EP0599709A1 - Plasma cutting torch - Google Patents

Plasma cutting torch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0599709A1
EP0599709A1 EP93402814A EP93402814A EP0599709A1 EP 0599709 A1 EP0599709 A1 EP 0599709A1 EP 93402814 A EP93402814 A EP 93402814A EP 93402814 A EP93402814 A EP 93402814A EP 0599709 A1 EP0599709 A1 EP 0599709A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
torch
series
passages
passage
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93402814A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0599709B2 (en
EP0599709B1 (en
Inventor
Michel Delzenne
André Borne
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Lincoln Electric Co France SA
Original Assignee
La Soudure Autogene Francaise
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Application filed by La Soudure Autogene Francaise filed Critical La Soudure Autogene Francaise
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3489—Means for contact starting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to plasma cutting torches, of the type comprising a torch body comprising an electrode and a nozzle, and means for mounting and connecting the torch body.
  • Plasma cutting torches conventionally comprise a one-piece torch body with, at the rear, connections to pipes for supplying fluid and electrical energy and means for fixing to a frame or a working machine, and, to the front, means for mounting the electrode and the nozzle.
  • the disassembly of these torches, for maintenance operations or replacement of worn or defective parts, requires delicate and long disassembly and reassembly operations, which immobilize the production machine for a significant time and which most often require make new torch positioning adjustments before restarting production.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a new torch architecture, of modular design, allowing rapid and easy replacement of the torch body and / or of its constituent elements and eliminating the problems of re-adjustment of positioning after reassembly.
  • the torch comprises a torch support defining a first series of fluid passages connectable to respective circuits for supplying said fluids and a first support face, a unitary body of torch comprising the electrode and the nozzle and comprising a second series of fluid passages and a second bearing face, and quick assembly means for assembling the torch body assembly and the torch support with the first and second bearing faces in axial bearing against one another and with the passages of the first series communicating with the respective passages of the second series.
  • a plasma cutting torch generally comprises a torch support A, intended to be mounted on a machine frame and on one end of which is mounted a unitary assembly of torch body B, the torch support A comprising, at its opposite end, a series C of elements for connection to fluid pipes and to power lines.
  • the torch support A comprises a metal block 1, typically made of brass, comprising a succession of stepped bores of different diameters 2, 3, 4, 5 and surrounded by a insulating jacket 6.
  • a metal block 1 typically made of brass
  • In the larger diameter bore 2 open a supply passage of cooling gas 7 and an actuating gas supply passage 8.
  • the connection between the bores 2 and 3 forms a transverse annular face 9 into which opens a supply passage of a second actuation gas 10.
  • In the bore 3 opens a passage 11 for supplying a third actuating gas.
  • an electrical contact socket 5 the bore 4 communicating with a tube T for supplying plasma gas.
  • the support A comprises, at its front end, a metal sleeve 12 isolated from the block 1 and comprising an external thread 13.
  • the torch body B comprises a metallic tubular assembly 14 comprising a rear part forming a piston 15 sliding in an internal bore 16 of a metallic tubular jacket 17 provided with peripheral seals and intended to be received in the first bore 2 of the torch support A.
  • the jacket 17 is secured to a lower skirt assembly 18, the upper end of which forms a collar 19 extending radially outwards.
  • On the lower end of the skirt assembly 18 is mounted a cap 20.
  • the tubular assembly 14 is extended towards the rear by a stepped cylindrical part intended to be received with sealing in the rear bores 3 and 4 of the support of torch A.
  • the rear end of the jacket 17 forms an annular bearing surface 21 bearing against the annular face 9 of the torch support A.
  • tubular assembly 14 In the tubular assembly 14 is tightly mounted a tubular element 22 enclosing a spring 23 urging downward a piston 24 sliding in leaktight manner in the tubular element 22 and integral with a hollow rod 25 extending in leaktight sliding in the tubular element 22 and in a tubular extension 33 of the assembly 14, and carrying, at its lower end, a clamp structure with flexible longitudinal tabs 26 forming means for locking and holding a hollow electrode tail 27 carrying at its lower end Erieure a hollow electrode 28.
  • the clamp structure 26 cooperates with an outer tubular clamp lock 29 slidably mounted on the rod 25 and resiliently biased downward by a spring 30.
  • the lock 29 comprises at least one transverse projection 31 passing through a oblong opening 32 formed in the tubular extension 33 of the assembly 14 and carrying, at its lower end, a clamp structure 34 with flexible longitudinal tongues cooperating with a peripheral elastic ring 35 and forming means for holding and blocking a nozzle 36 in which the electrode 28 extends and provided centrally with a jet ejection channel plasma 37.
  • the plasma gas introduced into the bore 4 passes centrally through the torch body B as far as the electrode 28 from where it passes inside the nozzle 36.
  • the cooling gas introduced into the passage 7 enters, through transverse openings 38 in the jacket 17 to flow into the skirt 20, around the nozzle 36.
  • a locking gas, introduced through the passage 8 enters through openings transverse 39, in the bore 16 to push the piston 15 upwards and maintain the clamps 26 and 34 in the engagement configuration of the electrode tail 27 and the nozzle 36, respectively.
  • the upper part 40 of the assembly 14 forms, in the bore 3, an unlocking piston which, when unlocking gas is introduced into the bottom of the bore 3 through the passage 11, pushes the assembly 14 towards the bottom, thus freeing the clamp structure 34 from the ring 35 and allowing the extraction of the nozzle 36.
  • the projections 31 come into abutment on an internal shoulder 41 of the jacket 17, thus releasing the clamp 26 and allowing the release of the electrode 28.
  • the electrode 28 is normally kept pressed against the bottom of the nozzle 36 by the spring 23.
  • priming gas is introduced through passage 10 and enters, through transverse passages, 42 between assembly 14 and assembly 22 into an annular chamber 43 in front of piston 24 to repel this last against spring 23 and ec arter thus the electrode 28 of the nozzle 36 to, in a first time, strike the arc and, thereafter, allow the escape of the plasma gas from inside the nozzle 36 towards the outside, by the passage 37.
  • the torch body B is kept locked on the support A by a nut 70 cooperating with the flange 19 and screwed onto the thread 13 of the support A, a simple unscrewing of the nut D allowing the torch body assembly B to be extracted for a quick replacement of the latter.
  • the insulating casing 6 and the metal block 1 of the torch support A which has, here, a flat transverse underside 9 forming support for the bottom 21 of a cage to balls 45 forming the rear end of a block 46 of the torch body B which encloses a hollow electrode structure 280 projecting towards the rear and on the lower or front end of which is mounted the nozzle 36 surrounded, here , in a sealed manner by a skirt 20 'defining a part of a water cooling circuit, the water being introduced into a longitudinal passage 47 in the block 1, passing through a passage 48, aligned with the passage 47, in the block 46, as far as the cap 20 ′ to pass, via transverse passages 49, inside the electrode structure 280 and exit towards the top of block 1 by an outlet passage 50.
  • the electrode structure 280 extends upwards, beyond face 21, in a central stepped bore 51 of the block 1 comprising an electrical contact socket 52.
  • the electrode structure 280 further forms an intermediate piston structure 53 sliding in a central bore of the block 46, the front face of the piston 53 receiving, by aligned passages 54 in block 1 and 55 in block 46, a priming gas to separate the electrode 280 from the nozzle 36, a defusing gas being introduced, by a through passage, at 56, on the rear face of the piston 53 to bring back, at the end of use and at the start of reuse, the electrode 280 in contact with the nozzle 36 where the plasma gas arrives by passages opening radially, at 57, in the nozzle 36.
  • the fluid passages, such as 48 and 55, of the torch body B have sockets, such as 58 and 59, protruding beyond the face 21 and received sealed in the corresponding passages, such as 54, of the torch support.
  • the sleeve 58 of the cooling water supply circuit cooperates with a hollow rod 60 disposed in the water supply passage 47 to push back, in use, a shutter valve 61 resiliently biased in the closed position.
  • the water exhaust passage 50 comprises, at the outlet, a valve 62 normally urged elastically towards its closed position and open, in the assembled configuration, by the hollow upper end of the electrode structure 280. From this way, by disconnecting the torch body B from the torch support A, the valves 61 and 62 close again, thus avoiding the flow of water from the torch support A.
  • the cage 45 carries at least one ball 63 intended to cooperate, in the locking position, with an annular groove 64 formed at the periphery of the cylindrical front end of the block 1 and with a cylindrical sliding lock 65, forming a ramp, disposed in a chamber at the front end of the insulating casing 6 and biased in the locking position by a spring 66.
  • the torch body B comprises a sliding pusher 67 making it possible to reverse the lock 65 , against spring 66, during installation, by simple plugging in, and extraction of the torch body B.

Abstract

The torch comprises an integral torch body (B) assembly comprising a nozzle (36), a mobile electrode assembly (280) and a bearing face (21), a torch support (A) including the fluid supply circuits (47, 54) and a reference bearing face (9), and means (D) for rapid locking of the torch body (B) onto the torch support (A). <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne les torches de coupage plasma, du type comportant un corps de torche comprenant une électrode et une tuyère, et des moyens de montage et de raccordement du corps de torche.The present invention relates to plasma cutting torches, of the type comprising a torch body comprising an electrode and a nozzle, and means for mounting and connecting the torch body.

Les torches de coupage plasma comportent classiquement un corps de torche monobloc avec, à l'arrière, des raccordements à des canalisations d'alimentation en fluide et en énergie électrique et des moyens de fixation sur un bâti ou une machine de travail, et, à l'avant, des moyens de montage de l'électrode et de la tuyère. Le démontage de ces torches, pour des opérations d'entretien ou de remplacement des pièces usées ou défectueuses, nécessite des opérations de désassemblage et de remontage délicates et longues, qui immobilisent la machine de production pendant un temps important et qui obligent le plus souvent à procéder à de nouveaux réglages de positionnement de la torche avant de relancer la production.Plasma cutting torches conventionally comprise a one-piece torch body with, at the rear, connections to pipes for supplying fluid and electrical energy and means for fixing to a frame or a working machine, and, to the front, means for mounting the electrode and the nozzle. The disassembly of these torches, for maintenance operations or replacement of worn or defective parts, requires delicate and long disassembly and reassembly operations, which immobilize the production machine for a significant time and which most often require make new torch positioning adjustments before restarting production.

La présente invention a pour objet de proposer une nouvelle architecture de torche, à conception modulaire, permettant un remplacement rapide et aisé du corps de torche et/ou de ses éléments constitutifs et supprimant les problèmes de re-réglage de positionnement après remontage.The object of the present invention is to propose a new torch architecture, of modular design, allowing rapid and easy replacement of the torch body and / or of its constituent elements and eliminating the problems of re-adjustment of positioning after reassembly.

Pour ce faire, selon une caractéristique de l'invention, la torche comporte un support de torche définissant une première série de passages de fluides connectables à des circuits respectifs de fourniture desdits fluides et une première face d'appui, un ensemble unitaire de corps de torche comprenant l'électrode et la tuyère et comportant une deuxième série de passages de fluides et une deuxième face d'appui, et des moyens d'assemblage rapide pour assembler l'ensemble de corps de torche et le support de torche avec les première et deuxième faces d'appui en appui axial l'une contre l'autre et avec les passages de la première série communiquant avec les passages respectifs de la deuxième série.To do this, according to a characteristic of the invention, the torch comprises a torch support defining a first series of fluid passages connectable to respective circuits for supplying said fluids and a first support face, a unitary body of torch comprising the electrode and the nozzle and comprising a second series of fluid passages and a second bearing face, and quick assembly means for assembling the torch body assembly and the torch support with the first and second bearing faces in axial bearing against one another and with the passages of the first series communicating with the respective passages of the second series.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • au moins un des passages de fluide de la deuxième série comporte une partie d'extrémité faisant saillie par rapport à la deuxième face d'appui et destinée à être reçue dans un logement du support définissant une partie d'un passage de la première série ;
  • la première et la deuxième séries de passages comportent chacune :
       + un passage de gaz plasmagène,
       + au moins un passage de fluide de refroidissement,
  • l'ensemble de corps de torche comprend au moins un piston de déplacement relatif de l'électrode par rapport à la tuyère, les première et deuxième séries de passages comportant chacune au moins un passage de gaz d'actionnement du piston,
  • l'ensemble de corps de torche comprend un premier moyen à actionnement par fluide de maintien de l'électrode et, avantageusement, un deuxième moyen à actionnement par fluide de maintien de la tuyère.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • at least one of the fluid passages of the second series has an end portion projecting from the second bearing face and intended to be received in a housing of the support defining part of a passage of the first series;
  • the first and second series of passages each include:
    + a passage of plasma gas,
    + at least one coolant passage,
  • the torch body assembly comprises at least one piston for relative displacement of the electrode with respect to the nozzle, the first and second series of passages each comprising at least one passage for actuating gas from the piston,
  • the torch body assembly comprises a first means with actuation by fluid holding the electrode and, advantageously, a second means with actuation by fluid holding the nozzle.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention ressortiront de la description suivante de modes de réalisation, donnée à titre illustratif mais nullement limitatif, faite en relation avec les dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue schématique, en élévation, d'un premier mode de réalisation d'une torche selon l'invention ;
  • les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues en coupe longitudinale, du support de torche et du corps de torche de la torche de la figure 1, respectivement ; et

   la figure 4 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un deuxième mode de réalisation d'une torche selon l'invention.Other characteristics and advantages of the present invention will emerge from the following description of embodiments, given by way of illustration but in no way limiting, made in relation to the appended drawings, in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view, in elevation, of a first embodiment of a torch according to the invention;
  • Figures 2 and 3 are longitudinal sectional views of the torch holder and the torch body of the torch of Figure 1, respectively; and

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of a torch according to the invention.

Dans la description qui va suivre et sur les dessins, les éléments identiques ou analogues portent les mêmes chiffres de référence, éventuellement indicés.In the description which follows and in the drawings, identical or similar elements bear the same reference numbers, possibly indexed.

Une torche de coupage plasma selon l'invention comprend, de façon générale, un support de torche A, destiné à être monté sur un bâti de machine et sur une extrémité duquel est monté un ensemble unitaire de corps de torche B, le support de torche A comportant, à son extrémité opposée, une série C d'éléments de raccordement à des canalisations de fluide et à des lignes électriques.A plasma cutting torch according to the invention generally comprises a torch support A, intended to be mounted on a machine frame and on one end of which is mounted a unitary assembly of torch body B, the torch support A comprising, at its opposite end, a series C of elements for connection to fluid pipes and to power lines.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur les figures 1 à 3, le support de torche A comporte un bloc métallique 1, typiquement en laiton, comportant une succession d'alésages étagés de diamètres différents 2, 3, 4, 5 et entouré d'une enveloppe isolante 6. Dans l'alésage de plus grand diamètre 2 débouchent un passage d'amenée de gaz de refroidissement 7 et un passage d'amenée de gaz d'actionnement 8. Le raccordement entre les alésages 2 et 3 forme une face annulaire transversale 9 dans laquelle débouche un passage d'amenée d'un deuxième gaz d'actionnement 10. Dans l'alésage 3 débouche un passage 11 d'amenée d'un troisième gaz d'actionnement. Dans le fond de l'alésage 4 est montée une douille de contact électrique 5, l'alésage 4 communiquant avec une tubulure T d'amenée de gaz plasmagène. Le support A comporte, à son extrémité avant, une douille métallique 12 isolée du bloc 1 et comportant un filetage externe 13.In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the torch support A comprises a metal block 1, typically made of brass, comprising a succession of stepped bores of different diameters 2, 3, 4, 5 and surrounded by a insulating jacket 6. In the larger diameter bore 2 open a supply passage of cooling gas 7 and an actuating gas supply passage 8. The connection between the bores 2 and 3 forms a transverse annular face 9 into which opens a supply passage of a second actuation gas 10. In the bore 3 opens a passage 11 for supplying a third actuating gas. In the bottom of the bore 4 is mounted an electrical contact socket 5, the bore 4 communicating with a tube T for supplying plasma gas. The support A comprises, at its front end, a metal sleeve 12 isolated from the block 1 and comprising an external thread 13.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 3, le corps de torche B comprend un ensemble tubulaire métallique 14 comportant une partie arrière formant piston 15 coulissant dans un alésage interne 16 d'une chemise tubulaire métallique 17 pourvue de joints périphériques et destinée à être reçue dans le premier alésage 2 du support de torche A. La chemise 17 est solidarisée à un ensemble de jupe inférieur 18 dont l'extrémité supérieure forme une collerette 19 s'étendant radialement vers l'extérieur. Sur l'extrémité inférieure de l'ensemble de jupe 18 est montée une coiffe 20. L'ensemble tubulaire 14 est prolongé vers l'arrière par une partie cylindrique étagée destinée à être reçue à étanchéité dans les alésages arrière 3 et 4 du support de torche A. L'extrémité arrière de la chemise 17 forme une surface d'appui annulaire 21 venant porter contre la face annulaire 9 du support de torche A. Dans l'ensemble tubulaire 14 est monté de façon étanche un élément tubulaire 22 renfermant un ressort 23 sollicitant vers le bas un piston 24 coulissant de façon étanche dans l'élément tubulaire 22 et solidaire d'une tige creuse 25 s'étendant à coulissement étanche dans l'élément tubulaire 22 et dans un prolongement tubulaire 33 de l'ensemble 14, et portant, à son extrémité inférieure, une structure de pince à languettes longitudinales flexibles 26 formant moyen de verrouillage et de maintien d'une queue d'électrode creuse 27 portant à son extrémité inférieure une électrode creuse 28. La structure de pince 26 coopère avec un verrou de pince tubulaire extérieur 29 monté à coulissement sur la tige 25 et sollicité élastiquement vers le bas par un ressort 30. Le verrou 29 comporte au moins une saillie transversale 31 traversant une lumière oblongue 32 formée dans le prolongement tubulaire 33 de l'ensemble 14 et portant, à son extrémité inférieure, une structure de pince 34 à languettes longitudinales flexibles coopérant avec un anneau élastique périphérique 35 et formant moyen de maintien et de blocage d'une tuyère 36 dans laquelle s'étend l'électrode 28 et pourvue centralement d'un canal d'éjection de jet plasma 37.As can be seen in FIG. 3, the torch body B comprises a metallic tubular assembly 14 comprising a rear part forming a piston 15 sliding in an internal bore 16 of a metallic tubular jacket 17 provided with peripheral seals and intended to be received in the first bore 2 of the torch support A. The jacket 17 is secured to a lower skirt assembly 18, the upper end of which forms a collar 19 extending radially outwards. On the lower end of the skirt assembly 18 is mounted a cap 20. The tubular assembly 14 is extended towards the rear by a stepped cylindrical part intended to be received with sealing in the rear bores 3 and 4 of the support of torch A. The rear end of the jacket 17 forms an annular bearing surface 21 bearing against the annular face 9 of the torch support A. In the tubular assembly 14 is tightly mounted a tubular element 22 enclosing a spring 23 urging downward a piston 24 sliding in leaktight manner in the tubular element 22 and integral with a hollow rod 25 extending in leaktight sliding in the tubular element 22 and in a tubular extension 33 of the assembly 14, and carrying, at its lower end, a clamp structure with flexible longitudinal tabs 26 forming means for locking and holding a hollow electrode tail 27 carrying at its lower end Erieure a hollow electrode 28. The clamp structure 26 cooperates with an outer tubular clamp lock 29 slidably mounted on the rod 25 and resiliently biased downward by a spring 30. The lock 29 comprises at least one transverse projection 31 passing through a oblong opening 32 formed in the tubular extension 33 of the assembly 14 and carrying, at its lower end, a clamp structure 34 with flexible longitudinal tongues cooperating with a peripheral elastic ring 35 and forming means for holding and blocking a nozzle 36 in which the electrode 28 extends and provided centrally with a jet ejection channel plasma 37.

En position assemblée du corps de torche B dans le support A, le gaz plasmagène introduit dans l'alésage 4 traverse centralement le corps de torche B jusque dans l'électrode 28 d'où il passe à l'intérieur de la tuyère 36. Le gaz de refroidissement introduit dans le passage 7 pénètre, par des ouvertures transversales 38 dans la chemise 17 pour s'écouler jusque dans la jupe 20, autour de la tuyère 36. Un gaz de verrouillage, introduit par le passage 8, pénètre par des ouvertures transversales 39, dans l'alésage 16 pour repousser le piston 15 vers le haut et maintenir les pinces 26 et 34 en configuration d'engagement de la queue d'électrode 27 et de la tuyère 36, respectivement. La partie supérieure 40 de l'ensemble 14 forme, dans l'alésage 3, un piston de déverrouillage qui, lorsque du gaz de déverrouillage est introduit dans le fond de l'alésage 3 par le passage 11, repousse l'ensemble 14 vers le bas, dégageant ainsi la structure de pince 34 de l'anneau 35 et permettant l'extraction de la tuyère 36. Avant que le piston de déverrouillage 40 ne parvienne en fin de course, les saillies 31 viennent en butée sur un épaulement interne 41 de la chemise 17, libérant ainsi la pince 26 et permettant le dégagement de l'électrode 28. L'électrode 28 est normalement maintenue plaquée contre le fond de la tuyère 36 par le ressort 23. Pour réaliser l'allumage de l'arc, en début de phase de fonctionnement, du gaz d'amorçage est introduit par le passage 10 et pénètre, par des passages transversaux, 42 entre l'ensemble 14 et l'ensemble 22 jusque dans une chambre annulaire 43 en avant du piston 24 pour repousser ce dernier à l'encontre du ressort 23 et écarter ainsi l'électrode 28 de la tuyère 36 pour, dans un premier temps, amorcer l'arc et, par la suite, permettre l'échappement du gaz plasmagène depuis l'intérieur de la tuyère 36 vers l'extérieur, par le passage 37.In the assembled position of the torch body B in the support A, the plasma gas introduced into the bore 4 passes centrally through the torch body B as far as the electrode 28 from where it passes inside the nozzle 36. The cooling gas introduced into the passage 7 enters, through transverse openings 38 in the jacket 17 to flow into the skirt 20, around the nozzle 36. A locking gas, introduced through the passage 8, enters through openings transverse 39, in the bore 16 to push the piston 15 upwards and maintain the clamps 26 and 34 in the engagement configuration of the electrode tail 27 and the nozzle 36, respectively. The upper part 40 of the assembly 14 forms, in the bore 3, an unlocking piston which, when unlocking gas is introduced into the bottom of the bore 3 through the passage 11, pushes the assembly 14 towards the bottom, thus freeing the clamp structure 34 from the ring 35 and allowing the extraction of the nozzle 36. Before the unlocking piston 40 reaches the end of the race, the projections 31 come into abutment on an internal shoulder 41 of the jacket 17, thus releasing the clamp 26 and allowing the release of the electrode 28. The electrode 28 is normally kept pressed against the bottom of the nozzle 36 by the spring 23. To ignite the arc, by at the start of the operating phase, priming gas is introduced through passage 10 and enters, through transverse passages, 42 between assembly 14 and assembly 22 into an annular chamber 43 in front of piston 24 to repel this last against spring 23 and ec arter thus the electrode 28 of the nozzle 36 to, in a first time, strike the arc and, thereafter, allow the escape of the plasma gas from inside the nozzle 36 towards the outside, by the passage 37.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 1, le corps de torche B est maintenu verrouillé sur le support A par un écrou 70 coopérant avec la collerette 19 et vissé sur le filetage 13 du support A, un simple dévissage de l'écrou D permettant d'extraire l'ensemble de corps de torche B pour un remplacement rapide de ce dernier.As can be seen in FIG. 1, the torch body B is kept locked on the support A by a nut 70 cooperating with the flange 19 and screwed onto the thread 13 of the support A, a simple unscrewing of the nut D allowing the torch body assembly B to be extracted for a quick replacement of the latter.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 4, on retrouve l'enveloppe isolante 6 et le bloc métallique 1 du support de torche A, lequel présente, ici, une face inférieure transversale plane 9 formant appui pour le fond 21 d'une cage à billes 45 formant l'extrémité arrière d'un bloc 46 du corps de torche B qui renferme une structure d'électrode creuse 280 faisant saillie vers l'arrière et sur l'extrémité inférieure ou avant de laquelle est montée la tuyère 36 entourée, ici, de façon étanche par une jupe 20' définissant une partie d'un circuit de refroidissement à eau, l'eau étant introduite dans un passage longitudinal 47 dans le bloc 1, passant par un passage 48, aligné avec le passage 47, dans le bloc 46, jusque dans la coiffe 20' pour passer, via des passages transversaux 49, à l'intérieur de la structure d'électrode 280 et ressortir vers le haut du bloc 1 par un passage de sortie 50. La structure d'électrode 280 s'étend vers le haut, au-delà de la face 21, dans un alésage étagé central 51 du bloc 1 comportant une douille de contact électrique 52. La structure d'électrode 280 forme en outre une structure intermédiaire de piston 53 coulissant dans un alésage central du bloc 46, la face avant du piston 53 recevant, par des passages alignés 54 dans le bloc 1 et 55 dans le bloc 46, un gaz d'amorçage pour écarter l'électrode 280 de la tuyère 36, un gaz de désamorçage étant introduit, par un passage débouchant, en 56, sur la face arrière du piston 53 pour ramener, en fin d'utilisation et en début de réutilisation, l'électrode 280 en contact avec la tuyère 36 où le gaz plasmagène parvient par des passages débouchant radialement, en 57, dans la tuyère 36.In the embodiment of Figure 4, there is the insulating casing 6 and the metal block 1 of the torch support A, which has, here, a flat transverse underside 9 forming support for the bottom 21 of a cage to balls 45 forming the rear end of a block 46 of the torch body B which encloses a hollow electrode structure 280 projecting towards the rear and on the lower or front end of which is mounted the nozzle 36 surrounded, here , in a sealed manner by a skirt 20 'defining a part of a water cooling circuit, the water being introduced into a longitudinal passage 47 in the block 1, passing through a passage 48, aligned with the passage 47, in the block 46, as far as the cap 20 ′ to pass, via transverse passages 49, inside the electrode structure 280 and exit towards the top of block 1 by an outlet passage 50. The electrode structure 280 extends upwards, beyond face 21, in a central stepped bore 51 of the block 1 comprising an electrical contact socket 52. The electrode structure 280 further forms an intermediate piston structure 53 sliding in a central bore of the block 46, the front face of the piston 53 receiving, by aligned passages 54 in block 1 and 55 in block 46, a priming gas to separate the electrode 280 from the nozzle 36, a defusing gas being introduced, by a through passage, at 56, on the rear face of the piston 53 to bring back, at the end of use and at the start of reuse, the electrode 280 in contact with the nozzle 36 where the plasma gas arrives by passages opening radially, at 57, in the nozzle 36.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 4, les passages de fluides, tels que 48 et 55, du corps de torche B, comportent des douilles, telles que 58 et 59, faisant saillie au-delà de la face 21 et reçues à étanchéité dans les passages correspondants, tels 54, du support de torche. La douille 58 du circuit d'amenée d'eau de refroidissement coopère avec une tige creuse 60 disposée dans le passage d'amenée d'eau 47 pour repousser, en utilisation, un clapet d'obturation 61 sollicité élastiquement en position de fermeture. De façon similaire, le passage d'échappement d'eau 50 comporte, en sortie, un clapet 62 normalement sollicité élastiquement vers sa position de fermeture et ouvert, en configuration assemblée, par l'extrémité supérieure, creuse, de la structure d'électrode 280. De cette façon, en déconnectant le corps de torche B du support de torche A, les clapets 61 et 62 se referment, évitant ainsi les écoulements d'eau depuis le support de torche A.As seen in Figure 4, the fluid passages, such as 48 and 55, of the torch body B, have sockets, such as 58 and 59, protruding beyond the face 21 and received sealed in the corresponding passages, such as 54, of the torch support. The sleeve 58 of the cooling water supply circuit cooperates with a hollow rod 60 disposed in the water supply passage 47 to push back, in use, a shutter valve 61 resiliently biased in the closed position. In the same way, the water exhaust passage 50 comprises, at the outlet, a valve 62 normally urged elastically towards its closed position and open, in the assembled configuration, by the hollow upper end of the electrode structure 280. From this way, by disconnecting the torch body B from the torch support A, the valves 61 and 62 close again, thus avoiding the flow of water from the torch support A.

Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 4, la cage 45 porte au moins une bille 63 destinée à coopérer, en position de blocage, avec une gorge annulaire 64 formée à la périphérie de l'extrémité avant cylindrique du bloc 1 et avec un verrou cylindrique coulissant 65, formant rampe, disposé dans une chambre de l'extrémité avant de l'enveloppe isolante 6 et sollicité en position de verrouillage par un ressort 66. Le corps de torche B comporte un poussoir coulissant 67 permettant de reculer le verrou 65, à l'encontre du ressort 66, lors de la mise en place, par simple enfichage, et de l'extraction du corps de torche B.In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the cage 45 carries at least one ball 63 intended to cooperate, in the locking position, with an annular groove 64 formed at the periphery of the cylindrical front end of the block 1 and with a cylindrical sliding lock 65, forming a ramp, disposed in a chamber at the front end of the insulating casing 6 and biased in the locking position by a spring 66. The torch body B comprises a sliding pusher 67 making it possible to reverse the lock 65 , against spring 66, during installation, by simple plugging in, and extraction of the torch body B.

Quoique la présente invention ait été décrite en relation avec des modes de réalisation particuliers, elle ne s'en trouve pas limitée pour autant mais est au contraire susceptible de modifications et de variantes qui apparaîtront à l'homme de l'art.Although the present invention has been described in relation to particular embodiments, it is not limited thereby, but is on the contrary subject to modifications and variants which will appear to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

Torche de coupage plasma, comportant un corps de torche comprenant une électrode et une tuyère, et des moyens de montage et de raccordement du corps de torche, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte : - un support de torche (A) définissant une première série de passages de fluides (7, 8, 10, 4, 47, 50, 54) connectables à des circuits respectifs desdits fluides et une première face d'appui (9) ; - un ensemble unitaire de corps de torche (B) comprenant l'électrode (28, 280) et la tuyère (36) et comportant une deuxième série de passages de fluides (25, 27, 38, 39, 42, 48, 49, 55, 56) et une deuxième face d'appui (21) ; et - des moyens d'assemblage rapide (D) pour assembler l'ensemble de corps de torche au support de corps de torche avec les première et deuxième faces d'appui en appui axial l'une contre l'autre et avec les passages de la première série communiquant avec les passages respectifs de la deuxième série. Plasma cutting torch, comprising a torch body comprising an electrode and a nozzle, and means for mounting and connecting the torch body, characterized in that it comprises: - a torch support (A) defining a first series of fluid passages (7, 8, 10, 4, 47, 50, 54) connectable to respective circuits of said fluids and a first bearing face (9); - a unitary torch body assembly (B) comprising the electrode (28, 280) and the nozzle (36) and comprising a second series of fluid passages (25, 27, 38, 39, 42, 48, 49, 55, 56) and a second bearing face (21); and - rapid assembly means (D) for assembling the torch body assembly to the torch body support with the first and second bearing faces in axial support against one another and with the passages of the first series communicating with the respective passages of the second series. Torche selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un des passages de fluide de la deuxième série comporte une partie d'extrémité (40, 58, 59) faisant saillie par rapport à la deuxième face d'appui (21) et destinée à être reçue dans un logement (3 ; 47, 54) du support de torche (A) définissant une partie d'un passage de la première série.Torch according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the fluid passages of the second series has an end portion (40, 58, 59) projecting from the second bearing face (21) and intended to be received in a housing (3; 47, 54) of the torch support (A) defining part of a passage of the first series. Torche selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que la première et la deuxième séries de passages comportent chacune un passage de gaz plasmagène (4 ; 57).Torch according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the first and the second series of passages each comprise a passage of plasma gas (4; 57). Torche selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que la première et la deuxième séries de passages comportent chacune au moins un passage de fluide de refroidissement (7, 38 ; 47, 50, 48, 55).Torch according to claim 3, characterized in that the first and the second series of passages each comprise at least one cooling fluid passage (7, 38; 47, 50, 48, 55). Torche selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble de corps de torche (B) comprend au moins un piston (24 ; 53) de déplacement de l'électrode (28, 280) par rapport à la tuyère (36), les première et deuxième séries de passages comportant chacune au moins un passage (10 ; 42 ; 54 ; 55, 56) de gaz d'actionnement du piston.Torch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the torch body assembly (B) comprises at least one piston (24; 53) for displacement of the electrode (28, 280) relative to the nozzle ( 36), the first and second series of passages each comprising at least one passage (10; 42; 54; 55, 56) for actuating the piston. Torche selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble de corps de torche (B) comprend un premier moyen à actionnement par fluide (26, 15) de maintien déverrouillable de l'électrode (28).Torch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the torch body assembly (B) comprises a first fluid actuated means (26, 15) for releasably holding the electrode (28). Torche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que l'ensemble de corps de torche (B) comprend un deuxième moyen à actionnement par fluide (34, 15) de maintien déverrouillable de la tuyère (36).Torch according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the torch body assembly (B) comprises a second fluid-actuated means (34, 15) for unlocking the nozzle (36). Torche selon la revendication 2 et la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le passage de refroidissement (47 ; 50) de la première série de passages comprend au moins un clapet (61 ; 62) actionnable par la partie d'extrémité en saillie (58 ; 280) d'un passage de la deuxième série de passages.Torch according to claim 2 and claim 4, characterized in that the cooling passage (47; 50) of the first series of passages comprises at least one valve (61; 62) actuable by the projecting end part (58 ; 280) of a passage from the second series of passages. Torche selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'assemblage (D) comprennent un écrou (70).Torch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the assembly means (D) comprise a nut (70). Torche selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que les moyens d'assemblage (D) sont du type à verrouillage rapide à cage à bille (45, 63, 65).Torch according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the assembly means (D) are of the quick-lock type with ball cage (45, 63, 65).
EP93402814A 1992-11-20 1993-11-19 Plasma cutting torch Expired - Lifetime EP0599709B2 (en)

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FR9213955 1992-11-20
FR9213955A FR2698301B1 (en) 1992-11-20 1992-11-20 Plasma cutting torch.

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EP0599709A1 true EP0599709A1 (en) 1994-06-01
EP0599709B1 EP0599709B1 (en) 1997-06-04
EP0599709B2 EP0599709B2 (en) 2005-04-06

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EP (1) EP0599709B2 (en)
JP (1) JPH06198450A (en)
AU (1) AU671492B2 (en)
DE (1) DE69311271T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2102624T5 (en)
FR (1) FR2698301B1 (en)

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CN107073625A (en) * 2014-07-23 2017-08-18 海别得公司 Signalling arrangement is configured in heat treatment system
CN107073625B (en) * 2014-07-23 2020-09-01 海别得公司 Configuring a signaling device in a thermal processing system
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FR3042430A1 (en) * 2015-10-15 2017-04-21 Air Liquide Welding France ELECTRIC ARC WELDING OR CUTTING TORCH WITH FAST ASSEMBLY SYSTEM
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5075893A (en) 1994-06-02
DE69311271D1 (en) 1997-07-10
FR2698301A1 (en) 1994-05-27
JPH06198450A (en) 1994-07-19
DE69311271T2 (en) 1997-10-30
US5409164A (en) 1995-04-25
DE69311271T3 (en) 2005-12-29
EP0599709B2 (en) 2005-04-06
ES2102624T5 (en) 2005-10-16
AU671492B2 (en) 1996-08-29
ES2102624T3 (en) 1997-08-01
EP0599709B1 (en) 1997-06-04
FR2698301B1 (en) 1994-12-23

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