EP0591932B1 - Chair, in particular an office chair - Google Patents

Chair, in particular an office chair Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0591932B1
EP0591932B1 EP93116099A EP93116099A EP0591932B1 EP 0591932 B1 EP0591932 B1 EP 0591932B1 EP 93116099 A EP93116099 A EP 93116099A EP 93116099 A EP93116099 A EP 93116099A EP 0591932 B1 EP0591932 B1 EP 0591932B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seat
carrier
chair
joint
seat part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93116099A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0591932A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Rainer Kleinikel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comforto GmbH
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Comforto GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comforto GmbH filed Critical Comforto GmbH
Publication of EP0591932A1 publication Critical patent/EP0591932A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0591932B1 publication Critical patent/EP0591932B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00—Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02—Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03255—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest with a central column, e.g. rocking office chairs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C1/00—Chairs adapted for special purposes
    • A47C1/02—Reclining or easy chairs
    • A47C1/031—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts
    • A47C1/032—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest
    • A47C1/03261—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest characterised by elastic means
    • A47C1/03272—Reclining or easy chairs having coupled concurrently adjustable supporting parts the parts being movably-coupled seat and back-rest characterised by elastic means with coil springs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chair, in particular an office or work chair, as specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a chair is known from DE 40 41 157 A1.
  • the backrest is always tilted backwards with a downward movement of the rear area of the seat support is coupled, in a chair of the type mentioned the entire seat part is raised when the backrest is tilted backwards.
  • This has the advantage that the restoring force for returning the backrest into the upright position is applied directly by the weight of the person sitting on the seat part. It is therefore not necessary to use this restoring force through energy stores such as gas springs or the like. which must be adjusted to the weight of a user.
  • a disadvantage of the known chair is that the lifting of the seat part when the backrest is tilted backwards is unusual and even uncomfortable for the user, in particular because it is associated with a shift in the seat pressure in the direction of the front edge of the seat, to the extreme case that the contact of the feet with the floor is lost due to the upward movement of the front part of the seat.
  • the invention has for its object to design a chair of the type mentioned with structurally simple means so that the desired upward movement of the seat part for generating the counterforce to the backward inclination of the backrest is such that it is ergonomically advantageous and is not perceived by the user as uncomfortable .
  • the trajectory of the four-bar transmission guiding the seat part which can be influenced by the choice of the lengths and joint distances of the handlebars is designed in accordance with the invention in such a way that there is a combined pivoting and translational movement of the seat part which corresponds to a pivoting about an imaginary axis which is in front of the front edge of the seat part and so that it runs in the area of the knee joint axis of a seated person. This ensures that the contact between feet and floor remains almost constant over the entire range of motion and the above-mentioned disadvantageous shifting of the seat pressure into the back of the knee does not take place.
  • the chair shown has a base frame 6, to which a seat support 1 is preferably attached in a rotatable and height-adjustable manner.
  • a seat support 1 On the seat support 1, the approximately horizontally extending arm of the backrest support 4 is mounted in a horizontal-axis swivel joint D, which carries the backrest 8 with its other, upward-pointing arm.
  • a section of the back support 4, which is extended towards the front via the swivel joint D, is articulated in a connecting joint C to the seat part 3, which carries a seat plate with cushion 7.
  • the seat part 3 in the joint B is connected to a double joint lever 2 which is articulated in the joint A on the seat support 1.
  • An arm 9 of the back support 4 projecting downward from the swivel joint D is supported against the seat support 1 by an energy accumulator 9.
  • the section 10 of the back support 4 lying between the swivel joint D and the connecting joint C forms a rear linker, and the double articulated lever 2 forms a front link of a four-link mechanism leading the seat part 3 with the articulation points A, B, C and D.
  • the link 10 is from the swivel joint D. from almost horizontally directed towards the front, while the front link 2 also runs forward from the seat support-side joint A and inclines upward at an acute angle.
  • the seat support 3 and thus the seat plate 7 is moved upwards when the backrest 8 is tilted back into the dashed position, with a combined translational and rotary movement which corresponds to a pivoting about an imaginary horizontal pivot axis K, which is located at a distance in front of and slightly above the front edge of the seat plate 7, approximately where the knee joint axis of a person of normal size sitting on the seat plate 7 would be.
  • the up and down movement of the seat plate 7 associated with the change in inclination of the backrest 8 thus leaves the position of the knees of the user, and thus the contact of the feet with the floor is essentially unaffected.
  • the restoring moment counteracting the backward inclination of the backrest 8 is, as mentioned at the outset, applied by the weight of the person sitting on the seat plate 7.
  • the energy accumulator 5 does not need to apply this restoring moment, but only serves to hold the chair in a defined position in the unoccupied state.
  • conventional locking means acting on the energy accumulator or other parts of the synchronous mechanism can also be provided in order to also rigidly lock the chair in a desired position.
  • the drawing shows only the parts that are essential for the kinematics in the drawing plane. It goes without saying that the joints, links, etc. shown are designed or arranged twice so that the seat part and back support are adequately supported over the width of the chair.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chairs Characterized By Structure (AREA)
  • Special Chairs (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The synchronising mechanism of an office chair comprises a four-bar linkage guiding the seat part (3, 7) relative to the seat support (1) and having a front and a rear link (2, 10), the rear link (10) of which is rigidly connected to the back support (4) which is articulatedly connected to the seat support (1). During rearward tilting of the back support (4), the seat part (3, 7) is raised, its movement corresponding approximately to a pivoting about a pivot axis (K) extending through the knee joint of the sitting person. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Stuhl, insbesondere einen Büro- oder Arbeitsstuhl, wie im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegeben. Eine derartiger Stuhl ist aus DE 40 41 157 A1 bekannt. Während bei den bis dahin bekannten und üblichen Synchronmechaniken, die in verschiedenen, mehr oder weniger komplizierten Ausführungen bekannt sind (z.B. DE 35 20 188 A1, DE 37 41 472 A1 und EP 0 179 933 A1), die Rückwärtsneigung der Rückenlehne stets mit einer Abwärtsbewegung des hinteren Bereiches des Sitzträgers gekoppelt ist, wird bei einem Stuhl der eingangs genannten Art das gesamte Sitzteil beim Rückwärtsneigen der Rückenlehne angehoben. Dies hat den Vorteil, daß die Rückstellkraft für das Rückstellen der Rückenlehne in die aufrechte Stellung unmittelbar vom Gewicht der auf dem Sitzteil sitzenden Person aufgebracht wird. Es ist daher nicht erforderlich, diese Rückstellkraft durch Kraftspeicher, wie Gasfedern od.dgl. aufzubringen, die auf das Gewicht einer Benutzerperson eingestellt werden müsssen.The invention relates to a chair, in particular an office or work chair, as specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such a chair is known from DE 40 41 157 A1. While in the hitherto known and customary synchronous mechanisms, which are known in various, more or less complicated designs (for example DE 35 20 188 A1, DE 37 41 472 A1 and EP 0 179 933 A1), the backrest is always tilted backwards with a downward movement of the rear area of the seat support is coupled, in a chair of the type mentioned the entire seat part is raised when the backrest is tilted backwards. This has the advantage that the restoring force for returning the backrest into the upright position is applied directly by the weight of the person sitting on the seat part. It is therefore not necessary to use this restoring force through energy stores such as gas springs or the like. which must be adjusted to the weight of a user.

Ein Nachteil des bekannten Stuhls liegt jedoch darin, daß das Anheben des Sitzteils beim Rückwärtsneigen der Rückenlehne für den Benutzer ungewohnt und sogar unbequem ist, und zwar insbesondere deshalb, weil damit eine Verlagerung des Sitzflächendruckes in Richtung auf die Sitzvorderkante verbunden ist, bis zu dem Extremfall, daß durch die Aufwärtsbewegung des vorderen Sitzteilbereiches der Kontakt der Füße zum Boden verloren geht.A disadvantage of the known chair, however, is that the lifting of the seat part when the backrest is tilted backwards is unusual and even uncomfortable for the user, in particular because it is associated with a shift in the seat pressure in the direction of the front edge of the seat, to the extreme case that the contact of the feet with the floor is lost due to the upward movement of the front part of the seat.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Stuhl der genannten Art mit konstruktiv einfachen Mitteln so auszugestalten, daß die für die Erzeugung der Gegenkraft zur Rückwärtsneigung der Lehne gewünschte Aufwärtsbewegung des Sitzteils derart verläuft, daß sie ergometrisch vorteilhaft ist und vom Benutzer nicht als unbequem empfunden wird.The invention has for its object to design a chair of the type mentioned with structurally simple means so that the desired upward movement of the seat part for generating the counterforce to the backward inclination of the backrest is such that it is ergonomically advantageous and is not perceived by the user as uncomfortable .

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen des Stuhls gelöst. Die Unteransprüche beziehen sich auf vorteilhafte weitere Ausgestaltungen.This object is achieved with the features of the chair specified in claim 1. The subclaims relate to advantageous further refinements.

Die durch die Wahl der Längen und Gelenkabstände der Lenker beeinflußbare Bahnkurve des das Sitzteil führenden Viergelenkgetriebes ist erfindungsgemäß derart ausgebildet, daß sich eine kombinierte Schwenk- und Translationsbewegung des Sitzteils ergibt, die einer Schwenkung um eine gedachte Achse entspricht, die vor der Vorderkante des Sitzteils und damit im Bereich der Kniegelenkachse einer sitzenden Person verläuft. Damit wird erreicht, daß der Kontakt zwischen Füßen und Boden über den gesamten Bewegungsbereich nahezu konstant bleibt und die oben erwähnte nachteilige Verlagerung des Sitzflächendruckes in den Kniekehlenbereich hinein nicht stattfindet.The trajectory of the four-bar transmission guiding the seat part which can be influenced by the choice of the lengths and joint distances of the handlebars is designed in accordance with the invention in such a way that there is a combined pivoting and translational movement of the seat part which corresponds to a pivoting about an imaginary axis which is in front of the front edge of the seat part and so that it runs in the area of the knee joint axis of a seated person. This ensures that the contact between feet and floor remains almost constant over the entire range of motion and the above-mentioned disadvantageous shifting of the seat pressure into the back of the knee does not take place.

Eine Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Diese zeigt den Bürostuhl in einer auf die kinematisch wesentlichen Teile reduzierten schematischen Seitenansicht.An embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing. This shows the office chair in a schematic side view reduced to the kinematically essential parts.

Der dargestellte Stuhl hat ein Fußgestell 6, an dem vorzugsweise drehbar und höhenverstellbar ein Sitzträger 1 befestigt ist. An dem Sitzträger 1 ist in einem horizontalachsigen Drehgelenk D der ungefähr horizontal verlaufende Arm des Rückenlehnenträgers 4 gelagert, der mit seinem anderen, nach oben gerichteten Arm die Rückenlehne 8 trägt. Ein über das Drehgelenk D nach vorne verlängerter Abschnitt des Rückenträgers 4 ist in einem Verbindungsgelenk C mit dem Sitzteil 3 gelenkig verbunden, welches eine Sitzplatte mit Polster 7 trägt. Im vorderen Bereich ist der Sitzteil 3 im Gelenk B mit einem Doppelgelenkhebel 2 verbunden, der im Gelenk A am Sitzträger 1 angelenkt ist. Ein vom Drehgelenk D nach unten ragender Arm 9 des Rückenträgers 4 ist durch einen Kraftspeicher 9 gegen den Sitzträger 1 abgestützt.The chair shown has a base frame 6, to which a seat support 1 is preferably attached in a rotatable and height-adjustable manner. On the seat support 1, the approximately horizontally extending arm of the backrest support 4 is mounted in a horizontal-axis swivel joint D, which carries the backrest 8 with its other, upward-pointing arm. A section of the back support 4, which is extended towards the front via the swivel joint D, is articulated in a connecting joint C to the seat part 3, which carries a seat plate with cushion 7. In the front area, the seat part 3 in the joint B is connected to a double joint lever 2 which is articulated in the joint A on the seat support 1. An arm 9 of the back support 4 projecting downward from the swivel joint D is supported against the seat support 1 by an energy accumulator 9.

Der zwischen Drehgelenk D und Verbindungsgelenk C liegende Abschnitt 10 des Rückenträgers 4 bildet einen hinteren Lener, und der Doppelgelenkhebel 2 bildet einen vorderen Lenker eines den Sitzteil 3 führenden Viergelenkgetriebes mit den Gelenkpunkten A, B, C und D. Der Lenker 10 ist vom Drehgelenk D aus nahezu horizontal nach vorne gerichtet, während der vordere Lenker 2 vom sitzträgerseitigen Gelenk A aus ebenfalls nach vorne und in einem spitzen Winkel nach oben geneigt verläuft. Aufgrund der gewählten Geometrie des Viergelenkgetriebes wird der Sitzträger 3 und damit die Sitzplatte 7 beim Rückwärtsneigen der Rückenlehne 8 in die gestrichelte Position nach oben bewegt, und zwar mit einer kombinierten Translations- und Drehbewegung, die einer Schwenkung um einer gedachte horizontale Schwenkachse K entspricht, die in einem Abstand vor und etwas oberhalb der Vorderkante der Sitzplatte 7 liegt, und zwar etwa dort, wo sich die Kniegelenkachse einer auf der Sitzplatte 7 sitzenden Person normaler Größe befinden würde. Die mit der Neigungsänderung der Rückenlehne 8 verbundene Auf- und Abbewegung der Sitzplatte 7 läßt somit die Lage der Knie des Benutzers, und damit auch den Kontakt der Füße zum Boden im wesentlichen unbeeinflußt.The section 10 of the back support 4 lying between the swivel joint D and the connecting joint C forms a rear linker, and the double articulated lever 2 forms a front link of a four-link mechanism leading the seat part 3 with the articulation points A, B, C and D. The link 10 is from the swivel joint D. from almost horizontally directed towards the front, while the front link 2 also runs forward from the seat support-side joint A and inclines upward at an acute angle. Due to the selected geometry of the four-bar linkage, the seat support 3 and thus the seat plate 7 is moved upwards when the backrest 8 is tilted back into the dashed position, with a combined translational and rotary movement which corresponds to a pivoting about an imaginary horizontal pivot axis K, which is located at a distance in front of and slightly above the front edge of the seat plate 7, approximately where the knee joint axis of a person of normal size sitting on the seat plate 7 would be. The up and down movement of the seat plate 7 associated with the change in inclination of the backrest 8 thus leaves the position of the knees of the user, and thus the contact of the feet with the floor is essentially unaffected.

Das der Rückwärtsneigung der Lehne 8 entgegenwirkende Rückstellmoment wird, wie eingangs erwähnt, vom Gewicht der auf der Sitzplatte 7 sitzenden Person aufgebracht. Der Kraftspeicher 5 braucht dieses Rückstellmoment nicht aufzubringen, sondern dient nur dazu, den Stuhl im unbesessenen Zustand in einer definierten Position zu halten. Selbstverständlich können übliche, auf den Kraftspeicher oder andere Teile der Synchronmechanik wirkende Arretiermittel vorgesehen sind, um den Stuhl in einer gewünschten Position auch starr zu arretieren.The restoring moment counteracting the backward inclination of the backrest 8 is, as mentioned at the outset, applied by the weight of the person sitting on the seat plate 7. The energy accumulator 5 does not need to apply this restoring moment, but only serves to hold the chair in a defined position in the unoccupied state. Of course, conventional locking means acting on the energy accumulator or other parts of the synchronous mechanism can also be provided in order to also rigidly lock the chair in a desired position.

Wie bereits erwähnt, zeigt die Zeichnung vereinfacht nur die für die Kinematik in der Zeichenebene wesentlichen Teile. Es ist selbstverständlich, daß die dargestellten Gelenke, Lenker usw. so ausgestaltet oder doppelt angeordnet sind, daß Sitzteil und Rückenträger über die Breite des Stuhls ausreichend abgestützt sind.As already mentioned, the drawing shows only the parts that are essential for the kinematics in the drawing plane. It goes without saying that the joints, links, etc. shown are designed or arranged twice so that the seat part and back support are adequately supported over the width of the chair.

Claims (4)

  1. A chair, in particular an office chair or work chair, having a seat carrier (1), a back carrier (4) pivotably mounted thereon at a swivel joint (D) and a seat part (3, 7) which in its front region is connected with the seat carrier (1) via a double toggle joint (2) and in a connecting joint (C) situated therebehind is connected with the back carrier (4), wherein the double toggle joint (2) forms a front link and the part (10) of the back carrier (4) situated between the swivel joint (D) and the connecting joint (C) forms a rear link of a four-bar linkage which guides the seat part (3, 7) and which causes the seat part (3, 7) to be raised relative to the seat carrier (1) when the back carrier (4) is rearwardly inclined,
    characterised in that the lengths of the front link (2) and rear link (10) and the location of their pivot points (A, B, C, D) are chosen so that the movement of the seat carrier (3, 7) controlled thereby is approximately a pivoting movement about an imaginary horizontal pivot axis (K) situated at a distance in front of the front edge of the seat part (3, 7).
  2. A chair according to Claim 1, characterised in that the imaginary pivot axis (K) coincides approximately with the knee joint axis of a person sitting on the seat part (3, 7).
  3. A chair according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the back carrier (4) has an approximately horizontal arm which engages under the seat part (3, 7), which is mounted on the seat carrier (1) at the swivel joint (D) and the portion (10) of which extending forwards beyond the swivel joint (D) forms the rear link connected with the seat part in the connecting joint (C).
  4. A chair according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that an energy accumulator (5) engaging on the back carrier (4) or on the seat carrier (3, 7) [sic] or on one of the links (2, 10) is provided, which maintains the unoccupied chair in a definitive position.
EP93116099A 1992-10-06 1993-10-05 Chair, in particular an office chair Expired - Lifetime EP0591932B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4233628A DE4233628A1 (en) 1992-10-06 1992-10-06 Chair, especially office or work chair
DE4233628 1992-10-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0591932A1 EP0591932A1 (en) 1994-04-13
EP0591932B1 true EP0591932B1 (en) 1995-12-20

Family

ID=6469786

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93116099A Expired - Lifetime EP0591932B1 (en) 1992-10-06 1993-10-05 Chair, in particular an office chair

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0591932B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE131701T1 (en)
DE (2) DE4233628A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2052470T3 (en)
GR (1) GR940300043T1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6637072B2 (en) 2000-09-29 2003-10-28 Formway Furniture Limited Castored base for an office chair
US7798573B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2010-09-21 Formway Furniture Limited Reclinable chair
US11553797B2 (en) 2015-04-13 2023-01-17 Steelcase Inc. Seating arrangement

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102098945B (en) * 2008-05-02 2013-11-06 霍沃思公司 Tension mechanism for a weight-responsive chair
CN203952966U (en) * 2014-06-26 2014-11-26 陈国巨 The chair that when chair back layback, cushion reach also declines simultaneously
US11259637B2 (en) 2015-04-13 2022-03-01 Steelcase Inc. Seating arrangement
MX2017013130A (en) 2015-04-13 2018-03-07 Steelcase Inc Seating arrangement.
EP3858196B1 (en) * 2016-02-05 2023-09-20 Formway Furniture Limited A chair and components
CN113507865A (en) 2019-02-21 2021-10-15 斯特尔凯斯公司 Body support assembly and methods for use and assembly thereof
US11357329B2 (en) 2019-12-13 2022-06-14 Steelcase Inc. Body support assembly and methods for the use and assembly thereof

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3617624A1 (en) * 1986-05-26 1987-12-03 Drabert Soehne CHAIR
US4834454A (en) * 1987-05-15 1989-05-30 Faultless-Doerner Manufacturing Inc. Office chair with tiltable seat and back
WO1992020262A1 (en) * 1991-05-24 1992-11-26 Equus Marketing Ag Working chair, especially office chair

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7798573B2 (en) 2000-09-28 2010-09-21 Formway Furniture Limited Reclinable chair
US6637072B2 (en) 2000-09-29 2003-10-28 Formway Furniture Limited Castored base for an office chair
US11553797B2 (en) 2015-04-13 2023-01-17 Steelcase Inc. Seating arrangement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2052470T3 (en) 1996-04-16
DE59301201D1 (en) 1996-02-01
DE4233628A1 (en) 1994-04-07
EP0591932A1 (en) 1994-04-13
ES2052470T1 (en) 1994-07-16
ATE131701T1 (en) 1996-01-15
GR940300043T1 (en) 1994-07-29

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