EP0604223A1 - Piston cap for a diesel engine - Google Patents

Piston cap for a diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0604223A1
EP0604223A1 EP93310443A EP93310443A EP0604223A1 EP 0604223 A1 EP0604223 A1 EP 0604223A1 EP 93310443 A EP93310443 A EP 93310443A EP 93310443 A EP93310443 A EP 93310443A EP 0604223 A1 EP0604223 A1 EP 0604223A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
cap
inches
piston cap
groove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93310443A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rex Edgell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Canada Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Canada Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Canada Co filed Critical General Electric Canada Co
Publication of EP0604223A1 publication Critical patent/EP0604223A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/16—Pistons  having cooling means
    • F02F3/20—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston
    • F02F3/22—Pistons  having cooling means the means being a fluid flowing through or along piston the fluid being liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F02F3/0015—Multi-part pistons
    • F02F3/0023—Multi-part pistons the parts being bolted or screwed together
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2201/00—Metals
    • F05C2201/04—Heavy metals
    • F05C2201/0433—Iron group; Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel
    • F05C2201/0448—Steel

Definitions

  • This invention is directed to the cap or crown of a piston for a diesel engine, for example a medium size diesel engine.
  • the diesel engine is characterized by the fact that the fuel air mixture is ignited by heat produced during the compression of the air in the cylinder.
  • the air of the cylinder is compressed to a predetermined pressure to ensure that the required temperature for fuel ignition is reached before the piston has reached top dead centre so that when the fuel is begun to be injected into the hot air combustion will take place.
  • Combustion begins before the piston reaches top dead centre and the pressure in the cylinder continues to increase until the piston reaches top dead centre where upon the combustion continues for a predetermined period of time with the maximum cylinder pressure occurring shortly after top dead centre.
  • the piston is driven to the bottom of the cylinder (where the exhaust stroke begins) and it is only during the power stroke that useful work is accomplished by the burning fuel.
  • the piston in a modern diesel must be as light as possible in order to reduce the mass of material which is reciprocated for each stroke of the engine.
  • the piston must also have sufficient strength to withstand the severe loads placed upon it during combustion and the piston must also maintain a temperature profile which will give the "best" combustion of the fuel air mixture for reasons of efficiency and environmental considerations. It is to this end that the piston of the present invention has been developed.
  • One illustrative embodiment of the present invention is a replacement piston for an engine which is fairly large, and which engine has a proven service record, and the specific engine to which this relates is the ALCO® Model 251 Series "V"-type diesel engine previously manufactured under license by Bombardier Inc. in Quebec, Canada and now manufactured by General Electric Canada Inc. in Quebec, Canada.
  • the constraints on the designer of the piston are such that the same components be used in association with the redesigned piston, ie the block, crankshaft and connecting rods and bearings used previous to the "new" piston design may be successfully utilized in the modified ALCO® 251 engine, and yet be able to realize the desired improvement in operation.
  • a replacement piston for an ALCO® Model 251 diesel engine which piston is of two piece construction.
  • a crown or cap (which is the subject of this invention) is attached to a body such that the two parts from an integral piston which will provide more efficient engine operation than the piston of the prior art ALCO® 251 diesel engines.
  • Figure 1 is a view of a known composite piston assembly.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view of a known piston cap showing the body sleeve in phantom;
  • Figure 3 is a top perspective view of the cap of the piston which is the subject of this invention.
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view piston cap of this invention.
  • Figure 1 is shown to illustrate the general nature of the composite piston assembly to which this invention relates.
  • Figure 2 illustrates a piston cap or crown of the prior design for the ALCO® 251 V16 engine.
  • the piston cap shown is the upper part of the piston assembly shown in Figure 1 which acts as a seal in the cylinder, however the lower part of the piston assembly, ie the cylindraceous sleeve or body which houses a connecting rod pin will not be shown further or described in detail herein because the present invention relates to the cap.
  • the piston cap shown in Figure 2 has a nominal diameter of about 9'' and a height from the bottom surface to the top of the crown of about 3 1/2''.
  • the piston cap shown is composed of a steel alloy and is provided with three grooves and adjacent lands for receiving piston rings in the lower part of the skirt. These grooves are designated as 12, 14, and 16.
  • the top of piston 10 has a flat annular surface 18 which is provided with four valve pockets 20, 22, 24 and 26.
  • the piston cap is provided with a depression or bowl 28 which is curved sharply downwardly at the surface 30 near the exterior of the piston cap 10 to a point of maximum depression at 32 and the bowl rises at a shallow angle to a high point 34 at the center of the bowl and cap.
  • the point of maximum depression in this instance will be about 1.1'' below surface 18.
  • the lower surface of the crown is a complex shape formed by surfaces of revolution so that it is essentially hollow.
  • a circular groove 36 Near the exterior at the top of the lower surface of the piston cap is a circular groove 36 which rises deeply into the piston cap 10 at ever increasing diameter but at substantially constant width.
  • a second concentric groove 38 spaced somewhat inwardly from groove 36 is formed at the lower surface of the piston cap 10.
  • first flat land 40 which will be used to bear on the lower part of the piston assembly, such as that shown in Figure 1.
  • a second flat land 42 is also shown on a lower surface of the piston cap 10 for support of the centre of the piston bowl.
  • the lower surface of the piston cap is produced into a single shaft 46 which is provided with a threaded end 48 so that the piston cap 10 may be rotatably secured to the lower body of the piston assembly.
  • the ALCO® Model 251 piston cap 10 of the prior art has functioned satisfactorily in the transportation industry for many years in circumstances wherein the compression ratio to be withstood by the piston 10 would be in the order of 11.5 to 1.
  • piston cap 110 of the present invention having a nominal diameter of 9" and a depth of about 3.5".
  • Piston cap 110 has grooves 112, 114, and 116 for receiving piston rings at the lower part of the skirt.
  • the top of piston cap 110 has an annular flat surface 118 of about 0.6 inches width which is interrupted by four valve pockets 120, 122, 124 and 126 formed therein.
  • the central top portion of the top surface has been provided with a shallow bowl 128 which is shaped such that the bowl surface 130 slopes downwardly and inwardly in a shallow angle to reach its maximum depth at 132, which is about 0.9" below surface 118.
  • the surface rises in a shallow angle to a shallow apex 134 at the centre of the top surface of bowl 128.
  • Apex 134 rises almost to the height of annular surface 118.
  • the maximum diameter of the bowl is about 7.75 e.g. 7.78 inches.
  • the lower surface of the piston cap 110 is essentially hollow and provided with an exterior groove 136 which rises in a complex shape at an increasing diameter and variable width.
  • the exterior groove 136 rises to about 2.8 inches above the lower surface of the skirt.
  • Concentrically located in the lower surface is a second groove 138 somewhat spaced from groove 136 and between which is a flat annular shaped land 140 which is provided for support of the lower surface on the lower body assembly of the composite piston (which is not shown).
  • the second groove rises about 2.7 inches above the lower surface of the skirt.
  • a second flat annular land 142 is formed in the interior of the lower surface of the piston cap 110 adjacent to which is developed a shaft 144, which projects downwardly from the centre of the lower surface of the piston cap 110. Threaded portion 146 of shaft 144 corresponds to threaded section 48 of piston cap 10 of Figure 1.
  • the piston cap shown in Figures 3 and 4 is formed of a steel alloy and has the same nominal outer diameter as the piston cap shown in Figures 2 and 3. However, it will become immediately apparent to the reader that the top surface of the piston cap 110 is substantially different from the piston cap shown in Figure 1.
  • the bowl of 128 of the piston cap 110 is of a much shallower nature than the bowl 28 of the piston cap 10. Both piston caps are intended for operation in cylinders of the same nominal diameter and piston cap 110 provides an overall improvement in fuel efficiency of approximately one and half percent (1.5%). In an engine which may use as many as 12 or 16 cylinders of a nominal diameter of about 9'' this improvement is substantial over its operating life.
  • piston cap 110 leads to a more complete combustion of the fuel-air mixture than does piston cap 10.
  • each cap may have at least two valve pockets which are preferably symmetrically arranged thereon.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
EP93310443A 1992-12-23 1993-12-22 Piston cap for a diesel engine Withdrawn EP0604223A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA 2086133 CA2086133A1 (en) 1992-12-23 1992-12-23 Piston for an alco series 251 diesel engine
CA2086133 1992-12-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0604223A1 true EP0604223A1 (en) 1994-06-29

Family

ID=4150898

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93310443A Withdrawn EP0604223A1 (en) 1992-12-23 1993-12-22 Piston cap for a diesel engine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0604223A1 (pt)
AU (1) AU5243193A (pt)
BR (1) BR9305205A (pt)
CA (1) CA2086133A1 (pt)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003076786A1 (de) 2002-03-09 2003-09-18 Mahle Gmbh Mehrteiliger gekühlter kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
US6729291B1 (en) 2002-12-06 2004-05-04 Mahle Gmbh Multipart cooled piston for an internal combustion engine
DE102004027974A1 (de) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-29 Mahle Gmbh Gebauter Kolben und Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen in Kontakt zueinander stehender Flächen des Oberteiles und des Unterteiles des Kolbens
WO2007025529A1 (de) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-08 Mahle International Gmbh Zweiteiliger kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
DE102005042003A1 (de) * 2005-09-05 2007-03-08 Mahle International Gmbh Gebauter, flüssigkeitsgekühlter Kolben
WO2007068222A1 (de) * 2005-12-17 2007-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh Zweiteiliger kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
DE102005060611A1 (de) * 2005-12-17 2007-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh Mehrteiliger Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor
CN105370431A (zh) * 2014-08-19 2016-03-02 迪尔公司 用在发动机中的活塞
WO2017060449A1 (de) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-13 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh KOLBEN MIT AUßENVERSCHRAUBUNG
CN111502856A (zh) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-07 上海建桥学院 一种柴油机活塞头及其数控加工工艺
CN113250846A (zh) * 2021-06-18 2021-08-13 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 一种组合式高强隔热结构活塞
US11162453B2 (en) 2016-05-04 2021-11-02 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston
US11293374B2 (en) 2020-07-31 2022-04-05 Fev Gmbh Piston bowl geometries for internal combustion engines

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983002300A1 (en) * 1981-12-28 1983-07-07 Alco Power Inc Prestressed composite piston
GB2205922A (en) * 1987-06-11 1988-12-21 Mahle Gmbh Built-up liquid-cooled piston for internal combustion engines
US5081968A (en) * 1990-07-31 1992-01-21 Borgo Nova Spa Pistons for an internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1983002300A1 (en) * 1981-12-28 1983-07-07 Alco Power Inc Prestressed composite piston
GB2205922A (en) * 1987-06-11 1988-12-21 Mahle Gmbh Built-up liquid-cooled piston for internal combustion engines
US5081968A (en) * 1990-07-31 1992-01-21 Borgo Nova Spa Pistons for an internal combustion engine

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100893015B1 (ko) * 2002-03-09 2009-04-15 말레 게엠베하 내연기관용 다부품 냉각 피스톤
US6763758B2 (en) 2002-03-09 2004-07-20 Mahle Gmbh Multi-part cooled piston for an internal combustion engine
WO2003076786A1 (de) 2002-03-09 2003-09-18 Mahle Gmbh Mehrteiliger gekühlter kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
US6729291B1 (en) 2002-12-06 2004-05-04 Mahle Gmbh Multipart cooled piston for an internal combustion engine
DE102004027974A1 (de) * 2004-06-08 2005-12-29 Mahle Gmbh Gebauter Kolben und Verfahren zur Vermeidung von Beschädigungen in Kontakt zueinander stehender Flächen des Oberteiles und des Unterteiles des Kolbens
DE102005041409A1 (de) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-08 Mahle International Gmbh Zweiteiliger Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor
US8651084B2 (en) 2005-09-01 2014-02-18 Mahle International Gmbh Two-part piston for an internal combustion engine
US7946268B2 (en) 2005-09-01 2011-05-24 Mahle International Gmbh Two-part piston for an internal combustion engine
WO2007025529A1 (de) * 2005-09-01 2007-03-08 Mahle International Gmbh Zweiteiliger kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
US7934482B2 (en) 2005-09-05 2011-05-03 Mahle International Gmbh Liquid-cooled composite piston
WO2007028364A1 (de) * 2005-09-05 2007-03-15 Mahle International Gmbh Gebauter, flüssigkeitsgekühlter kolben
JP4838848B2 (ja) * 2005-09-05 2011-12-14 マーレ インターナショナル ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 組み立て式の液体冷却されるピストン
DE102005042003A1 (de) * 2005-09-05 2007-03-08 Mahle International Gmbh Gebauter, flüssigkeitsgekühlter Kolben
CN101331307B (zh) * 2005-12-17 2010-08-11 马勒国际公司 两段式内燃机活塞
US7302927B1 (en) 2005-12-17 2007-12-04 Mahle International Gmbh Two-part piston for an internal combustion engine
JP4838858B2 (ja) * 2005-12-17 2011-12-14 マーレ インターナショナル ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング 内燃機関用の２部分から成るピストン
DE102005060611A1 (de) * 2005-12-17 2007-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh Mehrteiliger Kolben für einen Verbrennungsmotor
WO2007068222A1 (de) * 2005-12-17 2007-06-21 Mahle International Gmbh Zweiteiliger kolben für einen verbrennungsmotor
CN105370431A (zh) * 2014-08-19 2016-03-02 迪尔公司 用在发动机中的活塞
WO2017060449A1 (de) * 2015-10-08 2017-04-13 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh KOLBEN MIT AUßENVERSCHRAUBUNG
US11162453B2 (en) 2016-05-04 2021-11-02 Ks Kolbenschmidt Gmbh Piston
CN111502856A (zh) * 2020-04-30 2020-08-07 上海建桥学院 一种柴油机活塞头及其数控加工工艺
US11293374B2 (en) 2020-07-31 2022-04-05 Fev Gmbh Piston bowl geometries for internal combustion engines
CN113250846A (zh) * 2021-06-18 2021-08-13 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) 一种组合式高强隔热结构活塞

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5243193A (en) 1994-07-07
BR9305205A (pt) 1994-07-26
CA2086133A1 (en) 1994-06-24

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