EP0596377B1 - Vortex finder for a centrifugal separator (cyclone) - Google Patents

Vortex finder for a centrifugal separator (cyclone) Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0596377B1
EP0596377B1 EP93117287A EP93117287A EP0596377B1 EP 0596377 B1 EP0596377 B1 EP 0596377B1 EP 93117287 A EP93117287 A EP 93117287A EP 93117287 A EP93117287 A EP 93117287A EP 0596377 B1 EP0596377 B1 EP 0596377B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
segments
dip tube
segment
tube according
arranged above
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EP93117287A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0596377A1 (en
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Hans-Dietmar Dr.Rer.Nat. Maury
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/085—Vortex chamber constructions with wear-resisting arrangements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/12—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits
    • B04C5/13—Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an immersion tube for a centrifugal separator, which is composed of a plurality of interconnected, plate-shaped segments, each with a similar base body, which are arranged one above the other in several planes, with each segment of a plane being simultaneously connected in two segments, one above the other, for vertical connection of the segments arranged level is suspended under the action of gravity, and the contact surfaces of the respective segment required for connection to the above-arranged segments are at least partially designed in the form of bevels oriented toward the outside of the dip tube.
  • Dip tubes are used in cyclones to discharge the more volatile constituents upwards along the axis of the cyclone, without being impeded by the tangentially flowing medium.
  • the size of the dip tube In order to achieve optimal flow conditions in the cyclone, the size of the dip tube must be adapted to the dimensions of the cyclone. Such adjustments cannot be made in many known immersion tubes, since these are specially adapted to a certain type of cyclone in terms of structure and design.
  • a dip tube with the features mentioned above is known from WO88 / 00310.
  • This dip tube is composed of a large number of plate-shaped segments, which are provided at their upper and lower ends with extensions which, in view, have an approximately bone-shaped design. In the area of the extensions there are short pins or nubs, each in corresponding depressions of the protrude into the next following segment, whereby the segments are clamped together.
  • each segment of a level is simultaneously suspended in two segments of the level arranged above under the effect of gravity.
  • the contact surfaces, which each serve to connect to the segments arranged above are partially designed in the form of bevels aligned with the outside of the dip tube.
  • the individual segments of this dip tube are relatively thick-walled and thus heavy in design, in order to ensure the stability of the composite dip tube with regard to tangential flow forces due to their own weight.
  • the connection technology described in this publication is less suitable for achieving sufficient strength against flow influences even in the case of a dip tube construction with thin-walled plates.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a dip tube for a centrifugal separator, in which regardless of the weight of the individual segments, both in terms of radial and tangential forces, a great strength of the dressing can be achieved.
  • the immersion tube is highly stable even at high flow speeds within the centrifugal separator.
  • the immersion tube can be extended as desired in the manner of a modular system by attaching further rings composed of individual segments.
  • the immersion tube can be specifically adapted to the flow conditions prevailing in the respective centrifugal separator. Since the contact surfaces of the respective segment required for connection to a segment arranged above are at least partially designed in the form of bevels which are oriented towards the outside of the dip tube, new segments can be securely attached to existing segments. As a result of the alignment of the contact surfaces designed in the form of bevels, a radially inwardly acting force is exerted on the suspended segment until it rests on adjacent segments with the effect of self-locking.
  • the dip tube according to the invention therefore also allows a particularly simple replacement of its individual parts.
  • a further development is characterized in that the contact surfaces of the respective segment required for connection to the segment arranged above are also partially designed in the manner of bevels which are oriented towards the inside of the dip tube.
  • the individual segments within the assembly are reliably self-locked, so that the dip tube behaves stably even at high flow speeds within the centrifugal separator.
  • At least part of the contact surfaces oriented obliquely towards the inside of the dip tube extends in the vertical direction. This combines the advantage of a great positional stability of the individual segments within the association with the advantage of an easy interchangeability of the individual segments.
  • the angle of the bevels to the plane formed by the flat sides of the segments is 30 ° to 60 °. An angle of approximately 45 ° is preferred.
  • the abutment surfaces which are designed as inclined surfaces, are formed on lugs and / or recesses in the segments which are designed in the manner of bone ends.
  • the individual segments then form a kind of "puzzle".
  • the lugs are preferably arranged at the top of the segments and can be inserted flush in the corresponding recesses of the segments arranged above.
  • dip tube is characterized by flat pieces attached to the outside of the lugs and lying flat against the outside of the segments arranged above.
  • the lugs and possibly also the flat pieces are preferably formed in one piece on the segments designed as a cast part.
  • dip tube has a conically tapering shape towards the bottom. This also improves the flow conditions inside and outside the dip tube.
  • the cyclone shown in FIG. 1 has an inlet 1 opening into the upper cylindrical part, a first outlet 2 for the heavier components separated in the centrifugal field and a second outlet 3 for the lighter components flowing upwards.
  • the second outlet 3 is extended downwards in the form of a conical dip tube 4.
  • the dip tube 4 as can be seen in FIG. 1, is composed of a large number of individual segments 5 which, each combined into rings, are suspended in the cyclone.
  • a total of six rings are provided, each ring in turn being composed of a plurality of individual segments 5.
  • the individual segments 5 are plate-shaped and have a bend corresponding to the rounding of the conical dip tube 3.
  • all segments 5 of a ring are identical, but the segments 5 of the respective rings have a different width, which decreases from top to bottom.
  • Each of the elements 5 consists of a one-piece cast steel part and therefore has a relatively high temperature resistance.
  • the structure of a single segment 5 will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the segment 5 consists primarily of a plate 6, which is square and has a slightly pronounced trapezoidal shape due to the conicity of the dip tube as a whole.
  • the plate 6 as a whole is bent in accordance with the respective rounding of the dip tube, as can be seen in particular from the sectional view according to FIG. 3.
  • a shoulder 7 is formed symmetrically, which has approximately the shape of a bone end.
  • recesses 8, 9 are provided in the two lower corners of the plate 6, the geometry of the recess 8 arranged on the right corresponding to the left half of the shoulder 7 and the geometry of the recess 9 arranged on the left corresponding to the right half of the shoulder 7 in an almost identical manner. If two of the segments 5 shown in FIG. 2 are therefore arranged directly next to one another, the then adjacent recesses 8, 9 form a composite recess into which the shoulder 7 of a further segment 5 fits exactly. The assembly of individual segments 5 can therefore best be compared to a puzzle.
  • the extension 7 shaped in the manner of a bone end has an upper, horizontal contact surface 10, two lateral, vertically running contact surfaces 11 and two contact surfaces 12 arranged in the undercut region.
  • the contact surfaces 12 do not run horizontally, but slightly inclined, one in the plane formed by the flat sides of the segment 5 Have angle w 1 to the vertical.
  • dashed lines and an additional hatching it is shown in FIG. 6 that all contact surfaces 10, 11, 12 of attachment 7 are designed in the form of bevels, the contact surfaces or bevels 10 and 11 being oriented differently from the contact surfaces or Slants 12. Because the slope of the slopes 10 and 11 is such that they are oriented towards the inside of the dip tube, while the slope 12 points outwards. All of the slopes 10, 11, 12 are inclined at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the plane formed by the flat sides of the segments 5.
  • the bevels 12 initially slide along the counter-bevels 12a until the inwardly directed bevels 10, 11 rest flush against the outward-facing counter bevels 10a, 11a. In this way, not only is the segment 5 hooked into the segments 5a, 5b arranged above it, but additionally the two segments 5a, 5b are clamped together, since the angle w 1 between the bevels 12 and counter-bevels 12a and the vertical a force pulling the segments 5a, 5b towards each other is generated.
  • a connecting piece 13 is assigned to each segment 5c.
  • the bone-shaped connecting piece 13 shown in FIG. 4 is constructed in its upper half in the same way as the attachment 7. With the lower half, the connecting piece 13 can be inserted into a recess 14 of the segment 5c corresponding to this half. Segment 5c and connecting piece 13 can then be used together in the same way in a group of further segments, as is the case for segment 5 according to the variant according to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the segment 5 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is additionally provided with a flat piece 15 placed on the outside of the extension 7.
  • the directly cast on the segment 5 flat piece 15 lies flat in the assembled state on the outside of the above arranged segments and leads to the fact that the segment 5 as a whole can not be pivoted during insertion or removal in or out of the dressing, but always must be performed at an angle but in a vertical orientation.
  • the flat piece 15 facilitates the handling of the segment 5.

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  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Nitrogen And Oxygen As The Only Ring Hetero Atoms (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)

Abstract

A vortex finder for a centrifugal separator (cyclone) consists of a plurality of rings which are arranged one on top of the other and connected to one another. These rings are composed in turn of a plurality of plate-shaped segments (5). In order to provide a vortex finder which is suitable for adaptation to different sized centrifugal separators and on which individual components can be interchanged particularly easily, the segments (5) of a ring are coupled under the effect of gravity into segments of the respective ring arranged above. The bearing faces, required for connection to a segment arranged above, of the respective segment (5) are designed at least partially in the form of slopes (12) which are aligned with the outside of the vortex finder. Preferably, further slopes (10, 11) are provided which are aligned with the inside of the vortex finder so that reliable and self-locking suspension of the individual segment (5) within the structure forming the vortex finder is achieved. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Tauchrohr für einen Fliehkraftabscheider, welches sich aus einer Vielzahl miteinander verbundener, plattenförmiger Segment mit jeweils ähnlichem Grundkörper zusammensetzt, die in mehreren Ebenen übereinander angeordnet sind, wobei zum vertikalen Verbinden der Segmente jedes Segment einer Ebene in zugleich zwei Segmente der jeweils oberhalb angeordneten Ebene unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft eingehängt ist, und die zur Verbindung mit den oberhalb angeordneten Segmenten erforderlichen Anlageflächen des jeweiligen Segmentes zumindest teilweise in Form von zur Außenseite des Tauchrohres hin ausgerichteten Schrägen gestaltet sind.The invention relates to an immersion tube for a centrifugal separator, which is composed of a plurality of interconnected, plate-shaped segments, each with a similar base body, which are arranged one above the other in several planes, with each segment of a plane being simultaneously connected in two segments, one above the other, for vertical connection of the segments arranged level is suspended under the action of gravity, and the contact surfaces of the respective segment required for connection to the above-arranged segments are at least partially designed in the form of bevels oriented toward the outside of the dip tube.

Tauchrohre dienen bei Zyklonen dazu, die leichter flüchtigen Bestandteile entlang der Achse des Zyklons nach oben abzuführen, ohne daß hierbei eine Behinderung durch das tangential zuströmende Medium erfolgt. Um in dem Zyklon optimale Strömungsverhältnisse zu erreichen, muß die Größe des Tauchrohres an die Abmessungen des Zyklons angepaßt werden. Derartige Anpassungen lassen sich bei vielen bekannten Tauchrohren nicht vornehmen, da diese hinsichtlich Aufbau und Gestaltung speziell an einen bestimmten Zyklontyp angepaßt sind.Dip tubes are used in cyclones to discharge the more volatile constituents upwards along the axis of the cyclone, without being impeded by the tangentially flowing medium. In order to achieve optimal flow conditions in the cyclone, the size of the dip tube must be adapted to the dimensions of the cyclone. Such adjustments cannot be made in many known immersion tubes, since these are specially adapted to a certain type of cyclone in terms of structure and design.

Ein Tauchrohr mit den eingangs genannten Merkmalen ist aus der WO88/00310 bekannt. Dieses Tauchrohr setzt sich aus einer Vielzahl plattenförmiger Segmente zusammen, die an ihrem oberen wie unteren Ende mit Erweiterungen versehen sind, die in Ansicht eine in etwa knochenförmige Gestaltung aufweisen. Im Bereich der Erweiterungen finden sich kurze Zapfen oder Noppen, die jeweils in korrespondierende Einsenkungen des nächstfolgenden Segmentes hineinragen, wodurch eine Verklammerung der Segmente erreicht wird. Unter Verwendung dieser Verbindungstechnik ist jedes Segment einer Ebene in zugleich zwei Segmente der jeweils oberhalb angeordneten Ebene unter der Wirkung der Schwerkraft eingehängt. Zur Erzielung eines Effektes ähnlich einer Labyrinthdichtung sind die Anlageflächen, welche jeweils der Verbindung mit den oberhalb angeordneten Segmenten dienen, teilweise in Form von zur Außenseite des Tauchrohres in ausgerichteten Schrägen gestaltet. Die einzelnen Segmente dieses Tauchrohres sind relativ dickwandig und damit schwer gestaltet, um infolge ihres eigenen Gewichtes die Stabilität des zusammengesetzten Tauchrohres hinsichtlich tangential wirkender Strömungskräfte sicherzustellen. Zur Erzielung einer ausreichenden Festigkeit gegenüber Strömungseinflüssen auch bei einer Tauchrohrkonstruktion mit dünnwandigen Platten ist die in dieser Druckschrift beschriebene Verbindungstechnik weniger geeignet.A dip tube with the features mentioned above is known from WO88 / 00310. This dip tube is composed of a large number of plate-shaped segments, which are provided at their upper and lower ends with extensions which, in view, have an approximately bone-shaped design. In the area of the extensions there are short pins or nubs, each in corresponding depressions of the protrude into the next following segment, whereby the segments are clamped together. Using this connection technique, each segment of a level is simultaneously suspended in two segments of the level arranged above under the effect of gravity. In order to achieve an effect similar to a labyrinth seal, the contact surfaces, which each serve to connect to the segments arranged above, are partially designed in the form of bevels aligned with the outside of the dip tube. The individual segments of this dip tube are relatively thick-walled and thus heavy in design, in order to ensure the stability of the composite dip tube with regard to tangential flow forces due to their own weight. The connection technology described in this publication is less suitable for achieving sufficient strength against flow influences even in the case of a dip tube construction with thin-walled plates.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Tauchrohr für einen Fliehkraftabscheider zu schaffen, bei dem sich unabhängig von dem Gewicht der einzelnen Segmente sowohl hinsichtlich radial wirkender als auch hinsichtlich tangential wirkender Kräfte eine große Festigkeit des Verbandes erreichen läßt.The invention has for its object to provide a dip tube for a centrifugal separator, in which regardless of the weight of the individual segments, both in terms of radial and tangential forces, a great strength of the dressing can be achieved.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird bei einem Tauchrohr der eingangs genannten Art vorgeschlagen, daß die aneinandergereihten Segmente jeder Ebene unter Bildung eines geschlossenen Ringes unmittelbar aneinanderstoßen, und jeweils aneinanderstoßende Segmente eines Ringes durch das darin eingehängte Segment des unterhalb angeordneten Ringes in Umfangsrichtung miteinander verklammert werden.To solve this problem, it is proposed in a dip tube of the type mentioned that the lined up segments of each level directly abut each other to form a closed ring, and each abutting segments of a ring are clamped together in the circumferential direction by the segment of the ring arranged underneath which is suspended therein.

Mit der Erfindung wird eine größtmögliche Sperrwirkung zwischen den einzelnen Segmenten des Tauchrohres erreicht, so daß dieses sowohl hinsichtlich radial als auch hinsichtlich tangential wirkender Kräfte eine große Festigkeit des Verbandes erreicht. Infolge der Selbstsperrung der einzelnen Segmente innerhalb des Verbandes wird eine hohe Stabilität des Tauchrohres auch bei hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten innerhalb des Fliehkraftabscheiders erreicht.With the invention, the greatest possible locking effect between the individual segments of the dip tube is achieved, so that this achieves a great strength of the association both with regard to radial and tangential forces. As a result of the self-locking of the individual segments within the assembly, the immersion tube is highly stable even at high flow speeds within the centrifugal separator.

Das Tauchrohr ist nach Art eines Baukastensystems durch Ansetzen weiterer, aus einzelnen Segmente zusammengesetzter Ringe beliebig verlängerbar. Auf diese Weise ist das Tauchrohr an die in dem jeweiligen Fliehkraftabscheider herrschenden Strömungsverhältnisse gezielt anpaßbar. Da die zur Verbindung mit einem oberhalb angeordneten Segment erforderlichen Anlageflächen des jeweiligen Segments zumindest teilweise in Form von Schrägen gestaltet sind, die zur Außenseite des Tauchrohres hin ausgerichtet sind, lassen sich neue Segmente sicher an bereits vorhandene Segmente ansetzen. Infolge der Ausrichtung der in Gestalt von Schrägen gestalteten Anlageflächen wird auf das eingehängte Segment eine radial nach innen wirkende Kraft bis zur Anlage an benachbarten Segmenten mit der Wirkung einer Selbstsperrung ausgeübt.The immersion tube can be extended as desired in the manner of a modular system by attaching further rings composed of individual segments. In this way, the immersion tube can be specifically adapted to the flow conditions prevailing in the respective centrifugal separator. Since the contact surfaces of the respective segment required for connection to a segment arranged above are at least partially designed in the form of bevels which are oriented towards the outside of the dip tube, new segments can be securely attached to existing segments. As a result of the alignment of the contact surfaces designed in the form of bevels, a radially inwardly acting force is exerted on the suspended segment until it rests on adjacent segments with the effect of self-locking.

Ferner ist es im Fall notwendiger Reparaturen ohne weiteres möglich, ein einzelnes Segment aus dem Verband herauszunehmen und durch ein fehlerfreies Segment zu ersetzen. Das erfindungsgemäße Tauchrohr gestattet daher auch einen besonders einfachen Austausch seiner Einzelteile.Furthermore, in the case of necessary repairs, it is easily possible to remove a single segment from the dressing and to replace it with an error-free segment. The dip tube according to the invention therefore also allows a particularly simple replacement of its individual parts.

Eine Weiterbildung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zur Verbindung mit dem oberhalb angeordneten Segment erforderlichen Anlageflächen des jeweiligen Segmentes teilweise auch nach Art von Schrägen gestaltet sind, die zur Innenseite des Tauchrohres hin ausgerichtet sind. Im Zusammenwirken zwischen den zur Außenseite sowie den zur Innenseite des Tauchrohres hin ausgerichteten Schrägen wird eine sichere Selbstsperrung der einzelnen Segmente innerhalb des Verbandes erreicht, so daß sich das Tauchrohr auch bei hohen Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten innerhalb des Fliehkraftabscheiders stabil verhält.A further development is characterized in that the contact surfaces of the respective segment required for connection to the segment arranged above are also partially designed in the manner of bevels which are oriented towards the inside of the dip tube. In the interaction between the bevels oriented towards the outside and towards the inside of the dip tube, the individual segments within the assembly are reliably self-locked, so that the dip tube behaves stably even at high flow speeds within the centrifugal separator.

Vorzugsweise erstreckt sich zumindest ein Teil der schräg zur Innenseite des Tauchrohres hin ausgerichteten Anlageflächen in vertikaler Richtung. Hierdurch wird der Vorteil einer großen Lagestabilität der einzelnen Segmente innerhalb des Verbandes mit dem Vorteil einer einfachen Austauschbarkeit der einzelnen Segmente verknüpft.Preferably, at least part of the contact surfaces oriented obliquely towards the inside of the dip tube extends in the vertical direction. This combines the advantage of a great positional stability of the individual segments within the association with the advantage of an easy interchangeability of the individual segments.

Der Winkel der Schrägen zu der durch die Flachseiten der Segmente gebildeten Ebene beträgt 30° bis 60°. Bevorzugt wird ein Winkel von etwa 45°. In der durch die Flachseiten der Segmente gebildeten Ebene beträgt der Winkel zwischen den auf die Innenseite und den auf die Außenseite des Tauchrohres hin ausgerichteten Anlageflächen vorzugsweise 60° bis 80°. Hierdurch wird erreicht, daß sich das Segment während des Einhängens leichter seitlich, d. h. in Umfangsrichtung des Tauchrohres, ausrichtet.The angle of the bevels to the plane formed by the flat sides of the segments is 30 ° to 60 °. An angle of approximately 45 ° is preferred. In the plane formed by the flat sides of the segments, the is Angle between the contact surfaces aligned on the inside and on the outside of the dip tube, preferably 60 ° to 80 °. The result of this is that the segment aligns itself more easily laterally, ie in the circumferential direction of the dip tube.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, daß die als Schräge gestalteten Anlageflächen an Ansätzen und/oder Aussparungen der Segmente ausgebildet sind, die nach Art von Knochenenden gestaltet sind. Die einzelnen Segmente bilden dann eine Art von "Puzzle". Die Ansätze sind vorzugsweise oben an den Segmenten angeordnet und bündig in die entsprechenden Aussparungen der oberhalb angeordneten Segmente einsetzbar.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the abutment surfaces, which are designed as inclined surfaces, are formed on lugs and / or recesses in the segments which are designed in the manner of bone ends. The individual segments then form a kind of "puzzle". The lugs are preferably arranged at the top of the segments and can be inserted flush in the corresponding recesses of the segments arranged above.

Eine Weiterbildung des Tauchrohres ist gekennzeichnet durch außen an den Ansätzen befestigte und flächig an der Außenseite der oberhalb angeordneten Segmente anliegende Flachstücke. Vorzugsweise sind die Ansätze und ggf. auch die Flachstücke einstückig an den als Gußteil ausgebildeten Segmenten angeformt.A further development of the dip tube is characterized by flat pieces attached to the outside of the lugs and lying flat against the outside of the segments arranged above. The lugs and possibly also the flat pieces are preferably formed in one piece on the segments designed as a cast part.

Eine zusätzliche Erhöhung der Festigkeit des Tauchrohres als Ganzes wird schließlich dadurch erreicht, daß das Tauchrohr eine nach unten hin konisch zulaufende Gestalt aufweist. Hierdurch wird ferner eine Verbesserung der Strömungsverhältnisse innerhalb und außerhalb des Tauchrohres erreicht.An additional increase in the strength of the dip tube as a whole is finally achieved in that the dip tube has a conically tapering shape towards the bottom. This also improves the flow conditions inside and outside the dip tube.

Weitere Einzelheiten und Vorteile des Gegenstandes der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung der zugehörigen Zeichnungen, in denen bevorzugte Ausführungsformen eines Tauchrohres dargestellt sind. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1
in einem Längsschnitt einen stark vereinfacht dargestellten Zyklon mit einem darin eingehängten, aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Segmente zusammengesetzten Tauchrohr;
Fig. 2
in einer Ansicht ein einzelnes Segment des Tauchrohres bei einer ersten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 3
einen Schnitt entlang der Symmetrieachse des Segmentes nach Fig. 2;
Fig. 4
eine Ansicht eines Verbindungsstücks bei einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Segmentes;
Fig. 5
eine Ansicht der zweiten Ausführungsform des Segmentes und
Fig. 6
in einer Ansicht Einzelheiten der Verbindung dreier Segmente miteinander.
Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodiments of an immersion tube are shown. The drawings show:
Fig. 1
in a longitudinal section a cyclone shown in a highly simplified manner with an immersion tube suspended therein and composed of a large number of individual segments;
Fig. 2
in a view a single segment of the dip tube in a first embodiment;
Fig. 3
a section along the axis of symmetry of the segment of FIG. 2;
Fig. 4
a view of a connector in a second embodiment of a segment;
Fig. 5
a view of the second embodiment of the segment and
Fig. 6
in a view details of the connection of three segments with each other.

Der in Fig. 1 dargestellte Zyklon verfügt über einen in den oberen zylindrischen Teil einmündenden Einlauf 1, einen ersten Auslauf 2 für die im Zentrifugalfeld abgeschiedenen, schwereren Bestandteile sowie einen zweiten Auslauf 3 für die nach oben abströmenden, leichteren Bestandteile. Der zweite Auslauf 3 ist nach unten hin in Gestalt eines konisch zulaufenden Tauchrohres 4 verlängert. Der Aufbau sowie die Wirkungsweise des Zyklons sind an sich bekannt, bedürfen hier daher keiner näheren Erläuterung.The cyclone shown in FIG. 1 has an inlet 1 opening into the upper cylindrical part, a first outlet 2 for the heavier components separated in the centrifugal field and a second outlet 3 for the lighter components flowing upwards. The second outlet 3 is extended downwards in the form of a conical dip tube 4. The structure and mode of operation of the cyclone are known per se and therefore do not require any further explanation here.

Das Tauchrohr 4 setzt sich, wie Fig. 1 erkennen läßt, aus einer Vielzahl einzelner Segmente 5 zusammen, die, jeweils zu Ringen zusammengefaßt, in den Zyklon eingehängt sind. Beim Ausführungsbeispiel sind insgesamt sechs Ringe vorgesehen, wobei sich jeder Ring wiederum aus einer Mehrzahl einzelner Segmente 5 zusammensetzt. Die einzelnen Segmente 5 sind plattenförmig und weisen eine der Rundung des konischen Tauchrohres 3 entsprechende Biegung auf. Infolge der konischen Gestalt des Tauchrohres 4 sind zwar sämtliche Segmente 5 eines Ringes identisch, jedoch weisen die Segmente 5 der jeweiligen Ringe eine unterschiedliche Breite auf, wobei diese von oben nach unten abnimmt. Jedes der Elemente 5 besteht aus einem einstückigen Stahlgußteil und weist daher eine relativ hohe Temperaturbeständigkeit auf.The dip tube 4, as can be seen in FIG. 1, is composed of a large number of individual segments 5 which, each combined into rings, are suspended in the cyclone. In the exemplary embodiment, a total of six rings are provided, each ring in turn being composed of a plurality of individual segments 5. The individual segments 5 are plate-shaped and have a bend corresponding to the rounding of the conical dip tube 3. As a result of the conical shape of the immersion tube 4, all segments 5 of a ring are identical, but the segments 5 of the respective rings have a different width, which decreases from top to bottom. Each of the elements 5 consists of a one-piece cast steel part and therefore has a relatively high temperature resistance.

Der Aufbau eines einzelnen Segmentes 5 wird nunmehr anhand der Fig. 2 und 3 erläutert. Das Segment 5 besteht in erster Linie aus einer Platte 6, die viereckig gestaltet ist und wegen der Konizität des Tauchrohres als Ganzes eine schwach ausgeprägte Trapezform aufweist. Die Platte 6 als Ganzes ist entsprechend der jeweiligen Rundung des Tauchrohres gebogen, wie dies insbesondere die Schnittdarstellung gemäß Fig. 3 erkennen läßt. Am oberen Ende der Platte 6 ist symmetrisch ein Ansatz 7 ausgebildet, welcher in etwa die Gestalt eines Knochenendes aufweist. Ferner sind in den beiden unteren Ecken der Platte 6 Aussparungen 8,9 vorgesehen, wobei die Geometrie der rechts angeordneten Aussparung 8 der linken Hälfte des Ansatzes 7 und die Geometrie der links angeordneten Aussparung 9 der rechten Hälfte des Ansatzes 7 in nahezu identischer Weise entspricht. Werden daher zwei der in Fig. 2 dargestellten Segmente 5 unmittelbar nebeneinander angeordnet, so bilden die dann aneinandergrenzenden Aussparungen 8,9 eine zusammengesetzte Aussparung, in die der Ansatz 7 eines weiteren Segmentes 5 exakt hineinpaßt. Die Zusammenfügung einzelner Segmente 5 läßt sich daher am besten mit einem Puzzle vergleichen.The structure of a single segment 5 will now be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. The segment 5 consists primarily of a plate 6, which is square and has a slightly pronounced trapezoidal shape due to the conicity of the dip tube as a whole. The plate 6 as a whole is bent in accordance with the respective rounding of the dip tube, as can be seen in particular from the sectional view according to FIG. 3. At the upper end of the plate 6, a shoulder 7 is formed symmetrically, which has approximately the shape of a bone end. In addition, recesses 8, 9 are provided in the two lower corners of the plate 6, the geometry of the recess 8 arranged on the right corresponding to the left half of the shoulder 7 and the geometry of the recess 9 arranged on the left corresponding to the right half of the shoulder 7 in an almost identical manner. If two of the segments 5 shown in FIG. 2 are therefore arranged directly next to one another, the then adjacent recesses 8, 9 form a composite recess into which the shoulder 7 of a further segment 5 fits exactly. The assembly of individual segments 5 can therefore best be compared to a puzzle.

Von besonderer Wichtigkeit ist die Geometrie des Ansatzes 7 sowie der Aussparungen 8,9 und insbesondere die Gestaltung daran ausgebildeter Anlageflächen. Diese Anlageflächen stellen die Verbindung zwischen den einzelnen Segmenten 5 her und verzahnen diese. Einzelheiten des hierbei verwendeten Prinzips werden nun anhand der Fig. 6 erläutert.Of particular importance is the geometry of the projection 7 and the cutouts 8, 9 and in particular the design of the contact surfaces formed thereon. These contact surfaces establish the connection between the individual segments 5 and mesh them. Details of the principle used here will now be explained with reference to FIG. 6.

Der nach Art eines Knochenendes geformte Ansatz 7 weist eine obere, horizontale Anlagefläche 10, zwei seitliche, vertikal verlaufende Anlageflächen 11 sowie zwei im hinterschnittenen Bereich angeordnete Anlageflächen 12 auf. Die Anlageflächen 12 verlaufen nicht horizontal, sondern leicht geneigt, wobei sie in der durch die Flachseiten des Segmentes 5 gebildeten Ebene einen Winkel w1 zur Vertikalen aufweisen. Anhand gestrichelter Linien sowie einer zusätzlich eingetragenen Schraffierung ist in Fig. 6 dargestellt, daß sämtliche Anlageflächen 10,11,12 des Ansatzes 7 in Form von Schrägen gestaltet sind, wobei die Anlageflächen bzw. Schrägen 10 und 11 anders ausgerichtet sind als die Anlageflächen bzw. Schrägen 12. Denn die Neigung der Schrägen 10 und 11 ist derart, daß diese zur Innenseite des Tauchrohres hin ausgerichtet sind, während die Schräge 12 nach außen weist. Dabei sind sämtliche Schrägen 10,11,12 unter einem Winkel von etwa 45° zu der durch die Flachseiten der Segmente 5 gebildeten Ebenen geneigt.The extension 7 shaped in the manner of a bone end has an upper, horizontal contact surface 10, two lateral, vertically running contact surfaces 11 and two contact surfaces 12 arranged in the undercut region. The contact surfaces 12 do not run horizontally, but slightly inclined, one in the plane formed by the flat sides of the segment 5 Have angle w 1 to the vertical. Using dashed lines and an additional hatching, it is shown in FIG. 6 that all contact surfaces 10, 11, 12 of attachment 7 are designed in the form of bevels, the contact surfaces or bevels 10 and 11 being oriented differently from the contact surfaces or Slants 12. Because the slope of the slopes 10 and 11 is such that they are oriented towards the inside of the dip tube, while the slope 12 points outwards. All of the slopes 10, 11, 12 are inclined at an angle of approximately 45 ° to the plane formed by the flat sides of the segments 5.

Im unteren Teil der Fig. 6 ist erkennbar, daß die beiden zueinander symmetrisch ausgebildeten Aussparungen 8,9 der nebeneinander angeordneten Segmente 5a,5b hinsichtlich ihrer Geometrie nahezu exakt der Gestalt des Ansatzes 7 entsprechen. Den Schrägen 10 und 11 des Ansatzes 7 entsprechen nach außen gerichtete Gegenschrägen 10a,11a an den Aussparungen 8,9, während den Schrägen 12 des Ansatzes 7 nach innen gerichtete Gegenschrägen 12a im Bereich der Aussparungen 8,9 entsprechen.In the lower part of FIG. 6 it can be seen that the two recesses 8, 9 of the segments 5a, 5b which are arranged symmetrically to one another correspond almost exactly to the shape of the extension 7 with regard to their geometry. The bevels 10 and 11 of the shoulder 7 correspond to the outward-facing counter-bevels 10a, 11a at the cutouts 8.9, while the bevels 12 of the shoulder 7 correspond to the inward-facing counter-bevels 12a in the region of the cutouts 8.9.

Wird das mit dem Ansatz 7 versehene Segment 5 in der in Fig. 6 dargestellten Art und Weise schräg von oben in die Segmente 5a,5b eingehängt, so gleiten die Schrägen 12 zunächst entlang der Gegenschrägen 12a, bis die nach innen gerichteten Schrägen 10,11 an den nach außen gerichteten Gegenschrägen 10a,11a bündig anliegen. Auf diese Weise wird nicht nur ein Einhängen des Segmentes 5 in die oberhalb angeordneten Segmente 5a,5b erreicht, sondern es wird zusätzlich eine Verklammerung der beiden Segmente 5a,5b erreicht, da infolge des Winkels w1 zwischen den Schrägen 12 bzw. Gegenschrägen 12a und der Vertikalen eine die Segmente 5a,5b zueinander ziehende Kraft erzeugt wird.If the segment 5 provided with the projection 7 is inserted obliquely from above into the segments 5a, 5b in the manner shown in FIG. 6, the bevels 12 initially slide along the counter-bevels 12a until the inwardly directed bevels 10, 11 rest flush against the outward-facing counter bevels 10a, 11a. In this way, not only is the segment 5 hooked into the segments 5a, 5b arranged above it, but additionally the two segments 5a, 5b are clamped together, since the angle w 1 between the bevels 12 and counter-bevels 12a and the vertical a force pulling the segments 5a, 5b towards each other is generated.

In der vorgenannten Weise lassen sich nicht nur neue Segmente 5 an ein bereits vorhandenes Tauchrohr 4 ansetzen, sondern es ist ebenso möglich, einzelne Segmente 5 aus dem ansonsten unveränderten Verband herauszunehmen und zu ersetzen.In the aforementioned manner, not only can new segments 5 be attached to an existing dip tube 4, but it is also possible to remove and replace individual segments 5 from the otherwise unchanged assembly.

Bei den in den Fig. 4 und 5 dargestellten Varianten ist jedem Segment 5c ein Verbindungsstück 13 zugeordnet. Das in Fig. 4 dargestellte, knochenförmige Verbindungsstück 13 ist in seiner oberen Hälfte ebenso aufgebaut wie der Ansatz 7. Mit der unteren Hälfte läßt sich das Verbindungsstück 13 in eine dieser Hälfte entsprechende Aussparung 14 des Segmentes 5c einsetzen. Segment 5c und Verbindungsstück 13 lassen sich dann gemeinsam in derselben Weise in einen Verband weiterer Segmente einsetzen, wie dies für das Segment 5 gemäß der Variante nach den Fig. 2 und 3 gilt.In the variants shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a connecting piece 13 is assigned to each segment 5c. The bone-shaped connecting piece 13 shown in FIG. 4 is constructed in its upper half in the same way as the attachment 7. With the lower half, the connecting piece 13 can be inserted into a recess 14 of the segment 5c corresponding to this half. Segment 5c and connecting piece 13 can then be used together in the same way in a group of further segments, as is the case for segment 5 according to the variant according to FIGS. 2 and 3.

Das Segment 5 nach den Fig. 2 und 3 ist zusätzlich mit einem auf die Außenseite des Ansatzes 7 aufgesetzten Flachstück 15 versehen. Das direkt an dem Segment 5 angegossene Flachstück 15 liegt in montiertem Zustand flächig an der Außenseite der oberhalb angeordneten Segmente an und führt dazu, daß das Segment 5 als Ganzes während des Einsetzens oder Herausnehmens in bzw. aus dem Verband nicht verschwenkt werden kann, sondern stets schräg aber in senkrechter Ausrichtung geführt werden muß. Außerdem erleichtert das Flachstück 15 die Handhabung des Segmentes 5.The segment 5 according to FIGS. 2 and 3 is additionally provided with a flat piece 15 placed on the outside of the extension 7. The directly cast on the segment 5 flat piece 15 lies flat in the assembled state on the outside of the above arranged segments and leads to the fact that the segment 5 as a whole can not be pivoted during insertion or removal in or out of the dressing, but always must be performed at an angle but in a vertical orientation. In addition, the flat piece 15 facilitates the handling of the segment 5.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

11
Einlaufenema
22nd
AuslaufSpout
33rd
AuslaufSpout
44th
TauchrohrDip tube
55
Segmentsegment
5a5a
Segmentsegment
5b5b
Segmentsegment
5c5c
Segmentsegment
66
Platteplate
77
Ansatzapproach
88th
AussparungRecess
99
AussparungRecess
1010th
Anlagefläche, SchrägeContact surface, slope
10a10a
Anlagefläche, GegenschrägeContact surface, counter bevels
1111
Anlagefläche, SchrägeContact surface, slope
11a11a
Anlagefläche, GegenschrägeContact surface, counter bevels
1212th
Anlagefläche, SchrägeContact surface, slope
12a12a
Anlagefläche, GegenschrägeContact surface, counter bevels
1313
VerbindungsstückConnector
1414
AussparungRecess
1515
FlachstückFlat piece
w1 w 1
Winkelangle

Claims (10)

  1. Dip tube for a centrifugal separator, which dip tube is composed of a multiplicity of platelike segments which are connected to one another, each have a similar basic body and are arranged in a plurality of planes one above the other, each segment (5, 5c) of a plane being suspended, under the force of gravity, in two segments (5a, 5b) at the same time of the plane which is respectively arranged above it, for the purpose of vertical connection of the segments (5, 5a, 5b, 5c), and the bearing surfaces of the respective segment (5, 5c) which are required for connection to the segments (5a, 5b) arranged above it being configured at least partially in the form of oblique surfaces (12) oriented towards the outside of the dip tube (4), characterized in that the segments (5, 5a, 5b, 5c) of each plane which are arranged in a row butt against one another directly so as to form a closed ring, and in each case two abutting segments (5a, 5b) of a ring are clamped to one another in the circumferential direction by means of the segment (5, 5c) which is suspended therein of the ring arranged beneath them.
  2. Dip tube according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bearing surfaces of the respective segment (5, 5c) which are required for connection to the segment (5a, 5b) which is arranged above it are also partially configured in the form of oblique surfaces (10, 11) which are oriented towards the inside of the dip tube (4).
  3. Dip tube according to Claim 2, characterized in that at least part (11) of the bearing surfaces oriented obliquely towards the inside of the dip tube (4) extend in the vertical direction.
  4. Dip tube according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the angle of the oblique surfaces (10, 11, 12) to the plane formed by the flat sides of the segments (5, 5a, 5b, 5c) is about 45°.
  5. Dip tube according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that, in the plane formed by the flat sides of the segments (5, 5a, 5b, 5c), the angle (w1) between the bearing surfaces (11) oriented towards the inside of the dip tube (4) and the bearing surfaces (12) oriented towards the outside of the dip tube (4) is 60° to 80°.
  6. Dip tube according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bearing surfaces configured as oblique surfaces (10, 11, 12) are formed on shoulders (7) and/or cutouts (8, 9) of the segments (5, 5a, 5b, 5c), which are configured in the manner of bone ends.
  7. Dip tube according to Claim 6, characterized in that the shoulders (7) are arranged at the top of the segments (5) and can be inserted flush into the corresponding cutouts (8, 9) in the two segments (5a, 5b) arranged above them.
  8. Dip tube according to one of Claims 6 or 7, characterized by flat pieces (15) which are fixed to the outside of the shoulders (7) and bear flat against the outside of the segments (5a, 5b) arranged above them.
  9. Dip tube according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that shoulders (7) and, if appropriate, flat pieces (15) are formed integrally on the segments (5, 5a, 5b), which are made as castings.
  10. Dip tube according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the dip tube (4) has a form which tapers conically downwards.
EP93117287A 1992-10-31 1993-10-26 Vortex finder for a centrifugal separator (cyclone) Expired - Lifetime EP0596377B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4236895 1992-10-31
DE4236895A DE4236895A1 (en) 1992-10-31 1992-10-31 Dip tube for a centrifugal separator (cyclone)

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0596377A1 EP0596377A1 (en) 1994-05-11
EP0596377B1 true EP0596377B1 (en) 1997-03-05

Family

ID=6471863

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93117287A Expired - Lifetime EP0596377B1 (en) 1992-10-31 1993-10-26 Vortex finder for a centrifugal separator (cyclone)

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5441081A (en)
EP (1) EP0596377B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH06198220A (en)
AT (1) ATE149383T1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ285467B6 (en)
DE (2) DE4236895A1 (en)
DK (1) DK0596377T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2099882T3 (en)
FI (1) FI934527A (en)
SK (1) SK280099B6 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19825206A1 (en) * 1998-06-05 1999-12-09 Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag Cyclone separator
DE10214863A1 (en) * 2002-04-04 2003-10-16 Kloeckner Humboldt Wedag cyclone
US8882873B2 (en) * 2011-02-14 2014-11-11 David Brownlee Vortex finder for cyclone separator
AP2016009028A0 (en) 2013-08-09 2016-02-29 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd Cyclone separator apparatus and methods of production
DE102014019472B4 (en) 2014-12-23 2018-01-04 Khd Humboldt Wedag Gmbh Immersion tube for a cyclone separator
US10940492B2 (en) 2016-07-13 2021-03-09 Fosbel Wahl Holdings, Llc Thimble for cyclone separator
US10328439B2 (en) * 2016-07-13 2019-06-25 Wahl Refractory Solutions, Llc Thimble for cyclone separator
US11484892B2 (en) * 2019-12-30 2022-11-01 General Electric Company Systems and methods for reducing particulate emissions
CN111672642B (en) * 2020-06-10 2021-12-24 舟山市海大科学技术研究院有限责任公司 Built-in cone net type oil-sewage separation swirler

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US1666284A (en) * 1920-02-20 1928-04-17 William A Gilchrist Construction of furnace walls and arches
DE2164503A1 (en) * 1971-12-24 1973-07-05 Tony Frederick Newell Building block for building walls
DE3644339A1 (en) * 1986-12-23 1988-07-14 Krupp Polysius Ag Structural element

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DE2733611C2 (en) * 1977-07-26 1982-10-14 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Transport line with ceramic inner insulation for guiding hot fluids
US4328839A (en) * 1980-09-19 1982-05-11 Drilling Development, Inc. Flexible drill pipe
US4475749A (en) * 1980-10-04 1984-10-09 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Flange coupling
DE3228902A1 (en) * 1982-08-03 1984-02-09 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz AG, 5000 Köln CYCLONE SEPARATOR
DK205583A (en) * 1983-05-09 1984-11-10 Hasle Klinker & Chamott CENTRAL ROOMS FOR CYCLON TO CLEAN HOT GAS
DK155552C (en) * 1986-06-27 1990-05-28 Hasle Klinker & Chamott SELF-SUBSTANCED PIPE CONSTRUCTION OF CERAMIC MATERIAL

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US716865A (en) * 1902-05-14 1902-12-30 Henri Choquet Interlocking bricks.
US1666284A (en) * 1920-02-20 1928-04-17 William A Gilchrist Construction of furnace walls and arches
DE2164503A1 (en) * 1971-12-24 1973-07-05 Tony Frederick Newell Building block for building walls
DE3644339A1 (en) * 1986-12-23 1988-07-14 Krupp Polysius Ag Structural element

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SK119593A3 (en) 1994-09-07
ATE149383T1 (en) 1997-03-15
CZ229893A3 (en) 1994-05-18
EP0596377A1 (en) 1994-05-11
FI934527A (en) 1994-05-01
DK0596377T3 (en) 1997-09-08
US5441081A (en) 1995-08-15
JPH06198220A (en) 1994-07-19
DE59305596D1 (en) 1997-04-10
DE4236895A1 (en) 1994-05-05
SK280099B6 (en) 1999-08-06
ES2099882T3 (en) 1997-06-01
FI934527A0 (en) 1993-10-13
CZ285467B6 (en) 1999-08-11

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