EP0594161B1 - Sling as a textile lifting strap - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a round sling with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Round slings of the type according to the invention are the subject of DIN 61360. Their basic structure and method of manufacture are described in DE-27 16 056-A1. There normal hose fabric is used for the protective hoses of such round slings. In terms of weaving technology, a tubular fabric is a band fabric with two fabric layers lying one above the other during the weaving process, which are connected to one another on their two longitudinal edges by the weft thread guide or by a special binding.

For some time now, a protective sleeve for such round slings has also been used with a double jacket, which is generally referred to as a double hose. Such a double hose does not consist of two completely separate hoses lying one inside the other. Rather, in terms of weaving technology, it represents a band fabric with four fabric layers arranged one above the other, produced in a weaving process, which are connected to one another in terms of textile technology in principle in the same way as described above on their two longitudinal edges by the weft thread guide or by a special binding. As a result, the double hose contains an inner jacket and an outer jacket, which are limited to the areas between the two longitudinal edges running in the longitudinal direction of the hose.

The double hose offers certain advantages over the conventional single protective hose, including that of better flexibility and adaptability to the outer contour of the load to be lifted. It is assumed that the wall thickness of an inner jacket and an outer jacket of the double hose of a round sling individually is less than the wall thickness of the single protective hose of an equally large round sling

According to the technical guidelines for slings, a round sling is no longer usable if the protective tube is damaged to such an extent that the load-bearing fiber strands are visible through the protective tube, ie are exposed. According to this definition, a round sling equipped with a double hose can still be used if only its outer jacket is damaged, but in this area of damage the inner jacket is still intact, namely the load-bearing fiber strands are completely enveloped, i.e. remain invisible from the outside.

If the outer sheath of a round sling equipped with a double hose is easily visible, it is difficult to clearly determine whether at least the inner sheath is undamaged. This is particularly difficult if the easily recognizable damage to the outer casing is in a loaded state, i.e. emerged in the use of the round sling. Due to the ability of the inner sheath to stretch and move relative to the outer sheath of such a round sling, it is very likely under load that the inner sheath moves a few centimeters relative to the outer sheath. If, in such a case, damage occurs not only to the outer casing, but also to the inner casing at the same point, which, however, is displaced from its normal position with respect to the outer casing by the load application, this damage to the inner casing can no longer be carried out during normal visual inspection in the unloaded state ascertain or judge beyond doubt. In the unloaded state of the round sling, the inner sheath and the outer sheath have shifted back into their low-tension, original relative position, so that the damage points on the inner and outer sheath are no longer congruent, but can even be offset by several centimeters.

The invention has for its object to provide a round sling with double hose of the type mentioned, in which damage to the protective tube can be determined with greater certainty by a conventional visual inspection. This object is achieved by the teaching of claim 1. The essence of this teaching is the relative displaceability of the outer jacket and the inner jacket of the To limit the double hose in their areas located between the longitudinal connection edges to such an extent that damage under load can be recognized not only of the outer sheath, but also of the inner sheath at the same point in a normal visual inspection in an unloaded state. The subject of the invention is furthermore distinguished by the important advantage that the penetration of larger dirt particles such as chips or dirt is made considerably more difficult or avoided by damage to only the outer jacket. Such dirt particles can in fact lead to damage to the inner jacket in the medium or long term and even penetrate into the interior of the inner jacket containing the fiber strands at those places where the outer jacket has no damage and which are consequently not visually inspected.

The basic idea of the invention can also be expressed in such a way that the space between the inner and outer shell, which is limited by the longitudinal edges of the hose fabric in the conventional double hose only by the longitudinal edges of the hose fabric, is divided into individual more or less closely sealed chambers, similar to the structure of a ship's hull is, the strength of the partition and thus the remaining relative mobility between the inner and outer jacket can be adjusted to a desired level without any problems in terms of textile technology.

Claims 4-11 deal with embodiments of such a chamber hose with chambers oriented in the hose longitudinal direction or in the warp direction of the protective hose, while claims 12-14 describe a chamber hose with chambers oriented in the weft direction. A mixed form is also conceivable in such a way that longitudinally oriented chambers do not extend indefinitely over the entire length of the hose or the entire circumference of the round sling, but are limited in their longitudinal extent in the manner of the transverse chambers.

The binding elements for the formation of such longitudinal chambers as well as the above-mentioned transverse chambers can be produced in the same way in terms of textile technology, for example by means of a binding chain or by a connection or binding.

Fig. 1

die perspektivische Darstellung des Einlagenschlauches einer herkömmlichen Rundschlinge mit teilweise vergrößertem Gewebeausschnitt,

Fig. 2

den Doppelschlauch einer Rundschlinge in einer Fig.1 analogen Darstellungsweise,

Fig. 3

einen erfindungsgemäß mit Längskammern zwischen einem Innen- und einem Außenmantel ausgestatteten Schutzschlauch in einer den Fig.1 und Fig.2 analogen Darstellung,

Fig. 4

einen in Schußfadenrichtung gelegten Querschnitt durch das erfindungsgemäße Schlauchgewebe, wie es am Ende des Webvorganges etwa vorliegt,

Fig. 5

einen in Kettrichtung des Schutzschlauches entsprechend der Schnittlinie V-V in Fig.3 gelegten Querschnitt durch die komplette Rundschlinge mit einliegenden Fasersträngen,

Fig. 6

einen in Kettrichtung gelegten Schnitt entsprechend der Linie VI-VI in Fig.3 durch den Schutzschlauch mit der Darstellung einer Bindekette als Bindungselement zwischen Innen- und Außenmantel,

Fig. 7

eine Schnittdarstellung analog Fig.6 mit jedoch einer An- bzw. Abbindung der Schußfäden als Bindeelement, wozu kein zusätzliches, separates Kettfadensystem benötigt wird,

Fig. 8

die perspektivische Darstellung eines Längskammerschlauches analog Fig.3 mit in den Längskammern einliegenden Stengelfäden,

Fig. 9

einen in Kettrichtung gelegten Querschnitt durch eine mit einem Schutzschlauch gemäß Fig.8 ausgerüstete Rundschlinge (Schnittrichtung IX-IX in Fig.8)

Fig.10

einen in Kettrichtung gelegten Schnitt durch den Schutzschlauch entsprechend der Schnittlinie X-X in Fig.8 mit einer Bindekette als Bindungsmittel,

Fig.11

eine Schnittdarstellung analog Fig.10 mit jedoch einer An- oder Abbindung als Bindungsmittel zwischen Innen- und Außenmantel,

Fig.12

die perspektivische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schutzschlauches, dessen Kammern als Querkammern im wesentlichen in Schußrichtung verlaufen,

Fig.13

einen in Kettrichtung verlaufenden Schnitt entsprechend der Linie XIII-XIII in Fig.12 durch den Schutzschlauch mit einer Bindekette als Bindungsmittel zwischen Innen- und Außenmantel ,

Fig.14

einen Längsschnitt analog Fig.13 mit jedoch einer Abbindung als Bindungsmittel zwischen Innen- und Außenmantel.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. Show:

Fig. 1

the perspective view of the insert hose of a conventional round sling with partially enlarged tissue cutout,

Fig. 2

the double hose of a round sling in a Fig.1 analog representation,

Fig. 3

a protective hose equipped according to the invention with longitudinal chambers between an inner and an outer jacket in a representation analogous to FIGS. 1 and 2,

Fig. 4

a cross section laid in the weft direction through the tubular fabric according to the invention, as is present at the end of the weaving process,

Fig. 5

a cross-section in the warp direction of the protective tube according to section line VV in FIG. 3 through the complete round sling with inserted fiber strands,

Fig. 6

a cut in the warp direction according to the line VI-VI in Figure 3 through the protective tube with the representation of a binding chain as a binding element between the inner and outer sheath,

Fig. 7

6 shows a sectional view analogous to FIG. 6, but with a binding or binding of the weft threads as a binding element, for which purpose no additional, separate warp thread system is required,

Fig. 8

the perspective view of a longitudinal chamber hose analogous to Figure 3 with stem threads lying in the longitudinal chambers,

Fig. 9

a cross section laid in the warp direction through a round sling equipped with a protective hose according to FIG. 8 (cutting direction IX-IX in FIG. 8)

Fig. 10

a cut in the warp direction through the protective tube according to the section line XX in FIG. 8 with a binding chain as binding agent,

Fig. 11

10 shows a sectional view analogous to FIG. 10, but with a connection or binding as a binding agent between the inner and outer jacket,

Fig. 12

the perspective view of a protective tube according to the invention, the chambers of which essentially run in the weft direction as transverse chambers,

Fig. 13

a section running in the warp direction along the line XIII-XIII in FIG. 12 through the protective tube with a binding chain as a binding agent between the inner and outer sheath,

Fig. 14

a longitudinal section analogous to Fig.13 but with a binding as a binding agent between the inner and outer jacket.

The fiber strands 1us form the load-bearing core of the round sling. The textile protective tube 2 surrounding it is a double tube with fiber strands 1 on both sides of an inner and an outer fabric layer, which form an inner jacket 3 and an outer jacket 4. In terms of textile technology, the double hose 2 is a four-layer tubular fabric, the inner sheath 3 and outer sheath 4 of which are present on both sides of the fiber strand 1 are all connected to one another at their two outer edges 5 by a textile bond. In terms of weaving technology, this double tube can be described as a four-layer fabric, which from the start only has a connection between the individual fabric layers in the area of the two outer edges 5 ("fabric technology" VEB Fachbuchverlag Leipzig 1968; p. 437 ff. Especially 842).

According to the invention, the inner jacket 3 and the outer jacket 4 are connected to one another by additional binding elements 6 located between the two outer edges 5. The additional fabric bindings, namely the binding elements 6 can be equipped with such a slack that they allow a certain relative mobility between the fabric layers connected by them, namely between the inner jacket 3 and the outer jacket 4 under lever load. The easiest way to achieve this is with the method of a binding chain 7, as is the subject of FIGS. 6, 10 and 13. This is because a combination of binding chain tension during weaving and with a regular connection length, e.g. with the third or fourth shot of the outer fabric layers or the two outer jackets 4, a slight loose can be achieved. In the case of a very taut binding chain, the interconnected fabric layers would press very strongly against one another. If, however, the binding chain is stretched very loosely during weaving, the binding between the two layers is significantly looser. The binding chain ("Gewebetechnik" p. 193; 439) is an additional, separate Keffiad system, which loops connects the layers to be connected by crossing their weft threads 8.

The binding elements 6 can, however, also be formed by a connection or binding, as a result of which no additional, separate warp thread system is required (FIGS. 7, 11 and 14). One is already using one here present warp thread of a preferably invisible position, namely the two inner sheaths 3. Their warp thread is routed regularly over the weft thread 8 of the fabric layers forming the two outer shells 4 and then under the weft thread of the fabric layers forming the inner sheaths 3.

The spaces between the inner jacket 3 and outer jacket 4 are divided into a plurality of separate chambers by the binding elements 6. Depending on the orientation and design of the bindings, longitudinal chambers 9 (FIGS. 3-11) or transverse chambers 10 (FIGS. 12-14) can be formed in this way, the terms “longitudinal” and “transverse” referring to the warp direction 11 of the Hose fabric as a longitudinal direction.

The longitudinal chambers 9 are created in that the binding elements 6 maintain a constant distance from the outer edges 5 of the hose and extend in the warp direction 11. In the case of binding elements 6 arranged next to one another in several rows, their spacing 12 from one another and from the outer edges 5 is expediently constant. This ensures a constant width of the longitudinal chambers 9.

Not every weft of the tubular fabric has to form a binding element 6 for producing the longitudinal chambers 9. However, at least five successive wefts (weft thread 8) should have a binding element 6 in the manufacture of tubular fabric. The longitudinal distances 13 between the binding elements 6 are expediently constant in the warp direction 11 of the tubular fabric.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 8-11, stem threads 14, which are not crossed with the weft threads 8, lie in the longitudinal chambers 9 for their cushioning. To increase the cushioning effect, these stem threads 14 can differ in their consistency from the consistency of the other textile fibers made of polyester. These can be, in particular, smooth filament yarns, fluffy textured yarns or soft-spun spun fiber yarns.

To form the transverse chambers 10, the binding elements 6 are arranged such that the side boundaries 15 of the transverse chambers have an orientation running in the weft direction (weft threads 8) of the tubular fabric.

The width between the side boundaries of the transverse chambers, which can be referred to as a connection repeat 16, is expediently between 1 and 40 cm. While the distance between the successive binding elements 6 to form longitudinal chambers 9 is relatively variable, as many connections as possible over the fabric width are recommended for forming the transverse chambers 10 in order to achieve a good delimitation.

Reference list

1

Fiber strand

2nd

Double hose

3rd

Inner jacket

4th

Outer jacket

5

Outer edge

6

Binding element

7

Binding chain

8th

Weft threads

9

Longitudinal chamber

10th

Cross chamber

11

Warp direction

12th

distance

13

Longitudinal distance

14

Stem threads

15

Page boundary

16

Connection report

Claims (16)

1. An endless textile sling for lifting comprising

   - continuously laid fibre strands (1) as load-carrying core and

   - a textile protective tube (2) which surrounds the fibre strands (1) and comprises a tubular fabric with an internal and an external layer of fabric on either side of the core,

   -- which are connected to one another at their ends forming two outer edges (5) of the protective tube (2) and, between the two outer edges (5), form an inner sheath (3) and an outer sheath (4) of the protective tube (2), characterized in that the inner sheath (3) and the outer sheath (4) are connected to one another by additional binding elements (6) located between the two outer edges (5).
2. An endless sling according to Claim 1, characterized in that the additional binding elements (6) are equipped with slack so that they allow certain relative mobility between the fabric layers connected to one another by them under a load to be lifted.
3. An endless sling according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spaces between inner sheath (3) and outer sheath (4) are divided into several chambers (9, 10) separated from one another by the binding elements (6).
4. An endless sling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by an arrangement of the binding elements (6) such that the lateral limits of the chambers have an orientation extending in the circumferential direction of the endless sling and in the warp direction (11) of the tubular fabric.
5. An endless sling according to Claim 3 or 4, characterized by a spacing (12) which is constant in the longitudinal direction of the tube, between the binding element or binding elements (6) and the outer edges (5) of the tube.
6. An endless sling according to one of Claims 3 to 5, characterized by a constant chamber width (12) of the longitudinal chambers (9).
7. An endless sling according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that at least five successive wefts of the tubular fabric comprise a binding element (6).
8. An endless sling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by constant longitudinal spacing (13) between adjacent binding elements (6).
9. An endless sling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized by stalk-type threads (14) which are not crossed with the weft threads (8) and are placed in the longitudinal chambers (9) in order to pad them.
10. An endless sling according to Claim 9, characterized by a consistency of the stalk-type threads (14) which differs from the consistency of the other textile fibres consisting, in particular, of polyester, to increase the padding effect.
11. An endless sling according to Claim 10, characterized in that the stalk-type threads (14) are smooth filament yarns, yarns having a puffy texture or soft-spun spun-fibre yarns.
12. An endless sling according to one or more of the preceding claims, in particular according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by an arrangement of the binding elements (6) such that the lateral limits (15) of the transverse chambers (10) have an orientation extending in the weft direction of the tubular fabric.
13. An endless sling according to Claim 12, characterized by a chamber width and a connection repeat (16) between their lateral limits (15) of about 1 to 40 cm.
14. An endless sling according to Claim 12 or 13, characterized by as many binding elements (6) as possible arranged in succession over the width of the fabric.
15. An endless sling according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binding elements (6) are formed by a binding warp (7).
16. An endless sling according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the binding elements (6) are formed by a tie-in or interlaced connection.

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