EP0603795A2 - Flame glow system - Google Patents
Flame glow system Download PDFInfo
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- EP0603795A2 EP0603795A2 EP93120530A EP93120530A EP0603795A2 EP 0603795 A2 EP0603795 A2 EP 0603795A2 EP 93120530 A EP93120530 A EP 93120530A EP 93120530 A EP93120530 A EP 93120530A EP 0603795 A2 EP0603795 A2 EP 0603795A2
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- flame
- glow plug
- air
- flame glow
- heating
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
- F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
- F02N19/06—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of combustion-air by flame generating means, e.g. flame glow-plugs
Definitions
- the invention relates to a flame annealing system for heating the combustion air for a combustion device, in particular an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such a flame glow system which is known for example from DE 33 42 865 C2 or DE 40 32 758 A1, serves, for example, as a cold start aid for the combustion device and in particular for preheating the intake and charge air of internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines and for suppressing smoke in the Exhaust gas during and after the start phase.
- a switching device is provided as the control device, with which the heating element of the flame glow plug is heated up quickly and then operated with reduced heating power, which is achieved by a cycle operation with a predetermined Impulse-pause ratio is reached. The control takes place via a temperature switch or a timer.
- control device is further designed so that the flame glow plug is supplied with both current and fuel in a clocked manner.
- the object underlying the invention is therefore to design a flame glow system according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the air / fuel mixture of the flame glow plug always corresponds to the prevailing operating conditions of the combustion device.
- the single figure shows the embodiment of the flame annealing plant according to the invention in a schematic Diagram.
- the embodiment of the flame annealing system according to the invention shown in the drawing is used to heat air in the air intake duct 6 of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine.
- a flame glow plug 1 is arranged in the air intake duct 6 and is supplied with fuel and electricity via an injection pump 2 and a control unit 3.
- the supplied fuel is mixed with air, which enters the flame glow plug 1 via holes in a protective tube with which the flame glow plug 1 is arranged in the air intake duct 6. Due to the power supply to the heating or glow element of the flame glow plug 1, this mixture is ignited so that a flame is formed which heats the air in the air intake duct 6.
- An air flow meter in particular an air velocity or air flow meter 5, is arranged on the upstream side of the air to be heated, the output signal of which is at control unit 3.
- the control unit 3 controls the fuel supply to the flame glow plug 1 in accordance with the air quantity / speed in the air intake duct 6, which is reported to it by the air flow meter 5.
- a fuel quantity suitable for the flame glow plug is metered into the branched-off air quantity entering the flame glow plug 1, which can be achieved, for example, by a plunger pump, the cycle frequency of which is changed to match the air quantity.
- a constant amount of fuel is delivered per working stroke and the cycle frequency is controlled via the air flow meter.
- the air speed can be measured in various ways. It can a baffle plate can be used, which performs an angular movement with increasing air speed. This angular movement is converted into an electrical signal, which is converted by the control unit into the clock frequency for the fuel delivery pump.
- a hot wire resistance measurement method can also be used. A hot wire heated with a constant current is exposed to the air flow, which causes the hot wire to cool down and thus reduce the wire resistance, which can be used as a measure of the amount of air.
- the use of a pressure sensor which detects the absolute pressure within the air duct is particularly suitable, it being possible to make a statement about the air speed via the pressure signal. In this way, it is possible to adapt the amount of fuel to the respective amount of air in such a way that optimal combustion is achieved, which does not lead to a flame extinction even when the air speed is increased during engine operation.
- a multiple overload is preheated at the start of operation, the required energy being allocated taking into account the electrical operating parameters of the combustion device, for example the on-board voltage, by a corresponding choice of the amount of heating current and the preheating time becomes.
- This is followed by a cut-off according to a predetermined map, taking into account the on-board voltage, but also the state of charge of the battery, the load from other consumers, etc., in order to specify the correct pulse-pause ratio for the clocked power supply when supplying current pulses.
- the electrical heating energy for the fuel evaporation in the flame glow plug 1 corresponds to the fuel quantity passed through up to a maximum compatible heating energy, to avoid damaging the heating element. This maximum compatible heating energy is reached when the temperature gradient from inside to outside becomes too great and the heating and control coils in the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 tend to overheat.
- the fuel is then evaporated and mixed with the incoming air, whereby due to the above. Control results in an ignitable mixture with high flame propagation speed, the mixture ratio of which is optimal for all load and speed ranges.
- the heating power of the flame glow plug 1 is increased by the control unit 3 in a suitable manner so that the fuel supplied in a suitable manner can also be processed and the heat dissipation by the moving air is compensated. This increase in heating power takes place in turn until the critical heating power for the heating element is reached.
- the design can be such that the fuel is supplied in proportion to the amount of air, the air speed or the absolute dynamic pressure with a separate pump, for which purpose a continuously delivering pump with fuel pressure generated in proportion to the amount of air, a pump proportional to the amount of air supply with variable drive speed or a plunger pump are provided be, which promotes intermittently, but is provided with facilities for equalizing the fuel outflow.
- the heating energy can also be supplied continuously by adjusting the heating power in the fuel supply by self-regulation and in the flame glow plug a control wire with temperature jump characteristics is provided, which is cooled by the fuel and leads to a higher heating power.
- the heating element in the Flame glow plug 1 can also be connected upstream of an electrically tuned PTC element, ie a resistance element with a positive temperature coefficient, which slowly gets hot without fuel flow and serves as a series resistor. With fuel flow, this element is cooled accordingly, so that it becomes low-resistance and allows a greater heating power on the heating element of the flame glow plug 1, which is necessary for the vaporization of the supplied fuel.
- the flame glow plug 1 has two or more heating elements, which are supplied with heating energy in pulses after a quick preheating, in such a way that the current pulses line up without gaps and the heating energy supply takes place in heating stages in which e.g. If there are three heating elements, no heating element, one heating element, two heating elements or all three heating elements are supplied with electricity alternately or simultaneously.
- a catalytically active element in the flame. This element is arranged in the area of the flame outlet opening and is not shown in the drawing.
- an air flow meter 5 is thus provided in the intake duct 6 as a sensor, according to the output signals of which the fuel quantity and the electrical heating energy of the flame glow plug 1 are allocated by the control unit 3.
- the clock frequency of which is driven in proportion to the amount of air in order to supply the amount of fuel in proportion to the amount of air, as described above, such a fuel supply can also be achieved with a throttle and with a fuel pressure proportional to the amount of air.
- a nozzle that is adjustable in proportion to the amount of air can also be used, preferably with an approximately constant fuel pressure be provided.
- the or the electrically heated heating elements in the flame glow plug 1 are supplied with current for fuel processing, initially with multiple electrical overloads, i.e. is heated up as quickly as possible, taking into account the state of the vehicle electrical system and then the energy supply, for example, is reduced via a variable pulse-pause ratio of the current cycle.
- the heating energy required in each case is allocated as a function of the quantity of fuel supplied via a newly adapted variable pulse-pause ratio.
- the allocation can be created as a map in an electronic memory.
- a stoichiometric air-fuel mixture in the flame glow plug 1 with a high flame propagation speed is sought, which is controlled via the air flow meter 5 and the associated fuel supply, for example the clock frequency of a plunger pump. Since a quantity of fuel which is suitable for the quantity of air passed through is metered in, a maximum flame propagation rate up to a predetermined upper quantity of air is ensured after ignition of the air / fuel mixture.
- the heating energy for the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 is allocated by measuring the amount of air so that the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 is not damaged.
- the flame annealing plant according to the invention has the additional Advantage that the enforceable amount of fuel is higher, so that further applications open up, ie the flame annealing system can also be used, for example, for large-volume truck engines.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Flammglühanlage zum Erwärmen der Verbrennungsluft für eine Verbrennungseinrichtung, insbesondere eine Brennkraftmaschine, nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a flame annealing system for heating the combustion air for a combustion device, in particular an internal combustion engine, according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine derartige Flammglühanlage, die beispielsweise aus der DE 33 42 865 C2 oder der DE 40 32 758 A1 bekannt ist, dient beispielsweise als Kaltstarthilfe für die Verbrennungseinrichtung und insbesondere zur Vorwärmung der Ansaug- und Ladeluft von Brennkraftmaschinen, wie Dieselmotoren sowie zur Unterdrückung von Rauch im Abgas während und nach der Startphase.
Bei der aus der DE 33 42 865 C2 bekannten Flammglühanlage ist als Steuereinrichtung ein Schaltgerät vorgesehen, mit dem das Heizelement der Flammglühkerze schnell aufgeheizt und anschließend mit verminderter Heizleistung weiter betrieben wird, was durch einen Taktbetrieb mit vorgegebenem Impuls-Pausen-Verhältnis erreicht wird. Die Steuerung erfolgt dabei über einen Temperaturschalter oder einen Zeitschalter.Such a flame glow system, which is known for example from DE 33 42 865 C2 or DE 40 32 758 A1, serves, for example, as a cold start aid for the combustion device and in particular for preheating the intake and charge air of internal combustion engines, such as diesel engines and for suppressing smoke in the Exhaust gas during and after the start phase.
In the flame glow system known from DE 33 42 865 C2, a switching device is provided as the control device, with which the heating element of the flame glow plug is heated up quickly and then operated with reduced heating power, which is achieved by a cycle operation with a predetermined Impulse-pause ratio is reached. The control takes place via a temperature switch or a timer.
Bei der aus der DE 40 32 758 A1 bekannten Flammglühanlage ist die Steuereinrichtung weiterhin so ausgebildet, daß die Flammglühkerze sowohl mit Strom als auch mit Kraftstoff getaktet versorgt wird.In the flame glow system known from DE 40 32 758 A1, the control device is further designed so that the flame glow plug is supplied with both current and fuel in a clocked manner.
Bei derartigen Flammglühanlagen ist es erwünscht, daß die Aufbereitung des Kraftstoffluftgemisches für die Flammglühkerze optimal über den gesamten Lastbereich der Verbrennungseinrichtung, insbesondere den gesamten Last- und Drehzahlbereich der Brennkraftmaschine erfolgt. Diese optimale Aufbereitung des Gemisches ist jedoch bei den bekannten Flammglühanlagen nicht gegeben, da die Betriebsverhältnisse der zugehörigen Verbrennungseinrichtung nicht genügend berücksichtigt werden.In such flame glow systems, it is desirable that the preparation of the fuel-air mixture for the flame glow plug takes place optimally over the entire load range of the combustion device, in particular the entire load and speed range of the internal combustion engine. However, this optimal preparation of the mixture is not given in the known flame annealing plants, since the operating conditions of the associated combustion device are not sufficiently taken into account.
Die der Erfindung zugrundeliegende Aufgabe besteht daher darin, eine Flammglühanlage nach dem Gattungsbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 so auszubilden, daß das Luftkraftstoffgemisch der Flammglühkerze stets den jeweils herrschenden Betriebsbedingungen der Verbrennungseinrichtung entspricht.The object underlying the invention is therefore to design a flame glow system according to the preamble of claim 1 so that the air / fuel mixture of the flame glow plug always corresponds to the prevailing operating conditions of the combustion device.
Diese Aufgabe wird gemaß der Erfindung durch die Ausbildung gelöst, die im Kennzeichen des Patentanspruchs 1 angegegeben ist.This object is achieved according to the invention by the training specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.
Besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Flammglühanlage sind Gegenstand der Patentansprüche 2 bis 8.Particularly preferred refinements and developments of the flame annealing system according to the invention are the subject of claims 2 to 8.
Im folgenden wird anhand der zugehörigen Zeichnung ein besonders bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Flammglühanlage beschrieben.A particularly preferred exemplary embodiment of the flame annealing system according to the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Die einzige Figur zeigt das Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Flammglühanlage in einem schematischen Diagramm.The single figure shows the embodiment of the flame annealing plant according to the invention in a schematic Diagram.
Das in der Zeichnung dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Flammglühanlage dient zum Erwärmen von Luft im Luftansaugkanal 6 einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere eines Dieselmotors.The embodiment of the flame annealing system according to the invention shown in the drawing is used to heat air in the air intake duct 6 of an internal combustion engine, in particular a diesel engine.
Im Luftansaugkanal 6 ist eine Flammglühkerze 1 angeordnet, die über eine Einspritzpumpe 2 und ein Steuergerät 3 mit Kraftstoff sowie mit Strom versorgt wird. In der Flammglühkerze 1 wird der zugeführte Kraftstoff mit Luft gemischt, die in die Flammglühkerze 1 über Löcher in einem Schutzrohr eintritt, mit dem die Flammglühkerze 1 im Luftansaugkanal 6 angeordnet ist. Aufgrund der Stromversorgung des Heiz- oder Glühelementes der Flammglühkerze 1 wird dieses Gemisch gezündet, so daß sich eine Flamme bildet, die die Luft im Luftansaugkanal 6 erwärmt.A flame glow plug 1 is arranged in the air intake duct 6 and is supplied with fuel and electricity via an injection pump 2 and a
Auf der Anströmseite der zu erwärmenden Luft im Ansaugkanal 6 ist ein Luftstrommesser, insbesondere ein Luftgeschwindigkeits- oder Luftmengenmesser 5 angeordnet, dessen Ausgangssignal am Steuergerät 3 liegt. Das Steuergerät 3 steuert die Kraftstoffversorgung der Flammglühkerze 1 nach Maßgabe der Luftmenge/geschwindigkeit im Luftansaugkanal 6, die ihm vom Luftstrommesser 5 gemeldet wird. In dieser Weise wird eine für die Flammglühkerze passende Kraftstoffmenge der abgezweigten und in die Flammglühkerze 1 eintretenden Luftmenge zudosiert, was beispielsweise durch eine Plungerpumpe erreicht werden kann, deren Taktfrequenz passend zur Luftmenge verändert wird. Dabei wird pro Arbeitshub eine konstante Kraftstoffmenge gefördert und wird die Taktfrequenz über den Luftstrommesser gesteuert. Dadurch wird die Kraftstoffördermenge weitgehend unabhängig vom Kraftstoffvordruck im Versorgungssystem und können extreme Druckspitzen leichter beherrscht werden. Die Messung der Luftgeschwindigkeit kann in verschiedener Weise erfolgen. Es kann eine Stauscheibe verwandt werden, die bei steigender Luftgeschwindigkeit eine Winkelbewegung ausführt. Diese Winkelbewegung wird in ein elektrisches Signal umgewandelt, das vom Steuergerät in die Taktfrequenz für die Kraftstofförderpumpe umgewandelt wird. Es kann auch ein Hitzdrahtwiderstandsmeßverfahren angewandt werden. Dabei wird ein mit konstantem Strom beheizter Hitzdraht der Luftströmung ausgesetzt, die eine Abkühlung des Hitzdrahtes und damit eine Senkung des Drahtwiderstandes bewirkt, der als Maß für die Luftmenge herangezogen werden kann. Besonders geeignet ist die Verwendung eines Drucksensors, der den Absolutdruck innerhalb des Luftkanals erfaßt, wobei über das Drucksignal eine Aussage über die Luftgeschwindigkeit möglich ist. In dieser Weise ist es möglich, die Kraftstoffmenge der jeweiligen Luftmenge so anzupassen, daß eine optimale Verbrennung erreicht wird, die auch bei stark erhöhter Luftgeschwindigkeit im Motorbetrieb nicht zu einem Flammenabriß führt.An air flow meter, in particular an air velocity or air flow meter 5, is arranged on the upstream side of the air to be heated, the output signal of which is at
Was die Stromversorgung der Flammglühkerze 1 durch das Steuergerät 3 anbetrifft, so wird bei Betriebsbeginn zunächst mit einer mehrfachen Überlast vorgeglüht, wobei die erforderliche Energie unter Berücksichtigung der elektrischen Betriebsparameter der Verbrennungseinrichtung, beispielsweise der Bordspannung durch eine entsprechende Wahl der Höhe des Heizstromes und der Vorglühzeit zugeteilt wird. Anschließend erfolgt eine Abregelung nach einem vorgegebenen Kennfeld, wobei wiederum die Bordspannung, aber auch der Ladezustand der Batterie, die Belastung durch andere Verbraucher usw. berücksichtigt werden, um bei einer Versorgung mit Stromimpulsen das richtige Impuls-Pausen-Verhältnis für die getaktete Stromversorgung vorzugeben.As far as the power supply of the flame glow plug 1 is controlled by the
Die elektrische Heizenergie für die Kraftstoffverdampfung in der Flammglühkerze 1 entspricht der durchgesetzten Kraftstoffmenge bis zu einer maximal verträglichen Heizenergie, um eine Beschädigung des Heizelementes zu vermeiden. Diese maximal verträgliche Heizenergie ist dann erreicht, wenn im Heizelement das Temperaturgefälle von innen nach außen zu groß wird und die Heiz- und Regelwendeln im Heizelement der Flammglühkerze 1 zur Überhitzung neigen.The electrical heating energy for the fuel evaporation in the flame glow plug 1 corresponds to the fuel quantity passed through up to a maximum compatible heating energy, to avoid damaging the heating element. This maximum compatible heating energy is reached when the temperature gradient from inside to outside becomes too great and the heating and control coils in the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 tend to overheat.
In der Flammglühkerze 1 wird der Kraftstoff dann verdampft und mit der eintretenden Luft vermischt, wobei sich aufgrund der o.a. Steuerung ein zündfähiges Gemisch mit hoher Flammausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit ergibt, dessen Gemischverhältnisse für alle Last- und Drehzahlbereiche optimal ist. Wenn der Luftstrommesser 5 im Luftansaugkanal bewegte Luft meldet, dann wird die Heizleistung der Flammglühkerze 1 durch das Steuergerät 3 in geeigneter Weise erhöht, damit der dazu passend zugeführte Kraftstoff auch aufbereitet werden kann und die Wärmeabführung durch die bewegte Luft ausgeglichen wird. Diese Erhöhung der Heizleistung erfolgt wiederum bis die für das Heizelement kritsche Heizleistung erreicht ist.In the flame glow plug 1, the fuel is then evaporated and mixed with the incoming air, whereby due to the above. Control results in an ignitable mixture with high flame propagation speed, the mixture ratio of which is optimal for all load and speed ranges. When the air flow meter 5 reports moving air in the air intake duct, the heating power of the flame glow plug 1 is increased by the
Die Ausbildung kann derart sein, daß der Kraftstoff proportional zur Luftmenge, zur Luftgeschwindigkeit oder dem absoluten Staudruck mit separater Pumpe zugeführt wird, wozu eine kontinuierlich fördernde Pumpe mit proportional zur Luftmenge erzeugtem Kraftstoffdruck, eine proportional zur Luftmenge fördernde Pumpe mit variabler Antriebsdrehzahl oder eine Plungerpumpe vorgesehen sein, die zwar stoßweise fördert, die aber mit Einrichtungen zur Vergleichmäßigung des Kraftstoffabflusses versehen ist.The design can be such that the fuel is supplied in proportion to the amount of air, the air speed or the absolute dynamic pressure with a separate pump, for which purpose a continuously delivering pump with fuel pressure generated in proportion to the amount of air, a pump proportional to the amount of air supply with variable drive speed or a plunger pump are provided be, which promotes intermittently, but is provided with facilities for equalizing the fuel outflow.
Die Heizenergie kann gleichfalls kontinuierlich zugeführt werden, indem bei der Kraftstoffzuführung die Heizleistung durch Selbstregelung angepaßt wird und in der Flammglühkerze ein Regeldraht mit Temperatursprungcharakteristik vorgesehen wird, der vom Kraftstoff abgekühlt wird und zu einer höheren Heizleistung führt. Dem Heizelement in der Flammglühkerze 1 kann auch ein elektrisch vorgeschaltetes abgestimmtes PTC-Element, d.h. ein Widerstandselement mit positivem Temperaturkoeffizienten vorgeschaltet sein, das ohne Kraftstoffdurchfluß langsam heiß wird und als Vorwiderstand dient. Mit Kraftstoffdurchfluß wird dieses Element entsprechend abgekühlt, so daß es niederohmiger wird und eine größere Heizleistung am Heizelement der Flammglühkerze 1 zuläßt, die zur Verdampfung des zugeführten Kraftstoffes notwendig ist.The heating energy can also be supplied continuously by adjusting the heating power in the fuel supply by self-regulation and in the flame glow plug a control wire with temperature jump characteristics is provided, which is cooled by the fuel and leads to a higher heating power. The heating element in the Flame glow plug 1 can also be connected upstream of an electrically tuned PTC element, ie a resistance element with a positive temperature coefficient, which slowly gets hot without fuel flow and serves as a series resistor. With fuel flow, this element is cooled accordingly, so that it becomes low-resistance and allows a greater heating power on the heating element of the flame glow plug 1, which is necessary for the vaporization of the supplied fuel.
Vorzugsweise weist die Flammglühkerze 1 zwei oder mehr Heizelemente auf, die nach einem schnellen Vorglühen impulsweise mit Heizenergie versorgt werden, derart, daß sich die Stromimpulse zeitlich lückenlos aneinanderreihen und die Heizenergieversorgung in Heizstufen erfolgt, in denen z.B. bei drei Heizelementen jeweils kein Heizelement, ein Heizelement, zwei Heizelemente oder alle drei Heizelemente wechselweise oder gleichzeitig mit Strom versorgt werden.Preferably, the flame glow plug 1 has two or more heating elements, which are supplied with heating energy in pulses after a quick preheating, in such a way that the current pulses line up without gaps and the heating energy supply takes place in heating stages in which e.g. If there are three heating elements, no heating element, one heating element, two heating elements or all three heating elements are supplied with electricity alternately or simultaneously.
Es ist weiterhin bevorzugt, die Flammhaltung durch ein katalytisch wirkendes Element in der Flamme zu unterstützen. Dieses Element ist im Bereich der Flammaustrittsöffnung angeordnet und in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellt.It is further preferred to support the flame retention by a catalytically active element in the flame. This element is arranged in the area of the flame outlet opening and is not shown in the drawing.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Flammglühanlage ist somit ein Luftstrommesser 5 im Ansaugkanal 6 als Sensor vorgesehen, nach dessen Ausgangssignalen die Kraftstoffmenge und die elektrische Heizenergie der Flammglühkerze 1 durch das Steuergerät 3 zugeteilt wird. Statt der Verwendung einer Plungerpumpe, deren Taktfrequenz proportional zur Luftmenge gefahren wird, um die Kraftstoffmenge proportional zur Luftmenge zuzuführen, wie es oben beschrieben wurde, ist auch mit einer Drossel und mit einem zur Luftmenge proportionalen Kraftstoffdruck eine derartige Kraftstoffversorgung erreichbar. Es kann auch eine proportional zur Luftmenge einstellbare Düse vorzugsweise mit in etwa konstantem Kraftstoffdruck vorgesehen sein.In the flame glow system according to the invention, an air flow meter 5 is thus provided in the intake duct 6 as a sensor, according to the output signals of which the fuel quantity and the electrical heating energy of the flame glow plug 1 are allocated by the
Im Betrieb der Flammglühanlage wird das oder werden die elektrisch beheizten Heizelemente in der Flammglühkerze 1 zur Kraftstoffaufbereitung mit Strom versorgt, wobei zunächst mit mehrfacher elektrischer Überlast, d.h. möglichst schnell aufgeheizt wird und zwar unter Berücksichtigung des Zustandes des Bordnetzes und dann die Energiezufuhr, beispielsweise über ein variables Impuls-Pausen-Verhältnis des Stromtaktes reduziert wird. Sobald Kraftstoff zugeführt wird, wird über ein neu angepaßtes variables Impuls-Pausen-Verhältnis die jeweils erforderliche Heizenergie in Abhängigkeit von der zugeführten Kraftstoffmenge zugeteilt. Die Zuteilung kann als Kennfeld in einem elektronischen Speicher angelegt sein.In the operation of the flame glow system, the or the electrically heated heating elements in the flame glow plug 1 are supplied with current for fuel processing, initially with multiple electrical overloads, i.e. is heated up as quickly as possible, taking into account the state of the vehicle electrical system and then the energy supply, for example, is reduced via a variable pulse-pause ratio of the current cycle. As soon as fuel is supplied, the heating energy required in each case is allocated as a function of the quantity of fuel supplied via a newly adapted variable pulse-pause ratio. The allocation can be created as a map in an electronic memory.
Bordnetzschwankungen können durch Änderung des Impuls-Pausen-Verhältnisses kompensiert werden. Bei mehreren Heizelementen kann Stromschwankungen bei der impulsförmigen Heizenergieversorgung dadurch entgegengewirkt werden, daß sich die Stromimpulse der Heizelemente zeitlich lückenlos aneinanderreihen.Electrical system fluctuations can be compensated for by changing the pulse-pause ratio. In the case of several heating elements, current fluctuations in the pulsed heating energy supply can be counteracted in that the current pulses of the heating elements are lined up without gaps in time.
Es wird ein stoichiometrisches Luftkraftstoffgemisch in der Flammglühkerze 1 mit hoher Flammausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit angestrebt, das über den Luftstrommesser 5 und die zugehörige Kraftstoffversorgung, beispielsweise die Taktfrequenz einer Plungerpumpe gesteuert wird. Da eine zur durchgesetzten Luftmenge passende Kraftstoffmenge zudosiert wird, ist nach Zündung des Luftkraftstoffgemisches eine maximale Flammausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit bis zu einer vorgegebenen oberen Luftmenge sichergestellt. Die Heizenergie für das Heizelement der Flammglühkerze 1 wird über die Messung der Luftmenge so zugeteilt, daß das Heizelement der Flammglühkerze 1 nicht beschädigt wird.A stoichiometric air-fuel mixture in the flame glow plug 1 with a high flame propagation speed is sought, which is controlled via the air flow meter 5 and the associated fuel supply, for example the clock frequency of a plunger pump. Since a quantity of fuel which is suitable for the quantity of air passed through is metered in, a maximum flame propagation rate up to a predetermined upper quantity of air is ensured after ignition of the air / fuel mixture. The heating energy for the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 is allocated by measuring the amount of air so that the heating element of the flame glow plug 1 is not damaged.
Die erfindungsgemäße Flammglühanlage hat den zusätzlichen Vorteil, daß die durchsetzbare Kraftstoffmenge höher ist, so daß sich weitere Anwendungsfälle erschließen, d.h. die Flammglühanlage auch beispielsweise für großvolumige LKW-Motoren einsetzbar ist.The flame annealing plant according to the invention has the additional Advantage that the enforceable amount of fuel is higher, so that further applications open up, ie the flame annealing system can also be used, for example, for large-volume truck engines.
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4243965 | 1992-12-23 | ||
| DE4243965A DE4243965A1 (en) | 1992-12-23 | 1992-12-23 | Flame annealing plant |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0603795A2 true EP0603795A2 (en) | 1994-06-29 |
| EP0603795A3 EP0603795A3 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
| EP0603795B1 EP0603795B1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
Family
ID=6476462
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93120530A Expired - Lifetime EP0603795B1 (en) | 1992-12-23 | 1993-12-20 | Flame glow system |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5402757A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0603795B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE129780T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4243965A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2079234T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4431477C2 (en) * | 1994-09-03 | 1996-09-26 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Jump starter, especially for a diesel engine |
| DE19629928A1 (en) * | 1996-07-24 | 1998-01-29 | Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A | Method for operating a flame start system for an internal combustion engine and flame start system for an internal combustion engine |
| DE69813459T2 (en) | 1997-11-18 | 2004-02-12 | Toyota Jidosha K.K., Toyota | Control system of a combustion device for an internal combustion engine |
| JP3658970B2 (en) | 1997-12-08 | 2005-06-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine having a combustion heater |
| EP0924399B1 (en) | 1997-12-19 | 2003-07-23 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Internal combustion engine having lean NOx catalyst |
| JP3577961B2 (en) | 1998-02-27 | 2004-10-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine having a combustion heater |
| JP3509563B2 (en) | 1998-03-10 | 2004-03-22 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Internal combustion engine having a combustion heater |
| DE10048608C2 (en) * | 2000-09-30 | 2003-04-03 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Method and computer program for operating an internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine |
| DE10233049B4 (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-05-13 | Webasto Thermosysteme International Gmbh | Heater with a glow plug / flame detector |
| CN112746924B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-09-21 | 北京理工大学 | Self-combustion type flame air inlet preheating system for diesel engine |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2807149A1 (en) * | 1977-02-22 | 1978-08-24 | Nippon Soken | IGNITION SYSTEM FOR ROTARY PISTON MACHINES |
| EP0448830A2 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-10-02 | Mercedes-Benz Ag | Flame glowplug for an injected air compressing combustion engine |
| DE4032758A1 (en) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-04-30 | Daimler Benz Ag | Intake air heater for IC engine flame starting - supplies metered fuel vol., controlled by detected engine operating parameters |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3400699A (en) * | 1966-06-08 | 1968-09-10 | Ford Motor Co | Preheater unit for an internal combustion engine |
| US3602206A (en) * | 1968-02-07 | 1971-08-31 | Daimler Benz Ag | Flame heater plug for air-compressing internal combustion engines |
| JPS5121012A (en) * | 1974-08-14 | 1976-02-19 | Hitachi Ltd | |
| DE3335144A1 (en) * | 1982-09-30 | 1984-04-05 | Isuzu Motors Ltd., Tokyo | INLET BURNER |
| JPS59141771A (en) * | 1983-02-03 | 1984-08-14 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | Control device for diesel engine |
| DE3342865A1 (en) * | 1983-11-26 | 1985-06-05 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | DEVICE FOR HEATING THE GLOW PLUGS OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| DE4007340C1 (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1990-10-11 | Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De | |
| DE4041631C1 (en) * | 1990-12-22 | 1992-02-06 | Daimler Benz Ag |
-
1992
- 1992-12-23 DE DE4243965A patent/DE4243965A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-12-20 ES ES93120530T patent/ES2079234T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-20 DE DE59300858T patent/DE59300858D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-20 AT AT93120530T patent/ATE129780T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-20 EP EP93120530A patent/EP0603795B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-23 US US08/172,213 patent/US5402757A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2807149A1 (en) * | 1977-02-22 | 1978-08-24 | Nippon Soken | IGNITION SYSTEM FOR ROTARY PISTON MACHINES |
| EP0448830A2 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1991-10-02 | Mercedes-Benz Ag | Flame glowplug for an injected air compressing combustion engine |
| DE4032758A1 (en) * | 1990-10-16 | 1992-04-30 | Daimler Benz Ag | Intake air heater for IC engine flame starting - supplies metered fuel vol., controlled by detected engine operating parameters |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0603795A3 (en) | 1994-08-24 |
| ATE129780T1 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
| EP0603795B1 (en) | 1995-11-02 |
| DE59300858D1 (en) | 1995-12-07 |
| ES2079234T3 (en) | 1996-01-01 |
| DE4243965A1 (en) | 1994-06-30 |
| US5402757A (en) | 1995-04-04 |
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