EP0601169B1 - Portable firearm with interchangeable functional element - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP93/01623 Sec. 371 Date Jul. 6, 1994 Sec. 102(e) Date Jul. 6, 1994 PCT Filed Jun. 24, 1993 PCT Pub. No. WO94/00728 PCT Pub. Date Jan. 6, 1994A firearm, for example a semiautomatic weapon, in particular an automatic pistol, has control elements for controlling several operation or adjustment functions of the weapon. By means of an easily exchangeable functional element, for example a cam disk, it is possible to determine which operation or adjustment function, among all functions made possible by the weapon control elements, the user can set at his weapon. The functional element and/or a component for holding the functional element is designed and arranged in such a way that it can not only be easily fitted in and removed from the firearm not disassembled or only disassembled into its main parts, but also replaced by another type of functional element.

Description

The invention relates according to claim 1, a weapon system with a handgun, the trigger device has a functional element with which at least one operating mode of the handgun can be selected.

DE-OS 14 53 913 shows as such a handgun a rapid-fire rifle, the handle of which is penetrated by a rotatable shaft, which can be locked in different rotational positions and has an external actuating lever.

Several cams are formed as functional elements lying side by side on the shaft; one cam controls the operating modes "safe" or "fire", another the operating modes "single fire" or "continuous fire".

Ordonnance weapons of this type often have civilian sports versions, which are largely identical to the orderly version, but are only set up for single fires.

During production, a shaft would be installed in such a civil sports version, in which a functional element forming cam is designed so that it can no longer be used to select the "continuous fire" mode.

An exchange of the shaft and thus a changeover of the handgun is possible in principle, but requires extensive disassembly of the trigger device, which often even requires special tools.

Now it would make sense for some military missions in which the delivery of continuous fire is too treacherous, for example with scout troop companies, to make it impossible to select the "continuous fire" mode in order to prevent the fire from being accidentally switched to permanent fire . In the case of the known rapid-fire rifle described, the modification mentioned is far too complicated to be carried out by the front troops themselves.

There are also a number of special applications for self-loading pistols for non-military use, which make a selection from the set of possible operating modes appear appropriate.

Modern self-loading pistols with a trigger trigger remain cocked after a shot has been fired, so that only a slight trigger resistance has to be overcome for further firing. However, if the shooter is exposed to considerable physical shocks while using a firearm, such as with the mounted police, it would be preferable for safety reasons that the full trigger resistance of the trigger has to be overcome for each shot.

Furthermore, in the case of self-loading weapons that can be tensioned after a shot has been fired and can thus be carried untensioned, the generally customary safeguard is generally not required and is even rejected by some users as annoying.

In many sporting disciplines, the trigger tension is not used; a clamping trigger is then superfluous and even annoying.

Based on this problem, the object of the invention is to enable the handgun to be easily adapted to its respective use in a weapon system of the type mentioned at the outset.

This object is achieved by a weapon system with the features of claim 1, the handgun being assigned, in addition to its functional element for selecting an operating mode or group of operating modes, at least a second functional element which is set up for selecting a different operating mode or a different group of operating modes and which can be exchanged for the first functional element in a simple manner, with a disassembly of the handgun into its main parts being necessary for the exchange.

Accordingly, the functional element essential for the operating mode to be changed forms a module or a modular fire selection device which can be removed from the weapon with the simplest of means, with the least effort and without special tools, and can be exchanged for another module corresponding to the changed function. The other control elements, which interact with the respective functional element in the handgun and thereby enable the respective operating mode or operating function, remain unchanged in the weapon.

In the case of a pistol, for example, the assembly that usually has the functional element, ie. H. the handle, not to be replaced as a whole in order to enable changed operating / operating functions. The or every second functional element can be manufactured without special effort and can be packed with every weapon.

According to the invention, therefore, only a simple replacement of the functional element is required in order to use a firearm, such as a pistol, control elements which have already been designed for different types of fire. Handling options - individually or in groups - can be activated quickly.

Anyone who receives a weapon designed and packaged in accordance with the invention in this way is thus in a position to adapt the weapon to the circumstances and / or adjust your habits. In the case of service weapons, the functional element corresponding to the respective use (s) can be used by a supervisor before the weapon is issued.

A self-loading pistol, in which you only have to remove the breech and then remove the defective lock with a handle and without any tools and replace it with a new intact lock, is already known (Tokarew Mod. 34). Here, however, only the repair of a separate component is made easier. A change in the weapon functions is not possible and is not intended as a result.

In many cases, it is advantageous to be able to pivot or rotate the functional element into predetermined angular positions by means of a rotatable shaft and a handle attached to it, for example an operating lever, and thereby to be able to activate different functions. The handbabe is preferably ergonomically located on the outside of the handgun and is designed like a known safety wing that sits in the usual way on the shaft and extends radially away from it. The design variant therefore intervenes. a. back to known and proven elements (claim 2).

According to another embodiment of the invention, the handle is arranged directly on the functional element. This eliminates any play that may occur between the functional part and the shaft and that could be felt as uncomfortable when the handle is operated. The functional element can be designed, for example, as a sector-like cam and the handle, for example, as a pin protruding from the functional part, which penetrates an arcuate elongated hole in a wall of the part of the handgun in which the shaft is mounted. This part is preferably the handle. The handle can also be about L- shaped, the free end of the foot of the L is attached to the cam periphery. The foot of the L is also so long that the leg of the L is so far away from the cam disk that it overlaps the adjacent wall of the part of the handgun (eg the handle). Finally, the free end of the leg is opposite one end of the shaft on the outside of the part of the handgun.

The shaft preferably sits in the rear part of a pistol grip or, in the case of pistols with a tap, forms the shaft of the tap or sits just in front of and parallel to it; for example, where the safety shaft sits in many known self-loading pistols.

In a handgun with a known, preferably laterally attached to the handle pivot lever, which usually rotates or swivels a shaft mounted in the housing of the corresponding part of the handgun and a cam or control disk which can be swiveled together with this shaft, the following is preferably provided: the shaft points a section with a non-circular cross-section; the functional element is designed as a cam part and can be pushed radially onto the non-circular shaft section. It replaces the well-known cam or control disc. The shaft remains in its bearing, regardless of whether a cam part is placed on it or not. The receiving bores for the shaft always remain closed by this (claim 3).

In a further development of the above embodiment, the interchangeable functional elements designed as cam parts have a control surface in their periphery with detents, in particular circumferential notches, which extend in the circumferential direction of the respective control surface and are mutually different due to their angular position with respect to the shaft and / or their length differentiate (Claim 4). These catches determine the possible angular positions of the cam parts.

In principle, the cam part could also be rotatably mounted on the shaft, that is to say the sections of the cam part and the shaft that are in mutual bearing contact are round. Any latching positions provided must then be assigned to the cam part.

The detents or circumferential notches could in principle also be arranged in the force path between the striking spring and the trigger of the weapon. You can e.g. B. raise the rod that connects the trigger with a tap or hammer, for example against the action of a spring so far that the clamping latch is ineffective; or inhibit the forward movement of the trigger so far that it no longer acts as a release lever, but without impairing the action of the interrupter. Such a notch can also lift the rod out of engagement so that the cam member acts as a backup, or inhibit the movement of the rod in the withdrawal direction for the same purpose. A relatively long notch in the circumferential direction, which can extend over approximately 30 °, can serve to unclamp the striking spring.

The above-described configuration of the interchangeable functional elements as circular sector-like cam disks that can be plugged onto a shaft, the periphery of which has circumferential notches or detents for control purposes, permits simple and inexpensive production and enables a large variety of control options.

In order to make do with comparatively small radial height differences in the control surface and thereby facilitate the accommodation of the cam part in the weapon, the following is proposed according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention: the detents or circumferential notches in the periphery of the cam part become relative formed flat and at the same time the cam part is mounted on the shaft so that it can move in the radial direction. The individual catches of the control surface can thereby be brought into the desired engagement easily one after the other and at the same time are held securely in their locking engagement by means of the suspension. The spring is particularly preferably designed as a compression spring, in particular as a pure detent spring (claim 5). - In a modification of the above embodiment, at least one or more detents are / are not arranged in the periphery of the cam part but rather within the same, ie between the periphery and the shaft. If all detents are arranged within the cam part, then the entire control surface is located within the cam part; for example in the form of an elongated hole in which the catches are formed in one longitudinal edge.

According to a further embodiment, the spring is arranged such that it additionally has an active component in the pivoting direction of the preferably circular sector-shaped cam part. The cam part has at its one peripheral end a nose-like projection on which the spring engages (claim 6).

According to further refinements of the invention, the catches or circumferential notches in the respective cam part can be designed and arranged such that the firearm can optionally be brought into the following functional states: "Secured", "Unlocked", "Unlocked and cock released from a cocked state", " Relax "(claims 7 to 9).

A pin or pin, which is fixed in the firearm and is arranged parallel to and at a distance from the shaft, preferably engages in the catches - a particularly simple embodiment for a latching engagement (claim 10).

If no cam part is inserted, the handgun according to the invention should also have no handle. Accordingly, the handle is so connected to the control part of the handgun that it can be easily removed or removed.

As described above, the handgun of the weapon system according to the invention is suitable, even after it has been delivered, can be converted with simple means and reversibly as desired. The principle according to the invention is also particularly advantageously applicable to the manufacture of small arms. The differently functioning handguns differ from one another only by one functional part; in the case of the self-loading pistol described last, through the cam part.

It is therefore possible to produce "neutral" weapons, so to speak, which are only completed immediately before delivery by inserting the functional element for the models ordered. The cost of warehousing can thus be significantly reduced. In addition, experienced and fully trained fitters are not required to complete the handgun.

Fig. 1

eine Seitenansicht einer Selbstladepistole, die die erfindungsgemäße Schußwaffe bildet;

Fig. 1a

einen Teilschnitt längs einer Vertikal-Längsebene durch den hinteren Teil der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Pistole;

Fig. 2

eine Seitenansicht der Pistole der Fig. 1, jedoch mit eingebautem Nockenteil und Bedienungshebel;

Fig. 3a bis 3c

die Schnitte A-A, B-B und C-C in Fig. 3

Fig. 4

eine Seitenansicht der Pistole der Fig.2, jedoch mit einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel des Nockenteils und mit geändertem Hahn;

Fig. 4a

einen Teilschnitt durch die Pistole der Fig. 4 - ähnlich Fig. 2a -, der das zweite Ausführungsbeispiel des Nockenteils zeigt;

Fig. 5

eine Seitenansicht der Pistole der Fig. 4, jedoch mit einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel des Nockenteils in einer ersten Betriebsstellung;

Fig. 5a

einen Teilschnitt durch die Pistole der Fig. 4 - ähnlich Fig. 4a -, der das dritte Ausführungsbeispiel des Nockenteils in der ersten Betriebsstellung zeigt;

Fig.6

eine Seitenansicht der Pistole der Fig. 5, mit dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel des Nockenteils in einer zweiten Betriebsstellung;

Fig. 6a

einen Teilschnitt durch die Pistole der Fig. 5 - ähnlich Fig. 5a -, der das Nockenteil in der zweiten Betriebsstellung zeigt;

Fig. 7

eine Seitenansicht der Pistole der Fig. 5 mit dem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel des Nockenteils in einer dritten Betriebsstellung;

Fig. 7a

einen Teilschnitt durch die Pistole der Fig. 5 - - ähnlich Fig. 5a -, der das Nockenteil in der dritten Betriebsstellung zeigt;

Fig. 8

einen Längsschnitt durch die Fig. 1, etwa im Maßstab 1:1;

Fig. 9

eine Draufsicht auf die Pistole der Fig. 8, bei abgenommenem Verschluß;

Fig. 10 a bis 10c

jeweils einen Teilschnitt durch ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Pistole, wobei der Nockenteilmechanismus in unterschiedlichen Betriebsstellungen gezeigt ist - ähnlich den Fig. 5a, 6a und 7a;

Fig. 11a

einen abgebrochenen Längsschnitt durch das Griffstück eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels einer Selbstladepistole, wobei von den einzubauenden Einzelteilen nur die Steuerscheibe und die ihr unmittelbar zugeordneten Elemente dargestellt sind, und zwar in Sicherungsstellung;

Fig. 11b

das Ausführungsbeispiel und die Position der Pistole der Fig. 11a, jedoch mit eingebautem Abzugsmechanismus und bei weggelassener Steuerscheibe;

Fig. 11c bis 11f

gesonderte Einzelteile des Abzugsmechanismus des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 11a und 11b in deren Position;

Fig. 12a

einen abgebrochenen Längsschnitt durch das Griffstück des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 11a bis 11f in gleicher Darstellung, und zwar in Feuerstellung;

Fig. 12b

das Ausführungsbeispiel und die Position der Pistole der Fig. 12a, jedoch mit eingebautem Abzugsmechanismus und bei weggelassener Steuerscheibe;

Fig. 12c bis 12f

gesonderte Einzelteile des Abzugsmechanismus des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 11a und 11b in deren Position;

Fig. 13a

einen abgebrochenen Längsschnitt durch das Griffstück des Ausführungsbeispiels der Fig. 11a bis 12f in gleicher Darstellung, und zwar in Abspannstellung, nebst vergrößerter Darstellung der Rastscheibe; und

Fig. 13b

das Ausführungsbeispiel und die Position der Pistole der Fig. 13a, jedoch mit eingebautem Abzugsmechanismus und bei weggelassener Steuerscheibe.

The object of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawing. In this shows:

Fig. 1

a side view of a self-loading pistol which forms the firearm according to the invention;

Fig. 1a

a partial section along a vertical longitudinal plane through the rear part of the gun shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 2

a side view of the gun of Figure 1, but with built-in cam part and operating lever.

3a to 3c

the sections AA, BB and CC in Fig. 3rd

Fig. 4

a side view of the gun of Figure 2, but with a second embodiment of the cam part and with a modified tap;

Fig. 4a

a partial section through the gun of Figure 4 - similar to Figure 2a - showing the second embodiment of the cam part.

Fig. 5

a side view of the gun of Figure 4, but with a third embodiment of the cam member in a first operating position.

Fig. 5a

a partial section through the gun of Figure 4 - similar to Figure 4a - showing the third embodiment of the cam member in the first operating position;

Fig. 6

a side view of the gun of Figure 5, with the third embodiment of the cam member in a second operating position.

Fig. 6a

a partial section through the gun of Figure 5 - similar to Figure 5a - showing the cam member in the second operating position;

Fig. 7

a side view of the gun of Figure 5 with the third embodiment of the cam member in a third operating position.

Fig. 7a

a partial section through the gun of Figure 5 - - similar to Figure 5a - showing the cam member in the third operating position;

Fig. 8

a longitudinal section through Figure 1, approximately on a scale of 1: 1.

Fig. 9

a plan view of the gun of Figure 8, with the breech removed.

10 a to 10c

each a partial section through a further embodiment of a pistol according to the invention, the cam sub-mechanism being shown in different operating positions - similar to FIGS. 5a, 6a and 7a;

Fig. 11a

a broken longitudinal section through the handle of another embodiment of a self-loading pistol, of the individual parts to be installed only the control disc and the elements directly associated with it are shown, in the securing position;

Fig. 11b

the embodiment and the position of the gun of Figure 11a, but with built-in trigger mechanism and with the control disc omitted.

11c to 11f

separate parts of the trigger mechanism of the embodiment of Figures 11a and 11b in their position.

Fig. 12a

a broken longitudinal section through the handle of the embodiment of Figures 11a to 11f in the same view, in the firing position.

Fig. 12b

the embodiment and the position of the gun of Fig. 12a, but with a built-in trigger mechanism and with the control disc omitted;

12c to 12f

separate parts of the trigger mechanism of the embodiment of Figures 11a and 11b in their position.

13a

a broken longitudinal section through the handle of the embodiment of Figures 11a to 12f in the same view, and in the guy position, together with an enlarged view of the locking disc. and

Fig. 13b

the embodiment and the position of the gun of Fig. 13a, but with built-in trigger mechanism and with the control disc omitted.

In all figures, the same reference numerals designate functionally identical components. The components are scaled down, but are largely represented exactly; unless otherwise described, the components have the shape shown, which applies in particular to the cam part and its control elements. In this respect, express reference is made to FIGS. 2a, 4a, 5a, 6a and 7a, which all have essentially the same scale and are each enlarged by the same amount compared to FIGS. 2, 4, 5 6 and 7. All embodiments have the same orientation in all figures.

1 to 10 each show the same basic model of a self-loading pistol, in the handle 1 of which a trigger 2 and a rotatable shaft 5 are mounted. The axis of the shaft 5 is perpendicular to the image plane, is mounted in the two side walls of the handle 1 and at the same time forms the axis of the tap 3, 3 '.

On the handle 1 sits in a conventional manner, a slide or closure 4, which takes up a run.

The tap 3, 3 'is formed in the embodiments of Figures 1 and 2 as an impact piece 3, which has no handle. 4 to 8, on the other hand, it is designed as a cock 3 ', which in the usual way has a handle extension which extends backwards and upwards in the relaxed state.

For a better understanding of the mode of operation, the embodiment of FIGS. 2 and 2a will be discussed first.

The shaft 5 has a section with a non-circular cross-section between its bearing points, namely with two mutually opposite, mutually parallel flats 5a, 5a '. A cam part 9 with a slot 9a is plugged onto this section. The cross sections of the flattened shaft section 5a, 5a 'and the cam part slot 9a are complementary to one another. The cam part is also called control disk 9 below.

The control disk 9 has approximately the shape of a circular sector in the side view shown. The slot 9a is made in the sector tip and extends approximately in the direction of the sector bisector 9b. In the arc edge or periphery of the sector, a backdrop with notches or notches 9c is formed and set up for engaging in a fixed bolt 8. The bolt 8 has a corresponding distance from the shaft 5, is axially parallel to it and has a smaller diameter than it. The arc edge of the sector is extended at its left end 9d in the drawing. Near this end 9d, the left sector edge 9e has a recess 9f. The left sector end 9d and the deepest section of the recess 9f merge into one another via an outwardly curved surface. In cross section, this surface has the shape of a hooked nose and serves to rest against a slide 6, which is biased by a spring 7 and presses against the contact surface. The spring 7 and the path of movement of the slide 6 are aligned perpendicular to the firing direction of the gun and parallel to the image plane, in such a way that they apply a torque to the control disk 9 that - depending on the angular position - is more or less large. This torque is relatively small when the control disk 9 is in a small angular position (see, for example, FIG. 2a) and increases with an increasing angular position (see, for example, FIG. 7a). At the same time, the spring 7 also applies a radial component to the cam disk 9. The radial component serves to hold the cam disk firmly in its respective locking engagement with the bolt 8. With regard to the exact arrangement of the spring 7, the slide 6 and the control disk 9, express reference is made to FIGS. 2a, 4a, 5a, 6a, 7a, 8, 9, 10a, 10b and 10c.

In the exemplary embodiments of FIGS. 2 to 10c, the hand or operating lever 10 is seated on the shaft 5 in a rotationally fixed manner. It is shaped like a conventional safety wing, lies on the outside of the handle 1 and is removed from the lower edge of the closure 4 after the gun has been assembled covered. 1 and 1a, the operating lever 10 is omitted.

Fig. 3 shows a component formed from the operating lever 10 and the shaft 5 in plan view. In this component, the shaft 5 is firmly connected to the operating lever 10, preferably in one piece.

The shaft 5 has the non-circular cross-section AA near the operating lever 10 with the two flats 5a, 5a '. The desired cam part 9 is placed on this cross-section AA. At a greater distance from the operating lever 10, two additional millings 5b and 5c are made in the continuous shaft 5 (section BB in FIG. 3b and section CC in FIG. 3c). The millings 5b and 5c are control elements which control the firing operation of the weapon with further control elements provided on the weapon side. In each of these millings 5b, 5c, namely, engage the other weapon-side control elements, which then assume or pass through different positions according to the angular position of the shaft 5 and accordingly control a downstream mechanism in such a way that it assumes different operating positions and carries out corresponding weapon functions.

The cock 3, 3 'is pivotally mounted on the cylindrical outer surface of the shaft 5, namely between the two milled portions 5b and 5c.

If the operating lever 10 is now moved, it rotates the shaft 5 as far as the shape of the backdrop of the cam disk 9 permits. The backdrop therefore sets the path-related limitation, i.e. H. the maximum swivel angle. Each detent 9c in the backdrop releasably locks the cam 9 and thus the shaft 5 in a predetermined angular position. The number of detents 9c thus defines the number of the given angular positions; the location of the detents the swivel or rotation angle corresponding to the respective angular position. Each angular position of the cam disk 9 corresponds to a specific operating state of the weapon. Each individual cam disc 9 thus defines an individual group (number and type) of possible operating states of the gun.

By changing the cam part, the pistol can thus be quickly converted from a group of different fire selection or handling options to another such group. All gun-side control elements for the different fire selection and handling options are already available in the pistol. This applies in particular to the shaft 5 together with its milled portions 5b and 5c and its operating lever 10. When changing from a group of fire selection or handling options on another, these parts can remain in the weapon unchanged. Only the cam part 9 must be exchanged for a different type, ie one with a different backdrop, in particular a different arrangement of detents 9c.

The embodiment of FIG. 1a has all the elements described in connection with FIG. 2a, with the exception of the control disk 9 and the operating lever 10. The parts 6 and 7 could also be omitted here. The shaft 5 of FIG. 1 a is already provided with the flattened portions 5 a, 5 a ′, even if these are not yet needed here. If the shaft 5 were not the tap shaft at the same time, it could also be omitted here, and the receiving bores could be closed by covers. Alternatively, it could be replaced with a cylinder pin.

The embodiment of FIGS. 1 and la is only set up for shooting with a trigger. The cock 3 is relaxed again after each loading process and does not remain cocked. It is designed as a striking piece without a grip projection, since it is not gripped when the weapon is used anyway. A backup is not absolutely necessary; their function is therefore not intended.

If securing is nevertheless desired, the control disk 9 shown in FIG. 2a is plugged onto the flats 5a, 5a 'of the shaft 5. The backdrop of this control disc has two detents 9c. The shaft 5 carries the operating lever 10 in this exemplary embodiment. Otherwise, the pistol of FIGS. 2 and 2a corresponds to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 1a. The exact design and position, in particular the angular position of the detents 9c, can be seen in the drawing and is matched to the millings 5b and 5c in the shaft 5.

Fig. 4 shows the gun in an embodiment with operating lever 10 and a cock 3 'with a handle for cocking. 4a shows the control plate or disk 9 again. This control disk has a notch arrangement which is modified compared to FIG. 2a and is shown exactly in FIG. 4a. Depending on its angular position, it enables the following functions: "Unlocked", "Unlocked and cock released from a cocked state" ("Single Action") and "Unclamping". When bracing, the cocked cock 3 'is triggered by the trigger 2 or automatically. It then either slides slowly forward, is held by means of the operating lever 10 and slowly let forward, or it strikes against a fixed stop or against the blocked firing pin.

The weapon of FIGS. 4 and 4a cannot be secured.

5 to 7 illustrate a fourth embodiment in different operating states. This example corresponds externally to the embodiment in FIG. 4, but has a different control disk 9. Three notches 9c are formed in the control surface of this control disk.

5 and 5a shows a position of the operating lever 10 and the control disk 9, in which the pistol is secured - as well as the pistol of FIG. 2, in which the operating lever 10 and thus the shaft with its milled recesses 5b and 5c have the same angular position having.

6 and 6a show a position of the operating lever 10 and the control disk 9, in which the gun is unlocked. It can be fired in the position of the cock 3 'which is also shown as follows: either by pulling the trigger 2 as a clamping trigger (double action) or by pulling the cock 3' back into the catch and triggering it by means of the trigger 2 (single action) .

The positions of the operating lever 10 shown in FIGS. 6 and 4 and thus the angular positions of the shaft 5 correspond to one another.

7 and 7a show a position of the operating lever 10 and the control disk 9, in which the weapon can be relaxed.

If the weapon of FIG. 4 is to be relaxed, the operating lever 10 must be brought into the position shown in FIG. 7.

FIG. 8 shows a detailed section through the pistol of FIG. 5.

In the handle 1, the bolt 8 is seated as a transverse pin, which is held in place on both sides by the attached closure 4. If the closure 4 is removed, the bolt 8 can be pushed to the right out of the handle 1 so that the cam part 9 is released and is pressed radially upwards by the spring 7 and the slide 6 so that it can be removed.

After placing the new cam part 9 on the shaft 5, it is pressed down with the finger and held down with the index finger until the cross pin 8 is pushed in again.

The bolt 8 can be provided with a recess or a head at one end so that it can be pulled out without tools.

A spike-like projection can also be provided on any other component, which can serve as a tool for displacing the bolt 8. It is also possible to move the pin 8 by means of the tip of the easily removable firing pin.

The top view of the handle 1 of FIG. 9 shows the exact position of the cam part 9 and illustrates that the bolt 8 shown in FIG. 8 need only be pushed out a little from the handle 1 in order to enable the replacement of the cam part 9.

In Fig. 10a to 10c, a modified slide 6 'compared to the slide 6 of the previous figures is shown, which - in particular by a more favorable adaptation of its contact surface to the corresponding contact surface of the cam part 9' - a separation between the rotary movement and the locking movement of the Cams part 9 'brings about. In this way, it ensures an even more reliable function of the correspondingly modified cam part 9 '.

In addition, the slide 6 'can be prevented more easily from jumping off when the cam part 9' is replaced.

The interaction of the slide 6 'and the cam part 9' can be seen from FIGS. 10a to 10c; the training that can be gathered from these figures is essential.

In principle, an exact separation between the rotary movement and the latching movement of the cam part 9 or 9 'can also be achieved in that a compression spring is arranged between the shaft 5 and the bottom of the slot 9a.

To summarize the exemplary embodiments, the firearm, for example a self-loading weapon, in particular a self-loading pistol, has a number of control elements on the weapon side, including control elements 5b, 5c, for controlling a plurality of operating or operating functions. By means of an easily exchangeable functional element 9, 9 ', for example the cam disk, it can be determined which of the operating functions, which are possible overall from the control elements, a shooter can set on his weapon. The functional element 9, 9 ' and / or a component 5 holding this is designed and arranged in such a way that when the firearm is not dismantled or only in the main parts 1, 4 it can be effortlessly inserted into / removed from the firearm, in particular exchangeable for another. The functional element 9, 9 'can, for example, be rotatably attached to a rotatable shaft 5, for example the tap shaft, and can be removed therefrom. It has in its periphery a backdrop with detents 9c, which correspond to certain angles of rotation of the shaft 5 and at these angles of rotation releasably snap into a fixed weapon part, such as the cross pin 8. The shooter can the shaft 5 by means of a handle 10 attached thereto, for. B. a known safety wing, rotate. The functional element 9, 9 'releasably locks the shaft 5 in the angular positions defined by the catches 9c. The shaft-side control elements 5b and 5c activate further weapon-side control elements for controlling certain operating states and sequences only in the predetermined angular positions. By means of a specific functional element 9, 9 ', only certain angular positions of the shaft-side control elements 5b and 5c can be defined, which in turn only control certain further weapon-side control elements or only permit certain control movements of these elements. These specific angular positions can be changed by exchanging them for other functional elements 9, 9 '.

11a to 13c show a further exemplary embodiment of a self-loading pistol in various illustrations, which is equipped with an exchangeable control disk, cam disk or detent disk 9 ".

11a, 12a and 13a is only the broken and longitudinally cut handle together with the control disc 9 ", the supporting shaft shaft 5", the control disc loading spring 7 ", the transmission member between this and the control disc 9" forming slide 6 "and the bolt 8" against which the Control disc 9 "is pressed into place by the spring 7".

11a shows, like also FIGS. 11b to 11f, the secured position or securing position of the elements, FIGS. 12a to 12f respectively the firing position or firing position and FIGS. 13a to 13f respectively the position during unclamping or Guy position.

The control disk 9 "has a slot which is open at the bottom and which is pushed onto a section of the valve shaft 5" which is flattened on both sides or has a flat-bottomed cut on both sides and which is otherwise equipped with a fixed operating lever, as is approximately the case in Fig. 3 is shown.

The slide 6 "is designed as a flat, contoured sheet, guided non-rotatably in a slot in the handle and has a straight inclined surface 6a" facing the control disk 9 ", which in the firing position (FIG. 12a) is flat against a complementary bevel on the control part 9 "; this gives the arrangement in the firing position a stable rest position from which it can only be brought out by vigorous actuation of the above-mentioned operating lever; Accidental securing or bracing as a result of shocks to the weapon is not possible.

The top edge of the control disc is similar to the embodiment of FIGS. 10a to 10c equipped with a control and locking curve 9c ", with locking recesses that fall into the bolt 8".

The outermost locking recess on the left holds the control disc in the safety position, the following is the locking recess for the firing position and the right one Section of the curve serves as a control curve for the guying process.

The two left locking recesses are not made in the free upper edge of the control disk, but in the bottom of an arcuate elongated hole, so that the two locking recesses are covered by an arcuate web 9e ".

The parallel bevels of the cock shaft 5 "essentially face the locking recess for the firing position; the edge of the arcuate web 9e" adjacent to this locking recess faces the cock shaft 5 ".

Should the pistol ready to fire hit so hard on a surface, for example when placing the pistol on a hard support during shooting, that due to the inertia of the slide 6 "the spring 7" is briefly compressed and thus the control disc 9 "out of engagement with it is bounced the bolt 8 ″, then the control disk 9 ″ impinges against the arcuate web and jumps back into the firing position. An "automatic" securing when shooting or when firing the weapon is excluded.

The in the fire position (Fig. 12a) against the rectilinear inclined surface 6a "adjacent complementary bevel on the control part 9" is extended so far beyond the tap shaft 5 "that there is a tip, which in the securing position (Fig. 11a) against the Inclined surface 6a "is supported so that the slide 6" on the control part 9 "exerts a force which brings it back into its firing position.

This force is counteracted by the engagement between the first (left) locking recess 9c "and the bolt 8", so that the locking position of the control disk is held; however, a much lower effort is required to unlock the lock using the above-mentioned operating lever than to lock it; This enables quick and easy unlocking and, if necessary, inadvertent locking is made more difficult, for example by getting caught on a branch with the operating lever.

Since the locking recess for the securing position is arranged at the bottom of the elongated hole, which is delimited by the web 9e ", it is impossible for the control part 9" to be accidentally pivoted beyond the locking recess of the securing position.

At the open end, the elongated hole opposite the catch for the firing position has a stop surface 9g "which extends approximately transversely to the axis of the elongated hole (FIG. 13aj.

In the firing position (FIG. 12a), the impact surface 9g "extends from the bolt 8" upwards and backwards.

If the gun is braced (position of FIG. 13a), with the bolt 8 "resting against the rear end of the locking recess 9c", and then the operating lever (locking lever 10, FIG. 2) seated on the shaft 5 "is released , then the control part 9 "snaps back, with the risk that the rest for the firing position (Fig. 12a) is skipped.

However, this detent is set back a little from the part of the detent recess 9c "which guides the movement of the control part 9" when unclamping.

When the control part 9 ″ snaps back, it thus strikes near the locking position of the firing position (FIG. 12a) with the stop surface 9g “against the bolt 8” in this case, however, its kinetic energy is removed and then slides reliably into the locked position of the firing position, with this engagement being guided by the stop surface 9g ", which runs on the outer surface of the bolt 8".

This reliably prevents the gun from being accidentally locked.

The control part 9 "also has on its contour a nose 9f" which, in the safety and firing position, has a relatively large distance from the cock shaft 5 "which extends approximately transversely to the direction of movement of the slide 6"; this results in that Nose 9f "when pivoting the control part 9" counterclockwise (in the drawing) by means of the operating lever grips the slide on an upper edge extending transversely to its direction of movement and deflects it over a long distance, that is to say against a high spring work of the spring 7 ". Accordingly, the operating lever, after overcoming the rest, pivots over a large angular path and against a relatively high spring force, thereby ensuring that inadvertent operation is prevented.

If, after unclamping at the end of this angular path, that is to say when (in FIG. 13a) the right end of the control cam 9c "bears against the bolt 8", the operating lever is released, then the control part 9 "is driven by the force of the spring 7" , back, but does not skip the firing position of FIG. 12a, but is reliably stopped in this position, in particular by the interaction of the inclined surface 6a "with the bevel on the control part 9".

The bolt 8 "is slidably inserted in a transverse bore in the handle and is held in place by the lower flanks of the breech or slide (part 4 in FIG. 1) when the pistol is assembled.

After removal of the slide 4, the bolt 8 "can be displaced so far that the control part 9" is released and can be pulled upwards from the flattened section of the tap shaft 5 ".

The control part 9 "can then be exchanged for another (not shown), which only has the two locking recesses for the safety and firing position, but not the part of the control curve 9c" on the right in the drawing which controls the guying process.

The mechanism just described is completely independent of the actual trigger mechanism, which is described below with reference to FIGS. 11, 12, 13b to f:

In front of the magazine shaft 13 of the handle, a trigger 12 is rotatably mounted on a trunnion (FIG. 11b) and extended upwards beyond it; At the end of this extension a trigger rod 10 is articulated, which extends to the left above the magazine shaft 13 in the longitudinal direction of the handle to the rear. Behind the magazine shaft 13, the trigger rod is first angled horizontally downward and then transversely to the longitudinal or weft direction; the end 11 of the trigger rod is shown particularly cut in Figs. llc, d and 12c, d.

This end 11, moreover, as will be explained further below, is designed for engagement in a recess on the underside of the cock 3 ″ in order to tension it by pulling the trigger 12.

One or more springs (not shown) load the trigger and the trigger rod so that the trigger 12 is pushed forward, the trigger rod 10 is pushed back and the end thereof is pushed back and up (see arrows in FIG. 12c: spring action in Direction of the vertical arrow and against the direction of the horizontal arrow).

A series of components sit side by side in the handle behind the magazine shaft 13, namely in succession on the bolt 8 from the right to the left of the handle (in plan view, as shown in FIG. 9): an interrupter (not shown), a catch pawl 14 and a trigger 15. Behind them on the cock shaft 5 "in the same direction, the aforementioned interrupter, the cock 3" and the control part 9 ".

Each of the cock 3 ", catch pawl 14 and trigger 15 is divided into two parts lying next to one another in the transverse direction of the gun.

The interrupter (not shown) forms a vertically displaceable sheet which is guided in an elongated hole penetrated by the bolt 8 ", is seated on the trigger rod 10 from above and protrudes upward beyond the handle with a cam part; an embodiment on the slide 4 (see FIG Fig. 8) runs backwards against the cam part and presses it down together with the interrupter and thus also the trigger rod 10, so that its end 11 comes out of engagement with the catch pawl 14, as will be described in more detail below.

The right half of the catch pawl 14, seen in the weft direction, has the overall shape of a three-quarter circular ring, with an end edge 14a, opposite this an end edge 14d, a locking lug 14b projecting into the interior of the ring and one on the outside of the ring near the end edge 14d Trigger area 14e. In the left half part of the catch pawl seen in the weft direction (hatched in FIGS. 11c and 12c), the arm ending in the right part in the end edge 14a is greatly shortened and ends in a catch surface 14c. Reference is expressly made to the representation in particular in FIGS. 11c and 12c.

The right half part of the catch pawl 14 (the entire contour of the part 14 in FIGS. 11c and 12c) reaches past the cock 3 ″ on the right and has a hook-shaped, raised end which has an end edge 14a pointing downwards and forwards with its tip , which bears against the outer contour of the cock shaft 5 "in the safety position or when the trigger 12 is not actuated.

At the contact point, the tap shaft 5 "has a notch clearly shown in FIGS. 11c and 12c, the angular position of which is arranged in the securing position of FIG. 11c in such a way that it faces away from the end edge 14a. However, the notch is designed and arranged such that that it can receive the end edge 14a when the tap shaft 5 "is in the firing position (FIG. 12c - position before firing).

Comparing FIGS. 11c and 12c, it can clearly be seen that in the firing position of FIG. 12c the catch pawl 14 can carry out a pivoting movement about the bolt 8 ", its end edge 14a being immersed in the notch mentioned in the cock shaft 5", 11c, such a pivoting movement is impossible because the notch is pivoted away from the end edge 14a.

The end 11 of the trigger rod 10 bears against the end edge 14d; is pulled on the trigger, then this end 11 moves in the direction of the horizontal arrow in Fig. 12c and pivots the catch pawl 14, which is only possible in the firing position (Fig. 12c).

On the right-hand part of the tap 3 '' shown in FIGS. 11d and 12 there is a catch which is engaged by the locking stud 14b; this catch can be the Pass locking lugs 14b only when the catch pawl 14 is pivoted, that is, when the trigger 12 is pulled (Fig. 12d).

The catch surface 14c has the purpose of preventing, if the cock is pulled off with the slide removed and the trigger mechanism unlocked, the cock 3 "strikes too far forward and thereby jams. The catch surface 14c forms, as can be seen from FIG. 12d , an end stop for the tap 3 ".

The catch pawl 14 also has the release surface 14e already mentioned above, in front of which a transverse pin 16 lies; If the catch pawl is pivoted clockwise by means of the end 11 of the trigger rod 10 (in the drawing), then the release surface 14e pushes the cross pin 16 forward.

A spring (not shown) always moves the catch pawl 14 out of the swivel position shown in FIG. 12d into that of FIG. 12c, that is to say into the starting position. If a shot has been fired, then the trigger rod 10 is pressed with its end 11 downward by the above-mentioned interrupter, so that this end 11 engages under the lower edge of the catch pawl and allows it to turn back into its starting position, although the trigger remains pulled . If the trigger is then released, this end 11 moves backward behind the end edge 14d and then upwards in the direction of the vertical arrow in FIG. 12c until it has assumed the position shown in FIG. 12c.

The cross bolt 16 sits in the release 15, the right half part (Fig. 11e, 12e) has a locking edge which cooperates with a counter-locking in the left half part of the cock 3 and together with this forms the main catch of the trigger device (see Fig. 12e).

Otherwise, the trigger is pivotally attached to the bolt 8 "and is loaded by a spring (not shown) counterclockwise (in the drawing) in such a way that the latching edge is always pressed under the counter-latch. However, the transverse pin 16 is pressed forward (as a result of actuation of the trigger 12), then the trigger is swiveled clockwise, the locking edge is lifted out of the counter-locking and the tap knocks off.

The left half of the trigger 15 (Fig. 11f, 12f) has an extension which extends into a recess with a flat bottom in the tap shaft 5 "; this tap shaft 5" from the angular position shown in Fig. 12f against the Pivoted clockwise, then on the one hand the notch in the cock shaft 5 "relative to the position of Fig. 12c is moved so that the end edge 14a can no longer dip into it, ie the catch pawl 14 cannot pivot; on the other hand, the extension of the trigger 15 is pressed down, the trigger 15 is thus pivoted clockwise, the latching edge is lifted out of the counter-latch and the tap 3 "knocks off, but only until the catch nose of the tap hits the latching studs 14b of the catch pawl 14; The valve therefore comes to a standstill before its end position without triggering a shot.

The double-action mechanism is not shown here; it consists of a training on the trigger rod 10, with which the cock 3 "is undercut in a training and is tensioned during the forward movement of the trigger rod 10.

The left half of the tap has in addition to the counter-latch also a catch, which is not shown in the drawing for the sake of simplicity and which holds the cock 3 "in an angular position which corresponds to the engagement of locking lugs 14b and catch of the cock 3" .

Claims (10)

1. Weapon system with a portable fire-arm which has a trigger device with a first function element (9, 9') selecting at least one or more operating modes of the portable fire-arm, wherein the weapon system comprises at least a second function element (9, 9') constructed for one or more other operating modes of the portable fire-arm and is constructed in such a way that the first function element (9, 9') is interchangeable with the second function element (9, 9') when the portable fire-arm is dismantled into its main parts at most.
2. Weapon system according to claim 1, characterised in that the function element (9, 9') by means of a rotatable shaft (5) and the shaft (5) by means of an operating lever (10) can be pivoted/turned into specified angular positions and in different angular positions enables different operating/control functions of the portable fire-arm.
3. Weapon system according to claim 2, characterised in that the shaft (5) has a section with a non-circular cross section and the function element (9, 9') is constructed as a cam part and can be attached radially on to this non-circular section.
4. Weapon system according to claim 3, characterised in that the cam parts which are interchangeable with one another have in their periphery a control surface with different catches (9c) especially circumferential notches.
5. Weapon system according to claim 3 or 4, characterised in that in the attached state on the shaft (5) the cam part is radially movable, preferably against the action of a spring (7).
6. Weapon system according to claim 5, characterised in that the cam part is constructed like a sector of a circle, is extended at one end of its perimeter (9d, 9d') like a nose, the nose-like extension is supported on the spring (7) and the spring (7) applies force to the cam part in its circumferential and/or radial direction.
7. Weapon system according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the cam part has two catches (9c), especially circumferential notches, in such a way that it enables the following operating functions: "safety on" and "safety released" (Figs 2, 2a).
8. Weapon system according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the cam part has catches (9c), especially circumferential notches, in such a way that it enables the following operating functions: "safety released and release cock (3, 3') from cocked state", "safety released" and "uncock" (Figs 4, 4a).
9. Weapon system according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterised in that the cam part has catches (9c), especially circumferential notches, in such a way that it enables the following operating functions: "safety on", "safety released and release cock (3, 3') from cocked state", "safety released" and "uncock" (Figs 5 to 7 and 5a to 7a).
10. Weapon system according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterised by a bolt (8) attached in fixed manner in the portable fire-arm as well as parallel to and at a distance from the shaft (5) in such a way that in a certain turning position of the shaft (5) the bolt (8) engages in a catch (9c) of the cam part.

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