EP0598463B1 - Process and apparatus for conveying and for laying continuous filaments bundle with air force - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for conveying and for laying continuous filaments bundle with air force Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0598463B1
EP0598463B1 EP93250289A EP93250289A EP0598463B1 EP 0598463 B1 EP0598463 B1 EP 0598463B1 EP 93250289 A EP93250289 A EP 93250289A EP 93250289 A EP93250289 A EP 93250289A EP 0598463 B1 EP0598463 B1 EP 0598463B1
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Prior art keywords
channel
gas flow
filaments
area
threads
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EP93250289A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0598463A1 (en
EP0598463B2 (en
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Lüder Dr.-Ing. Gerking
Friedrich Dr.-Ing. Weger
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Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH
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Karl Fischer Industrieanlagen GmbH
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H3/011Polyesters
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/007Addition polymers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04HMAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for conveying and depositing sheets of endless threads according to the preamble of the main claim and the subordinate claim as is known for example from DE-A-4 014 989.
  • the conveying of endless threads is widely used, for example, in the production of spunbonded fabrics, where threads are drawn off from a spinneret by means of air currents and deposited directly into a nonwoven.
  • Numerous methods for producing these spunbonded nonwovens have become known, which differ on the one hand in whether thread bundles are spun out from round nozzles or thread sheets from longitudinal nozzles and on the other hand in the generation of the air streams, their guidance and, as a rule, mostly simultaneous use for depositing the threads a catchment belt, the so-called fleece laying.
  • slot channels have the disadvantage that, on the one hand, they require a high degree of manufacturing accuracy, since the slot widths are usually less than 1 mm, and that they change over time due to contamination or damage, for example when the contamination is removed. Due to the adherence of dirt or nicks in the sensitive and expensive slot lips, there are speed differences in the air flowing across the width of the channel. This leads to irregularities in the group of threads being conveyed, because areas of higher speed guide the threads to an increased extent because a thread that is there once has got in, does not get back into areas of lower speed or only by a side movement forced from the outside.
  • the flue then consists of a narrowed part of the pressurized encapsulated space in the form of two closely opposed walls, closed by end walls that can run parallel or can expand in cross-section (diffuser) or narrow and then expand (Venturi).
  • a further possibility of generating and guiding the air streams pulling the threads is that the space between the lower edge of the discharge channel (or the narrowed part of the described encapsulated space functioning as such) and the storage surface is encapsulated by the surrounding atmosphere and below the storage surface is suctioned off (DE-PS 34 01 639). This requires sliding or rubbing seals between the end of the duct and the shelf and between it and the suction lines underneath.
  • the upper part can also be encapsulated and can receive targeted air for cooling the threads and supplying them to the channel, but the area between the spinneret and channel can also remain open to the atmosphere.
  • a higher thread speed is also desirable in the course of increasing throughput and the economy of the process. It has its limits in fleece laying.
  • the higher the air speed the higher the turbulence between the flue and the belt.
  • ambient air is sucked in through the free jets below the exhaust duct.
  • the strong degree brings the delay of the flow leaving the channel on the way to the catchment area due to the accumulation, a high degree of unregulated flow, partly with backflow and strong re-whirling of the threads from the deposit area.
  • the separation-free flow is particularly difficult to achieve in a flat diffuser because there are disturbances from the front wall boundary layers and there is often one-sided detachment on the longitudinal surfaces with a crooked flow profile and thus an uneven distribution of the threads over the channel.
  • the conditions are somewhat better for round diffuser channels, but here too only a limited expansion is possible; one expects a maximum of 7 ° extension angle.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus with which coulters of endless threads or essentially endless threads are drawn at high speed by air currents, which can generally also be gas or steam currents, and uniformly without thread bundling or twisting a storage area can be stored.
  • the channel has a high pulling effect on the threads in this area, but due to the side suction, the high air velocities when laying and no secondary currents acting on the side are no longer present, because the entire pulling and laying area up to the storage area is encapsulated from the environment is.
  • the seal of the constantly moving storage surface be it a screen belt or a drum, opposite the channel and the suction chamber below the storage surface is created in a known manner by moving rollers, sliding or moving surfaces or brushes, also by labyrinth seals, which can contain sealing gas flows.
  • the channel can be kept quite narrow, for example 2 to 4 mm, in order to reduce the amount of air sucked in and thus the energy consumption, because the force of the thread is only dependent on the size of the speed.
  • the channel width and also the amount and thickness of the threads and an operational safety surcharge to avoid strikes on the wall are determined.
  • the threads which emerge from the spinneret in a molten state, are usually cooled in a known manner by cross-blowing and enter the channel in solidified form.
  • the area above the duct is preferably not closed off from the ambient air, so that the blowing air is only partially from that Channel is sucked in, but spinning smoke, which could contaminate the channel, can be blown off laterally above.
  • the suction takes place in a parallel or essentially parallel lower channel part, in that porous surfaces or individual holes are provided there.
  • the speed of the air flowing laterally through the surfaces only has to be below the speed of the air in the direction down through the channel. It is then possible to reduce the speed by dissipating mass without influencing the boundary layer, as has become known by suction or blowing in to provide impulses in aerodynamics and in the case of diffuser flows, for example in DE-PS 38 07 420. It is different with the diffuser, where the speed is reduced while maintaining the mass but by expanding the cross-section.
  • the air extracted from the side can be sucked in by the same fan, which also draws off below the shelf. It can also be carried out by separate blowers or other suction devices. The extracted air can be fed back into the spinning room from the suction devices for air equalization, if this is not ensured in any other way.
  • the channel can widen to a storage chamber at the end of the parallel part.
  • Baffles can be placed in such a shock diffuser and the threads can be laid down to a uniform fleece at far lower air velocities than were used in the drawn part above.
  • a first extension can already be provided in the lower area of the duct, which is then followed by the extension into the storage chamber.
  • the suction chambers on the side of the duct wall can communicate with the laying room by completely or partially returning the extracted air to the main circuit there, however generally without acting directly on the coulter.
  • threads 3 emerge in a spinneret 1 having a rectangular cross-section 1 in rows parallel to one another in rows 2 as a group of threads and are cooled by a side blowing device 4 by air conditioned in general according to temperature and humidity.
  • a negative pressure is generated in the channel 5, which is caused by a suction device (blower, compressor or jet pump), which is arranged underneath a storage surface designed as a perforated drum 7 in the exemplary embodiment, illustrated by the arrows 8 and 9.
  • the ambient air is strongly accelerated by the negative pressure when entering the exhaust duct 5 and then flows at high speed through an upper region of the exhaust duct 5, referred to as the drawing part 10, which is designed as a parallel duct and merges into a lower region, which is also parallel .
  • the walls of this area 11 have openings 26 which open into chambers 13.
  • the air from the free duct cross section 12 is sucked off via the openings 26 and chambers 13 according to the arrows 14a and 14b by a suction device, which is also not shown here.
  • Some or all of the lateral suction from the channel region 11 can also be carried out by the suction device illustrated in its effect by the arrows 8 and 9.
  • the openings 26 in the channel walls are designed as round holes, but they can also have a different cross section.
  • a porous material for the channel wall in the lower region 11 rial are used, which allows the air in certain amounts.
  • the chambers 13 can consist of different segments which are arranged one above the other over the height of the lower region 11. They either serve to equalize the suction or to form different partial flows sucked in from the side. To the extent that air is extracted from the side, the speed of the main flow in the exhaust duct 5 is reduced. The speed of the part of the air flow sucked off laterally through the openings at the respective extraction point must be lower than the speed of the main flow there.
  • the lower channel area 11 opens into the laying space 16, in which there is a sudden widening of the cross section of the parallel channel with the free cross section 12.
  • the speed of the air has been greatly reduced by the side suction and the threads in the laying space 16 are at a much lower speed than in the upper one Pulled part 10 deposited on the storage surface 15.
  • the air speed at the end of the take-off channel 5, arrow 17e may have dropped to the thread speed and also somewhat below it. Then it continues to degrade and the threads accumulate in curved paths and intertwine with each other, which ends in the fleece tray.
  • This initiation of the entanglement of the threads to form a tangled nonwoven can already begin in the lower region 11 of the channel if the accompanying air flow is less than the thread speed in the drawing part 10.
  • a suction area 18 is separated below the laying space 16 within the drum 7, the sealing of the negative pressure areas laying space 16 and suction area 18 with respect to the drum being schematically indicated here only in a roller 19 at the outlet of the fleece 20 produced and abrasive surfaces 21a, 21b, 21c .
  • the fleece is fed along the arrow 22 for further treatment such as consolidation and then continuously rolled up.
  • the goal of letting the highest possible forces act on the thread can be further increased by pivoting stretching rollers or rollers 23a, 23b in a known manner above the channel 5 into the sheet of thread pulled off the channel 5.
  • the pulling action on the thread is increased by the frictional forces on the rollers 23a, 23b due to the frictional action on the wrapped rolls in accordance with the mode of action of a cable drive, and there is a combined mechanical-aerodynamic drawing of the threads.
  • a pair of rollers several can also be arranged one above the other, advantageously in such a way that the rollers 23a, 23b are initially horizontally next to one another at the same height (shown in dashed lines in FIG.
  • the pair of rollers is rotated by up to about 270 ° and the drive of the rollers with essentially the same speed - the second roller can have a somewhat higher peripheral speed due to the drive speed or larger diameter at the same speed - also exerts a force effect onto the thread with the purpose of higher stretching in the lower thread formation area 24.
  • the device and the method for producing spunbonded nonwovens with this device is not limited to endless threads. Threads which have a finite length can also be supplied to the duct through accompanying air streams and can then be subjected in the same way to a pulling action on portions of the threads. Such methods have become known as meltblown threads, with hot air streams emerging in addition to the melt openings.
  • the threads can be endlessly long or they tear off from time to time and form a spectrum of irregularly long fibers.
  • the advantages of the device according to the invention are particularly evident in the production of spunbonded nonwovens as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown.
  • the suction of the practically undisturbed air into the duct 5 from the area below the cooling zone results in a very even flow in the upper duct region, the drawing part 10.
  • the air speed in the drawing part 10 can be in the range of 10,000 m / min and above - theoretically up to the speed of sound of about 18,000 m / min, practically a lot less.
  • the parallel path of the threads is not or is not significantly disturbed.
  • a slight constriction of the bundle of threads stems from the boundary layers building up on the end faces of the channel 5, which are alleviated or completely eliminated by known measures of influencing the boundary layer can be.
  • This can be done both by blowing in, ie supplying pulse energy into the boundary layers and by suction according to the state of the art in this field.
  • the filing of the threads and the preforming of their entanglement to form a tangled position of the threads with one another takes place at a much lower speed than that prevailing in the drawn part 10, thereby preventing strong turbulence which leads to thread bundles and twists which have an adverse effect as strands in the fleece.
  • the aim is to obtain the best possible coverage (opacity) of the surface by placing threads as evenly as possible, and that means that they are separated from one another, in order to make the best possible use of the spinning raw material.
  • the energy expenditure compared to the processes of spunbonded nonwoven production according to the prior art is significantly lower, since practically no secondary air quantities only burden the air circulation, but do not cause anything to stretch the thread and lay the fleece become.
  • the laying of the threads can be partially coupled to the suction on the lower side surfaces of the channel 5, in that the suction below the storage surface 15 communicates directly with the chambers 13, illustrated by arrows 25a and 25b. Nevertheless, the zone between the spinneret 1 and the draw-off channel 5 is open for cleaning the spinneret 1, and additional mechanical stretching is also to be accommodated there, and is also advantageously accessible in operational terms.
  • the nozzle and the subsequent units thus extend, as shown in FIG.
  • rollers 23a, 23b can be supported on both sides with the desired large fleece width, unlike in the case of stretching with godets of thread bundles or narrow thread strips or coulters mounted on one side, the rollers rotating at different speeds for the stretching.
  • pivotable rollers or rollers can be provided at approximately the same speed, which help pull the thread in the form of a cable drive, in addition to the aerodynamic frictional forces in the channel.
  • the length of the cooling surface (height of the blowing cassette) was 800 mm.
  • the inlet cross-section of the draw-off channel was located at a distance of about 200 mm, the width of which was 4 mm and the thread sliver width was 8 mm longer on each side.
  • the length of the parallel drawn part was 420 mm, including the suction part, ie the lower area of the channel, started with a total length of 250 mm.
  • the side suction was carried out through individual holes in the duct wall with different diameters between 2 and 8 mm. Porous sintered metal surfaces were also used, but these did not change the procedural result. It could be observed through the partially transparent channel walls that the threads moved downward in essentially parallel paths over the entire pulling and suction part of the channel.
  • the suction was set to different degrees from an air speed about twice as high as the thread speed at the transition of the parallel suction part into the sudden expansion of the laying room up to speeds there slightly below the thread speed. In the latter case, the threads started to move in serpentine paths, which then increased sharply in the sudden expansion.
  • the negative pressure in the laying room 16 was 1050 mm WS, corresponding to approximately 105 mbar with respect to the atmosphere.
  • the laying space 16 was sealed against a rotating drum by means of sealing elements, as are described in detail.
  • the constriction of the thread coulter in the lower part was only a few mm with the effect that a fleece of a width of approximately 200 mm was formed compared to the original thread coulter width of 200 mm, with a slightly reinforced outer edge.
  • the threads had an average thickness of 1.7 dtex, corresponding to about 17 ⁇ m, the strength was 2.6 cN / dtex, the elongation and the strength when the threads broke measured 107% in the tear test, the boiling shrinkage was below 3%; all thread values were determined according to the relevant DIN regulations.
  • Nonwovens in the range from 6 to 80 g / m 2 were set as a storage surface by changing the peripheral speed of the drum accordingly.
  • the drum consisted of a perforated surface with woven wire mesh.
  • the basis weight distribution was scattered with a coefficient of variation of less than 8%, for heavy nonwovens significantly less than 4%.
  • the negative pressure in storage space 16 was 850 mm water pressure, corresponding to approximately 85 mbar.
  • the threads had an average thickness of 1.6 dtex, corresponding to approximately 18 ⁇ m.
  • the nonwovens produced were in the range from 6 to 35 g / m 2 and had a coefficient of variation of the basis weight distribution of less than 10 or less than 6%.
  • the fleece was lifted from the drum and fed to a calender, in which the fleece was solidified point by point between a heated roller provided with corrugations (truncated pyramid shape) and then rolled up.
  • the device according to the invention has so far been shown in the production of spunbonded nonwovens.
  • Another area of application is the conveying of threads and thread beds, the speed of the storage surface being of the order of magnitude of the thread speed.
  • Another application is generally in the conveyance of threads with air at high speed and the separation of the air, where this should not be associated with high turbulence generation at the same time.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Förderung und Ablage von Scharen endloser Fäden nach dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs und des nebengenordneten Anspruchs wie dies beispielsweise aus der DE-A-4 014 989 bekannt ist.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for conveying and depositing sheets of endless threads according to the preamble of the main claim and the subordinate claim as is known for example from DE-A-4 014 989.

Die Förderung von endlosen Fäden findet beispielsweise breite Anwendung bei der Herstellung von Spinnvliesen, wo aus einer Spinndüse Fäden vermittels Luftströmen abgezogen und direkt zu einem Vlies abgelegt werden. Es sind zahlreiche Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Spinnvliesen bekanntgeworden, die sich zum einen darin unterscheiden, ob Fadenbündel aus Runddüsen oder Fadenscharen aus Längsdüsen ausgesponnen werden und zum anderen in der Erzeugung der Luftströme, ihrer Führung und in der Regel meist gleichzeitigen Verwendung zur Ablage der Fäden auf einem Auffangband, der sogenannten Vlieslegung.The conveying of endless threads is widely used, for example, in the production of spunbonded fabrics, where threads are drawn off from a spinneret by means of air currents and deposited directly into a nonwoven. Numerous methods for producing these spunbonded nonwovens have become known, which differ on the one hand in whether thread bundles are spun out from round nozzles or thread sheets from longitudinal nozzles and on the other hand in the generation of the air streams, their guidance and, as a rule, mostly simultaneous use for depositing the threads a catchment belt, the so-called fleece laying.

Es ist bekannt, Fadenscharen aus Längsdüsen, auch Rechteckdüsen genannt, auszuspinnen und sie in voller Breite dem Auffangband zuzuführen. Demgegenüber haben zu Bündeln zusammengefaßte Fäden den Nachteil, daß sie nach dem Abzugsorgan, meist ein runder Injektorkanal, wieder ausgebreitet werden müssen, um zu einer möglichst gleichmäßigen Ablage der Fäden zu gelangen.It is known to spin sheets from longitudinal nozzles, also called rectangular nozzles, and to feed them in full width to the catch belt. In contrast, threads combined into bundles have the disadvantage that they have to be spread out again after the take-off element, usually a round injector channel, in order to ensure that the threads are deposited as evenly as possible.

Bei der Erzeugung der die Fäden ziehenden Luftströme sind entsprechend den bereits genannten Injektorkanälen auch solche für Fadenscharen bekanntgeworden. In einen rechteckigen Kanal, der in seinem oberen Teil an den zwei gegenüberliegenden Längsseiten Schlitze hat, wird durch die Schlitze Luft, in Ausnahmefällen auch ein anderes Gas, hindurchgedrückt und durchströmt den Kanal nach unten (DE-PS 19 65 054). Dabei wird je nach Schlitzkonfiguration und Druckverhältnissen ein bestimmter Teil der umgebenden Atmosphäre, meist auch Luft, oben in den Kanal mit eingesaugt. Die Fäden treten ebenfalls oben in den Kanal ein, wobei sich diese Sekundärluftzuströmung zum Kanal hin vorteilhaft für das Einfädeln erweist. Diese Schlitzkanäle haben den Nachteil, daß sie zum einen eine hohe Fertigungsgenauigkeit erfordern, denn es handelt sich meistens um Schlitzweiten von unter 1 mm, und daß sie sich im Laufe der Zeit durch Verschmutzung oder Beschädigung, zum Beispiel bei Behebung der Verschmutzung, verändern. Durch das Anhaften von Schmutz oder Scharten in den empfindlichen und in der Herstellung teuren Schlitzlippen ergeben sich Geschwindigkeitsunterschiede in der über die Breite des Kanals strömenden Luft. Das zieht Ungleichmäßigkeiten in der geförderten Fadenschar nach sich, indem nämlich Bereiche höherer Geschwindigkeit die Fäden in vermehrtem Maße führen, weil ein Faden, der einmaldort hineingelangt ist, nicht oder nur durch eine von außen erzwungene Seitenbewegung wieder in Bereiche geringerer Geschwindigkeit gelangt.When generating the air streams pulling the threads, those for thread groups have also become known in accordance with the injector channels already mentioned. In a rectangular channel, which has slots in its upper part on the two opposite longitudinal sides, air is pressed through the slots, in exceptional cases also another gas, and flows down the channel (DE-PS 19 65 054). Depending on the slot configuration and pressure conditions, a certain part of the surrounding atmosphere, usually also air, is sucked into the duct at the top. The threads also enter the channel at the top, this secondary air inflow toward the channel proving to be advantageous for threading. These slot channels have the disadvantage that, on the one hand, they require a high degree of manufacturing accuracy, since the slot widths are usually less than 1 mm, and that they change over time due to contamination or damage, for example when the contamination is removed. Due to the adherence of dirt or nicks in the sensitive and expensive slot lips, there are speed differences in the air flowing across the width of the channel. This leads to irregularities in the group of threads being conveyed, because areas of higher speed guide the threads to an increased extent because a thread that is there once has got in, does not get back into areas of lower speed or only by a side movement forced from the outside.

Ein anderer Weg besteht darin, die Strömung durch Absaugen zu erzeugen statt Hineindrücken (Textiltechnik 23 (1973) S. 82-87). Dabei wird unterhalb eines Auffangbandes abgesaugt und die Fäden fallen frei durch Schwerkraft in einen Trichter oberhalb des Bandes und werden dort von der Saugströmung gezogen.Another way is to generate the flow by suction instead of pushing it in (Textiltechnik 23 (1973) pp. 82-87). It is sucked off below a collecting belt and the threads fall freely by gravity into a funnel above the belt and are drawn there by the suction flow.

Wieder eine andere Möglichkeit besteht darin, den Raum zwischen Spinndüse und Kanal vollständig zu kapseln und die Luft in einem gehörigen Abstand zum Kanal von seitlich oberhalb desselben hineinzudrücken, um die geschilderten Nachteile der Schlitze zu vermeiden (US-PS 4 340 563). Der Abzugskanal besteht dann aus einem verengten Teil des unter Überdruck stehenden gekapselten Raumes in Form zweier eng gegenüberstehender Wände, geschlossen durch Stirnwände, die parallel verlaufen können oder sich im Querschnitt erweitern können (Diffusor) oder sich verengen und anschließend sich erweitern (Venturi) können.Yet another possibility is to completely encapsulate the space between the spinneret and the channel and to push the air in from the side above the channel at a proper distance from the channel in order to avoid the disadvantages of the slots described (US Pat. No. 4,340,563). The flue then consists of a narrowed part of the pressurized encapsulated space in the form of two closely opposed walls, closed by end walls that can run parallel or can expand in cross-section (diffuser) or narrow and then expand (Venturi).

Eine weitere Möglichkeit der Erzeugung und Führung der die Fäden ziehenden Luftströme besteht darin, daß der Raum zwischen der Unterkante des Abzugskanals (bzw. des als solchen fungierenden verengten Teils des beschriebenen gekapselten Raumes) und der Ablagefläche von der umgebenden Atmosphäre abgekapselt wird und unterhalb der Ablagefläche abgesaugt wird (DE-PS 34 01 639). Das erfordert gleitende oder reibende Dichtungen zwischen dem Kanalende und der Ablagefläche und zwischen ihr und den Absaugeleitungen darunter. Dabei kann der obere Teil ebenfalls gekapselt sein und gezielt Luft zur Abkühlung der Fäden und zur Zufuhr an den Kanal erhalten, der Bereich zwischen Spinndüse und Kanal kann aber auch frei zur Atmosphäre geöffnet bleiben.A further possibility of generating and guiding the air streams pulling the threads is that the space between the lower edge of the discharge channel (or the narrowed part of the described encapsulated space functioning as such) and the storage surface is encapsulated by the surrounding atmosphere and below the storage surface is suctioned off (DE-PS 34 01 639). This requires sliding or rubbing seals between the end of the duct and the shelf and between it and the suction lines underneath. The upper part can also be encapsulated and can receive targeted air for cooling the threads and supplying them to the channel, but the area between the spinneret and channel can also remain open to the atmosphere.

Diese beschriebenen Vorrichtungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Spinnvliesen haben zwar nicht den Nachteil der sich als empfindliche Geometrie über die Zeit verändernden Schlitze, sie finden aber eine Begrenzung zu hohen Geschwindigkeiten hin. Hohe Luftgeschwindigkeiten werden benötigt, um eine möglichst hohe molekulare Orientierung der Fäden durch Verziehen unterhalb der Spinndüse bis zu ihrer Erstarrung zu erreichen. Besonders ist das der Fall bei Fäden aus Polyester, während bei Polypropylen ohnehin mit reinem Luftabzug keine hohen Festigkeiten und geringen Dehnungen, wie sie Polykondensate ermöglichen, erhalten werden können, sie aber auch bei den meisten Anwendungsfällen im hygienischen und medizinischen Bereich nicht braucht. Bei Geotextilien aus Polypropylen werden jedoch höhere Festigkeiten als bisher gewünscht und es bleibt dann nur die zusätzliche mechanische Verstreckung, wobei wieder Luftströme die Vlieslegung vornehmen können. Außerdem ist eine höhere Fadengeschwindigkeit auch im Zuge der Durchsatzsteigerung und der Wirtschaftlichkeit des Verfahrens erwünscht. Sie hat ihre Grenzen in der Vlieslegung. Je höher die Luftgeschwindigkeit ist, desto höher ist die Turbulenz zwischen Abzugskanal und Auffangband. Zudem wird durch die Freistrahlen unterhalb des Abzugskanals Umgebungsluft angesaugt. Es kommt zu einem erhöhten, das gesamte Verfahren beladenden Luftumsatz, und es werden durch die Vermischung weitere Turbulenzen erzeugt. Außerdem bringt der starke Grad der Verzögerung der den Kanal verlassenden Strömung auf dem Weg zur Auffangfläche hin durch den Aufstau ein hohes Maß von ungeregelter Strömung, teilweise mit Rückströmung und starkem Wiederaufwirbeln der Fäden von der Ablagefläche her mit sich. Neben dem erhöhten Energieaufwand bringt dies vor allem durch die Turbulenzen ungleichmäßige Fadenverteilung durch Bündelungen und Strähnen im späteren Vlies.Although the described devices and methods for producing spunbonded webs do not have the disadvantage of the slits, which change over time as sensitive geometry, they find a limitation to high speeds. High air velocities are required in order to achieve the highest possible molecular orientation of the threads by warping below the spinneret until they solidify. This is particularly the case with threads made of polyester, while with polypropylene, with pure air extraction anyway, no high strengths and low elongations, such as are made possible by polycondensates, can be obtained, but they are also not required in most hygienic and medical applications. For geotextiles made of polypropylene, however, higher strengths than previously desired are desired, and only the additional mechanical stretching then remains, with air currents again being able to lay the fleece. In addition, a higher thread speed is also desirable in the course of increasing throughput and the economy of the process. It has its limits in fleece laying. The higher the air speed, the higher the turbulence between the flue and the belt. In addition, ambient air is sucked in through the free jets below the exhaust duct. There is an increased air conversion loading the entire process, and further turbulence is generated by the mixing. In addition, the strong degree brings the delay of the flow leaving the channel on the way to the catchment area due to the accumulation, a high degree of unregulated flow, partly with backflow and strong re-whirling of the threads from the deposit area. In addition to the increased energy consumption, this brings about uneven thread distribution through bundles and strands in the later fleece, especially due to the turbulence.

Die Erweiterung des Luftkanals nach seinem engsten Bereich, in dem die höchsten Luftgeschwindigkeiten herrschen und damit die größten Kräfte auf die Fäden ausgeübt werden, zu einem Diffusor bringt ebenfalls große Probleme, weil solche verzögerten Strömungen insbesondere im Anschluß an eine Vorlauf strömung im engen Teil des Kanals durch die dort gebildeten Grenzschichten keine starke Verzögerung gestatten, ohne daß die Strömung abreißt. Derartige Ablösungen erzeugen Wirbel und diese wiederum Zusammenballungen der Fäden zur Strähnen und Bündeln. Außerdem sind derartige Ablösungen meistens keine stetigen Strömungen, was sich in ungleicher Fadenverteilung dann im Vlies auswirkt.The expansion of the air duct to its narrowest area, in which the highest air speeds prevail and thus the greatest forces are exerted on the threads, to a diffuser also poses great problems because such delayed flows, particularly following a flow in the narrow part of the duct due to the boundary layers formed there, do not allow a strong delay without the flow breaking off. Such detachments create vortices and these in turn agglomerate the threads to form strands and bundles. In addition, such detachments are usually not continuous flows, which then results in an uneven thread distribution in the nonwoven.

Besonders schwer ist die ablösungsfreie Strömung in einem ebenen Diffusor zu verwirklichen, weil dort Störungen von den Stirnwandgrenzschichten ausgehen und es häufig zu einseitiger Ablösung an den Längsflächen kommt mit schiefem Strömungsprofil und damit ungleichmäßiger Verteilung der Fäden über den Kanal. Bei runden Diffusorkanälen sind die Verhältnisse etwas besser, aber auch hier gelingt nur eine begrenzte Erweiterung; man rechnet maximal mit 7° Erweiterungswinkel.The separation-free flow is particularly difficult to achieve in a flat diffuser because there are disturbances from the front wall boundary layers and there is often one-sided detachment on the longitudinal surfaces with a crooked flow profile and thus an uneven distribution of the threads over the channel. The conditions are somewhat better for round diffuser channels, but here too only a limited expansion is possible; one expects a maximum of 7 ° extension angle.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, mit denen Scharen endloser Fäden oder auch im wesentlichen endloser Fäden bei hoher Geschwindigkeit durch Luftströme, das können allgemein auch Gas- oder Dampfströme sein, gezogen werden und gleichmäßig ohne Fadenbündelung oder Zwirnungen auf eine Ablagefläche abgelegt werden.The object of the invention is to provide a method and an apparatus with which coulters of endless threads or essentially endless threads are drawn at high speed by air currents, which can generally also be gas or steam currents, and uniformly without thread bundling or twisting a storage area can be stored.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Verfahrens und des Vorrichtungsanspruchs in Verbindung mit den Merkmalen der Oberbegriffe gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of the method and the device claim in connection with the features of the preambles.

Dadurch, daß Luft durch einen Kanal von unterhalb der Fadenablagefläche gesaugt wird, wobei sie oben in den Kanal in den im wesentlichen rechteckigen Qurschnitt eintritt, zwischen den vorzugsweise parallelen Seitenwänden im oberen Bereich des Kanals eine hohe Geschwindigkeit erhält und anschließend über seitliche Durchbrüche in der Kanalwand bis zu einem bestimmten Reststrom, der notwendig ist, die Fäden weiter der Ablagefläche zuzuführen, abgesaugt wird, können die Fäden gleichmäßig ohne Fadenbündelungen abgelegt werden. Im oberen Teil des Kanals, dem Ziehteil, wird eine sehr gleichmäßige Strömung erhalten, weil die Luft aus der ungestörten Umgebung angesaugt wird, vergleichbar mit dem vorderen Teil eines offenen Windkanals, in dem sich das zu untersuchende Modell befindet. Der Kanal hat in diesem Bereich eine hohe Ziehwirkung auf die Fäden, es sind aber durch die seitliche Absaugung nicht mehr die hohen Luftgeschwindigkeiten bei der Legung und auch keine seitlich einwirkenden Sekundärströmungen vorhanden, weil der gesamte Zieh- und Legebereich bis zur Ablagefläche von der Umgebung abgekapselt ist.The fact that air is sucked through a channel from below the thread support surface, where it enters the channel into the essentially rectangular cross-section at the top, receives a high speed between the preferably parallel side walls in the upper region of the channel and then via lateral openings in the channel wall until a certain residual flow, which is necessary to feed the threads further to the storage surface, is sucked off, the threads can be deposited evenly without bundles of threads. A very even flow is obtained in the upper part of the channel, the drawn part, because the air is sucked in from the undisturbed environment, comparable to the front part of an open wind tunnel in which the model to be examined is located. The channel has a high pulling effect on the threads in this area, but due to the side suction, the high air velocities when laying and no secondary currents acting on the side are no longer present, because the entire pulling and laying area up to the storage area is encapsulated from the environment is.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen angegebenen Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen möglich. Die Dichtung der stetig bewegten Ablagefläche, sei es ein Siebband oder eine Trommel, gegenüber dem Kanal und der Absaugekammer unterhalb der Ablagefläche wird durch bewegte Rollen, gleitende oder mitbewegte Flächen oder Bürsten, auch durch Labyrinthdichtungen, welche Sperrgasströme enthalten können, in bekannter Weise geschaffen. Der Kanal kann zur Verringerung der angesaugten Luftmenge und damit des Energieaufwandes ziemlich eng, zum Beispiel 2 bis 4 mm, gehalten werden, denn es kommt zur Erzeugung der Kraftwirkung auf den Faden nur auf die Größe der Geschwindigkeit an. Neben der zur Verziehung/Verstreckung notwendigen Luftmenge wird die Kanalweite und noch durch die Menge und Dicke der Fäden und einem betrieblichen Sicherheitszuschlag zur Vermeidung von Anschlagen an der Wand bestimmt. Sind enge Kanalweiten möglich, so sind auch bei hohen Geschwindigkeiten im parallelen Ziehteil des Kanals laminare Strömungen möglich mit dem Vorteil einer geringeren Hin- und Herbewegung der Fäden verglichen mit turbulenter Strömung. Die Fäden haben dann einen ruhigeren Lauf längs im wesentlichen paralleler Bahnen in Abständen voneinander wie von den Düsenbohrungen vorgegeben, quer zur Düsenlängsachse zusammengerückt auf die Kanalweite von der im allgemeinen größeren Breite der Düsenplatte.Advantageous further developments and improvements are possible through the measures specified in the subclaims. The seal of the constantly moving storage surface, be it a screen belt or a drum, opposite the channel and the suction chamber below the storage surface is created in a known manner by moving rollers, sliding or moving surfaces or brushes, also by labyrinth seals, which can contain sealing gas flows. The channel can be kept quite narrow, for example 2 to 4 mm, in order to reduce the amount of air sucked in and thus the energy consumption, because the force of the thread is only dependent on the size of the speed. In addition to the amount of air required for warping / stretching, the channel width and also the amount and thickness of the threads and an operational safety surcharge to avoid strikes on the wall are determined. If narrow channel widths are possible, laminar flows are also possible at high speeds in the parallel pulling part of the channel, with the advantage of less back and forth movement of the threads compared to turbulent flow. The threads then have a quieter run along substantially parallel paths spaced apart from one another as dictated by the nozzle bores, pushed together transversely to the longitudinal axis of the nozzle to the channel width of the generally larger width of the nozzle plate.

Die Fäden, die schmelzflüssig aus der Spinndüse austreten, werden in bekannter Weise meist über Queranblasungen abgekühlt und treten in erstarrter Form in den Kanal ein. Der Bereich oberhalb des Kanals ist vorzugsweise nicht von der Umgebungsluft abgeschlossen, so daß die Anblasluft nur zu einem Teil von dem Kanal angesaugt wird, Spinnrauch jedoch, der den Kanal verschmutzen könnte, weiter oben seitlich abgeblasen werden kann.The threads, which emerge from the spinneret in a molten state, are usually cooled in a known manner by cross-blowing and enter the channel in solidified form. The area above the duct is preferably not closed off from the ambient air, so that the blowing air is only partially from that Channel is sucked in, but spinning smoke, which could contaminate the channel, can be blown off laterally above.

Die Absaugung findet zur Vermeidung der bekannten Schwierigkeiten beim Diffusor in einem parallelen oder im wesentlichen parallelen unteren Kanalteil statt, indem dort poröse Flächen oder einzelne Löcher angebracht sind. Es hat sich überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß große Luftmengen seitlich aus einem Kanal abgesaugt werden können, ohne daß die Fadenschar in ihrem Lauf beeinflußt wird. Dabei muß die Geschwindigkeit der seitlich durch die Flächen strömenden Luft nur unterhalb der Geschwindigkeit der Luft in der Richtung durch den Kanal nach unten hin liegen. Es gelingt dann ohne sonstige Grenzschichtbeeinflussung, wie sie durch Absaugung oder Einblasen zur Impulszufuhr in der Aerodynamik und bei Diffusorströmungen zum Beispiel in der DE-PS 38 07 420 bekanntgeworden sind, die Geschwindigkeit durch Abführung von Masse zu verringern. Anders ist es beim Diffusor, wo unter Beibehaltung der Masse, aber durch Querschnittserweiterung die Verringerung der Geschwindigkeit erfolgt.In order to avoid the known difficulties with the diffuser, the suction takes place in a parallel or essentially parallel lower channel part, in that porous surfaces or individual holes are provided there. Surprisingly, it has been shown that large amounts of air can be sucked out of the side of a channel without affecting the course of the thread sheet. The speed of the air flowing laterally through the surfaces only has to be below the speed of the air in the direction down through the channel. It is then possible to reduce the speed by dissipating mass without influencing the boundary layer, as has become known by suction or blowing in to provide impulses in aerodynamics and in the case of diffuser flows, for example in DE-PS 38 07 420. It is different with the diffuser, where the speed is reduced while maintaining the mass but by expanding the cross-section.

Die seitlich abgesaugte Luft kann von demselben Gebläse angesaugt werden, welches auch unterhalb der Ablagefläche absaugt. Sie kann auch durch gesonderte Gebläse oder sonstige Absaugevorrichtungen vorgenommen werden. Die abgesaugte Luft kann dem Spinnraum von den Absaugevorrichtungen her zum Luftausgleich wieder zugeführt werden, wenn dafür nicht auf andere Weise gesorgt wird.The air extracted from the side can be sucked in by the same fan, which also draws off below the shelf. It can also be carried out by separate blowers or other suction devices. The extracted air can be fed back into the spinning room from the suction devices for air equalization, if this is not ensured in any other way.

Wenn so viel Luft seitlich abgeführt worden ist, daß die Fäden noch genügend gradlinig der Ablagefläche zugeführt werden, kann sich der Kanal am Ende des parallelen Teils zu einer Ablagekammer erweitern. In solch einen Stoßdiffusor können Leitbleche eingebracht werden und es gelingt, die Fäden unter weitaus geringeren Luftgeschwindigkeiten als sie im Ziehteil darüber angewendet wurden, zu einem gleichmäßigen Vlies abzulegen. Eine erste Erweiterung kann bereits im unteren Bereich des Kanals vorgesehen werden, worauf sich dann die Erweiterung in die Ablagekammer anschließt.Die Absaugekammern seitlich an der Kanalwand können mit dem Legeraum kommunizieren, indem die abgesaugte Luft ganz oder teilweise dort dem Hauptkreislauf wieder zugeführt wird, allerdings im allgemeinen ohne auf die Fadenschar direkt einzuwirken.When so much air has been discharged laterally that the threads are still fed to the storage surface in a sufficiently straight line, the channel can widen to a storage chamber at the end of the parallel part. Baffles can be placed in such a shock diffuser and the threads can be laid down to a uniform fleece at far lower air velocities than were used in the drawn part above. A first extension can already be provided in the lower area of the duct, which is then followed by the extension into the storage chamber. The suction chambers on the side of the duct wall can communicate with the laying room by completely or partially returning the extracted air to the main circuit there, however generally without acting directly on the coulter.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine perspektivische Ansicht der Vorrichtung zur Förderung und anschließenden Verzögerung von Scharen endloser Fäden nach einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung bei der Herstellung von Spinnvliesen direkt aus der Spinndüse,
Fig. 2
einen Schnitt durch die Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1, wobei zusätzlich eine mechanische Kraftübertragung auf die Fäden durch Reibungswirkung mit Hilfe drehender Walzen eingesetzt wird.
An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Fig. 1
2 shows a perspective view of the device for conveying and subsequently retarding sheets of endless threads according to an embodiment of the invention in the production of spunbonded webs directly from the spinneret,
Fig. 2
a section through the device of FIG. 1, wherein in addition a mechanical force transmission to the threads by frictional action is used with the help of rotating rollers.

Wie in Fign. 1 und 2 dargestellt ist, treten aus in einer Spinndüse 1 rechteckigen Querschnitts 1 in Reihen parallel zueinander angeordneten Bohrungen 2 Fäden 3 als Fadenschar aus und werden über eine seitliche Anblasungsvorrichtung 4 durch im allgemeinen nach Temperatur und Feuchtigkeit konditionierte Luft abgekühlt. Sie treten in einen Abzugskanal 5 in dessen obere rechteckige Öffnung 6 ein. In dem Kanal 5 wird ein Unterdruck erzeugt, der von einer unterhalb einer im Ausführungsbeispiel als perforierte Trommel 7 ausgeführten Ablagefläche angeordneten, nicht gezeigten Absaugeeinrichtung (Gebläse, Verdichter oder Strahlpumpe), veranschaulicht durch die Pfeile 8 und 9, hervorgerufen wird. Die Umgebungsluft wird durch den Unterdruck beim Eintritt in den Abzugskanal 5 stark beschleunigt und strömt dann mit hoher Geschwindigkeit durch einen oberen, als Ziehteil 10 bezeichneten Bereich des Abzugskanals 5, der als Parallelkanal ausgebildet ist und in einen unteren Bereich, der gleichfalls parallel ist, übergeht. Die Wände dieses Bereichs 11 weisen Durchbrüche 26 auf, die in Kammern 13 münden. Die Luft aus dem freien Kanalquerschnitt 12 wird über die Durchbrüche 26 und Kammern 13 entsprechend den Pfeilen 14a und 14b von einer hier ebenfalls nicht näher gezeigten Absaugeinrichtung abgesaugt. Ein Teil oder die gesamte seitliche Absaugung aus dem Kanalbereich 11 kann aber auch durch die in ihrer Wirkung durch die Pfeile 8 und 9 veranschaulichte Absaugvorrichtung vorgenommen werden.As in fig. 1 and 2, threads 3 emerge in a spinneret 1 having a rectangular cross-section 1 in rows parallel to one another in rows 2 as a group of threads and are cooled by a side blowing device 4 by air conditioned in general according to temperature and humidity. You enter a drain channel 5 in the upper rectangular opening 6. A negative pressure is generated in the channel 5, which is caused by a suction device (blower, compressor or jet pump), which is arranged underneath a storage surface designed as a perforated drum 7 in the exemplary embodiment, illustrated by the arrows 8 and 9. The ambient air is strongly accelerated by the negative pressure when entering the exhaust duct 5 and then flows at high speed through an upper region of the exhaust duct 5, referred to as the drawing part 10, which is designed as a parallel duct and merges into a lower region, which is also parallel . The walls of this area 11 have openings 26 which open into chambers 13. The air from the free duct cross section 12 is sucked off via the openings 26 and chambers 13 according to the arrows 14a and 14b by a suction device, which is also not shown here. Some or all of the lateral suction from the channel region 11 can also be carried out by the suction device illustrated in its effect by the arrows 8 and 9.

Die Durchbrüche 26 in den Kanalwänden sind als runde Löcher ausgebildet, sie können aber auch einen anderen Querschnitt aufweisen. Darüber hinaus kann für die Kanalwand im unteren Bereich 11 ein poröses Material rial verwendet werden, das die Luft in bestimmten Mengen durchläßt.The openings 26 in the channel walls are designed as round holes, but they can also have a different cross section. In addition, a porous material for the channel wall in the lower region 11 rial are used, which allows the air in certain amounts.

Die Kammern 13 können aus unterschiedlichen Segmenten bestehen, die über die Höhe des unteren Bereichs 11 übereinander angeordnet sind. Sie dienen entweder zur Vergleichmäßigung der Absaugung oder zur Bildung von unterschiedlichen seitlich abgesaugten Teilströmen. In dem Maße, wie seitlich Luft abgesaugt wird, verringert sich die Geschwindigkeit des Hauptstroms im Abzugskanal 5. Die Geschwindigkeit des jeweils seitlich durch die Durchbrüche abgesaugten Teil des Luftstroms muß an der jeweiligen Absaugstelle unter der dort vorhandenen Geschwindigkeit des Hauptstroms liegen.The chambers 13 can consist of different segments which are arranged one above the other over the height of the lower region 11. They either serve to equalize the suction or to form different partial flows sucked in from the side. To the extent that air is extracted from the side, the speed of the main flow in the exhaust duct 5 is reduced. The speed of the part of the air flow sucked off laterally through the openings at the respective extraction point must be lower than the speed of the main flow there.

Der untere Kanalbereich 11 mündet in den Legeraum 16, in dem es zu einer plötzlichen Querschnittserweiterung des parallelen Kanals mit dem freien Querschnitt 12 kommt. Dort ist, wie es die Pfeile 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e, durch ihre unterschiedliche Länge andeuten, die Geschwindigkeit der Luft durch die seitliche Absaugung stark vermindert worden und es werden die Fäden in dem Legeraum 16 unter weitaus geringerer Geschwindigkeit als im oberen Ziehteil 10 auf der Ablagefläche 15 abgelegt. Im Grenzfall kann die Luftgeschwindigkeit am Ende des Abzugskanals 5, Pfeil 17e entsprechend, auf die Fadengeschwindigkeit und auch etwas darunter herabgesunken sein. Danach baut sie sich weiter ab und die Fäden stauen sich auf in gekrümmten Bahnen und verschlingen sich untereinander, die in der Vliesablage ihr Ende findet. Diese Einleitung der Verschlingung der Fäden zu einem Wirrvlies kann im unteren Bereich 11 des Kanals bereits beginnen, wenn die begleitende Luftströmung kleiner als die Fadengeschwindigkeit im Ziehteil 10 ist. Unterhalb des Legeraums 16 innerhalb der Trommel 7 ist ein Absaugbereich 18 abgetrennt, wobei die Abdichtung der Unterdruckbereiche Legeraum 16 und Absaugbereich 18 gegenüber der Trommel hier nur in einer Walze 19 am Austritt des erzeugten Vlieses 20 und schleifenden Flächen 21a, 21b, 21c schematisch angedeutet ist. Das Vlies wird längs des Pfeiles 22 der weiteren Behandlung wie der Verfestigung zugeführt und anschließend kontinuierlich aufgerollt.The lower channel area 11 opens into the laying space 16, in which there is a sudden widening of the cross section of the parallel channel with the free cross section 12. There, as indicated by the arrows 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d, 17e, due to their different lengths, the speed of the air has been greatly reduced by the side suction and the threads in the laying space 16 are at a much lower speed than in the upper one Pulled part 10 deposited on the storage surface 15. In the borderline case, the air speed at the end of the take-off channel 5, arrow 17e, may have dropped to the thread speed and also somewhat below it. Then it continues to degrade and the threads accumulate in curved paths and intertwine with each other, which ends in the fleece tray. This initiation of the entanglement of the threads to form a tangled nonwoven can already begin in the lower region 11 of the channel if the accompanying air flow is less than the thread speed in the drawing part 10. A suction area 18 is separated below the laying space 16 within the drum 7, the sealing of the negative pressure areas laying space 16 and suction area 18 with respect to the drum being schematically indicated here only in a roller 19 at the outlet of the fleece 20 produced and abrasive surfaces 21a, 21b, 21c . The fleece is fed along the arrow 22 for further treatment such as consolidation and then continuously rolled up.

Das Ziel, möglichst hohe Kräfte auf den Faden wirken zu lassen, kann noch dadurch gesteigert werden, daß oberhalb des Kanals 5 in bekannter Weise Verstreckrollen oder Walzen 23a, 23b in die vom Kanal 5 abgezogene Fadenschar eingeschwenkt werden. Durch Reibungswirkung an den umschlungenen Walzen wird entsprechend der Wirkungsweise eines Seiltriebes die Abzugswirkung auf den Faden um die Reibungskräfte an den Walzen 23a, 23b vermehrt und es ergibt sich eine kombinierte mechanisch-aerodynamische Verstreckung der Fäden. Statt eines Walzenpaares können auch mehrere übereinander angeordnet werden, vorteilhaft in der Weise, daß die Walzen 23a, 23b zunächst waagerecht nebeneinander auf gleicher Höhe liegen (in Fig. 2 gestrichelt gezeichnet), so daß die Fadenschar beim Anfahren von oben zwischen beiden Walzen hindurchtreten kann und der Ablagefläche 15 zugeführt wird. Dann wird das Walzenpaar um bis zu etwa 270° gedreht und der Antrieb der Walzen mit im wesentlichen gleicher Geschwindigkeit - die zweite Walze kann eine etwas höhere Umfangsgeschwindigkeit durch Antriebsdrehzahl oder durch größeren Durchmesser bei gleicher Drehzahl haben - übt zusätzlich eine Kraftwirkung auf den Faden aus mit dem Zweck höherer Verstreckung im unteren Fadenbildungsbereich 24.The goal of letting the highest possible forces act on the thread can be further increased by pivoting stretching rollers or rollers 23a, 23b in a known manner above the channel 5 into the sheet of thread pulled off the channel 5. The pulling action on the thread is increased by the frictional forces on the rollers 23a, 23b due to the frictional action on the wrapped rolls in accordance with the mode of action of a cable drive, and there is a combined mechanical-aerodynamic drawing of the threads. Instead of a pair of rollers, several can also be arranged one above the other, advantageously in such a way that the rollers 23a, 23b are initially horizontally next to one another at the same height (shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2), so that the sheet of threads can pass between the two rollers when starting from above and the storage surface 15 is supplied. Then the pair of rollers is rotated by up to about 270 ° and the drive of the rollers with essentially the same speed - the second roller can have a somewhat higher peripheral speed due to the drive speed or larger diameter at the same speed - also exerts a force effect onto the thread with the purpose of higher stretching in the lower thread formation area 24.

Die Vorrichtung und das Verfahren zur Herstellung von Spinnvliesen mit dieser Vorrichtung ist nicht beschränkt auf endlose Fäden. Es können auch Fäden, die eine endliche Länge haben, durch sie begleitende Luftströme dem Kanal zugeführt werden und dann in gleicher Weise einer ziehenden Wirkung an Teilstücken der Fäden unterworfen sein. Solche Verfahren sind bekanntgeworden als schmelzgeblasene Fäden, wobei neben den Schmelzeöffnungen heiße Luftströme austreten. Die Fäden können dabei endlos lang sein oder sie reißen von Zeit zu Zeit ab und bilden ein Spektrum unregelmäßig langer Fasern.The device and the method for producing spunbonded nonwovens with this device is not limited to endless threads. Threads which have a finite length can also be supplied to the duct through accompanying air streams and can then be subjected in the same way to a pulling action on portions of the threads. Such methods have become known as meltblown threads, with hot air streams emerging in addition to the melt openings. The threads can be endlessly long or they tear off from time to time and form a spectrum of irregularly long fibers.

Die Vorteile der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung erweisen sich besonders bei der Herstellung von Spinnvliesen wie anhand von Fign. 1 und 2 gezeigt. Die Ansaugung der praktisch ungestörten Luft in den Kanal 5 aus dem Bereich unterhalb der Abkühlungszone ergibt eine sehr gleichmäßige Strömung im oberen Kanalbereich, dem Ziehteil 10. Bei guter Abdichtung zwischen Legeraum 16 und Ablagefläche 15 kann die Luftgeschwindigkeit im Ziehteil 10 im Bereich von 10 000 m/min und darüber liegen - theoretisch bis zur Schallgeschwindigkeit von ungefähr 18 000 m/min, praktisch um einiges darunter. Durch die seitliche Absaugung durch die Durchbrüche 26 an diskreten Stellen wird, wie sich gezeigt hat, die parallele Bahn der Fäden nicht oder nicht wesentlich gestört. Eine leichte Einschnürung des Fadenbündels rührt von den sich aufbauenden Grenzschichten an den Stirnflächen des Kanals 5 her, welche durch bekannte Maßnahme der Grenzschichtbeeinflussung gemildert oder ganz aufgehoben werden kann. Das kann sowohl durch Einblasen, d.h. Zufuhr von Impulsenergie in die Grenzschichten wie durch Absaugung nach dem Stand der Technik auf diesem Gebiet geschehen. Die Ablegung der Fäden und die Vorformung ihrer Verschlingung zu einer Wirrlage der Fäden untereinander erfolgt bei weitaus geringerer Geschwindigkeit als sie im Ziehteil 10 herrscht, wodurch so starke Turbulenzen verhindert werden, die zu sich als Strähnen im Vlies nachteilig auswirkenden Fadenbündelungen und Zwirnungen führen. Es ist das Ziel, durch möglichst gleichmäßige Ablage von Fäden, und das bedeutet, daß diese voneinander getrennt sind, eine bestmögliche Bedeckung (Opazität) der Fläche zu erhalten, um den Spinnrohstoff bestmöglichst auszunutzen.The advantages of the device according to the invention are particularly evident in the production of spunbonded nonwovens as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 shown. The suction of the practically undisturbed air into the duct 5 from the area below the cooling zone results in a very even flow in the upper duct region, the drawing part 10. With a good seal between the laying space 16 and the storage area 15, the air speed in the drawing part 10 can be in the range of 10,000 m / min and above - theoretically up to the speed of sound of about 18,000 m / min, practically a lot less. As a result of the lateral suction through the openings 26 at discrete locations, the parallel path of the threads is not or is not significantly disturbed. A slight constriction of the bundle of threads stems from the boundary layers building up on the end faces of the channel 5, which are alleviated or completely eliminated by known measures of influencing the boundary layer can be. This can be done both by blowing in, ie supplying pulse energy into the boundary layers and by suction according to the state of the art in this field. The filing of the threads and the preforming of their entanglement to form a tangled position of the threads with one another takes place at a much lower speed than that prevailing in the drawn part 10, thereby preventing strong turbulence which leads to thread bundles and twists which have an adverse effect as strands in the fleece. The aim is to obtain the best possible coverage (opacity) of the surface by placing threads as evenly as possible, and that means that they are separated from one another, in order to make the best possible use of the spinning raw material.

Neben diesen Vorteilen, die zudem in einer kompakten Anlage auf kleinem Raum verwirklicht worden sind, ist der Energieaufwand gegenüber den Verfahren der Spinnvliesherstellung nach dem Stand der Technik deutlich geringer, indem praktisch keine die Luftumwälzung nur belastenden, aber nichts zur Fadenverstreckung und Vlieslegung leistenden Sekundärluftmengen bewegt werden. Die Legung der Fäden kann mit der Absaugung an den unteren Seitenflächen des Kanals 5 teilweise gekoppelt werden, indem die Absaugung unterhalb der Ablagefläche 15 direkt mit den Kammern 13 kommuniziert, veranschaulicht durch Pfeile 25a und 25b. Dennoch ist die Zone zwischen Spinndüse 1 und Abzugskanal5 offen zur Reinigung der Spinndüse 1, auch eine zusätzliche mechanische Verstreckung ist dort unterzubringen, ebenfalls betrieblich vorteilhaft zugänglich. Die Düse und die darauf folgenden Aggregate erstrecken sich damit, wie Fig. 1 zeigt, über die gesamte Breite des hergestellten Vlieses. Sie müssen nicht streng rechtwinklig zur Vliesaufnahmerichtung liegen, sondern können auch in einem bestimmten Winkel zu dieser angeordnet sein. Bei der zusätzlichen mechanischen Verstreckung können die Walzen 23a, 23b bei gewünschter großer Vliesbreite beidseitig gelagert sein, anders als bei der Verstreckung mit einseitig gelagerten Galetten von Fadenbündeln oder schmalen Fadenbändern oder -scharen, wobei die Walzen für die Verstreckung unterschiedlich schnell drehen. Es können jedoch auch einschwenkbare Rollen oder Walzen mit annähernd gleicher Geschwindigkeit vorgesehen sein, die in Form eines Seiltriebes den Faden zu ziehen helfen, zusätzlich zu den aerodynamischen Reibungskräften im Kanal.In addition to these advantages, which have also been realized in a compact system in a small space, the energy expenditure compared to the processes of spunbonded nonwoven production according to the prior art is significantly lower, since practically no secondary air quantities only burden the air circulation, but do not cause anything to stretch the thread and lay the fleece become. The laying of the threads can be partially coupled to the suction on the lower side surfaces of the channel 5, in that the suction below the storage surface 15 communicates directly with the chambers 13, illustrated by arrows 25a and 25b. Nevertheless, the zone between the spinneret 1 and the draw-off channel 5 is open for cleaning the spinneret 1, and additional mechanical stretching is also to be accommodated there, and is also advantageously accessible in operational terms. The nozzle and the subsequent units thus extend, as shown in FIG. 1, over the entire width of the nonwoven produced. You need to are not strictly at right angles to the direction of the fleece uptake, but can also be arranged at a certain angle to the latter. In the case of the additional mechanical stretching, the rollers 23a, 23b can be supported on both sides with the desired large fleece width, unlike in the case of stretching with godets of thread bundles or narrow thread strips or coulters mounted on one side, the rollers rotating at different speeds for the stretching. However, pivotable rollers or rollers can be provided at approximately the same speed, which help pull the thread in the form of a cable drive, in addition to the aerodynamic frictional forces in the channel.

Zur Erzielung höherer molekularer Orientierung der Fäden können diese nach dem Verziehen aus der Schmelze, der Abkühlung und Erstarrung durch Wärmezufuhr beispielsweise mittels Heizstrahlern wieder von außen her erwärmt werden. Bei hohen Fadengeschwindigkeiten gelingt dann eine erneute Verstreckung in Form einer Aushalsung (neck) mit einer hohen Zunahme der Orientierung der Moleküle durch diesen Fließvorgang. Wegen der Verringerung des Durchmessers kühlt sich der Faden kurz darauf wieder ab und der erreichte höher orientierte Zustand wird eingefroren. Die Festigkeit nimmt zu, die Dehnung ab. Es werden höherwertige Fäden erhalten. Bei Polyester (PET) läßt sich so auch deutlich eine Verringerung des Schrumpfes erzielen. Die richtige Lage der Wiedererwärmung läßt sich leicht durch Experimente bestimmen. Der Faden sollte im Inneren noch nicht zu weit abgekühlt sein, dann gelingt das Verziehen mit "neck" umso leichter.In order to achieve a higher molecular orientation of the threads, they can be heated again from the outside, for example by means of radiant heaters, after being warped from the melt, cooled and solidified by supplying heat. At high thread speeds, a new stretching in the form of a neck is achieved with a large increase in the orientation of the molecules through this flow process. Due to the reduction in diameter, the thread cools down shortly afterwards and the more oriented state that has been reached is frozen. The strength increases, the elongation decreases. Higher quality threads are obtained. In the case of polyester (PET), shrinkage can also be significantly reduced. The correct location for reheating can easily be determined by experiments. The inside of the thread should not yet have cooled down too much, making warping with "neck" all the easier.

Es ist denkbar, die parallel zueinander stehenden Kanalwände im Zieh- wie im Absaugeteil leicht geneigt, d.h. diffusor- oder düsenförmig einzustellen, und das kann in Sonderfällen Vorteile bringen. Grundsätzlich dienen aber dem Ziel der Erfindung, nämlich der Führung der Fäden auf parallelen Bahnen unter hohen Geschwindigkeiten der sie begleitenden Luftströme im Ziehteil 10 und den zunehmend verzögerten Luftgeschwindigkeiten darunter bis in die Ablagefläche hinein, parallele Kanalwände, auch mit plötzlichen Erweiterungen am besten.It is conceivable to slightly incline the duct walls parallel to one another in the pulling and in the suction part, i.e. diffuser or nozzle-shaped, and this can bring advantages in special cases. Basically, however, the aim of the invention, namely the guidance of the threads on parallel paths at high speeds of the accompanying air streams in the drawing part 10 and the increasingly delayed air speeds below it into the storage area, parallel channel walls, even with sudden enlargements best.

Die Erfindung wird in ihrer Anwendung auf die Spinnvliesherstellung an folgenden Beispielen weiterhin erläutert.The following examples further illustrate the invention in its application to spunbond production.

Beispiel 1example 1

Aus einer Schmelze von Polyethylenterephthalat (PET) mit einer intrinsischen Viskosität von 0,64, gemessen durch Lösung in Phenol/Tetrachlorethan 1:1 bei 20° C in bekannter Weise, und einer Temperatur der Schmelze von 290° C aus einer Düse mit in parallelen Reihen angeordneten Bohrungen mit einem Durchmesser von 0,3 mm wurden Fäden ausgesponnen. Der Durchsatz pro Schmelzebohrung betrug 0,55 g/min. Insgesamt waren 180 Bohrungen auf einer Düsenbreite von 220 mm gleichmäßig verteilt. Unterhalb der Spinndüse befand sich eine senkrechte ebene Fläche, aus der Luft von 25° C zur Kühlung der Fäden mit einer Geschwindigkeit quer zu ihnen von 0,9 m/s austrat. Die Länge der Abkühlfläche (Höhe der Anblaskasette) betrug 800 mm. Im Abstand von etwa 200 mm befand sich der Einlaßquerschnitt des Abzugskanals, dessen Weite 4 mm betrug und die Fadenscharbreite an jeder Seite um 8 mm überragte. Die Länge des parallelen Ziehteils betrug 420 mm, darunter begann der Absaugeteil, d.h. der untere Bereich des Kanals, mit einer Gesamtlänge von 250 mm. Die seitliche Absaugung wurde durch einzelne Löcher in der Kanalwand mit unterschiedlichen Durchmessern zwischen 2 und 8 mm vorgenommen. Es wurden auch poröse Sintermetallflächen eingesetzt, die aber das verfahrenstechnische Ergebnis nicht änderten. Es konnte durch die teilweise durchsichtigen Kanalwände beobachtet werden, daß die Fäden sich auf im wesentlichen parallelen Bahnen über den gesamten Zieh- und Absasugeteil des Kanals nach unten bewegten.From a melt of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64, measured by solution in phenol / tetrachloroethane 1: 1 at 20 ° C in a known manner, and a temperature of the melt of 290 ° C from a nozzle with in parallel Threads were spun out in rows arranged with a diameter of 0.3 mm. The throughput per melt bore was 0.55 g / min. A total of 180 holes were evenly distributed over a nozzle width of 220 mm. Below the spinneret was a vertical flat surface from which air at 25 ° C for cooling the threads emerged at a speed across them of 0.9 m / s. The length of the cooling surface (height of the blowing cassette) was 800 mm. The inlet cross-section of the draw-off channel was located at a distance of about 200 mm, the width of which was 4 mm and the thread sliver width was 8 mm longer on each side. The length of the parallel drawn part was 420 mm, including the suction part, ie the lower area of the channel, started with a total length of 250 mm. The side suction was carried out through individual holes in the duct wall with different diameters between 2 and 8 mm. Porous sintered metal surfaces were also used, but these did not change the procedural result. It could be observed through the partially transparent channel walls that the threads moved downward in essentially parallel paths over the entire pulling and suction part of the channel.

Die Absaugung wurde unterschiedlich stark eingestellt von einer Luftgeschwindigkeit etwa doppelt so hoch wie die Fadengeschwindigkeit am Übergang des parallelen Absaugeteils in die plötzliche Erweiterung des Legeraums bis zu Geschwindigkeiten dort leicht unter der Fadengeschwindigkeit. In letzterem Falle fingen die Fäden an, sich bereits in geschlängelten Bahnen zu bewegen, was dann stark in der plötzlichen Erweiterung zunahm. Der Unterdruck im Legeraum 16 betrug 1050 mm WS, entsprechend etwa 105 mbar gegenüber Atmosphäre. Der Legeraum 16 war über Abdichtelemente, wie sie im einzelnen beschrieben sind, gegenüber einer sich drehenden Trommel abgedichtet. Die Einschnürung der Fadenschar im unteren Teil betrug nur wenige mm mit der Auswirkung, daß sich ein Vlies von einer Breite von ungefähr 200 mm gegenüber der ursprünglichen Fadenscharbreite von 200 mm ausbildete, mit einem leicht verstärkten Außenrand. Die Fäden hatten eine mittlere Stärke von 1,7 dtex, entsprechend etwa 17 µm, die Festigkeit betrug 2,6 cN/dtex, die Dehnung ebenso wie die Festigkeit beim Bruch der Fäden im Reißversuch gemessen 107 %, der Kochschrumpf lag unter 3 %; alle Fadenwerte wurden nach den betreffenden DIN-Bestimmungen ermittelt.The suction was set to different degrees from an air speed about twice as high as the thread speed at the transition of the parallel suction part into the sudden expansion of the laying room up to speeds there slightly below the thread speed. In the latter case, the threads started to move in serpentine paths, which then increased sharply in the sudden expansion. The negative pressure in the laying room 16 was 1050 mm WS, corresponding to approximately 105 mbar with respect to the atmosphere. The laying space 16 was sealed against a rotating drum by means of sealing elements, as are described in detail. The constriction of the thread coulter in the lower part was only a few mm with the effect that a fleece of a width of approximately 200 mm was formed compared to the original thread coulter width of 200 mm, with a slightly reinforced outer edge. The threads had an average thickness of 1.7 dtex, corresponding to about 17 μm, the strength was 2.6 cN / dtex, the elongation and the strength when the threads broke measured 107% in the tear test, the boiling shrinkage was below 3%; all thread values were determined according to the relevant DIN regulations.

Es wurden Vliese im Bereich von 6 bis 80 g/m2 durch entsprechend geänderte Umfangsgeschwindigkeit der Trommel als Ablagefläche eingestellt. Die Trommel bestand aus einer perforierten Fläche mit aufgelegten Drahtgeweben. Die Flächengewichtsverteilung streute mit einem Variationskoeffizienten von unter 8 %, bei den schweren Vliesen deutlich darunter bis zu 4 %.Nonwovens in the range from 6 to 80 g / m 2 were set as a storage surface by changing the peripheral speed of the drum accordingly. The drum consisted of a perforated surface with woven wire mesh. The basis weight distribution was scattered with a coefficient of variation of less than 8%, for heavy nonwovens significantly less than 4%.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Polypropylen (PP) mit einem Schmelzeindex MFI von 28 g/10 min, gemessen nach DIN 53735 bei einer Temperatur von 230° C und einer Last im Meßkolben von 2,16 kg, wurde durch die gleiche Düse wie im Beispiel 1 beschrieben unter einer Temperatur von 260° C ausgesponnen mit einem Durchsatz pro Spinnbohrung von 0,5 g/cm. Dieser Versuch diente der Erzeugung von leichtgewichtigen Vliesen für Hygiene- oder medizinische Anwendungen. Der Unterdruck im Ablageraum 16 betrug 850 mm WS, entsprechend etwa 85 mbar.Polypropylene (PP) with a melt index MFI of 28 g / 10 min, measured according to DIN 53735 at a temperature of 230 ° C and a load in the volumetric flask of 2.16 kg, was passed through the same nozzle as described in Example 1 under one temperature spun at 260 ° C with a throughput of 0.5 g / cm per spin hole. This experiment was used to produce lightweight nonwovens for hygiene or medical applications. The negative pressure in storage space 16 was 850 mm water pressure, corresponding to approximately 85 mbar.

Die Fäden hatten eine mittlere Stärke von 1,6 dtex, entsprechend etwa 18 µm. Die erzeugten Vliese lagen im Bereich von 6 bis 35 g/m2 und wiesen einen Variationskoeffizienten der Flächengewichtsverteilung von unter 10 bzw. unter 6 % auf. Anschließend an die Legung wurde das Vlies von der Trommel abgehoben und einem Kalander zugeführt, in welchem das Vlies zwischen einer beheizten Walze, die mit Riffeln (Pyramidenstumpfform) versehen war, punktweise verfestigt und danach aufgerollt wurde.The threads had an average thickness of 1.6 dtex, corresponding to approximately 18 µm. The nonwovens produced were in the range from 6 to 35 g / m 2 and had a coefficient of variation of the basis weight distribution of less than 10 or less than 6%. Subsequent to the laying, the fleece was lifted from the drum and fed to a calender, in which the fleece was solidified point by point between a heated roller provided with corrugations (truncated pyramid shape) and then rolled up.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wurde soweit an der Erzeugung von Spinnvliesen dargestellt. Ein weiteres Anwendungsgebiet ist die Förderung von Fäden und Fadengelegen, wobei die Geschwindigkeit der Ablagefläche in der Größenordnung der Fadengeschwindigkeit liegt. Eine weitere Anwendung liegt allgemein in der Förderung von Fäden mit Luft unter hoher Geschwindigkeit und der Abtrennung der Luft, wo dieses nicht gleichzeitig mit hoher Turbulenzerzeugung verbunden sein soll.The device according to the invention has so far been shown in the production of spunbonded nonwovens. Another area of application is the conveying of threads and thread beds, the speed of the storage surface being of the order of magnitude of the thread speed. Another application is generally in the conveyance of threads with air at high speed and the separation of the air, where this should not be associated with high turbulence generation at the same time.

Claims (19)

  1. Method of conveying and depositing groups of continuous filaments (3) which are conveyed by means of a gas flow and fed essentially lying parallel into a channel (5) of corresponding cross-section, and the gas flow which accompanies the filaments (3) is on entry into the top part of the channel accelerated to high speed for the purpose of drawing and/or stretching the filaments (3) and thereafter slowed down, and the filaments (3) are deposited on a moving depositing surface, characterized in that a portion of the gas in the bottom part of the channel (5) is laterally discharged through the channel walls so as to slow down the filament (3) conveying gas flow.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the filament conveying gas flow is generated via a vacuum device, which is positioned below the vacuum surface and sucks off the gas flow through the channel, and that the laterally discharged portion is sucked off evenly over the entire bottom area of the channel or in different flow portions.
  3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the laterally discharged portion of gas is fed back into the area below the channel either partially or fully to the gas flow exiting the channel via the depositing surface.
  4. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the groups of continuous filaments are spun out by at least one spinning nozzle, and they are drawing and/or stretched in the area between spinning nozzle and channel by a force generated by a gas flow which has been accelerated to a high speed, and deposited on the depositing surface as spinning fleece.
  5. Method according to Claim 4, characterized in that the filaments are additionally mechanically twisted and/or stretched via rollers in the area between spinning nozzle and channel.
  6. Method according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that filaments exiting the spinning nozzle are laterally blown at for the purpose of cooling.
  7. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the speed of the gas flow which is sucked off laterally through the channel walls is below a respective speed of the downward gas flow in the channel.
  8. Apparatus for conveying and depositing groups of continuous filaments, comprising an elongated channel (5) for ducting essentially parallel moving filaments (3), a device for generating a gas flow which conveys the filaments in the channel (5) for drawing and/or stretching of the filaments and with a laying device comprising a depositing surface (15), in which respect the channel merges via the depositing surface into a laying area of extended cross-section, characterized in that the channel (5) comprises a top area (10) and a bottom area (11), and the bottom area is provided with openings (26) in the channel wall through which a portion of the filament conveying gas flow is sucked off by a vacuum device.
  9. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the channel (5) comprises essentially parallel walls.
  10. Device according to Claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the channel (5) and the laying space (16) are directly interconnected and sealed towards the outside, and at the transitional point between channel (5) and laying space (16) is provided a sudden cross-sectionally widening, and a sudden cross-sectional widening can also be provided in the bottom area (11).
  11. Device according to one of Claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the device for generating a filament conveying gas flow is designed as a vacuum device provided below the depositing surface, and the vacuum area (18) below the depositing surface (15), the laying space (16) and the channel (5) are environmentally sealed so as to form a common negative pressure area.
  12. Device according to one of Claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the openings (26) in the channel walls are evenly spaced over the bottom area (11) of the channel (5).
  13. Device according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the openings (26) are arranged as cross-sectionally identical or different holes provided in the channel walls.
  14. Device according to one of Claims 8 to 12, characterized in that the channel wall is in the bottom area composed of a porous material.
  15. Device according to one of Claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the channel is in its bottom area (11) surrounded by chambers (13) which are connected to the vacuum device.
  16. Device according to Claim 15, characterized in that the chambers (13) have over the height of the bottom area (11) of the channel (5) different segments which are designed to equalize the suction or to establish different partial flows of the portion of a gas flow entering into the channel which is sucked off via the bottom area (11).
  17. Device according to Claim 16, characterized in that the chambers (13) are connected to the laying space (16).
  18. Device according to one of Claims 8 to 17 for the manufacture of spunbond nonwovens characterized in that at least one spinning nozzle of rectangular cross-section is provided for spinning out the parallel group of filaments, and below the spinning nozzle is provided a blowing device for laterally blowing at filaments exiting the spinning nozzle.
  19. Device according to Claim 18, characterized in that between spinning nozzle and channel is provided a roller arrangement with essentially identical speed for mechanical pulling or with roller pairs of different speed for genuine mechanical stretching.
EP93250289A 1992-10-26 1993-10-25 Process and apparatus for conveying and for laying continuous filaments bundle with air force Expired - Lifetime EP0598463B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4236514 1992-10-26
DE4236514A DE4236514C2 (en) 1992-10-26 1992-10-26 Method and device for conveying and depositing sheets of endless threads by means of air forces

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0598463A1 EP0598463A1 (en) 1994-05-25
EP0598463B1 true EP0598463B1 (en) 1996-08-14
EP0598463B2 EP0598463B2 (en) 1999-09-22

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EP93250289A Expired - Lifetime EP0598463B2 (en) 1992-10-26 1993-10-25 Process and apparatus for conveying and for laying continuous filaments bundle with air force

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US (1) US5439364A (en)
EP (1) EP0598463B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1043911C (en)
BR (1) BR9304367A (en)
DE (1) DE4236514C2 (en)

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US6332994B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2001-12-25 Basf Corporation High speed spinning of sheath/core bicomponent fibers
US6402436B1 (en) * 2000-04-28 2002-06-11 Eastman Chemical Company Method and device for conveying planar ribbon of crimped fiber using air jets
DE10065859B4 (en) 2000-12-22 2006-08-24 Gerking, Lüder, Dr.-Ing. Method and apparatus for producing substantially endless fine threads
JP3996356B2 (en) * 2001-04-18 2007-10-24 ユニ・チャーム株式会社 Production equipment for webs made of continuous fibers
EP1270778A1 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-01-02 Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag Process and apparatus for producing staple-yarns which contain synthetic fibres
ATE377107T1 (en) * 2001-09-26 2007-11-15 Bba Nonwovens Simpsonville Inc METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A NON-WOVEN WEB FROM FILAMENTS
US6799957B2 (en) * 2002-02-07 2004-10-05 Nordson Corporation Forming system for the manufacture of thermoplastic nonwoven webs and laminates
US8333918B2 (en) * 2003-10-27 2012-12-18 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for the production of nonwoven web materials
US7694379B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2010-04-13 First Quality Retail Services, Llc Absorbent cleaning pad and method of making same
US7962993B2 (en) 2005-09-30 2011-06-21 First Quality Retail Services, Llc Surface cleaning pad having zoned absorbency and method of making same
DE602006012527D1 (en) * 2006-12-15 2010-04-08 Fare Spa Apparatus and process for producing a spunbonded mat
WO2009054349A1 (en) * 2007-10-26 2009-04-30 Kaneka Corporation Polyimide fiber mass, sound absorbing material, heat insulation material, flame-retardant mat, filter cloth, heat-resistant clothing, nonwoven fabric, heat insulation/sound absorbing material for aircraft, and heat-resistant bag filter
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR9304367A (en) 1994-11-29
DE4236514A1 (en) 1994-04-28
EP0598463A1 (en) 1994-05-25
DE4236514C2 (en) 1997-03-27
CN1092034A (en) 1994-09-14
CN1043911C (en) 1999-06-30
EP0598463B2 (en) 1999-09-22
US5439364A (en) 1995-08-08

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