EP0596580A1 - Liquid fabric softening compositions - Google Patents
Liquid fabric softening compositions Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0596580A1 EP0596580A1 EP93203109A EP93203109A EP0596580A1 EP 0596580 A1 EP0596580 A1 EP 0596580A1 EP 93203109 A EP93203109 A EP 93203109A EP 93203109 A EP93203109 A EP 93203109A EP 0596580 A1 EP0596580 A1 EP 0596580A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fabric softening
- starch
- composition
- fabric
- cationic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002979 fabric softener Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004665 cationic fabric softener Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 fatty acid alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical class C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008237 rinsing water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/22—Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof
- C11D3/222—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin
- C11D3/227—Natural or synthetic polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose, starch, gum, alginic acid or cyclodextrin with nitrogen-containing groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/001—Softening compositions
- C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to liquid aqueous fabric softening compositions based on biodegradable cationic fabric softeners.
- For more than 25 years now, fabric softeners have been used for aftertreating washed textile products. Fabric softening compositions consist of aqueous dispersions of cationic fabric softeners. Typically, these compositions further comprise a number of adjuvants, such as fatty alcohols, fatty acids, emulsifiers, aromatic substances, dyes, preservatives and electrolytes.
- Fabric softening compositions are mostly added to the last rinsing water in a washing machine after the washing process. The cationic fabric softeners are adsorbed by the anionic textile fibers and lend the dried textile product the desired soft "feel" and antistatic properties. In addition, the use of fabric softening compositions has still other favorable effects on the dried textile product, such as a pleasant odor, improved ironing properties, and a higher wear resistance.
- The fatty acids and/or fatty alcohols present in the fabric softening compositions have a favorable effect on the softness of the dried textile product (function as co-softeners). In addition, these compounds play a role in stabilizing the viscosity of the fabric softening compositions.
- Known fabric softeners are the quaternary ammonium salts such as di-stearyl di-methyl ammonium chloride (DSDMAC) and certain imidazolinium salts, such as alkylmethyl-imidazolinium chloride. Up to about 1990, substantially exclusively fabric softeners of poor biodegradability were used.
- In many countries the consumer desires to use liquid fabric softening compositions that possess a viscous texture. A viscous aqueous composition with non-biodegradable fabric softeners can be obtained by adapting the product process, by the use of suitable fatty acids or fatty alcohols and/or by the use of certain thickening agents. According to European patent specification 51.983, guar gum, certain guar gum derivatives, polyacrylamides and polyvinyl acetate are used as thickening agents in liquid fabric softening compositions. In this patent specification it is mentioned that cationic guar gum products are not suitable because flocculation of the cationic fabric softeners develops (page 2, last paragraph). The thickeners used must ensure that the viscosity of the viscous fabric softening compositions does not undesirably change during prolonged storage.
- The use of non-biodegradable fabric softeners and adjuvants meets with ever increasing resistance on account of the environmental problems they cause. For that reason, biodegradable fabric softeners have in the meantime been put on the market by various manufacturers. These biodegradable fabric softeners are described inter alia in European patent applications 293.953 and 293.955 and in U.S. Patent 4,789,491. However, liquid fabric softening compositions comprising biodegradable fabric softeners are often insufficiently stable during storage (see European patent application 293.953, page 2, lines 26-28 and U.S. Patent 4,789,491, column 1, lines 44-48). Accordingly, there is a need for thickeners for these fabric softening compositions that are biodegradable and stabilize the viscosity of these compositions for longer periods of time.
- According to U.S. Patent 4,789,491, in fabric softening compositions comprising biodegradable fabric softeners, cellulose ethers, certain synthetic polymers (polyvinyl alcohol, polycarboxy polymers) or cationic guar gum derivatives can be used as thickeners (column 12, lines 32-38). Objections to these thickeners are their high price and/or their slight biodegradability.
- Applicant has now found that, as thickener in liquid fabric softening compositions comprising biodegradable fabric softeners, cationic starch products can be used with advantage. These cationic starches are relatively inexpensive and are biodegradable to a great extent.
- The present invention accordingly relates to liquid aqueous fabric softening compositions based on biodegradable fabric softeners, with gelatinized cationic starch being present in the composition as thickening agent.
- It has been found that compositions with cationic starch as thickening agent possess a surprisingly high viscosity. This means that for the production of compositions with a specified desired viscosity relatively little cationic starch is necessary.
- The aqueous compositions of the invention possess a water content of preferably 60 to 97% by weight. The pH of the fabric softening composition of the invention is typically between 1 and 5 and preferably between 2 and 4. The desired pH can be set by means of acids.
- Methods of producing cationic starch are described by D.B. Solarek; Cationic Starches in the book of O.B. Wurzburg (Ed), Modified Starches: Properties and Uses, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Florida, 1986, pp. 113-130. As starting material for the manufacture of the cationic starch to be used in accordance with the present invention, all types of starch can be used, such as potato starch, corn starch, wheat starch, tapioca starch, pea starch and the types of starch that have an amylopectin content of more than 95% by weight (based on solids). Prior, after or during the cationization reaction, the starch can be modified physically, chemically and/or enzymatically. The expression "cationic starch" as used herein encompasses these additionally modified starch products. The degree of substitution (DS) of the cationic starch to be used in accordance with the invention is preferably between 0.005 and 0.5 and preferably between 0.01 and 0.2. The amount of cationic starch (solids) to be used in accordance with the invention is preferably between 0.1 and 5% by weight, and more preferably between 0.2 and 1.5% by weight, based on the weight of the liquid aqueous fabric softening composition.
- The liquid aqueous fabric softening composition may further comprise various adjuvants and additives such as aromatic substances, dyes, preservatives, electrolytes, dispersing agents, emulsifiers, fatty acids, fatty acid alcohols, salts and nonionic surfactant compounds.
- The cationic starch to be used in accordance with the invention is preferably first gelatinized in water, whereafter the starch solution obtained (optionally after cooling) is mixed, with stirring, with an aqueous dispersion of the biodegradable fabric softener. It is also possible to mix pregelatinized cationic starch (as dry product or after dissolution in water) with the aqueous fabric softener dispersions.
- In the following examples, the Henkel product Au-46 is used as cationic biodegradable fabric softener. This product comprises 90% by weight of active material (methyl-triethanolammonium-distearate-methyl sulfate) and 10% by weight of isopropanol.
- An aqueous dispersion of the fabric softener is obtained by mixing Au-16 with demineralized water and stirring the mixture for 30 minutes at 1500 rpm. The dispersion obtained is diluted to the desired fabric softener concentration by adding demineralized water.
- The starch solution to be used is obtained by mixing the starch product into demineralized water through stirring and heating the mixture obained, with stirring, at 90 to 95 ° C for 30 minutes. Then the starch solution obtained is cooled to 20 ° C. This starch solution is diluted to the desired starch concentration by adding water.
- The liquid fabric softening compositions are obtained by mixing the aqueous dispersion of the fabric softener with the starch solution, in such amounts that the compositions prepared contain the desired amounts of fabric softener and starch product. If desired, additives, as preservatives and aromatic substances, such as are allowed according to the relative regulations, can be incorporated into the fabric softening compositions.
-
-
- The viscosities (in mPa.s) specified in the following examples were determined with a Brookfield viscosimeter, type RVT, at 20 rpm, spindle 2 and 20 ° C.
-
- Table 1 shows that cationic starch lends a much higher viscosity to the fabric softening compositions in comparison with other types of starch with incorporated anionic or nonionic substituents. It further appears that this viscosity remains highly stable during storage of the composition.
-
- It appears from Table 2 that cationic potato starch lends liquid fabric softening compositions a higher viscosity than does native potato starch (at equal concentrations). It further appears that the viscosity of the compositions increases with increasing starch concentration and remains properly stable in time.
-
- It appears from Table 3 that even at a storage temperature of 37 ° C the cationic starches lend liquid fabric softening compositions a higher viscosity than do the starch products with incorporated nonionic substituents.
-
Claims (9)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL9201939 | 1992-11-05 | ||
NL9201939A NL9201939A (en) | 1992-11-05 | 1992-11-05 | Liquid fabric softener compositions. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0596580A1 true EP0596580A1 (en) | 1994-05-11 |
EP0596580B1 EP0596580B1 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
Family
ID=19861483
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19930203109 Expired - Lifetime EP0596580B1 (en) | 1992-11-05 | 1993-11-05 | Liquid fabric softening compositions |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0596580B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69309848T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2103420T3 (en) |
NL (1) | NL9201939A (en) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6797688B2 (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 2004-09-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated, preferably biodegradable, quaternary ammonium fabric softener compositions containing cationic polymers and process for preparation |
WO2004087854A1 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric care compositions comprising cationic starch |
WO2006094582A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-14 | Unilever Plc | Fabric softening composition |
US7625857B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2009-12-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric care compositions comprising cationic starch |
WO2024121224A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2024-06-13 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Fabric softener composition comprising polysaccharide |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20230147510A1 (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | Nouryon Chemicals International B.V. | Liquid fabric softener compositions comprising hydroxypropyl starch phosphate |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2353633A1 (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1977-12-30 | Procter & Gamble Europ | Fabric conditioners providing easier ironing - contg. cationic surfactant and dextrin deriv. |
EP0002085A2 (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1979-05-30 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Textile conditioning compositions with low content of cationic guar gum |
US4179382A (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1979-12-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Textile conditioning compositions containing polymeric cationic materials |
FR2440433A1 (en) * | 1978-11-03 | 1980-05-30 | Unilever Nv | FABRIC SOFTENING COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME |
DE2925859A1 (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-01-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Textile rinsing compsn. improving softness and absorption capacity - contg. quat. ammonium salt and water soluble quat. ammonium gp.-contg. poly:galactomannan ether |
EP0044003A1 (en) * | 1980-07-10 | 1982-01-20 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Liquid washing agent with a content of discolouration inhibiting additives |
US4421566A (en) * | 1982-09-17 | 1983-12-20 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | Warp size |
JPS59187095A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-10-24 | ライオン株式会社 | Two liquid type hair and fiber treating agent composition |
US4789491A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1988-12-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for preparing biodegradable fabric softening compositions |
EP0458599A2 (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1991-11-27 | Unilever Plc | Fabric treatment composition |
-
1992
- 1992-11-05 NL NL9201939A patent/NL9201939A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1993
- 1993-11-05 EP EP19930203109 patent/EP0596580B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-11-05 DE DE1993609848 patent/DE69309848T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-11-05 ES ES93203109T patent/ES2103420T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2353633A1 (en) * | 1976-06-04 | 1977-12-30 | Procter & Gamble Europ | Fabric conditioners providing easier ironing - contg. cationic surfactant and dextrin deriv. |
EP0002085A2 (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1979-05-30 | THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY | Textile conditioning compositions with low content of cationic guar gum |
US4179382A (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1979-12-18 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Textile conditioning compositions containing polymeric cationic materials |
FR2440433A1 (en) * | 1978-11-03 | 1980-05-30 | Unilever Nv | FABRIC SOFTENING COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE SAME |
DE2925859A1 (en) * | 1979-06-27 | 1981-01-22 | Henkel Kgaa | Textile rinsing compsn. improving softness and absorption capacity - contg. quat. ammonium salt and water soluble quat. ammonium gp.-contg. poly:galactomannan ether |
EP0044003A1 (en) * | 1980-07-10 | 1982-01-20 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Liquid washing agent with a content of discolouration inhibiting additives |
US4421566A (en) * | 1982-09-17 | 1983-12-20 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | Warp size |
JPS59187095A (en) * | 1983-04-08 | 1984-10-24 | ライオン株式会社 | Two liquid type hair and fiber treating agent composition |
US4789491A (en) * | 1987-08-07 | 1988-12-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method for preparing biodegradable fabric softening compositions |
EP0458599A2 (en) * | 1990-05-25 | 1991-11-27 | Unilever Plc | Fabric treatment composition |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
DATABASE WPI Section Ch Week 8514, Derwent World Patents Index; Class A96, AN 85-083234 * |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6797688B2 (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 2004-09-28 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated, preferably biodegradable, quaternary ammonium fabric softener compositions containing cationic polymers and process for preparation |
US6939844B2 (en) | 1996-09-19 | 2005-09-06 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated, preferably biodegradable, quaternary ammonium fabric softener compositions containing cationic polymers and process for preparation |
WO2004087854A1 (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric care compositions comprising cationic starch |
US7135451B2 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2006-11-14 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric care compositions comprising cationic starch |
WO2006094582A1 (en) * | 2005-03-04 | 2006-09-14 | Unilever Plc | Fabric softening composition |
US7718597B2 (en) | 2005-03-04 | 2010-05-18 | The Sun Products Corporation | Fabric softening composition |
US7625857B2 (en) | 2006-02-28 | 2009-12-01 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric care compositions comprising cationic starch |
WO2024121224A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2024-06-13 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Fabric softener composition comprising polysaccharide |
DE102022132709A1 (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2024-06-13 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Fabric softener composition with polysaccharide |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE69309848T2 (en) | 1997-09-25 |
DE69309848D1 (en) | 1997-05-22 |
EP0596580B1 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
NL9201939A (en) | 1994-06-01 |
ES2103420T3 (en) | 1997-09-16 |
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