of the invertible chain for generating a tumbling and rotating body movement
CH500000A (en) * 1968-08-03 1970-12-15 Schatz Paul Aid for creating a tumbling motion
CH555490A (en) * 1972-04-19 1974-10-31 Schatz Paul DEVICE FOR GENERATING A TUMBING MOTION.
US4341475A (en) * 1979-03-01 1982-07-27 Burgel Ag Apparatus for driving a rigid body for the purposes of producing a tumbling movement during rotation of the body
JPS59151008A (en) * 1983-02-18 1984-08-29 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd Method for inspecting appearance of circular object
SU1197713A1 (en) * 1984-02-20 1985-12-15 Институт Горного Дела Со Ан Ссср Method of mixing loose materials
DE3434064A1 (en) * 1984-09-17 1986-03-27 Oloid Ag, Basel DEVICE FOR DRIVING A BODY WHICH DOES A STILLING AND ROTATING MOTION
DE3542285C1 (en) * 1985-11-29 1986-08-21 Oloid Ag, Basel Device for driving a body which makes a wobbling and rotating movement
JPS63302314A (en) * 1987-03-26 1988-12-09 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Photoelectric sensor
JPH0231138A (en) * 1988-07-20 1990-02-01 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Method for measuring sharpness of coating surface
JP2690764B2 (en) * 1988-12-07 1997-12-17 関西ペイント株式会社 Method for measuring sparkle of metallic coating
JPH02161307A (en) * 1988-12-15 1990-06-21 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Inspecting method for waving of plate
SU1607922A1 (en) * 1989-01-02 1990-11-23 Предприятие П/Я А-1297 Mixer
JPH0313853A (en) * 1989-06-13 1991-01-22 Kawasaki Steel Corp Surface flaw inspecting apparatus
US5360265A (en) * 1992-12-15 1994-11-01 Cruse Donald I Apparatus with inversion linkage mechanism

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE128637T1 (en) 1995-10-15
JPH06511427A (en) 1994-12-22
WO1994002235A1 (en) 1994-02-03
CA2119471A1 (en) 1994-02-03
EP0604599A1 (en) 1994-07-06
US5527109A (en) 1996-06-18
DE59300715D1 (en) 1995-11-09

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