EP0601574A1 - Toothbrush - Google Patents
Toothbrush Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0601574A1 EP0601574A1 EP93119816A EP93119816A EP0601574A1 EP 0601574 A1 EP0601574 A1 EP 0601574A1 EP 93119816 A EP93119816 A EP 93119816A EP 93119816 A EP93119816 A EP 93119816A EP 0601574 A1 EP0601574 A1 EP 0601574A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- handle
- toothbrush according
- spindle
- brush head
- gear
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B5/00—Brush bodies; Handles integral with brushware
- A46B5/0095—Removable or interchangeable brush heads
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B13/00—Brushes with driven brush bodies or carriers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B7/00—Bristle carriers arranged in the brush body
- A46B7/04—Bristle carriers arranged in the brush body interchangeably removable bristle carriers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B7/00—Bristle carriers arranged in the brush body
- A46B7/04—Bristle carriers arranged in the brush body interchangeably removable bristle carriers
- A46B7/046—Threaded or screw connections for bristle carriers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
- A46B2200/10—For human or animal care
- A46B2200/1066—Toothbrush for cleaning the teeth or dentures
Definitions
- the invention relates to a toothbrush consisting of a handle with a coupling end, and of a brush head with a coupling end, it being possible for the brush head to be firmly but releasably connected to the handle by engagement of their coupling ends.
- a toothbrush of this type is known from EP 0,326,363 A1.
- the brush handle has a conical shape at its front end and the rear end of the brush head facing the brush handle has a recess corresponding to the conical end of the brush handle.
- the cone on the brush handle is provided with an annular bead which engages in an annular groove in the recess of the brush head and thus forms a snap-in holding device which fixes the brush head on the brush handle in the axial direction.
- Longitudinal ribs provided on the cone engage in corresponding longitudinal grooves in the recess of the brush head in order to provide a connection which is fixed in terms of rotation.
- the invention is based on the object of improving a toothbrush of the known generic type stated, in such a way that the brush head is firmly clamped in the axial direction in its connection to the brush handle. As a result, a hygienically satisfactory connection between the brush head and the handle is to be ensured. Furthermore, when positioning the bristles of the brush head on the teeth at the place to be treated, a correspondingly secure grip in the hand holding the brush is to be imparted to the user. In this case, the toothbrush is to be easy to handle and quick to assemble for the user.
- the invention is characterised by an actuating member which is secured movably on the handle; a gearing which is arranged inside the handle and has a driving gear, which is firmly connected to the actuating member, and a driving gear; a spindle which is mounted axially movably and rotatably in the handle, one end of the spindle being connected for rotary movement to the driving gear of the gearing inside the handle, and the other end of the spindle being mounted in the coupling end of the handle and having a first part of the device for the releasable connection of the handle to the brush head; a second part of the device in the coupling end of the brush head for the releasable connection to the first part of the device at the other end of the spindle.
- the gearing is preferably a speed-transforming transmission whose driving gear is coupled to the actuating member and whose output gear meshes with a pinion which is formed by the inner end of the spindle.
- the driving gear of the speed-transforming transmission may be an inner gear. In this case, it is expediently mounted with its cylindrical circumferential surface in a sliding bearing, formed by the handle, so as to be rotatable and fixed against axial movement.
- the driving gear of the speed-transforming transmission can also be an outer gear. In this case, it can have a shaft end which is mounted rotatably but axially non-movably in a bracket formed by the handle approximately parallel to the pinion of the spindle.
- the coupling of the actuating member to the speed-transforming transmission advantageously consists of a bevel gearing whose driving bevel gear is firmly connected to the actuating member and whose output bevel gear forms a unit with the driving gear of the speed-transforming transmission.
- the driving bevel gear may be provided with a shaft end which is mounted rotatably transversely to the longitudinal axis of the handle in a side wall thereof.
- a ring gear may be located with spacing coaxially opposite the driving bevel gear and be provided on the end side facing away from the driving bevel gear with a shaft end which engages rotatably in a sliding bearing of a second side wall of the handle located opposite the first side wall.
- the driving bevel gear is advantageously constructed as an integral constituent of the actuating member.
- the actuating member may be a lever whose swivel axis is formed by the shaft ends of the driving bevel gear and the ring gear.
- the lever in its position which locks the brush head, the lever may fill an opening in an inside wall of the handle, such that the outside of the lever is flush with the outer surface of the handle on its inside or underside.
- the end of the lever facing away from the neck of the handle preferably has on the inside of said lever a lever arm whose forked, free end is formed by the driving bevel gear and the ring gear.
- the lever arm preferably encloses an acute angle which opens towards the handle neck.
- the spindle is expediently provided with a guiding spindle which is mounted with screw motion in a threaded bearing inside the neck of the handle.
- the guiding spindle may be arranged on a central longitudinal portion of the spindle.
- longitudinal portions at the two ends of the spindle may have a smooth outer surface and be mounted rotationally and axially displaceably in each case in a sliding bearing in the neck of the handle.
- the end of the spindle mounted in the neck may advantageously be provided with a thread corresponding to a thread in an insertion opening in the coupling part of the brush head, the thread being arranged in the bottom of the insertion opening of the brush head.
- the neck of the handle is advantageously provided with a socket whose length and cross-section correspond approximately to the depth and the cross-section of the insertion opening in the brush head.
- the plug-in connection for the coupling parts of the brush head and of the handle is provided with a centring device.
- Said centring device preferably consists of a non-round cross-section of the insertion end on the handle and of a corresponding cross-section of the insertion opening in the brush head.
- Figure 1 shows a plastic toothbrush 20 which consists of a handle 22 and a brush head 24 with a bristle zone 26.
- a neck 28 of the handle 22 has a coupling end 30.
- the brush head 24 has a coupling end 32.
- the brush head 24 and the handle 22 are connected firmly but releasably to one another by engagement of the two coupling ends 30, 32.
- the handle 22 and its neck 28 consist of a hollow box profile 34 with an outside wall 36, an inside wall 38, a side wall 40 on the left and a side wall 42 on the right in Figure 5.
- a front longitudinal portion of the inside wall 38 extending up to the handle neck 28 has an opening 44 which is filled by an actuating member 46 which may be constructed as a lever 48 ( Figures 1, 2 and 5).
- the end of the lever 48 facing away from the handle neck 28 has on the inside a lever arm 50 which, with the longitudinal axis of the lever 48, forms an acute angle which opens in the direction of the handle neck 28.
- the inner end of the lever arm 50, protruding into the hollow space of the box profile 34, is branched.
- the branch consists of a ring gear 52 and a driving bevel gear 54 of a bevel gearing 68.
- the ring gear 52 and the driving bevel gear 54 are arranged spaced apart on a common imaginary axis 56 which extends at a central height along the side walls 40, 42 of the box profile 34 perpendicular thereto.
- the ring gear 52 is formed integrally with a shaft end 58 on its side facing away from the driving bevel gear 54.
- the inside of the side wall 42 of the box profile 34 located opposite the shaft end 58 is provided with a sliding bearing 60 which consists of a circular-cylindrical depression in which the shaft end 58 of the ring gear 52 engages rotatably.
- the driving bevel gear 54 is likewise integrally constructed with a shaft end 62 on its side facing away from the ring gear 52.
- the inside of the left side wall 40 of the box profile 34 located opposite the shaft end 62 has a sliding bearing 64 which is constructed coaxially opposite and corresponding to the sliding bearing 60.
- the shaft end 62 of the driving bevel gear 54 engages rotatably in said sliding bearing 64. Consequently, the two shaft ends 58, 62 of the ring gear 52 and driving bevel gear 54 form a swivel axis for the lever 48, said swivel axis being coaxial with the imaginary axis 56, and the ring gear 52 and the driving bevel gear 54 executing a rotary movement when the lever 48 is swivelled.
- the bevel gearing 68 is formed by the driving bevel gear 54 with an output bevel gear 66.
- the output bevel gear 66 is arranged on the end side of an inner gear 70 facing away from the handle neck 28 and forms a plastic part with said inner gear.
- the inner gear 70 is the driving gear for a pinion 72 and, with the latter, forms a speed-transforming transmission 74 for a spindle 76.
- the inner gear 70 has a smooth cylindrical circumferential surface 71 and is mounted rotatably, but axially non-displaceably in a sliding bearing 78 whose imaginary axis 80 runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the handle 22.
- the sliding bearing 78 is arranged in the region of the front end of the handle 22 behind the handle neck 28 and surrounds the inner gear 70 in the manner of a bracket or ring.
- the sliding bearing 78 is formed integrally with the handle 22 from plastic material.
- the inner gear 70 is of cup-shaped design, a cylindrical cutout 82, coaxial with the axis of rotation 80 of said inner gear, facing the handle neck 28 and the cylindrical wall of the cutout 82 being provided with an internal tooth gearing 84.
- the pinion 72 forms the inner end of the spindle 76 and extends only over a length thereof which is dimensioned to be slightly larger than the axial depth of the cutout 82 of the inner gear 70 having the internal tooth gearing 84.
- the front end of the pinion 72 forming the inner end of the spindle 76 is arranged with a greater or lesser axial spacing from the bottom of the cutout 82 of the inner gear 70 depending on whether the spindle 76 is in its position retracted into the handle 22 or its position moved out of the handle.
- a longitudinal portion 86 of the spindle 76 is provided ahead of the pinion 72 in the direction of the brush head 24.
- the spindle 76 With this longitudinal portion 86, whose diameter corresponds approximately to that of the pinion 72, the spindle 76 is supported axially movably and rotatably in a sliding bearing 88 which, in turn, is produced integrally with the handle 22 from plastic material.
- the sliding bearing 88 is arranged in the vicinity of the inside of the outside wall 36 of the handle 22, such that the longitudinal portion 86 and the pinion 72 are disposed with slight spacing from the inside of the outside wall 36 approximately parallel to the latter.
- the sliding bearing 88 forms an abutment for the pinion 72 which, as a result of the described position of the rear end of the spindle 76, engages in the internal tooth gearing 84 of the inner gear 70 at that point at which the inner gear 70 assumes the smallest spacing from the outside wall 36.
- the longitudinal portion 86 having smooth walls is, of course, dimensioned to be of such a length that the spindle 76 is also mounted satisfactorily in any of its end positions. Since the sliding bearing 88 has a convex bearing surface in cross-section, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the longitudinal portion 86 having smooth walls is supported substantially only on one line of contact with the least possible friction.
- the spindle 76 is curved so that it can adapt to the physiologically related and therefore desired curvature of the handle neck 28.
- the spindle 76 is produced from flexible material which may preferably be plastic material or even spring steel.
- the flexibility of the spindle 76 is assisted by the fact that the diameter of the circular cross-section of the spindle 76 is reduced over a substantial part of its length in relation to the longitudinal portion 86 and the pinion 74.
- This flexible main longitudinal portion is denoted by reference numeral 90; its curved longitudinal portion is denoted by 92 and is situated with slight axial spacing from the smooth-walled longitudinal portion 86 of the spindle 76.
- the main longitudinal portion 90 has a circular cross-section and is likewise constructed with smooth walls.
- the main longitudinal portion 90 of the spindle 76 is provided with a guiding spindle 100 whose coarse-pitch thread is mounted with screw motion in a corresponding internal thread of a threaded bearing 102 in the handle neck 28.
- the coarse-pitch thread allows a relatively large axial movement of the spindle 76 with, in contrast, a relatively small angle of rotation of the spindle 76 of preferably less than 180°.
- the threaded bearing 102 is produced integrally with the handle neck 28 from plastic material.
- One end 94 of the main longitudinal portion 90 of the spindle 76 is once again mounted axially displaceably and rotatably in a sliding bearing 96 which is formed by the front end of the handle neck 28 and a socket 98 constructed uniformly with the latter.
- the sliding bearing 96 thus extends over a substantial length, by means of which a satisfactory, precise guiding of the spindle 76 is ensured, which in turn is important for a secure attachment or fastening of the brush head 24 to the handle 22.
- the front end 94 of the main longitudinal portion 90 of the spindle 76 has an outer end 104 which, in the assembled state of the toothbrush 20 in Figure 1, protrudes out of the socket 98 of the coupling end 30 of the handle neck 28 but, in the disassembled state of the toothbrush 20 according to Figure 2, is arranged and protected inside the socket 98.
- the outer end 104 of the spindle 76 is provided with a thread 106 whose pitch corresponds to that of the coarse-pitch thread of the guiding spindle 100.
- the socket 98 is greatly decreased or reduced in the cross-section in relation to the coupling end 30 of the handle neck 28 which is tapered towards the brush head 24, such that an annular shoulder 108 is formed. Directly ahead of the shoulder 108, the socket 98 is provided with an annular lock-in groove 110 ( Figures 2 and 6).
- the coupling end 32 of the brush head 24 has a thickening 112, such that two longitudinal rows of bristles are dimensioned to be shorter than the other bristles in increasing stages towards the rear end of the bristle zone. Since the shorter bristles are more resistant to bending, a better cleaning effect can be achieved with this rear, central region of the bristle zone over a prolonged period, which is facilitated, inter alia, by the arrangement of an insertion opening 114 in the end side facing the handle neck 28. In contrast, the longitudinal rows of bristles on the two outer sides of the bristle zone are of equal length, that is to say not shortened, over the entire length of the bristle zone. This allows gentle cleaning of the gum pockets.
- the inside wall of the insertion opening 114 is provided in the region of the opening edge of the latter with an annular lock-in bead 116.
- the depth of the insertion opening 114 is adapted to the length of the socket 98.
- the cross-sections of the socket 98 and of the insertion opening 114 are matched to one another precisely.
- In the bottom 115 of the insertion opening 114 there is a threaded bore 118 whose thread is likewise a coarse-pitch thread which corresponds to the thread 106 at the outer end 104 of the spindle 76.
- the threaded bore 118 has a greater depth in comparison to the length of the thread 106, such that the brush head 24 can be clamped firmly in the axial direction against the neck 28 of the handle 22 by means of the screw connection of its threaded bore 118 to the thread 106 at the outer, front end 104 of the spindle 76 ( Figure 1).
- the lock-in groove 110 of the socket 98 and that of the lock-in bead 116 of the insertion opening 114 serve the purpose of producing a locking resistance which is perceptible for the user of the toothbrush and which, when it is overcome in the insertion direction, shows the user that the brush head 24 can be screwed to the handle 22 by swivelling the lever 48 from the unlocking position shown in Figure 2 into the locking position illustrated in Figure 1 (see also Figure 6).
- the screw connection has been released by swivelling the lever 48 from the locking position shown in Figure 1 into the unlocking position illustrated in Figure 2, the fact that the locking resistance has been overcome indicates the complete separation of the brush head 24 from the handle 22.
- FIGS 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of a toothbrush 220 in which a 2 is placed in front of the reference numerals for parts which are similar to parts of the toothbrush in Figures 1 and 2.
- This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in Figures 1 and 2 only by a speed-transforming transmission 274 having an outer gear 270 and being connected downstream of a bevel gearing 268.
- a pinion 272 of a spindle 276 is arranged between the inside of an outside wall 236 of a handle 222 and the outer gear 270 and engages in its end-face tooth gearing 284.
- an output bevel gear 266 is mounted as an integral constituent of the outer gear 270 firmly on its front side facing away from the handle neck 228.
- the front side of the outer gear 270 facing the handle neck 228 has a shaft end 271 whose free end has a plate-type widening 273.
- the shaft end 271 extends in the longitudinal direction of the handle 222 and is mounted rotatably, but axially non-displaceably in a sliding bearing 278.
- the sliding bearing 278 is formed by a bracket 275 which in turn is an integral constituent of the handle 222.
- the bracket 275 is part of a sliding bearing 286 for a longitudinal portion 288, having smooth walls, of the spindle 276 which is guided snugly along the inside of the outside wall 236, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- Figures 7a, 7b and 7c illustrate different possibilities of centring the brush head 224 on the handle 222.
- the cross-section of the socket 298 and its lock-in groove 210 may have a rectangular contour 120 which is rounded at the corners and whose side edges 122, 124 enclose an acute angle which opens upwards.
- the upper and lower edges 126, 128 are only slightly curved outwards.
- the cross-section of the socket 298 has a horizontal, upper side edge 130 to which two opposite side edges 132, 134 run at right angles.
- a lower side edge 136 is curved outwards.
- Figure 7c shows a circular cross-section 138 of the socket 298 which has an axial centring shoulder 140.
- the insertion opening 214 in Figure 4 is provided on its front side with an axial cutout (not illustrated) which receives the centring shoulder 140 when the coupling ends 230, 232 are plugged into one another and fixes the brush head 224 on the handle 222 securely against rotation. Accordingly, in all the cases described, an attachment of the brush head 24 or 224 to the handle 22 or 222 is achieved which is secured against relative rotation and axial movement of said brush head.
- the handle 22 or 222 is expediently made by injection moulding from two symmetrical semi-shells which are connected to one another by bonding or welding in the region of the longitudinal centre plane of the handle.
- toothbrush according to the invention allows rapid and reliable secure and exchange of a brush head on the handle, secure, satisfactory alignment of the brush head on the handle being achieved.
- An essential prerequisite for this purpose is formed by the relatively large translation of the swivel movement of the lever into a rapid screw motion of the spindle by means of its coarse-pitch thread.
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Abstract
Description
- The invention relates to a toothbrush consisting of a handle with a coupling end, and of a brush head with a coupling end, it being possible for the brush head to be firmly but releasably connected to the handle by engagement of their coupling ends.
- A toothbrush of this type is known from EP 0,326,363 A1. In this toothbrush, the brush handle has a conical shape at its front end and the rear end of the brush head facing the brush handle has a recess corresponding to the conical end of the brush handle. The cone on the brush handle is provided with an annular bead which engages in an annular groove in the recess of the brush head and thus forms a snap-in holding device which fixes the brush head on the brush handle in the axial direction. Longitudinal ribs provided on the cone engage in corresponding longitudinal grooves in the recess of the brush head in order to provide a connection which is fixed in terms of rotation.
- The invention is based on the object of improving a toothbrush of the known generic type stated, in such a way that the brush head is firmly clamped in the axial direction in its connection to the brush handle. As a result, a hygienically satisfactory connection between the brush head and the handle is to be ensured. Furthermore, when positioning the bristles of the brush head on the teeth at the place to be treated, a correspondingly secure grip in the hand holding the brush is to be imparted to the user. In this case, the toothbrush is to be easy to handle and quick to assemble for the user.
- To achieve this object, the invention is characterised by
an actuating member which is secured movably on the handle;
a gearing which is arranged inside the handle and has a driving gear, which is firmly connected to the actuating member, and a driving gear;
a spindle which is mounted axially movably and rotatably in the handle, one end of the spindle being connected for rotary movement to the driving gear of the gearing inside the handle, and the other end of the spindle being mounted in the coupling end of the handle and having a first part of the device for the releasable connection of the handle to the brush head;
a second part of the device in the coupling end of the brush head for the releasable connection to the first part of the device at the other end of the spindle. - The gearing is preferably a speed-transforming transmission whose driving gear is coupled to the actuating member and whose output gear meshes with a pinion which is formed by the inner end of the spindle. The driving gear of the speed-transforming transmission may be an inner gear. In this case, it is expediently mounted with its cylindrical circumferential surface in a sliding bearing, formed by the handle, so as to be rotatable and fixed against axial movement. However, the driving gear of the speed-transforming transmission can also be an outer gear. In this case, it can have a shaft end which is mounted rotatably but axially non-movably in a bracket formed by the handle approximately parallel to the pinion of the spindle.
- The coupling of the actuating member to the speed-transforming transmission advantageously consists of a bevel gearing whose driving bevel gear is firmly connected to the actuating member and whose output bevel gear forms a unit with the driving gear of the speed-transforming transmission. The driving bevel gear may be provided with a shaft end which is mounted rotatably transversely to the longitudinal axis of the handle in a side wall thereof. A ring gear may be located with spacing coaxially opposite the driving bevel gear and be provided on the end side facing away from the driving bevel gear with a shaft end which engages rotatably in a sliding bearing of a second side wall of the handle located opposite the first side wall. In this case, the driving bevel gear is advantageously constructed as an integral constituent of the actuating member.
- The actuating member may be a lever whose swivel axis is formed by the shaft ends of the driving bevel gear and the ring gear. In this case, in its position which locks the brush head, the lever may fill an opening in an inside wall of the handle, such that the outside of the lever is flush with the outer surface of the handle on its inside or underside.
- The end of the lever facing away from the neck of the handle preferably has on the inside of said lever a lever arm whose forked, free end is formed by the driving bevel gear and the ring gear. With the lever, the lever arm preferably encloses an acute angle which opens towards the handle neck.
- The spindle is expediently provided with a guiding spindle which is mounted with screw motion in a threaded bearing inside the neck of the handle. In this case, the guiding spindle may be arranged on a central longitudinal portion of the spindle. Furthermore, longitudinal portions at the two ends of the spindle may have a smooth outer surface and be mounted rotationally and axially displaceably in each case in a sliding bearing in the neck of the handle. The end of the spindle mounted in the neck may advantageously be provided with a thread corresponding to a thread in an insertion opening in the coupling part of the brush head, the thread being arranged in the bottom of the insertion opening of the brush head.
- The neck of the handle is advantageously provided with a socket whose length and cross-section correspond approximately to the depth and the cross-section of the insertion opening in the brush head. In this case, the plug-in connection for the coupling parts of the brush head and of the handle is provided with a centring device. Said centring device preferably consists of a non-round cross-section of the insertion end on the handle and of a corresponding cross-section of the insertion opening in the brush head. Furthermore, it is useful to construct the plug-in connection between the insertion opening in the brush head and the socket on the handle as an easy-fitting lock-in connection. As a result, making the positive-fitting, axial plug-in connection is perceptible for the user, said connection being a prerequisite for the subsequent axial locking of the brush head with the handle by rotating the spindle.
- The invention is described in detail below with reference to the diagrammatic drawings of an exemplary embodiment.
- Figure 1
- shows a lateral view of the toothbrush, partially in longitudinal section, with a brush head mounted, a gearing with an inner gear, and an actuating member in the locking position;
- Figure 2
- shows a view of the toothbrush similar to Figure 1, in which, however, the brush head is separate from the handle and the actuating member is shown in the unlocking position;
- Figure 3
- shows a second embodiment of a toothbrush in a view similar to Figure 1, a gearing being provided with an outer gear;
- Figure 4
- shows a view similar to Figure 3 with a brush head which is unlocked and moved out of the handle;
- Figure 5
- shows a cross-section along the line V-V in Figure 1;
- Figure 6
- shows the brush head according to Figures 1 and 2 in a plug-on position;
- Figures 7a, 7b and 7c
- show different centring devices for centring the brush head on the handle of the toothbrush, each in a diagrammatic cross-section along the line VII-VII in Figure 4 on an enlarged scale.
- Figure 1 shows a
plastic toothbrush 20 which consists of ahandle 22 and abrush head 24 with abristle zone 26. Aneck 28 of thehandle 22 has acoupling end 30. Thebrush head 24 has acoupling end 32. Thebrush head 24 and thehandle 22 are connected firmly but releasably to one another by engagement of the two coupling ends 30, 32. - According to Figures 1 and 5, the
handle 22 and itsneck 28 consist of ahollow box profile 34 with anoutside wall 36, aninside wall 38, a side wall 40 on the left and aside wall 42 on the right in Figure 5. A front longitudinal portion of theinside wall 38 extending up to thehandle neck 28 has anopening 44 which is filled by an actuatingmember 46 which may be constructed as a lever 48 (Figures 1, 2 and 5). The end of thelever 48 facing away from thehandle neck 28 has on the inside alever arm 50 which, with the longitudinal axis of thelever 48, forms an acute angle which opens in the direction of thehandle neck 28. - The inner end of the
lever arm 50, protruding into the hollow space of thebox profile 34, is branched. According to Figure 5, the branch consists of a ring gear 52 and a drivingbevel gear 54 of abevel gearing 68. The ring gear 52 and the drivingbevel gear 54 are arranged spaced apart on a commonimaginary axis 56 which extends at a central height along theside walls 40, 42 of thebox profile 34 perpendicular thereto. - The ring gear 52 is formed integrally with a
shaft end 58 on its side facing away from the drivingbevel gear 54. The inside of theside wall 42 of thebox profile 34 located opposite theshaft end 58 is provided with a slidingbearing 60 which consists of a circular-cylindrical depression in which theshaft end 58 of the ring gear 52 engages rotatably. - The driving
bevel gear 54 is likewise integrally constructed with ashaft end 62 on its side facing away from the ring gear 52. The inside of the left side wall 40 of thebox profile 34 located opposite theshaft end 62 has a slidingbearing 64 which is constructed coaxially opposite and corresponding to the sliding bearing 60. Theshaft end 62 of the drivingbevel gear 54 engages rotatably in said slidingbearing 64. Consequently, the two shaft ends 58, 62 of the ring gear 52 and drivingbevel gear 54 form a swivel axis for thelever 48, said swivel axis being coaxial with theimaginary axis 56, and the ring gear 52 and the drivingbevel gear 54 executing a rotary movement when thelever 48 is swivelled. - According to Figures 1 and 2, the
bevel gearing 68 is formed by the drivingbevel gear 54 with anoutput bevel gear 66. Theoutput bevel gear 66 is arranged on the end side of aninner gear 70 facing away from thehandle neck 28 and forms a plastic part with said inner gear. Theinner gear 70 is the driving gear for apinion 72 and, with the latter, forms a speed-transformingtransmission 74 for aspindle 76. Theinner gear 70 has a smooth cylindricalcircumferential surface 71 and is mounted rotatably, but axially non-displaceably in a slidingbearing 78 whoseimaginary axis 80 runs approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of thehandle 22. The slidingbearing 78 is arranged in the region of the front end of thehandle 22 behind thehandle neck 28 and surrounds theinner gear 70 in the manner of a bracket or ring. The slidingbearing 78 is formed integrally with thehandle 22 from plastic material. Theinner gear 70 is of cup-shaped design, acylindrical cutout 82, coaxial with the axis ofrotation 80 of said inner gear, facing thehandle neck 28 and the cylindrical wall of thecutout 82 being provided with aninternal tooth gearing 84. - The
pinion 72 forms the inner end of thespindle 76 and extends only over a length thereof which is dimensioned to be slightly larger than the axial depth of thecutout 82 of theinner gear 70 having theinternal tooth gearing 84. The front end of thepinion 72 forming the inner end of thespindle 76 is arranged with a greater or lesser axial spacing from the bottom of thecutout 82 of theinner gear 70 depending on whether thespindle 76 is in its position retracted into thehandle 22 or its position moved out of the handle. - A
longitudinal portion 86 of thespindle 76, said portion having smooth walls, is provided ahead of thepinion 72 in the direction of thebrush head 24. With thislongitudinal portion 86, whose diameter corresponds approximately to that of thepinion 72, thespindle 76 is supported axially movably and rotatably in a slidingbearing 88 which, in turn, is produced integrally with thehandle 22 from plastic material. The slidingbearing 88 is arranged in the vicinity of the inside of theoutside wall 36 of thehandle 22, such that thelongitudinal portion 86 and thepinion 72 are disposed with slight spacing from the inside of theoutside wall 36 approximately parallel to the latter. At the same time, the slidingbearing 88 forms an abutment for thepinion 72 which, as a result of the described position of the rear end of thespindle 76, engages in the internal tooth gearing 84 of theinner gear 70 at that point at which theinner gear 70 assumes the smallest spacing from theoutside wall 36. Thelongitudinal portion 86 having smooth walls is, of course, dimensioned to be of such a length that thespindle 76 is also mounted satisfactorily in any of its end positions. Since the slidingbearing 88 has a convex bearing surface in cross-section, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, thelongitudinal portion 86 having smooth walls is supported substantially only on one line of contact with the least possible friction. - As can be seen from the figures, the
spindle 76 is curved so that it can adapt to the physiologically related and therefore desired curvature of thehandle neck 28. For this purpose, thespindle 76 is produced from flexible material which may preferably be plastic material or even spring steel. The flexibility of thespindle 76 is assisted by the fact that the diameter of the circular cross-section of thespindle 76 is reduced over a substantial part of its length in relation to thelongitudinal portion 86 and thepinion 74. This flexible main longitudinal portion is denoted byreference numeral 90; its curved longitudinal portion is denoted by 92 and is situated with slight axial spacing from the smooth-walledlongitudinal portion 86 of thespindle 76. The mainlongitudinal portion 90 has a circular cross-section and is likewise constructed with smooth walls. - On an approximately central longitudinal region between the two sliding
bearings longitudinal portion 90 of thespindle 76 is provided with a guidingspindle 100 whose coarse-pitch thread is mounted with screw motion in a corresponding internal thread of a threadedbearing 102 in thehandle neck 28. The coarse-pitch thread allows a relatively large axial movement of thespindle 76 with, in contrast, a relatively small angle of rotation of thespindle 76 of preferably less than 180°. Once again, the threadedbearing 102 is produced integrally with thehandle neck 28 from plastic material. - One
end 94 of the mainlongitudinal portion 90 of thespindle 76, said end being at the front in the direction of thebrush head 24, is once again mounted axially displaceably and rotatably in a slidingbearing 96 which is formed by the front end of thehandle neck 28 and asocket 98 constructed uniformly with the latter. The slidingbearing 96 thus extends over a substantial length, by means of which a satisfactory, precise guiding of thespindle 76 is ensured, which in turn is important for a secure attachment or fastening of thebrush head 24 to thehandle 22. - The
front end 94 of the mainlongitudinal portion 90 of thespindle 76 has anouter end 104 which, in the assembled state of thetoothbrush 20 in Figure 1, protrudes out of thesocket 98 of thecoupling end 30 of thehandle neck 28 but, in the disassembled state of thetoothbrush 20 according to Figure 2, is arranged and protected inside thesocket 98. Theouter end 104 of thespindle 76 is provided with athread 106 whose pitch corresponds to that of the coarse-pitch thread of the guidingspindle 100. Thesocket 98 is greatly decreased or reduced in the cross-section in relation to thecoupling end 30 of thehandle neck 28 which is tapered towards thebrush head 24, such that anannular shoulder 108 is formed. Directly ahead of theshoulder 108, thesocket 98 is provided with an annular lock-in groove 110 (Figures 2 and 6). - In the rear region of the
bristle zone 26, thecoupling end 32 of thebrush head 24 has a thickening 112, such that two longitudinal rows of bristles are dimensioned to be shorter than the other bristles in increasing stages towards the rear end of the bristle zone. Since the shorter bristles are more resistant to bending, a better cleaning effect can be achieved with this rear, central region of the bristle zone over a prolonged period, which is facilitated, inter alia, by the arrangement of aninsertion opening 114 in the end side facing thehandle neck 28. In contrast, the longitudinal rows of bristles on the two outer sides of the bristle zone are of equal length, that is to say not shortened, over the entire length of the bristle zone. This allows gentle cleaning of the gum pockets. - The inside wall of the
insertion opening 114 is provided in the region of the opening edge of the latter with an annular lock-inbead 116. The depth of theinsertion opening 114 is adapted to the length of thesocket 98. The cross-sections of thesocket 98 and of theinsertion opening 114 are matched to one another precisely. In thebottom 115 of theinsertion opening 114 there is a threadedbore 118 whose thread is likewise a coarse-pitch thread which corresponds to thethread 106 at theouter end 104 of thespindle 76. However, the threadedbore 118 has a greater depth in comparison to the length of thethread 106, such that thebrush head 24 can be clamped firmly in the axial direction against theneck 28 of thehandle 22 by means of the screw connection of its threaded bore 118 to thethread 106 at the outer,front end 104 of the spindle 76 (Figure 1). - The lock-in
groove 110 of thesocket 98 and that of the lock-inbead 116 of theinsertion opening 114 serve the purpose of producing a locking resistance which is perceptible for the user of the toothbrush and which, when it is overcome in the insertion direction, shows the user that thebrush head 24 can be screwed to thehandle 22 by swivelling thelever 48 from the unlocking position shown in Figure 2 into the locking position illustrated in Figure 1 (see also Figure 6). When the screw connection has been released by swivelling thelever 48 from the locking position shown in Figure 1 into the unlocking position illustrated in Figure 2, the fact that the locking resistance has been overcome indicates the complete separation of thebrush head 24 from thehandle 22. - Figures 3 and 4 show a second embodiment of a
toothbrush 220 in which a 2 is placed in front of the reference numerals for parts which are similar to parts of the toothbrush in Figures 1 and 2. This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in Figures 1 and 2 only by a speed-transformingtransmission 274 having anouter gear 270 and being connected downstream of abevel gearing 268. In the present case, apinion 272 of aspindle 276 is arranged between the inside of anoutside wall 236 of ahandle 222 and theouter gear 270 and engages in its end-face tooth gearing 284. In this case, too, anoutput bevel gear 266 is mounted as an integral constituent of theouter gear 270 firmly on its front side facing away from thehandle neck 228. The front side of theouter gear 270 facing thehandle neck 228 has ashaft end 271 whose free end has a plate-type widening 273. Theshaft end 271 extends in the longitudinal direction of thehandle 222 and is mounted rotatably, but axially non-displaceably in a slidingbearing 278. The slidingbearing 278 is formed by abracket 275 which in turn is an integral constituent of thehandle 222. At the same time, thebracket 275 is part of a slidingbearing 286 for alongitudinal portion 288, having smooth walls, of thespindle 276 which is guided snugly along the inside of theoutside wall 236, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. - Figures 7a, 7b and 7c illustrate different possibilities of centring the
brush head 224 on thehandle 222. According to Figure 7a, the cross-section of thesocket 298 and its lock-ingroove 210 may have arectangular contour 120 which is rounded at the corners and whose side edges 122, 124 enclose an acute angle which opens upwards. In contrast, the upper andlower edges - In Figure 7b, the cross-section of the
socket 298 has a horizontal,upper side edge 130 to which two opposite side edges 132, 134 run at right angles. Alower side edge 136 is curved outwards. Once again, the corners of the transverse profile are rounded. - Figure 7c shows a
circular cross-section 138 of thesocket 298 which has anaxial centring shoulder 140. In this case, theinsertion opening 214 in Figure 4 is provided on its front side with an axial cutout (not illustrated) which receives thecentring shoulder 140 when the coupling ends 230, 232 are plugged into one another and fixes thebrush head 224 on thehandle 222 securely against rotation. Accordingly, in all the cases described, an attachment of thebrush head handle - As has been mentioned, all the parts of the
toothbrush 20; 220 preferably consist of plastic material. Thehandle - The above description shows clearly that the toothbrush according to the invention allows rapid and reliable secure and exchange of a brush head on the handle, secure, satisfactory alignment of the brush head on the handle being achieved. An essential prerequisite for this purpose is formed by the relatively large translation of the swivel movement of the lever into a rapid screw motion of the spindle by means of its coarse-pitch thread.
-
- 20
- Toothbrush
- 22
- Handle
- 24
- Brush head
- 26
- Bristle zone
- 28
- Handle neck
- 30
- Coupling end handle
- 32
- Coupling end brush head
- 34
- Box profile
- 36
- Outside wall
- 38
- Inside wall
- 40
- Side wall, left
- 42
- Side wall, right
- 44
- Opening
- 46
- Actuating member
- 48
- Lever
- 50
- Lever arm
- 52
- Ring gear
- 54
- Driving bevel gear
- 56
- Axis, imaginary
- 58
- Shaft end
- 60
- Sliding bearing
- 62
- Shaft end
- 64
- Sliding bearing
- 66
- Output bevel gear
- 68
- Bevel gearing
- 70
- Inner gear
- 71
- Circumferential surface, smooth cylindrical
- 72
- Pinion
- 74
- Speed-transforming transmission
- 76
- Spindle
- 78
- Sliding bearing
- 80
- Axis, imaginary
- 82
- Cutout, cylindrical
- 84
- Internal tooth gearing
- 86
- Longitudinal portion, having smooth walls
- 88
- Sliding bearing
- 90
- Main longitudinal portion, flexible
- 92
- Longitudinal portion, curved
- 94
- End, front
- 96
- Sliding bearing
- 98
- Socket
- 100
- Guiding spindle
- 102
- Threaded bearing
- 104
- End, outer
- 106
- Thread
- 108
- Shoulder, annular
- 110
- Lock-in groove, annular
- 112
- Thickening
- 114
- Insertion opening
- 115
- Bottom
- 116
- Lock-in bead
- 118
- Threaded bore
- 120
- Contour
- 122
- Side edge
- 124
- Side edge
- 126
- Edge, upper
- 128
- Edge, lower
- 130
- Side edge, upper
- 132
- Side edge, left
- 134
- Side edge, right
- 136
- Side edge, lower
- 138
- Cross-section, circular
- 140
- Centring shoulder
- 210
- Lock-in groove
- 214
- Centring shoulder
- 220
- Toothbrush
- 222
- Handle
- 224
- Brush head
- 228
- Handle neck
- 236
- Outside wall
- 266
- Output bevel gear
- 268
- Bevel gearing
- 270
- Outer gear
- 271
- Shaft end
- 272
- Pinion
- 273
- Widening, plate-type
- 274
- Speed-transforming transmission
- 275
- Bracket
- 276
- Spindle
- 278
- Sliding bearing
- 284
- End-face tooth gearing
- 286
- Sliding bearing
- 288
- Longitudinal portion, with smooth walls
- 298
- Socket
Claims (23)
- Toothbrush, consisting of a handle whose neck has a coupling end, and of a brush head with a coupling end, it being possible for the brush head to be firmly but releasably connected to the handle by engagement of their coupling ends, characterised by
an actuating member (46) which is secured movably on the handle (22);
a gearing (68, 74) which is arranged inside the handle (22) and has a driving gear (54), which is firmly connected to the actuating member (46), and a driving gear (70);
a spindle (76) which is mounted axially movably and rotatably in the handle (22), one end of the spindle (76) being connected for rotary movement to the driving gear (70) of the gearing (68, 74) inside the handle (22), and the other end of the spindle (76) being mounted in the coupling end (30) of the handle (22) and having a first part of the device for the releasable connection of the handle (22) to the brush head (24);
a second part of the device in the coupling end (32) of the brush head (24) for the releasable connection to the first part of the device at the other end of the spindle (76). - Toothbrush according to Claim 1, characterised in that the gearing (68; 74) has a speed-transforming transmission (74) whose driving gear (70) is coupled movably to the actuating member (46) and whose driving gear is a pinion (48) which forms the inner end of the spindle (76).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 2, characterised in that the driving gear of the speed-transforming transmission (74) is an inner gear (70).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 3, characterised in that the inner gear (70) of the speed-transforming transmission (74) has a smooth cylindrical circumferential surface (71) with which the inner gear (70) is mounted rotatably, but axially non-displaceably in a sliding bearing (60).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 2, characterised in that the driving gear of the speed-transforming transmission (274) is an outer gear (270).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 5, characterised in that the outer gear (270) has a shaft end (271) which is mounted rotatably, but axially non-displaceably in a bracket (275) approximately parallel to the pinion (272) of the spindle (276).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 2, characterised in that the coupling of the actuating member (46) to the speed-transforming transmission (74; 274) consists of a bevel gearing (68; 268) whose driving bevel gear (54) is firmly connected to the actuating member (46).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 7, characterised in that the driving bevel gear (54) is provided with a shaft end (62) which is mounted rotatably transversely to the longitudinal axis of the handle (22) in a side wall (40) thereof.
- Toothbrush according to Claim 8, characterised in that a ring gear (52) is located with spacing co-axially opposite the driving bevel gear (54) and is provided on the end side facing away from the driving bevel gear (54) with a shaft end (58) which engages rotatably in a sliding bearing (60) on the inside of the other side wall (42) of the handle (22).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 9, characterised in that the driving bevel gear (54) and the ring gear (52) are of integral construction with the actuating member (46).
- Toothbrush according to one of Claims 7 to 10, characterised in that the actuating member (46) is a lever (48) whose swivel axis (56) is formed by the driving bevel gear (54) and the ring gear (52).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 11, characterised in that, in its position which locks the brush head (24), the lever (48) fills an opening (44) in an inside wall (38) of the handle (22), and the end facing away from the handle neck (28) has on its inside a lever arm (50) on whose forked end the driving bevel gear (54) and the ring gear (52) are arranged.
- Toothbrush according to Claim 12, characterised in that the lever (48) and its lever arm (50) form an acute angle which opens towards the handle neck (28).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 1, characterised in that the spindle (76) is provided with a guiding spindle (100) which is mounted with screw motion in a threaded bearing (102) inside the neck (28) of the handle (22).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 14, characterised in that the thread (100) is arranged on a central longitudinal region of the guiding spindle (76).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 14 or 15, characterised in that the ends of the spindle (76) are mounted in each case in a sliding bearing (78, 88) inside the handle (22) and the handle neck (28).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterised in that the part of the device consists of a thread (106) at the end of the spindle (76) mounted in the coupling end (30) of the handle (22) for connection to the brush head (24).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 17, characterised in that the thread (106) at the end mounted in the coupling end (30) of the handle (22) is a coarse-pitch thread.
- Toothbrush according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterised in that the coupling end (30) on the neck (28) of the handle (22) is a socket (98) whose cross-section is of smaller dimension than that of the handle neck (28).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 19, characterised in that the socket (98) is provided with one part of a centring device for the brush head (24) on the handle.
- Toothbrush according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterised in that the coupling end (32) of the brush head (24) has an insertion opening (114) whose cross-section and depth are adapted to the cross-section and the length of the socket (98).
- Toothbrush according to Claim 1 or one of the following claims, characterised in that the part of the device at the coupling end (32) of the brush head (24) for connection thereof to the handle (22) consists of a threaded bore (118) which is provided in the bottom of the insertion opening (114) and whose internal thread is adapted to the thread (106) of the socket (98).
- Toothbrush according to one of Claims 19 to 22, characterised in that the socket (98) has an annular lock-in bead (110) at its front end, and the insertion opening (114) is provided at its opening edge with an annular lock-in bead projecting radially inwards in such a way that the socket (98) can be inserted in the insertion opening (114) and removed therefrom only with perceptible locking resistance.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4241468A DE4241468C2 (en) | 1992-12-09 | 1992-12-09 | toothbrush |
DE4241468 | 1992-12-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0601574A1 true EP0601574A1 (en) | 1994-06-15 |
EP0601574B1 EP0601574B1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
Family
ID=6474785
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93119816A Expired - Lifetime EP0601574B1 (en) | 1992-12-09 | 1993-12-08 | Toothbrush |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0601574B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3553113B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100232785B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE153511T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU673697B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2110862C (en) |
DE (2) | DE4241468C2 (en) |
GR (1) | GR1002641B (en) |
HK (1) | HK1000657A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20170208930A1 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-07-27 | Subayu Industrial Co., Ltd. | Toothbrush with front-push replaceable brush head |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100950308B1 (en) * | 2008-04-10 | 2010-04-01 | 한국과학기술원 | 8 scale gayageum that have extended transliteration that use addition holder for string |
CN104983178A (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2015-10-21 | 李爱香 | Portable toothbrush |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH121924A (en) * | 1926-11-02 | 1927-12-01 | Emile Dr Schaer | Toothbrush. |
US1942931A (en) * | 1932-11-05 | 1934-01-09 | Earl J Mcwhirter | Toothbrush |
GB2044089A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-10-15 | Kent & Sons Ltd G B | Disposable head toothbrush |
EP0326363A1 (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-08-02 | Daniel P. Lagieski | Oral hygiene system |
US4989287A (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1991-02-05 | Gimelli & Co. Ag | Electric toothbrushes |
EP0541096A1 (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1993-05-12 | JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER PRODUCTS, INC. | Toothbrush |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE258247C (en) * | ||||
DE482122C (en) * | 1929-09-09 | Georges Nuyts | Dismountable toothbrush with exchangeable brush body | |
DE455271C (en) * | 1926-11-23 | 1928-01-30 | Clean Be Tween Tooth Brush Co | Toothbrush with exchangeable brush back |
DE559516C (en) * | 1929-09-04 | 1932-09-21 | Henri Guido Lemoine | Toothbrush |
US2583886A (en) * | 1947-10-17 | 1952-01-29 | Alvin J Schlegel | Power-driven toothbrush with demountably supported rotary brushes |
-
1992
- 1992-12-09 DE DE4241468A patent/DE4241468C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1993
- 1993-12-01 AU AU52099/93A patent/AU673697B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-12-07 CA CA002110862A patent/CA2110862C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-08 KR KR1019930026828A patent/KR100232785B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-08 AT AT93119816T patent/ATE153511T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-08 JP JP34022793A patent/JP3553113B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-08 DE DE69311077T patent/DE69311077T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-08 GR GR930100491A patent/GR1002641B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-08 EP EP93119816A patent/EP0601574B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-11-26 HK HK97102248A patent/HK1000657A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH121924A (en) * | 1926-11-02 | 1927-12-01 | Emile Dr Schaer | Toothbrush. |
US1942931A (en) * | 1932-11-05 | 1934-01-09 | Earl J Mcwhirter | Toothbrush |
GB2044089A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1980-10-15 | Kent & Sons Ltd G B | Disposable head toothbrush |
EP0326363A1 (en) * | 1988-01-25 | 1989-08-02 | Daniel P. Lagieski | Oral hygiene system |
US4989287A (en) * | 1988-09-09 | 1991-02-05 | Gimelli & Co. Ag | Electric toothbrushes |
EP0541096A1 (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1993-05-12 | JOHNSON & JOHNSON CONSUMER PRODUCTS, INC. | Toothbrush |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20170208930A1 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-07-27 | Subayu Industrial Co., Ltd. | Toothbrush with front-push replaceable brush head |
US9770090B2 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-09-26 | Subayu Industrial Co., Ltd. | Toothbrush with front-push replaceable brush head |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE4241468A1 (en) | 1994-06-16 |
AU673697B2 (en) | 1996-11-21 |
CA2110862A1 (en) | 1994-06-10 |
DE69311077T2 (en) | 1997-09-25 |
GR930100491A (en) | 1994-08-31 |
JP3553113B2 (en) | 2004-08-11 |
HK1000657A1 (en) | 1998-04-17 |
DE69311077D1 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
KR100232785B1 (en) | 1999-12-01 |
DE4241468C2 (en) | 1997-09-25 |
ATE153511T1 (en) | 1997-06-15 |
EP0601574B1 (en) | 1997-05-28 |
KR940013418A (en) | 1994-07-15 |
CA2110862C (en) | 2005-10-25 |
AU5209993A (en) | 1994-06-23 |
JPH0723816A (en) | 1995-01-27 |
GR1002641B (en) | 1997-03-12 |
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