EP0601030B1 - Process and device for measuring cable drilled bores - Google Patents

Abstract

According to a process for measuring cable drilled bores, an autonomously operating measurement probe (1) is introduced into the boring rods (3) with the drilling fluid and is stopped at the drill bit (5) by a core barrel coupling (6), then a transmission probe (2), to which is secured a bore hole measurement cable (4) connected to a laptop PC (7) is also introduced into the boring rods (3) with the drilling fluid, a wireless connection between the measurement probe (1) and the transmission probe (2) is established, the measurement probe (1) is initialized by and synchronized with the laptop PC (7), measurement values from the measurement probe (1) are recorded and time dependent temporarily stored, the transmission probe (2) is drawn out of the boring rods (3), the measurement probe (1), once the measurement is completed, is retrieved by means of a core barrel extractor, and the measurement values are read out by means of the laptop PC (7). A device for carrying out the process is also disclosed.

Description

The invention relates to a measurement method for cable core bores, in which an autonomously functioning measuring probe is inserted into the drill pipe and locked via a core tube coupling, measured values are recorded by the measuring probe and stored as a function of time, and the measuring probe is recovered with the aid of a core tube catcher and the measured values are read out after the measurement has been completed . Such a measurement method is known from US-A-4,955,438. The disadvantage of this measuring method is that the insertion and replacement of the measuring probe encounters difficulties in the case of strongly deflected bores and that the measuring probe can only carry out its measurements within the drill pipe because it is arranged behind the drill bit and the core pipe in the drill pipe. The invention further relates to an apparatus for performing the method.

From GB-A-1,096,388 a drilling method is also known, in which an autonomously functioning measuring probe is inserted into the drill pipe and locked, a transmission probe with a borehole measuring cable attached to it is inserted into the borehole, a wireless connection between the measuring probe and the transmission probe is established , measurement values are recorded by the measuring probe and temporarily stored temporarily, the transmission probe from the The borehole is pulled out and the measuring probe is recovered after the measurement and the measured values are read out. With this measurement method, too, it is disadvantageous that the measuring probe is arranged behind the drill bit and can only measure from within the rod. In addition, it is disadvantageous that the measurements take place during the drilling process and incorrect measurements are possible due to the vibrations that occur.

From the publication "HORIZONTAL WELL LOGGING BY 'SYMPHOR', Eighth European Formation Evaluation Symposium", in London, 1983, a borehole measuring method and an associated device are known, with which in particular horizontal or deflected bores can be measured, the measuring probe at the end of the Drill pipe is attached and a measuring cable is provided between the drill pipe and a measuring car for days, which can be moved via a cable winch. The measuring probe consists of a drill collar mechanically and electrically connected to the cable lug, to which a coupling rod connects, to which the measuring tools are connected. The probe further comprises a coupling housing for connection to the drill pipe and a protective housing for the measuring tools, which has a measuring opening. In this measuring method and the associated measuring device, it is disadvantageous that the measuring probe is firmly connected to the drill string, so that the drill string must be removed before each measurement in order to remove the drill bit at the lower end of the drill string and to install the measuring probe there.

Furthermore, from "Efficiently log and perforate 60 ° ⁺ wells with coiled tubing", WORLD OIL, July 1987, pp. 32, 33, 35, a method and a device for measurement are known in which instead of the A special rollable hose is used in the drill pipe, which interacts with a special hose reel and at the end of which a measuring probe can be connected, for example a gamma probe, a locating probe for piping connections or an acoustic probe for checking the quality of the annular gap cementing between the piping and the rock. With this measurement method and the device for carrying it out, it is possible to quickly examine those holes in which the drilling rig has already been dismantled. On the other hand, it is disadvantageous that a special reel and a special hose linkage are required to carry out the required measurements.

On the basis of the method mentioned at the outset, the invention is based on the object of proposing a measurement method suitable for cable core bores, in which the disadvantages of the measurement methods according to the prior art are avoided and that for measurements in strongly deflected bores and in the free borehole cross section below the drill pipe is suitable without having to remove the drill pipe. The invention is also based on the object of proposing a device for carrying out the method according to the invention.

With regard to the measurement method, this object is achieved by the combination of features of patent claim 1. Developments of the measurement method are set out in claims 2 to 5. A modified measurement method according to claim 1 has the features of claim 6.

With regard to the device for carrying out the measurement method according to claim 1, the object is achieved by the combination of features of patent claim 7.

This is based on a device which is known from GB-A-1,096,388, in which a measuring probe can be connected wirelessly to a transmission probe via induction coils and a soft magnetic core, the measuring probe is provided with an inner tube head and can be locked on a drill bit, and in Measuring probe, a measuring element, a power supply and a data recording device are included, and the transmission probe is formed from a measuring cable head with a coil attachment.

Further configurations show the features of the device claims 8 to 10.

A modified device for carrying out the modified measurement method according to claim 6 is evident from the features of claim 11.

The measurement method according to the invention for cable core bores and the associated device are ideally suited for the geophysical measurement of strongly deflected bores. With this new measurement concept, which is based on self-sufficient measuring probes that are flushed into the rod and whose sensors look out of the front of the drill bit, the removal of the drill rod before the measurement is avoided, so that the work and time required for the Surveying work can be reduced significantly. No cable connection is required during the measurement process itself, so that no complex side entrances to the linkage are required. Since the measuring probes are housed within the rod, there are no measuring probe losses.

Even when changing the probe, it is no longer necessary to completely remove the rod, since each probe, similar to a full core tube, can be quickly removed from the drill rod using the core tube catcher, after which a new probe can be inserted just as quickly by flushing it in. When using the method according to the invention, difficulties in carrying out the measurement work practically no longer occur, because wherever drilling has taken place, measurements can then be carried out immediately without having to pull the drill pipe. The outer diameter of the measuring probes corresponds to that of a rope core tube and, like this, can easily be snapped into the core tube coupling via the inner tube head.

The coil system housed in the inner tube head of the measuring probe and in the transmission probe enables wireless (inductive) communication from above with the microprocessor-controlled measuring probe. For this purpose, the measuring cable of the transmission probe is connected to a laptop PC or portable personal computer provided for days in order to initialize the measuring probe before the start of the measuring process and to synchronize it with the laptop PC.

The measuring probe is able to in a fixed time interval, for. B. 1/10 second to record measurement data and write them into their large semiconductor memory of at least one Mbyte. Before the actual measuring process, which takes place with the expansion of the rod, the transmission probe is removed from the borehole, thus protecting the measuring cable from damage.

For each measurement, the change in depth is preferably taken off simultaneously by means of a measuring wheel which is attached to the linkage for days and is written into a data file by the laptop PC as a function of time. After completing the measurement, the probe with the core tube catcher is recovered, opened and read out by the laptop PC. At the same time, the time data information is assigned to the measurement data and a depth data file is created therefrom, which can be plotted on the spot on a printer.

If necessary, the measurement can be interrupted at any time and the measuring probe can be checked by flushing in the transmission probe. To a limited extent, measurement data can also be read out directly from the measurement probe with the aid of the transfer probe and transferred to the laptop PC.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Vermessungsverfahrens für Seilkernbohrungen sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung einer drahtlos verbundenen Meß- und Übertragungssondeneinheit;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Längenmeßvorrichtung;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung einer Gammasonde;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer Dipmetersonde und

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung einer als Meßsonde und zugleich als Übertragungssonde geeigneten Kreiselsonde.

The invention is described in more detail below by way of example with reference to the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a measurement method for rope core drilling and an apparatus for performing the method;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of a wirelessly connected measuring and transmission probe unit;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a length measuring device;

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of a gamma probe;

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of a dipmeter probe and

Fig. 6

is a schematic representation of a gyro probe suitable as a measuring probe and at the same time as a transmission probe.

In Fig. 1, to illustrate the principle underlying the measurement method according to the invention and the device for carrying out the method, a measurement probe 1 according to the invention is shown in the deflected part 43 of a borehole 12 and a cooperating transmission probe 2, which are accommodated in a drill pipe 3 which is located located in borehole 12, 43. The measuring probe 1 has already reached its measuring point in the area of a drill bit 5 by flushing in with the rinsing liquid. The transmission probe 2 is still in the straight part of the borehole 12 is - also by flushing with the flushing liquid - entered into the drill pipe 3 until it has reached its working position immediately behind the measuring probe 1. The transmission probe 2 is attached to a borehole measuring cable 4, which is braked by a measuring cable winch 13 when it is retracted and pulled when it is extended. The measuring cable winch 13 is arranged in the schematic figure next to a drilling rig 14. In practice, it will be conveniently housed on the working platform of the derrick 14. The borehole measuring cable 4 is connected in the example to a measuring carriage 42 in which a laptop PC 7 is accommodated with a registration unit 41, a data processor 44, a data memory 45, a printer 15 and a battery 28 as a power supply. Measuring probe 1 and transmission probe 2 are wirelessly connected to one another in the working position via a soft magnetic core 21 and two induction coils 9 (measuring probe 1) and 10 (transmission probe 2), see FIG. 2. The energetically self-sufficient measuring probe 1 has a measuring sensor 47 which has a measuring opening in the drill bit 5 has a metrologically free access to the bottom and to the walls of the borehole 12, 43 in order to obtain measurement data, for example about the nature of the mountains, the borehole wall and the borehole caliber 38.

2, the measuring probe 1 and the transmission probe 2, which are connected to a measuring and transmission unit, are shown in a data transmission position. The general continues from this representation Structure of the measuring probe 1 and the transmission probe 2. The measuring probe 1 consists of a measuring probe housing 30 in which a measuring element 16, a power supply by means of a battery 17, a data processor 18, a data memory 19 and a serial data transmitter 20 are accommodated. The measuring probe housing 30 is preceded by the measuring sensor 47, which protrudes from the measuring opening of the drill bit 5 during measurement. On the back of the measuring probe 1 there is an inner tube head 11 which can be connected to the drill rod 3 or the drill bit 5 via a core tube coupling 6 for locking the measuring probe 1. The soft magnetic core 21 is anchored in the center on the side of the measuring probe housing 30 facing away from the drilling head 5. The anchored magnet end 21a is surrounded by the windings of the induction coil 9, the connections 48, 49 of which lead to the serial data transmitter 20. With its free magnet end 21b, the soft magnetic core 21 projects beyond the inner tube head 11. In the transmission position, the free magnet end 21b is surrounded by a coil attachment 23, in which the induction coil 10 of the transmission probe 2 is accommodated. The coil attachment 23 is attached to a cable head 22, in which the end of the downhole measuring cable 4 is fastened. The two connections 50, 57 of the induction coil 10 are connected to the downhole measuring cable 4 via the cable head 22. In the illustrated assignment of the transmission probe 2 to the measuring probe 1, wireless data transmission from the laptop PC 7 to the measuring probe 1 is made possible in order to initialize it and to synchronize it with the laptop PC 7 at the same time. Then is the measuring probe 1 is able to record measurement data and temporarily store it in the data memory 19. The transmission probe 2 can now be pulled out of the borehole 12, 43 by means of the measuring cable winch 13. The measurement data is recorded while the drill pipe 3 is being pulled out of the borehole 12, 43. Differentiated pulses from an RS232 interface are provided as the data transmission format. With an RS232 interface, the data sent and received are usually exchanged on two separate lines. Here it is necessary to transmit the data separately over a line.

The borehole depth is determined simultaneously with the measurement data acquisition. The depth measuring device shown schematically in FIG. 3 serves for this purpose. At the top boring bar of the measuring rod 3, a Teufenmeßrad 8 is attached laterally, the revolutions of a pulse generator 24 and a measuring line 27 are transmitted to a pulse counter 25 which is connected via a transmission line 29 to the laptop PC 7. Since the laptop PC 7 and the measuring probe 1 work synchronously, the data collected in each case can be combined, i.e. the measurement data are assigned to the respective borehole depth at which they were taken.

A gamma probe la, the schematic structure of which can be seen in FIG. 4, can be used as the measuring probe 1, for example. A sodium iodide crystal 31 and an electron multiplier tube 32, to which a voltage converter 33 is assigned, are located in the measuring probe housing 30. housed, with the help of which the measurement data are determined. These are fed to the data memory 19 via a data processor 18, from which they can be read out via the serial data transmitter 20. The battery 17 serves as power supply. Although radioactive measurements are also possible through the drill pipe 3, a measurement unaffected by the drill pipe 3 offers a much better resolution, especially if a radioactive radiator is placed in front and the gamma probe 1a is used as a density probe. The sensors of the radioactive measurements are well manageable and the measurement data obtained are low. With 1 MB of memory in the gamma probe la, measurements can be taken continuously for more than 24 hours.

A dipmeter probe 1b can also serve as the measuring probe 1, as shown in FIG. In their housing 30, a pendulum potentiometer 34 and analog electronics 35 are included as data measuring devices, which record the reflections of ultrasound signals emanating from ultrasound transducers 37 which are connected upstream of the probe housing 30. Furthermore, a battery 17 as a power generator and a data processor 18, a data memory 19 and a serial data transmitter 20 are provided in the probe housing 30. The dipometer probe 1b is used to detect the position of layer boundaries and fissures. Several fixed ultrasound transducers 37 measure the amplitude and the transit time without contact according to the sounder principle. The ultrasound impulses are scattered at fissures and layer boundaries and reflected in a weakened intensity from the borehole wall.

The usual evaluation and display methods can also be applied to these amplitude values, as are also done for electrical dipmeters. The sum of all ultrasound transit times represents the borehole caliber 38, the value of which is stored as a further value in addition to the amplitudes. The orientation value is picked up by the electric pendulum potentiometer 34 and determines the position of the ultrasonic oscillators 37 in relation to the roll axis of the dipometer probe 1b. This ensures a simple top-bottom orientation.

To finally classify the layers and fissures, measurements of the course and position of the borehole 12, 43 are also necessary, which are carried out with a gyro probe 1c, which is described below.

Dipmeter probe 1b can also be operated like a caliber probe by selecting another probe program during initialization. In contrast to dipmeter operation, only the caliber values are saved. The exact caliber values are important in connection with the density measurements of the gamma probe la (gamma-gamma).

In addition, volume measurements of the bore 12 can be carried out with the dipmeter probe 1b. For this purpose, the dipmeter probe 1b must be engaged when removing the linkage 3 and the depth with the depth measuring wheel 8 and the laptop PC 7 can be measured. The dipmeter probe 1b can be used to implement a high-resolution measuring method, the smallest depth resolution of which is 1 mm.

6, a gyro probe 1c can finally be provided as measuring probe 1, which can be used alone or together with one of measuring probes 1a and 1 or 1b to record the measurement data of interest. In the probe body 30 of the gyro probe 1c, a gyro module 39 and optionally an additional sensor 40 are integrated as a measuring device. With the help of the gyro probe 1c, the course of a borehole 12, 43 and the position of the deepest borehole can be specified with an accuracy of 1 m at a depth of 1000 m. It is driven with the borehole measuring cable 4a in the drill pipe 3 and constantly measures the course and the position of the borehole 12, 43. If the inclination is greater, it can be flushed forward with a piston. During the measurement, the data are transmitted to the measuring carriage 42 and stored there in the registration unit 41. The additional sensor 40 also allows the position of the pipe fittings of the drill pipe 3 to be measured. As with the measuring probes 1a, 1b, a battery 17 for power supply and a data processor 18, a data memory 19 and a serial data transmitter 20 are accommodated in the housing 30 of the gyro probe 1c.

REFERENCE SIGN LIST

1

Measuring probe

1a

Gamma probe

1b

Dipmeter probe

1c

Gyro probe

2nd

Transmission probe

3rd

Drill pipe

4th

Downhole measuring cable

4a

Downhole measuring cable

5

Core bit

6

Core pipe coupling

7

Laptop pc

8th

Depth measuring wheel

9

Induction coil of the measuring probe

10th

Induction coil of the transmission probe

11

Inner tube head

12th

Borehole

13

Measuring cable winch

14

derrick

15

printer

16

Measuring element

17th

battery

18th

Data processor

19th

Data storage

20th

serial data transmitter

21

Soft magnetic core

21a

anchored magnet end

21b

free magnet end

22

Cable head

23

Coil attachment

24th

Impulse generator

25th

Pulse counter

27

Measurement line

28

battery

29

Transmission line

30th

Probe housing

31

Sodium iodide crystal

32

Electron multiplier tube

33

Voltage converter

34

Pendulum potentiometer

35

Analog electronics

37

Ultrasonic transducer

38

Borehole caliber

39

Gyro module

40

Additional sensor

41

Registration unit

42

Measuring car

43

deflected borehole

44

Data processor

45

Data storage

47

Measuring sensor

48

Connection

49

Connection

50

Connection

51

Connection

Claims (11)

1. A measuring process for cable core bores during which an autarkically functioning measuring probe (1) is inserted into the drill string (3) and is locked to the drill bit (5) via a core barrel coupling (6), measured values are received and stored temporarily by the measuring probe (1), and the measuring probe (1) is recovered with the aid of a core barrel catcher when measuring is over, and the measured values are read out, characterised in that the measuring probe (1) is flushed into the drill string (3) and is locked in the drill bit (5) with the core barrel coupling (6) in such a manner that a measuring sensor (47) can freely access metrologically the bottom and the walls of the borehole (12, 43) by way of a measuring opening in the drill bit (5), and the measured value is recorded while the drill string (3) in the free borehole is being withdrawn, and in addition a transmission probe (2) with a borehole measuring cable (4) fastened thereto and attached to a portable PC (7) is flushed into the drill string (3), a wireless connection is produced between the measuring probe (1) and the transmission probe (2), the measuring probe (1) is initialised via the portable PC and synchronised therewith, the transmission probe (2) is withdrawn from the drill string (3) after initialisation and synchronisation, and the measured values are read out via the portable PC (7) from the measuring probe (1) after its recovery.
2. A measuring process according to Claim 1, characterised in that measuring occurs while the drill string is being pulled, and the respective measured depth is determined via a path display (8) and is stored temporarily by the portable PC.
3. A measuring process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that gamma probes (1a) or dipmeter probes (1b) are used as measuring probes (1).
4. A measuring process according to Claim 3, characterised in that the measured values of the different measuring probes (1a, 1b) are determined in succession and synchronically with respect to depth, and are evaluated together.
5. A measuring process according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that measured data recorded by the measuring probe (1) are transmitted directly or after temporary storage in the measuring probe (1) in a wireless manner to the transmission probe (2), and are further conveyed by the transmission probe to the portable PC (7).
6. A modified measuring process according to either Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a revolving probe (1c) is used as the measuring probe (1) which is attached directly via a borehole measuring cable (4a) to the portable PC (7), and is initialised via and synchronised using the said PC.
7. A device for implementing the measuring process according to any of Claims 1 to 5, in which a measuring probe (1) is connectable to a transmission probe (2) via induction coils (9, 10) and a soft magnet core (21) in a wireless manner, the measuring probe is provided with an inner tube head (11) and is lockable in a drill bit (5), and a measuring element (16), an energy supply (17) and data recording apparatus are contained in the measuring probe (1), and the transmission probe (2) is in the form of a measuring cable head (22) with a coil attachment (23), characterised in that the transmission probe (2) is attached to a portable PC (7) by means of a borehole measuring cable (4), and a data processor (18), a data store (19) and a serial data transmitter (20) are provided as the data recording apparatus, and the measuring probe (1) is lockable via a core barrel coupling (6) in the drill bit (5) and a measuring sensor (47) of the measuring probe (1) can be arranged, so as to project into the borehole, for the purpose of measuring in the free borehole cross-section through an opening of the drill bit (5).
8. A device according to Claim 7, characterised in that the portable PC (7) is connected via a measuring line (27) to a pulse counter (25) and a pulse transmitter (24) of a depth measuring wheel (8) which is attachable to the drill string (3).
9. A device according to Claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the measuring probe (1) is a gamma probe (la), and the sensor part thereof comprises a sodium iodide crystal (31) and an electron multiplier tube (32) as the measured-value transmitter.
10. A device according to Claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the measuring probe (1) is an acoustic dipmeter (36), and the sensor part thereof comprises a plurality of ultrasound oscillators (37), an analogue electronic [device] (35) and an oscillating potentiometer (34).
11. A modified device according to Claims 7 and 8 for the implementation of the measuring process according to Claims 1, 2 and 6, characterised in that a revolving probe (1c) is provided as a measuring probe (1) and is directly connected to the portable PC (7) via a borehole measuring cable (4a) and is formed from a revolving module (3a), an additional sensor (40), a current supply (17), a data processor (18), a data store (19) and a serial data transmitter (20).

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