EP0600388B1 - Tandem warhead having piezo-electric igniters - Google Patents
Tandem warhead having piezo-electric igniters Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0600388B1 EP0600388B1 EP93119083A EP93119083A EP0600388B1 EP 0600388 B1 EP0600388 B1 EP 0600388B1 EP 93119083 A EP93119083 A EP 93119083A EP 93119083 A EP93119083 A EP 93119083A EP 0600388 B1 EP0600388 B1 EP 0600388B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- main charge
- precharge
- fuse
- tandem warhead
- housing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
- F42C11/00—Electric fuzes
- F42C11/02—Electric fuzes with piezo-crystal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
- F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
- F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
- F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
- F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
- F42B12/18—Hollow charges in tandem arrangement
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tandem warhead according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Tandem warheads are primarily used to combat targets such as Tanks, which are equipped with so-called ERA boxes.
- ERA boxes are explosive bodies which have the task of exploding when they hit a projectile, thereby minimizing the effect of the projectile.
- a tandem warhead for example a a karooka
- a tandem warhead for example a karooka
- the pre-charge is ignited before the main charge and pre-damages the target, so that the delayed main charge is fully effective.
- the main charge is ignited contactlessly by the precharge, specifically by light which is generated by the precharge when it detonates.
- a photodiode is arranged in the circuit of the main charge detonator, which responds shortly after the precharge has detonated.
- the main charge In order to achieve maximum damage to the target hit, the main charge must be detonated after a precisely determined point in time after the charge has detonated. This is achieved in DE-OS 41 30 646 by a delay part which is arranged in the circuit of the igniter of the main charge.
- DE-OS 39 42 841 describes a tandem warhead of the aforementioned type, the main charge being a piezoelectric Has impact detonator.
- Piezoelectric impact detonators essentially contain an electrical converter (impact sensor) for generating the ignition voltage and a detonator.
- the ignition voltage for the detonator arises when a shock wave hits the impact sensor when it hits a target. Piezo elements are used as sensors. The main charge is therefore ignited without contact.
- DE-A-36 05 580 also discloses that the precharge can be ignited in a tandem warhead by means of a piezoelectric impact detonator.
- a piezoelectric impact igniter is e.g. in DE-PS 1 145 522 or US-PS 2,894,457.
- EP-A1-0 497 394 of the generic type shows a tandem warhead with all the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention has for its object to develop a tandem warhead according to the preamble of claim 1 such that the ignition takes place without contact, is absolutely reliable and two completely identical detonators are used to ignite the charges, which are separated as independent modules behind the charges without electrical connections are arranged one below the other and the detonation of the main charge takes place after a required delay time and the tandem warhead is cheaper to manufacture.
- piezoelectric impact detonators Due to the use of piezoelectric impact detonators for both the pre-charge and the main charge, no mechanically movable parts are used for the ignition. In addition, two completely identical detonators are installed. As a result, the ignition device is safer and also simpler and therefore less expensive as no new official approval procedure is required. Piezoelectric impact detonators are characterized by their high reliability.
- the duration of the shock wave until the main charge is ignited and thus the desired delay is determined by the housing construction, the arrangement of the detonators and the material composition of the housing in such a way that the housing of the tandem warhead is made of a magnesium alloy or an aluminum alloy, the housing construction being stiff and is formed without soft spots and the two detonators are arranged at a distance of 300 to 400 mm from one another, so that the shock wave from the detonator of the precharge to the detonator of the main charge has a running time of 100 to 150 microseconds.
- the precharge together with its igniter is expediently arranged in a spacer which can be moved out of the housing in the direction of flight, the spacer consisting of two segments which can be pushed into one another.
- the summons are seen in the direction of flight, in the foremost segment. Both segments can be inserted into the warhead housing.
- both charges namely pre-charge and main charge
- both charges are shaped charges, the tandem warhead preferably being used as a karoka.
- the detonators are both piezoelectric impact detonators, e.g. are described in DE-PS 1 145 522 or US-PS 2,894,457.
- Piezoelectric impact detonators essentially consist of an impact sensor, which conducts an ignition voltage to a detonator when the shock wave hits. The detonator then, as is known, detonates a primary charge by which the main charge or secondary charge is ignited. A delay charge can be arranged in the detonator.
- the spacer advantageously has a front cap which is provided with a pulse damper. This makes the ignition less sensitive.
- the first shock wave generated by the impact of the tandem warhead on a target in the piezoelectric impact detonator at the precharge or in the piezo element arranged therein has an electrical voltage of generated well over 500 V. This voltage is far higher than that required by the precharge detonator, so that the precharge is always fired safely and reliably.
- the same first shock wave reaches the piezoelectric impact igniter of the main charge a little later. If the tandem warhead hit its target almost at right angles, the shock wave is intense enough that the voltage generated in the piezo element of the fuse belonging to the main charge is sufficient to ignite the associated detonator. However, if the tandem warhead hits a target at an acute angle, the intensity of the shock wave emanating from the impact is often not sufficient to generate sufficient voltage for the detonator in the piezo element of the main charge detonator.
- the figure shows a tandem warhead with a main charge 2 arranged in a housing 5, which is designed as a hollow charge and has an insert 7 made of copper.
- a piezoelectric impact igniter 4 is arranged at the rear end of the housing 5, which tapers there in a wedge shape.
- a primary charge 8 and an inert body 9 are arranged as detonation wave guide between this igniter 4 and the main charge 2.
- the housing 5 tapers and forms an annular opening there, which is designed as a spacer guide 10.
- a spacer 6 is guided, which consists of two segments 6a, 6b and whose segment 6a is slidably mounted in the spacer guide 10.
- the spacer 6 is dimensioned such that a shaped charge spike can form in the free space 11 above the insert 7.
- the segment 6a of the spacer 6 can be locked in the extended state via a thread 12.
- segment 6a segment 6b is guided, in which a precharge 1 with associated igniter 3 is arranged.
- the primary charge for the pre-charge 1 is designated by the reference number 13. No detonation wave guide is provided.
- the segment 6b can be inserted into the segment 6a of the spacer 6 and is provided with a thread 14 at its end facing the segment 6a.
- a hemispherical cap 15 is placed on the segment 6a of the spacer 6. So that the ignition is not too sensitive, e.g. when streaking trees etc., the cap 15 is advantageously provided with a pulse damper, not shown.
- an insert 16 is placed on the preload.
- Both igniters 3, 4 are piezoelectric impact igniters. Since the duration of a shock wave strongly depends on the path length, the material composition and the construction of the housing 5, these variables influencing the delay time must be selected so that the delay time is within the desired range. If a longer delay time is required, a delay charge or a delay element can be installed in the main charge detonator.
- the housing 5 of the tandem warhead is made of a light metal, i.e. a magnesium alloy or an aluminum alloy.
- the runtime of the shock wave and the associated delayed ignition of the main charge 2 is, as already said, essentially determined by the material composition and the distance between the two igniters 3, 4 from one another. This distance is between 300 to 400 mm. This results in a transit time of the shock wave from igniter 3 to igniter 4 of 100 to 150 microseconds. So that the shock wave can penetrate into the detonator and trigger it, the detonator must be firmly connected to the housing.
- the housing also has no soft spots that would dampen the shock wave, but is stiff so that the shock wave can propagate undamped.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
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- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Tandemgefechtskopf nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a tandem warhead according to the preamble of
Tandemgefechtsköpfe werden vornehmlich zur Bekämpfung von Zielen, wie z.B. Panzern, verwendet, die mit sogenannten ERA-Boxen versehen sind. ERA-Boxen sind explosionsfähige Körper, welche die Aufgabe haben, beim Auftreffen eines Geschosses zu explodieren, um dadurch die Wirkung des Geschosses zu minimieren.Tandem warheads are primarily used to combat targets such as Tanks, which are equipped with so-called ERA boxes. ERA boxes are explosive bodies which have the task of exploding when they hit a projectile, thereby minimizing the effect of the projectile.
Aus der DE-OS 41 30 646 ist ein Tandemgefechtskopf, beispielsweise eine Panzerfaust, bekannt, die aus einer Vorladung und einer räumlich nachgeschalteten Hauptladung besteht. Die Vorladung wird vor der Hauptladung gezündet und bewirkt eine Vorschädigung des getroffenen Ziels, so daß die zeitlich verzögerte Hauptladung voll wirksam ist. Die Zündung der Hauptladung erfolgt berührungslos durch die Vorladung und zwar durch Licht, welches von der Vorladung bei ihrer Detonation erzeugt wird. Hierzu ist im Stromkreis des Zünders der Hauptladung eine Photodiode angeordnet, die kurz nach der Detonation der Vorladung anspricht.From DE-OS 41 30 646 a tandem warhead, for example a bazooka, is known which consists of a precharge and a spatially downstream main charge. The pre-charge is ignited before the main charge and pre-damages the target, so that the delayed main charge is fully effective. The main charge is ignited contactlessly by the precharge, specifically by light which is generated by the precharge when it detonates. For this purpose, a photodiode is arranged in the circuit of the main charge detonator, which responds shortly after the precharge has detonated.
Um eine maximale Schädigung des getroffenen Ziels zu erreichen, muß die Hauptladung nach einem genau festgelegten Zeitpunkt nach der Detonation der Vorladung gezündet werden. Dies wird bei der DE-OS 41 30 646 durch ein Verzögerungsteil erreicht, welches im Stromkreis des Zünders der Hauptladung angeordnet ist.In order to achieve maximum damage to the target hit, the main charge must be detonated after a precisely determined point in time after the charge has detonated. This is achieved in DE-OS 41 30 646 by a delay part which is arranged in the circuit of the igniter of the main charge.
Die DE-OS 39 42 841 beschreibt einen Tandemgefechtskopf der vorgenannten Art, wobei die Hauptladung einen piezoelektrischen Aufschlagzünder aufweist. Piezoelektische Aufschlagzünder enthalten im wesentlichen einen elektrischen Wandler (Aufschlagsensor) zur Erzeugung der Zündspannung und einen Detonator. Die Zündspannung für den Detonator entsteht, wenn beim Auftreffen auf ein Ziel eine Schockwelle auf den Aufschlagsensor trifft. Als Sensoren werden Piezoelemente verwendet. Die Zündung der Hauptladung erfolgt demnach berührungslos. Auch die DE-A-36 05 580 offenbart, daß die Zündung der Vorladung in einem Tandemgefechtskopf mittels eines piezoelektrischen Aufschlagzünders erfolgen kann.DE-OS 39 42 841 describes a tandem warhead of the aforementioned type, the main charge being a piezoelectric Has impact detonator. Piezoelectric impact detonators essentially contain an electrical converter (impact sensor) for generating the ignition voltage and a detonator. The ignition voltage for the detonator arises when a shock wave hits the impact sensor when it hits a target. Piezo elements are used as sensors. The main charge is therefore ignited without contact. DE-A-36 05 580 also discloses that the precharge can be ignited in a tandem warhead by means of a piezoelectric impact detonator.
Die Funktionsweise eines piezoelektrischen Aufschlagzünders ist z.B. in der DE-PS 1 145 522 oder US-PS 2,894,457 beschrieben.The operation of a piezoelectric impact igniter is e.g. in DE-PS 1 145 522 or US-PS 2,894,457.
In der gattungsgemäßen EP-A1-0 497 394 ist ein Tandemgefechtskopf mit sämtlichen Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruch 1 gezeigt.EP-A1-0 497 394 of the generic type shows a tandem warhead with all the features of the preamble of
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Tandemgefechtskopf nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 derart weiterzubilden, daß die Zündung berührungslos erfolgt, absolut zuverlässig ist und zur Zündung der Ladungen zwei vollkommen gleiche Zünder verwendet werden, die getrennt als selbständige Baugruppen hinter den Ladungen ohne elektrische Verbindungen untereinander angeordnet sind und die Detonation der Hauptladung nach einer geforderten Verzögerungszeit erfolgt und der Tandemgefechtskopf billiger herzustellen ist.The invention has for its object to develop a tandem warhead according to the preamble of
Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß
- der Zünder der Vorladung ein mit dem Zünder der Hauptladung baugleicher piezoelektrischer Aufschlagzünder ist, der durch eine beim Auftreffen des Tandemgefechtskopfs erzeugte Schockwelle auslösbar ist;
- das Gehäuse des Tandemgefechtskopfs aus einer Magnesiumlegierung oder einer Aluminiumlegierung gefertigt ist, wobei die Gehäusekonstruktion steif und ohne weiche Stellen ausgebildet ist; und
- die beiden Zünder in einem Abstand von 300 bis 400 mm voneinander angeordnet sind, so daß die Schockwelle vom Zünder der Vorladung zum Zünder der Hauptladung eine Laufzeit von 100 bis 150 µsec hat.
- the detonator of the pre-charge is a piezoelectric impact detonator of identical construction to the detonator of the main charge and can be triggered by a shock wave generated when the tandem warhead strikes;
- the housing of the tandem warhead is made of a magnesium alloy or an aluminum alloy, the housing construction being rigid and without soft spots; and
- the two detonators are arranged at a distance of 300 to 400 mm from one another, so that the shock wave from the detonator of the precharge to the detonator of the main charge has a running time of 100 to 150 microseconds.
Durch die Verwendung von piezoelektrischen Aufschlagzündern sowohl für die Vorladung als auch für die Hauptladung, werden zur Zündung keine mechanisch bewegbaren Teile verwendet. Außerdem werden zwei vollkommen gleiche Zünder eingebaut. Hierdurch ist die Zündvorrichtung sicherer und auch einfacher und damit kostengünstikostengünstiger herzustellen, da kein neues amtliches Genehmigungsverfahren erforderlich ist. Piezoelektrische Aufschlagzünder zeichnen sich durch ihre hohe Zuverlässigkeit aus. Die Laufzeit der Schockwelle bis zum Zünden der Hauptladung und damit die gewünschte Verzögerung ist durch die Gehäusekonstruktion, die Anordnung der Zünder und die Materialzusammensetzung des Gehäuses derart festgelegt, daß das Gehäuse des Tandemgefechtskopfes aus einer Magnesiumlegierung oder einer Aluminiumlegierung gefertigt ist, wobei die Gehäusekonstruktion steif und ohne weiche Stellen ausgebildet ist und die beiden Zünder in einem Abstand von 300 bis 400 mm voneinander angeordnet sind, so aaß die Schockwelle vom Zünder der Vorladung zum Zünder der Hauptladung eine Laufzeit von 100 bis 150 µsec hat.Due to the use of piezoelectric impact detonators for both the pre-charge and the main charge, no mechanically movable parts are used for the ignition. In addition, two completely identical detonators are installed. As a result, the ignition device is safer and also simpler and therefore less expensive as no new official approval procedure is required. Piezoelectric impact detonators are characterized by their high reliability. The duration of the shock wave until the main charge is ignited and thus the desired delay is determined by the housing construction, the arrangement of the detonators and the material composition of the housing in such a way that the housing of the tandem warhead is made of a magnesium alloy or an aluminum alloy, the housing construction being stiff and is formed without soft spots and the two detonators are arranged at a distance of 300 to 400 mm from one another, so that the shock wave from the detonator of the precharge to the detonator of the main charge has a running time of 100 to 150 microseconds.
Zweckmäßigerweise ist die Vorladung mitsamt ihrem Zünder in einem aus dem Gehäuse in Flugrichtung herausfahrbaren Abstandshalter angeordnet, wobei der Abstandshalter aus zwei ineinander schiebbaren Segmenten besteht. Die Vorladung ist in Flugrichtung gesehen, im vordersten Segment angeordnet. Beide Segmente sind in das Gehäuse des Gefechtskopfes einschiebbar.The precharge together with its igniter is expediently arranged in a spacer which can be moved out of the housing in the direction of flight, the spacer consisting of two segments which can be pushed into one another. The summons are seen in the direction of flight, in the foremost segment. Both segments can be inserted into the warhead housing.
Beide Ladungen, nämlich Vorladung und Hauptladung, sind in bevorzugter Ausführungsform Hohlladungen, wobei der Tandemgefechtskopf bevorzugt als Panzerfaust verwendet wird.In a preferred embodiment, both charges, namely pre-charge and main charge, are shaped charges, the tandem warhead preferably being used as a bazooka.
Die Zünder sind beide piezoelektrische Aufschlagzünder, wie sie z.B. in der DE-PS 1 145 522 oder US-PS 2,894,457 beschrieben sind. Piezoelektrische Aufschlagzünder bestehen im wesentlichen aus einem Aufschlagsensor, der beim Auftreffen der Schockwelle eine Zündspannung an einen Detonator leitet. Der Detonator bringt anschließend, wie bekannt, eine Primärladung zur Explosion, durch welche die Hauptladung oder Sekundärladung gezündet wird. Im Detonator kann eine Verzögerungsladung angeordnet sein.The detonators are both piezoelectric impact detonators, e.g. are described in
Vorteilhafterweise weist der Abstandshalter eine vordere Kappe auf, die mit einem Impulsdämpfer versehen ist. Hierdurch reagiert die Zündung weniger empfindlich.The spacer advantageously has a front cap which is provided with a pulse damper. This makes the ignition less sensitive.
Versuche haben ergeben, daß die durch das Auftreffen des Tandemgefechtskopfs auf ein Ziel erzeugte erste Schockwelle im piezoelektrischen Aufschlagzünder an der Vorladung, bzw. im darin angeordneten Piezoelement eine elektrische Spannung von weit über 500 V erzeugt. Diese Spannung ist weit höher als sie vom Detonator der Vorladung benötigt wird, so daß die Vorladung immer sicher und zuverlässig gezündet wird.Tests have shown that the first shock wave generated by the impact of the tandem warhead on a target in the piezoelectric impact detonator at the precharge or in the piezo element arranged therein has an electrical voltage of generated well over 500 V. This voltage is far higher than that required by the precharge detonator, so that the precharge is always fired safely and reliably.
Dieselbe erste Schockwelle erreicht wenig später den piezoelektrischen Aufschlagzünder der Hauptladung. Ist der Tandemgefechtskopf nahezu rechtwinklig auf sein Ziel aufgetroffen, so ist die Schockwelle intensiv genug, daß die im Piezoelement des zur Hauptladung gehörenden Zünders erzeugte Spannung ausreicht, den zugehörenden Detonator zu zünden. Trifft der Tandemgefechtskopf jedoch unter einem spitzen Winkel auf ein Ziel auf, so reicht die Intensität der vom Aufprall ausgehenden Schockwelle oftmals nicht aus, um im Piezoelement des Zünders der Hauptladung eine für den Detonator hinreichende Spannung zu erzeugen.The same first shock wave reaches the piezoelectric impact igniter of the main charge a little later. If the tandem warhead hit its target almost at right angles, the shock wave is intense enough that the voltage generated in the piezo element of the fuse belonging to the main charge is sufficient to ignite the associated detonator. However, if the tandem warhead hits a target at an acute angle, the intensity of the shock wave emanating from the impact is often not sufficient to generate sufficient voltage for the detonator in the piezo element of the main charge detonator.
Dies ist erfindungsgemäß auch gar nicht nötig, da kurz nach dem Aufprall die Vorladung detoniert und diese Detonation eine eigene zweite Schockwelle auslöst, die sich in Richtung Zünder der Hauptladung fortpflanzt. Diese zweite Schockwelle ist so intensiv, daß die im Piezoelement des Zünders der Hauptladung erzeugte Spannung auch bei extrem kleinen Auftreffwinkeln des Geschosses auf ein Ziel einen hinreichend großen Wert annimmt, so daß die Hauptladung immer sicher gezündet wird.This is also not necessary according to the invention, since shortly after the impact the precharge detonates and this detonation triggers its own second shock wave, which propagates in the direction of the main charge detonator. This second shock wave is so intense that the voltage generated in the piezo element of the main charge detonator assumes a sufficiently large value even when the projectile hits the target at extremely small angles, so that the main charge is always fired safely.
Beim Schießen gegen ERA-Boxen wurden diese von der Vorladung durchschlagen, so daß der Strahl der Hauptladung nahezu ungestört durch das von der Vorladung erzeugte Loch in der Box hindurch fliegen konnte.When firing against ERA boxes, these were penetrated by the pre-charge, so that the beam of the main charge could fly through the hole in the box created by the pre-charge almost undisturbed.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand einer Figur näher beschrieben.The invention is described in more detail below with reference to a figure.
Die Figur zeigt einen Tandemgefechtskopf mit einer in einem Gehäuse 5 angeordneten Hauptladung 2, die als Hohlladung ausgebildet ist und eine Einlage 7 aus Kupfer aufweist. Zur Zündung ist am hinteren Ende des Gehäuses 5, welches sich dort keilförmig zuspitzt, ein piezoelektrischer Aufschlagzünder 4 angeordnet. Zwischen diesem Zünder 4 und der Hauptladung 2 ist eine Primärladung 8 und ein Inertkörper 9 als Detonationswellenlenker angeordnet.The figure shows a tandem warhead with a
In Flugrichtung gesehen vor der Hauptladung 2 verjüngt sich das Gehäuse 5 und bildet dort eine ringförmige Öffnung, die als Abstandshalterführung 10 ausgebildet ist. In dieser Abstandshalterführung 10 ist ein Abstandshalter 6 geführt, der aus zwei Segmenten 6a, 6b besteht und dessen Segment 6a in der Abstandshalterführung 10 verschiebbar gelagert ist. Der Abstandshalter 6 ist so dimensioniert, daß sich in dem freien Raum 11 über der Einlage 7 ein Hohlladungsstachel ausbilden kann. Das Segment 6a des Abstandshalters 6 ist über ein Gewinde 12 im ausgezogenen Zustand feststellbar. Im Segment 6a ist das Segment 6b geführt, in dem eine Vorladung 1 mit zugehörigem Zünder 3 angeordnet ist. Die Primärladung für die Vorladung 1 ist mit dem Bezugszeichen 13 bezeichnet. Es ist kein Detonationswellenlenker vorgesehen. Das Segment 6b ist in das Segment 6a des Abstandshalters 6 einschiebbar und ist zur Feststellung an seinem zum Segment 6a gewandten Ende mit einem Gewinde 14 versehen. An seiner Spitze ist auf dem Segment 6a des Abstandshalters 6 eine halbkugelförmige Kappe 15 aufgesetzt. Damit die Zündung nicht zu empfindlich reagiert, z.B. beim Streifen von Bäumen etc., ist die Kappe 15 vorteilhafterweise mit einem nicht gezeigten Impulsdämpfer versehen. Auf der Vorladung ist, wie bei Hohlladungen üblich, eine Einlage 16 aufgesetzt.Seen in the direction of flight in front of the
Beide Zünder 3,4 sind piezoelektriche Aufschlagzünder. Da die Laufzeit einer Schockwelle stark von der Weglänge, der Materialzusammensetzung und der Konstruktion des Gehäuses 5 abhängt, müssen diese die Verzögerungszeit beeinflussenden Größen so gewählt sein, daß die Verzögerungszeit im gewünschten Rahmen liegt. Sollte eine längere Verzögerungszeit erforderlich sein, so kann in den Detonator der Hauptladung eine Verzögerungsladung bzw. ein Verzögerungsglied eingebaut werden.Both
Das Gehäuse 5 des Tandemgefechtskopfes ist aus einem Leichtmetall, d.h. einer Magnesiumlegierung oder einer Aluminiumlegierung gefertigt. Die Laufzeit der Schockwelle und die damit verbundene verzögerte Zündung der Hauptladung 2 bestimmt sich, wie schon gesagt, im wesentlichen durch die Materialzusammensetzung und den Abstand der beiden Zünder 3, 4 voneinander. Dieser Abstand liegt zwischen 300 bis 400 mm. Daraus ergibt sich eine Laufzeit der Schockwelle vom Zünder 3 zum Zünder 4 von 100 bis 150 µsec. Damit die Schockwelle in den Zünder eindringen kann und ihn auslöst, muß der Zünder fest mit dem Gehäuse verbunden sein. Das Gehäuse hat außerdem keine weichen Stellen, welche die Schockwelle dämpfen würden, sonder ist steif ausgebildet, so daß sich die Schockwelle ungedämpft fortpflanzen kann.The
Claims (6)
- Tandem warhead with a housing (5), in which there are arranged a precharge (1) and a main charge (2) arranged spatially behind it with in each case a fuse (3, 4), wherein the precharge (1) is ignited before the main charge (2) and the fuse (4) of the main charge (2) comprises a piezoelectrical contact fuse which can be set off by a shockwave produced on detonation of the precharge (1), characterized in that- the fuse for the precharge is a piezoelectric percussion fuse of like construction to the fuse for the main charge, which is capable of being set off by a shockwave produced on impacting of the tandem warhead;- the housing of the tandem warhead is manufactured from a magnesium alloy or an aluminium alloy, with the housing construction being rigid and formed without soft positions; and- the two fuses are arranged at a distance of 300 to 400 mm from one another so that the shockwave of the fuse of the precharge has a travel time of 100 to 150 µ sec to the fuse of the main charge.
- Tandem warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that the precharge (1) together with its fuse (3) is arranged in a spacer (6) which can be moved out of the housing (5) in flight direction.
- Tandem warhead according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer (6) consists of two segments (6a, 6b) which can be inserted into one another.
- Tandem warhead according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the precharge (1) and the main charge (2) are hollow charges.
- Tandem warhead according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the warhead is an antitank grenade launcher.
- Tandem warhead according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the spacer (6) has a front cap 15 which is provided with a pulse attenuator.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4240084 | 1992-11-28 | ||
| DE4240084A DE4240084A1 (en) | 1992-11-28 | 1992-11-28 | Tandem warhead with piezoelectric impact fuses |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0600388A1 EP0600388A1 (en) | 1994-06-08 |
| EP0600388B1 true EP0600388B1 (en) | 1997-03-12 |
Family
ID=6473916
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP93119083A Expired - Lifetime EP0600388B1 (en) | 1992-11-28 | 1993-11-26 | Tandem warhead having piezo-electric igniters |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5415105A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0600388B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07301499A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100210113B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE150166T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE4240084A1 (en) |
| IL (1) | IL107769A (en) |
| SG (1) | SG82569A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE507558C2 (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1998-06-22 | Bofors Ab | Grenade with multi-charges |
| DE19634457B3 (en) * | 1996-08-26 | 2007-06-06 | Diehl Stiftung & Co.Kg | Tandem warhead |
| FR3008176A1 (en) * | 1996-10-10 | 2015-01-09 | Giat Ind Sa | MILITARY HEAD WITH DEBLAIRING LOAD |
| US6105505A (en) * | 1998-06-17 | 2000-08-22 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Hard target incendiary projectile |
| DE19827171A1 (en) * | 1998-06-18 | 1999-12-23 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Weapon, especially anti-tank weapon |
| USH1930H1 (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 2001-01-02 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Precursor warhead attachment for an anti-armor rocket |
| US6109185A (en) * | 1998-12-31 | 2000-08-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Anti-armor projectile with autonomous, attachable, precursor warhead |
| KR20020042394A (en) * | 2000-11-30 | 2002-06-05 | 조대근 | A bomb for forest fire extinguishing and installing the fire prevention |
| BG64717B1 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2005-12-30 | Страхил ГУШЛЕВ | Multifunctional warhead |
| US6467416B1 (en) * | 2002-01-08 | 2002-10-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Combined high-blast/anti-armor warheads |
| US6959893B1 (en) * | 2003-04-01 | 2005-11-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Light fighter lethality seeker projectile |
| US7273011B2 (en) * | 2004-11-03 | 2007-09-25 | Saab Bofors Dynamics Switzerland Ltd | Structure of a projectile |
| US7363862B2 (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-04-29 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Multi-purpose single initiated tandem warhead |
| EP1739385B1 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2012-06-13 | Saab Ab | Ammunition unit with kinetic precursor |
| ES2549264T3 (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2015-10-26 | Saab Ab | Procedure for reducing the number of types of ammunition to be used and ammunition device |
| US7560855B2 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2009-07-14 | Loki Incorporated | Ferroelectric energy generator, system, and method |
| DE102007016488B3 (en) * | 2007-04-05 | 2009-01-22 | Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg | Penetallable projectile |
| KR100959359B1 (en) * | 2007-12-12 | 2010-05-20 | 주식회사 한화 | Explosive bullet having multiple warhead and multi-directional fuze |
| KR100930374B1 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2009-12-16 | 김진기 | Shaped charge using control of propagation path of explosion |
| KR100930373B1 (en) * | 2009-01-15 | 2009-12-16 | 김진기 | Shaped charge with difference of propagation velocity of explosion |
| US7999445B2 (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2011-08-16 | Loki Incorporated | Ferroelectric energy generator with voltage-controlled switch |
| RU2456535C1 (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2012-07-20 | Николай Евгеньевич Староверов | Staroverov hollow-charge shell (versions) |
| KR101203523B1 (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2012-11-21 | 국방과학연구소 | Method for calculating optimal detonation time for warhead and fuze processor using the same |
| ES2966359T3 (en) | 2017-01-31 | 2024-04-22 | Transmobil Ltd | Cumulative thermobaric warhead |
| CN107270788B (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2023-06-27 | 中国工程物理研究院电子工程研究所 | Sensor redundancy type trigger fuze |
| RS65463B1 (en) | 2017-11-08 | 2024-05-31 | Transmobil Ltd | Tandem-cumulative shot |
| DE102019213944A1 (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-18 | Atlas Elektronik Gmbh | Underwater vehicle with two shaped charges arranged one behind the other |
| KR20240066644A (en) | 2022-11-08 | 2024-05-16 | 한화에어로스페이스 주식회사 | Fuse structure capable of controlling warhead power and warhead capable of controlling warhead power including the same, and method of detonating warheads |
Family Cites Families (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3256817A (en) * | 1951-10-17 | 1966-06-21 | Rabinow Jacob | Piezoelectric fuse |
| US2894457A (en) * | 1955-03-18 | 1959-07-14 | Magnavox Co | Detonation delay device |
| DE1283708B (en) * | 1966-06-10 | 1968-11-21 | Boelkow Gmbh | Ignition device |
| DE2452942C1 (en) * | 1974-11-08 | 1993-12-02 | Deutsche Aerospace | Combined projectile with several parallely arranged behind and behind projectiles to combat armored targets |
| FR2310547A1 (en) * | 1975-05-06 | 1976-12-03 | Realisa Et Applic Tech Et | Missile with secondary charge ahead of main charge - has small charge on nose cone positioned not to disturb main explosion |
| DE2535748C3 (en) * | 1975-08-11 | 1985-08-29 | Diehl GmbH & Co, 8500 Nürnberg | Safety device for piezoelectric igniter of projectiles |
| FR2540238B1 (en) * | 1983-01-27 | 1987-01-16 | Serat | IMPROVEMENTS TO DOUBLE HOLLOW CHARGES |
| FR2559896B1 (en) * | 1984-02-20 | 1987-09-25 | France Etat Armement | DELAY INITIATION FOR MILITARY HEAD WITH FORMED LOADS MOUNTED IN TANDEM |
| FR2568366B1 (en) * | 1984-07-26 | 1987-10-23 | Serat | DEPLOYABLE TELESCOPIC HEADPHONES FOR MACHINERY, PROJECTILES, BOMBS OR MISSILES |
| FR2569834B1 (en) * | 1984-09-05 | 1987-08-21 | France Etat Armement | MILITARY HEAD WITH TANDEM-MOUNTED LOADS |
| DE3440811C1 (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-04-30 | Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn | Detonating device for a secondary-firing charge |
| DE3605580C1 (en) * | 1986-02-21 | 1987-06-04 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Warhead |
| DE3727652C1 (en) * | 1987-08-19 | 1988-07-14 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Shaped-charge projectile |
| DE3804992C1 (en) * | 1988-02-18 | 1989-04-13 | Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8012 Ottobrunn, De | |
| US5007347A (en) * | 1989-07-19 | 1991-04-16 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Modular missile upgrade apparatus |
| DE3942841A1 (en) * | 1989-12-23 | 1991-06-27 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | ADJUSTABLE SPACER ON A HIGH CHARGE HEAD, SWITCHABLE FOR DEPTH OR SIDE EFFECT |
| FR2660427B1 (en) * | 1990-03-29 | 1993-12-31 | Giat Industries | DELAY INITIATION FOR FORMED LOADS DETONATING IN SEQUENCE. |
| SE9100297L (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1992-08-01 | Bofors Ab | TAENDSYSTEM |
-
1992
- 1992-11-28 DE DE4240084A patent/DE4240084A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-11-19 KR KR1019930024699A patent/KR100210113B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-26 JP JP5296502A patent/JPH07301499A/en active Pending
- 1993-11-26 SG SG9612360A patent/SG82569A1/en unknown
- 1993-11-26 IL IL10776993A patent/IL107769A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-26 AT AT93119083T patent/ATE150166T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-11-26 EP EP93119083A patent/EP0600388B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-26 DE DE59305740T patent/DE59305740D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-29 US US08/158,218 patent/US5415105A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR940011924A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
| IL107769A (en) | 1996-09-12 |
| SG82569A1 (en) | 2001-08-21 |
| ATE150166T1 (en) | 1997-03-15 |
| DE4240084A1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
| DE59305740D1 (en) | 1997-04-17 |
| IL107769A0 (en) | 1994-07-31 |
| EP0600388A1 (en) | 1994-06-08 |
| US5415105A (en) | 1995-05-16 |
| KR100210113B1 (en) | 1999-07-15 |
| JPH07301499A (en) | 1995-11-14 |
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