EP0590218A1 - Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves - Google Patents

Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0590218A1
EP0590218A1 EP92810740A EP92810740A EP0590218A1 EP 0590218 A1 EP0590218 A1 EP 0590218A1 EP 92810740 A EP92810740 A EP 92810740A EP 92810740 A EP92810740 A EP 92810740A EP 0590218 A1 EP0590218 A1 EP 0590218A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
leaves
baskets
storage basket
chute
storage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92810740A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0590218B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques Babey
Eric Willem Borst De
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Philip Morris Products SA
Original Assignee
Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA filed Critical Fabriques de Tabac Reunies SA
Priority to EP92810740A priority Critical patent/EP0590218B1/en
Priority to DE69201243T priority patent/DE69201243T2/en
Priority to ES92810740T priority patent/ES2069403T3/en
Priority to TR92/1237A priority patent/TR26407A/en
Priority to SI9300503A priority patent/SI9300503A/en
Priority to MD96-0324A priority patent/MD1583C2/en
Priority to PCT/CH1993/000231 priority patent/WO1994007381A1/en
Priority to TJ96000374A priority patent/TJ341B/en
Priority to RO94-00899A priority patent/RO116155B1/en
Priority to YU62693A priority patent/YU48824B/en
Priority to HR92810740.8A priority patent/HRP931245B1/en
Publication of EP0590218A1 publication Critical patent/EP0590218A1/en
Priority to BG98802A priority patent/BG60896B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0590218B1 publication Critical patent/EP0590218B1/en
Priority to GR950400657T priority patent/GR3015524T3/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B1/00—Preparation of tobacco on the plantation
    • A24B1/08—Suspending devices for tobacco leaves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates first of all to a storage process for drying plant leaves as well as to a device allowing the implementation of this process, the process and the device being in particular suitable for drying tobacco leaves and more particularly with tobacco leaves called "oriental".
  • the same device can also be used during the harvest for pre-sorting the leaves according to their size and / or quality.
  • the tobacco leaves When harvested, the tobacco leaves are generally placed in wicker baskets of circular section, the leaves being arranged like the spokes of a wheel, their petioles being arranged in the center of the basket.
  • the leaves For drying, the leaves are taken one by one from the basket and threaded on a long metal needle, a hole being made in the part of the leaf close to the petiole. They are then transferred and pressed against each other on a string to form a garland of about 120 to 140 cm containing 500 to 1000 sheets, depending on the type and size of the leaves.
  • garlands are then hung by their ends to frames arranged in the open air or under protections, depending on local climatic conditions and / or the degree of drying achieved by the tobacco.
  • the garlands are generally manipulated in order to modify their exposure to the sun, and thus allow each garland to receive approximately the same amount of radiation. solar.
  • the garlands are taken up and piled on top of each other so that the leaves can begin their fermentation process, this fermentation continuing later when the leaves have been removed from their suspension twine and will have been grouped into bundles.
  • the twine when opening the garlands to make the bales of tobacco, the twine is generally cut in several places, which leaves debris or sections of twine in the bale of tobacco, these pieces of string representing pollution tobacco, capable of modifying its taste and which is difficult to eliminate during subsequent manufacturing operations. Since the twine is relatively fragile, it can break, requiring the recovery of all the leaves it supported and increasing the risk of eventually finding twine debris in the tobacco.
  • a first object of the invention is to propose a method for storing tobacco leaves during the drying operation, as well as a device provided for this purpose, making it possible to eliminate the above-mentioned defects in the art. prior, or in particular to facilitate the harvesting and sorting operation during harvesting, then to facilitate the handling of the sheets during their drying, allowing these operations to be carried out by mechanical means, and finally allowing each sheet to be reached and replaced individually during drying.
  • Another object of the invention is finally to completely dispense with the string constituting the garland in order to avoid the presence of debris in the tobacco.
  • the invention provides a storage method meeting the characteristics of claims 1 to 3, as well as a storage basket having the characteristics mentioned in claims 4 to 11. Uses of said baskets are described in claims 12 and 13.
  • each sheet is pierced with a hole, through which a string passes, in order to form a garland.
  • the tobacco leaves 1 are arranged in stacks in the storage basket 2, being held by a chute 20 on which they are supported by part of their outer edges.
  • the cross section of the chute 20 can take many forms, for example a V shape with an apex angle preferably of the order of 60 °, as shown in FIG. 1A, or else a semi-rectangular shape, as shown in Figure 1B, or then consist of several rods or parallel rods approximately matching the shape of the leaves 1, as shown in Figure 1C.
  • Each end of the trunking 20 is closed by an end plate 21, generally of rectangular shape, fixed to the trunking 20 according to a known technique, essentially depending on the materials used both for the trunking 20 and for the end plates 21.
  • the chute 20 When loading the basket 2, it is preferably placed so that the chute 20 is horizontal or then forming an angle with respect to the ground, depending on the stability of the basket 2 and the sheets inside that here, but preferably of the order of 45 °, the open part of the chute 20 facing upwards, the first sheet 1 being pressed by one of its faces against one of the end plates 21, the other sheets coming to be placed successively in a vertical, respectively oblique position, resting on the previous one and on the bottom of the chute 20.
  • the basket 2 is filled until the leaves 1 contained in the chute 20 are slightly compressed between the two end plates 21.
  • the choice of the transverse shape of the chute as well as its dimensions can be made to take into account the particular shape and dimensions of the leaves to be harvested; for example, the V shape of FIG. 1A will be more suited to sheets of variable dimensions and of relatively round shape, the trough shown in FIG. 1B will accept more elongated sheets but of variable dimensions while the trough of FIG. 1C will better suited to sheets with fairly constant dimensions. In any case, it is obviously possible to be able to use simultaneously several baskets 2 having chutes 20 whose shape and / or transverse dimensions are different, in order to be able to adapt better to the shapes and dimensions of the leaves harvested from a line of tobacco plants.
  • the length of the basket 2, respectively of the chute 20 will be chosen in such a way that the full basket can easily be handled; this length will therefore be of the order of 1 m to 1.5 m, so that the mass to be handled is of the order of magnitude of ten kg.
  • the dimensions of the support plates 21, in particular the height above the open part of the chute 20 will be sufficient for all the sheets placed in the chute to be entered in the template of the basket.
  • this trellis will preferably consist of large meshes in order to facilitate the circulation of air during drying.
  • the free lateral edges of the chute 20 may be provided with longitudinal reinforcements 22 consisting of bars or rods connecting the two end plates.
  • longitudinal reinforcements 22 consisting of bars or rods connecting the two end plates.
  • transverse reinforcements 23 can be provided. These different reinforcements 22 or 23 serve mainly to improve the stability and the rigidity of the basket.
  • each basket can also be provided with means 24, for example as shown in FIG. 3A, at least one plate disposed on each face of an edge of the end plates, these plates extending beyond said border so as to be able to insert between them an opposite border of another basket, which makes it possible to stack the baskets 2 on top of each other.
  • gripping means such as for example handles 25 which allow a basket to be easily manipulated or else which allow it to be gripped by mechanical means, for example a forklift. It is also possible, as can be seen in FIG.
  • the device 24 or equivalent means allowing the stacking of the baskets 2 will preferably be used when the baskets 2 are also used in the open field for harvesting tobacco; by superimposing baskets whose shape and / or dimensions of the chute differ, it is possible to directly carry out a first sorting of the sheets according to their size and their dimensions.
  • the same stacking device will be used during a drying phase where it is necessary to limit the circulation of air by tightening the basket against each other.
  • the frame 27, comprising the means 28 making it possible to adjust the relative positions of the baskets between them will preferably be used in a drying installation and during a phase when it is necessary for a certain amount of air to circulate between the baskets. Due to the rigidity of the baskets 2, it is quite possible to expose the leaves to the sun not only horizontally as for a garland on string, but according to any desired angle of exposure.
  • the method and the device according to the invention make it possible to facilitate both the harvesting of tobacco and its drying, by improving the means of storing tobacco, in particular making it possible to significantly reduce the handling of the leaves, to be able to access easily to a determined sheet inside the basket to remove or add it, without tearing it, and to allow easier handling of the baskets by mechanical handling means.
  • the invention has been described applying to tobacco leaves, but it can just as easily be used for other plant products.

Abstract

A method and a storage basket have been developed to facilitate the harvesting, sorting and drying of plant leaves such as tobacco leaves. The basket (2) principally consists of a chute (20), the shape and size of which can be adjusted to the shape and size of the leaves (1) to be harvested, each end of the chute ending in an end plate (21). Handles (25; 26) enable the baskets to be held easily, optionally by mechanical means. Other means (24; 27, 28) enable the baskets to be stacked one on top of the other, either close together or a distance apart. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne tout d'abord un procédé d'entreposage pour le séchage de feuilles végétales ainsi qu'un dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, le procédé et le dispositif étant notamment adaptés au séchage de feuilles de tabac et plus particulièrement aux feuilles de tabac dit "oriental".The present invention relates first of all to a storage process for drying plant leaves as well as to a device allowing the implementation of this process, the process and the device being in particular suitable for drying tobacco leaves and more particularly with tobacco leaves called "oriental".

Le même dispositif peut aussi être utilisé lors de la récolte pour un tri préalable des feuilles selon leur grandeur et/ou leur qualité.The same device can also be used during the harvest for pre-sorting the leaves according to their size and / or quality.

Lors de leur récolte, les feuilles de tabac sont généralement disposées dans des paniers en osier de section circulaire, les feuilles étant arrangées comme les rayons d'une roue, leurs pétioles étant disposés au centre du panier. Pour le séchage, les feuilles sont reprises une à une de la corbeille et enfilées sur une longue aiguille métallique, un trou étant fait dans la partie de la feuille proche du pétiole. Elles sont ensuite transférées et pressées les unes contre les autres sur une ficelle afin de former une guirlande d'environ 120 à 140 cm contenant de 500 à 1000 feuilles, dépendant du type et de la grandeur des feuilles.When harvested, the tobacco leaves are generally placed in wicker baskets of circular section, the leaves being arranged like the spokes of a wheel, their petioles being arranged in the center of the basket. For drying, the leaves are taken one by one from the basket and threaded on a long metal needle, a hole being made in the part of the leaf close to the petiole. They are then transferred and pressed against each other on a string to form a garland of about 120 to 140 cm containing 500 to 1000 sheets, depending on the type and size of the leaves.

Ces guirlandes sont ensuite accrochées par leurs extrémités à des châssis disposés à l'air libre ou sous des protections, dépendant des conditions climatiques locales et/ou du degré de séchage atteint par le tabac.These garlands are then hung by their ends to frames arranged in the open air or under protections, depending on local climatic conditions and / or the degree of drying achieved by the tobacco.

Durant le séchage, les guirlandes sont généralement manipulées afin de modifier leur exposition au soleil, et permettre ainsi que chaque guirlande reçoive approximativement la même quantité de rayonnement solaire.During drying, the garlands are generally manipulated in order to modify their exposure to the sun, and thus allow each garland to receive approximately the same amount of radiation. solar.

Après que le degré de séchage des feuilles ait été atteint, les guirlandes sont reprises et entassées les unes sur les autres afin que les feuilles puissent commencer leur processus de fermentation, cette fermentation se poursuivant ultérieurement lorsque les feuilles auront été retirées de leur ficelle de suspension et auront été regroupées en ballots.After the degree of drying of the leaves has been reached, the garlands are taken up and piled on top of each other so that the leaves can begin their fermentation process, this fermentation continuing later when the leaves have been removed from their suspension twine and will have been grouped into bundles.

Ce procédé de suspension des feuilles de tabac en guirlandes est connu et utilisé depuis fort longtemps; il comporte néanmoins une série d'inconvénients. Tout d'abord, lors de la récolte du tabac et avant que les feuilles ne soient disposées en guirlandes, la technique habituelle nécessite un grand nombre d'opération, tri des feuilles selon leur grandeur, respectivement selon leur hauteur d'insertion sur le plan de tabac, disposition des feuilles dans le panier de récolte, reprise du panier et enfilage des feuilles sur l'aiguille et enfin transfert des paquets de feuilles sur la ficelle. Chacune de ces opérations prend du temps, nécessite du personnel et surtout provoque chaque fois une manipulation des feuilles de tabac. Lorsque les feuilles sont disposées en guirlandes, si on peut relativement facilement accéder à une ou plusieurs feuilles pour les retirer de la guirlande en les déchirant, pour un contrôle ou lorsque certaines feuilles sont mal triées ou présentent des signes de maladie, il est difficile de les replacer sur une guirlande, ce qui nécessite de décrocher une guirlande et de repercer les feuilles en question. D'autre part, vu que la guirlande est souple, il est difficile de prévoir des moyens mécanisés pour leur transport ainsi que pour les opérations d'échange de position lors du séchage, ledit séchage ne pouvant s'effectuer qu'en disposant les deux extrémités de la guirlande à la même hauteur. Et enfin, lors de l'ouverture des guirlandes afin de confectionner les ballots de tabac, on coupe généralement la ficelle en plusieurs endroits, ce qui laisse des débris ou des tronçons de ficelles dans le ballot de tabac, ces bouts de ficelle représentant une pollution du tabac, susceptible d'en modifier le goût et qu'il est difficile d'éliminer durant la suite des opérations de fabrication. Vu que la ficelle est relativement fragile, elle peut se rompre, nécessitant une reprise de toutes les feuilles qu'elle supportait et augmentant le risque de trouver finalement des débris de ficelle dans le tabac.This process of hanging tobacco leaves in garlands has been known and used for a very long time; it nevertheless has a series of drawbacks. First of all, during the tobacco harvest and before the leaves are arranged in garlands, the usual technique requires a large number of operations, sorting the leaves according to their size, respectively according to their insertion height on the plan of tobacco, arrangement of the leaves in the harvest basket, recovery of the basket and threading of the leaves on the needle and finally transfer of the packets of leaves on the string. Each of these operations takes time, requires personnel and, above all, causes the tobacco leaves to be handled each time. When the leaves are arranged in garlands, if it is relatively easy to access one or more leaves to remove them from the garland by tearing them, for control or when some leaves are poorly sorted or show signs of disease, it is difficult to replace them on a garland, which requires unhooking a garland and piercing the leaves in question. On the other hand, since the garland is flexible, it is difficult to provide mechanized means for their transport as well as for the position exchange operations during drying, said drying can only be carried out by placing the two ends of the garland at the same height. And finally, when opening the garlands to make the bales of tobacco, the twine is generally cut in several places, which leaves debris or sections of twine in the bale of tobacco, these pieces of string representing pollution tobacco, capable of modifying its taste and which is difficult to eliminate during subsequent manufacturing operations. Since the twine is relatively fragile, it can break, requiring the recovery of all the leaves it supported and increasing the risk of eventually finding twine debris in the tobacco.

Un premier but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé d'entreposage des feuilles de tabac durant l'opération de séchage, ainsi qu'un dispositif prévu à cet effet, permettant d'éliminer les défauts mentionnés ci-dessus de l'art antérieur, soit en particulier de faciliter l'opération de récolte et de tri lors de la récolte, puis de faciliter la manutention des feuilles durant leur séchage, permettant que ces opérations se fassent par des moyens mécaniques, et permettant enfin que chaque feuille puisse être atteinte et replacée individuellement durant le séchage. Un autre but de l'invention est enfin de s'affranchir complètement de la ficelle constituant la guirlande afin d'éviter la présence de débris dans le tabac.A first object of the invention is to propose a method for storing tobacco leaves during the drying operation, as well as a device provided for this purpose, making it possible to eliminate the above-mentioned defects in the art. prior, or in particular to facilitate the harvesting and sorting operation during harvesting, then to facilitate the handling of the sheets during their drying, allowing these operations to be carried out by mechanical means, and finally allowing each sheet to be reached and replaced individually during drying. Another object of the invention is finally to completely dispense with the string constituting the garland in order to avoid the presence of debris in the tobacco.

Afin d'atteindre ces buts, l'invention propose un procédé d'entreposage répondant aux caractéristiques des revendications 1 à 3, ainsi qu'un panier d'entreposage possédant les caractéristiques mentionnées dans les revendications 4 à 11. Des utilisations desdits paniers sont décrites dans les revendications 12 et 13.In order to achieve these goals, the invention provides a storage method meeting the characteristics of claims 1 to 3, as well as a storage basket having the characteristics mentioned in claims 4 to 11. Uses of said baskets are described in claims 12 and 13.

L'invention est plus particulièrement compréhensible à partir de la description qui suit et du dessin en annexe comportant les figures où:

  • les figures 1A, 1B et 1C représentent, vues en coupe transversale, trois formes d'exécution possibles d'un panier d'entreposage selon l'invention,
  • les figures 2A, 2B et 2C représentent des vues en perspectives des formes d'exécution des figures précédentes, et
  • les figures 3A et 3B représentent des formes d'exécution des moyens prévus pour superposer les paniers d'entreposage ainsi que pour leur manutention.
Sur les figures 1A, 1B et 1C on distingue des feuilles de tabac 1 maintenues dans des paniers d'entreposage 2 selon trois parmi toutes les formes d'exécution possibles desdits paniers. Les feuilles de tabac 1 ont une forme allongée, le rapport entre la largeur et la longueur, pour la variété dite "orientale" étant de l'ordre de grandeur de 1 sur 2. Les feuilles récoltées sur la partie haute du plant ont généralement une longueur de l'ordre de 3 à 5 cm alors que celles récoltées à mi-hauteur du plant peuvent atteindre 15 cm, des longueurs intermédiaires étant obtenues pour les feuilles du bas du plant.The invention is more particularly understandable from the following description and from the drawing annexed with figures where:
  • FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C represent, seen in cross section, three possible embodiments of a storage basket according to the invention,
  • FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C represent perspective views of the embodiments of the preceding figures, and
  • Figures 3A and 3B show embodiments of the means provided for superimposing the storage baskets as well as for their handling.
In FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C a distinction is made between tobacco leaves 1 held in storage baskets 2 according to three among all the possible embodiments of said baskets. Tobacco leaves 1 have an elongated shape, the ratio between width and length, for the so-called "oriental" variety being of the order of magnitude of 1 out of 2. The leaves harvested from the upper part of the plant generally have a length of the order of 3 to 5 cm while those harvested at mid-height of the plant can reach 15 cm, intermediate lengths being obtained for the leaves of the bottom of the plant.

Selon la technique antérieure, chaque feuille est percée d'un trou, par lequel passe une ficelle, afin de former une guirlande. Selon la technique proposée par l'invention, les feuilles de tabac 1 sont disposées en piles dans le panier d'entreposage 2, étant maintenues par une goulotte 20 sur laquelle elles s'appuient par une partie de leurs bords extérieures. La section transversale de la goulotte 20 peut prendre de nombreuses formes, par exemple une forme en V avec un angle au sommet de préférence de l'ordre de 60°, comme représenté à la figure 1A, ou alors une forme semi-rectangulaire, comme représenté à la figure 1B, ou alors être constituée de plusieurs baguettes ou tiges parallèles épousant approximativement la forme des feuilles 1, comme représenté à la figure 1C. Chaque extrémité des goulottes 20 est fermée par une plaque d'extrémité 21, généralement de forme rectangulaire, fixées aux goulottes 20 selon une technique connue, dépendant essentiellement des matériaux utilisés tant pour les goulottes 20 que pour les plaques d'extrémités 21.According to the prior art, each sheet is pierced with a hole, through which a string passes, in order to form a garland. According to the technique proposed by the invention, the tobacco leaves 1 are arranged in stacks in the storage basket 2, being held by a chute 20 on which they are supported by part of their outer edges. The cross section of the chute 20 can take many forms, for example a V shape with an apex angle preferably of the order of 60 °, as shown in FIG. 1A, or else a semi-rectangular shape, as shown in Figure 1B, or then consist of several rods or parallel rods approximately matching the shape of the leaves 1, as shown in Figure 1C. Each end of the trunking 20 is closed by an end plate 21, generally of rectangular shape, fixed to the trunking 20 according to a known technique, essentially depending on the materials used both for the trunking 20 and for the end plates 21.

Lors du chargement du panier 2, celui-ci est placé de préférence de manière à ce que la goulotte 20 soit horizontale ou alors formant un angle par rapport au sol, dépendant de la stabilité du panier 2 et des feuilles à l'intérieur de celui-ci, mais de préférence de l'ordre de 45°, la partie ouverte de la goulotte 20 dirigée vers le haut, la première feuille 1 étant appuyée par l'une de ses faces contre l'une des plaques d'extrémité 21, les autres feuilles venant se placer successivement en position verticale, respectivement oblique, s'appuyant sur la précédente et sur le fond de la goulotte 20. Le panier 2 est rempli jusqu'à ce que les feuilles 1 contenues dans la goulotte 20 soient légèrement comprimées entre les deux plaques d'extrémité 21.When loading the basket 2, it is preferably placed so that the chute 20 is horizontal or then forming an angle with respect to the ground, depending on the stability of the basket 2 and the sheets inside that here, but preferably of the order of 45 °, the open part of the chute 20 facing upwards, the first sheet 1 being pressed by one of its faces against one of the end plates 21, the other sheets coming to be placed successively in a vertical, respectively oblique position, resting on the previous one and on the bottom of the chute 20. The basket 2 is filled until the leaves 1 contained in the chute 20 are slightly compressed between the two end plates 21.

Le choix de la forme transversale de la goulotte ainsi que de ses dimensions peut être fait afin de tenir compte de la forme particulière et des dimensions des feuilles à récolter; par exemple la forme en V de la figure 1A sera plus adaptée à des feuilles de dimensions variables et de forme relativement ronde, la goulotte représentée à la figure 1B acceptera des feuilles plus allongées mais de dimensions variables alors que la goulotte de la figure 1C sera mieux adaptées à des feuilles ayant des dimensions assez constantes. Dans tous les cas, il est évidemment possible de pouvoir employer simultanément plusieurs paniers 2 ayant des goulottes 20 dont la forme et/ou les dimensions transversales sont différentes, afin de pouvoir s'adapter au-mieux aux formes et dimensions des feuilles récoltées sur une ligne de plants de tabac.The choice of the transverse shape of the chute as well as its dimensions can be made to take into account the particular shape and dimensions of the leaves to be harvested; for example, the V shape of FIG. 1A will be more suited to sheets of variable dimensions and of relatively round shape, the trough shown in FIG. 1B will accept more elongated sheets but of variable dimensions while the trough of FIG. 1C will better suited to sheets with fairly constant dimensions. In any case, it is obviously possible to be able to use simultaneously several baskets 2 having chutes 20 whose shape and / or transverse dimensions are different, in order to be able to adapt better to the shapes and dimensions of the leaves harvested from a line of tobacco plants.

La longueur du panier 2, respectivement de la goulotte 20 sera choisie de telle manière à ce que le panier plein puisse facilement être manipulé; cette longueur sera donc de l'ordre de 1 m à 1,5 m, de manière à ce que la masse à manipuler soit de l'ordre de grandeur d'une dizaine de kg.The length of the basket 2, respectively of the chute 20 will be chosen in such a way that the full basket can easily be handled; this length will therefore be of the order of 1 m to 1.5 m, so that the mass to be handled is of the order of magnitude of ten kg.

Les dimensions des plaques d'appui 21, notamment la hauteur au-dessus de la partie ouverte de la goulotte 20 seront suffisantes pour que toutes les feuilles disposées dans la goulotte soient inscrites dans le gabarit du panier.The dimensions of the support plates 21, in particular the height above the open part of the chute 20 will be sufficient for all the sheets placed in the chute to be entered in the template of the basket.

Les contraintes concernant les matériaux utilisés aussi bien pour la goulotte 20 que pour les plaques d'extrémité 21 consistent essentiellement à employer un matériau ne rouillant pas, ce qui pourrait abîmer les feuilles et leur donner un goût non désiré, et ne s'écaillant pas afin d'éviter d'en retrouver des débris dans le tabac. De plus le panier doit être relativement solide afin de supporter de nombreuses manipulations et il doit être stable et supporter le rayonnement solaire sans dégradation. On choisira donc un treillis en acier inoxydable, en acier zingué ou en aluminium ou alors en matériau synthétique ou en métal recouvert d'un matériau synthétique pour former la goulotte 20 de l'une des forme d'exécution des figures 1A ou 1B, alors que les barres ou tiges formant la goulotte 20 de la figure 1C pourront être de l'un des matériaux cités-ci-dessus ou alors en bois. De même les plaques d'extrémités 21 seront de l'un de ces matériaux, la fixation de la goulotte 20 à ses plaques d'extrémités 21 étant adaptée en conséquence.The constraints concerning the materials used both for the chute 20 and for the end plates 21 essentially consist in using a material which does not rust, which could damage the leaves and give them an undesired taste, and which does not flake off. to avoid finding debris in the tobacco. In addition, the basket must be relatively solid in order to withstand numerous manipulations and it must be stable and withstand solar radiation without degradation. We therefore choose a trellis made of stainless steel, galvanized steel or aluminum or else of synthetic material or metal covered with synthetic material to form the chute 20 of one of the embodiments of FIGS. 1A or 1B, then that the bars or rods forming the chute 20 of Figure 1C may be one of the materials mentioned above or then wood. Similarly, the end plates 21 will be of one of these materials, the fixing of the chute 20 to its plates of ends 21 being adapted accordingly.

Dans le cas où un treillis est choisi pour constituer la goulotte 20, ce treillis sera de préférence constitué de larges mailles afin de faciliter la circulation d'air lors du séchage. Comme on le voit aux figures 1A, 1B, 2A et 2B, les bords latéraux libres de la goulotte 20 peuvent être munis de renforcements longitudinaux 22 constituées de barres ou de tiges reliant les deux plaques d'extrémités. Pour la forme d'exécution de la figure 1C ou 2C, on peut prévoir un ou plusieurs renforts transversaux 23. Ces différents renforts 22 ou 23 servent principalement à améliorer la stabilité et la rigidité du panier.In the case where a trellis is chosen to constitute the chute 20, this trellis will preferably consist of large meshes in order to facilitate the circulation of air during drying. As seen in Figures 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B, the free lateral edges of the chute 20 may be provided with longitudinal reinforcements 22 consisting of bars or rods connecting the two end plates. For the embodiment of FIG. 1C or 2C, one or more transverse reinforcements 23 can be provided. These different reinforcements 22 or 23 serve mainly to improve the stability and the rigidity of the basket.

D'autres dispositifs annexes peuvent aussi être prévus sur chaque panier, comme on le voit aux figures 3A et 3B; par exemple les bords inférieurs ou supérieurs de chaque plaque d'extrémité 21 peuvent être munis de moyens 24, par exemple comme représenté sur la figure 3A, au-moins une plaquette disposée sur chaque face d'une bordure des plaques d'extrémités, ces plaquettes se prolongeant en delà de ladite bordure afin de pouvoir insérer entre elles une bordure opposée d'un autre panier, ce qui permet d'empiler les paniers 2 les uns sur les autres. Ils peuvent aussi être munis de moyens de saisie, comme par exemple des poignées 25 qui permettent de manipuler facilement un panier ou alors qui permettent de le ou les saisir par des moyens mécaniques, par exemple un élévateur à fourche. Il est aussi possible, comme on le voit à la figure 3B, de prévoir des poignées 26 permettant d'installer les paniers 2 sur un châssis 27, constitué par exemple de deux échelles verticales, les poignées 26 venant se crocher à des échelons 28 disposés de telle manière qu'il soit possible de régler l'espacement entre deux paniers afin d'optimiser les conditions de circulation d'air entre les paniers ainsi que les conditions d'ensoleillement desdits paniers.Other ancillary devices can also be provided on each basket, as seen in Figures 3A and 3B; for example the lower or upper edges of each end plate 21 can be provided with means 24, for example as shown in FIG. 3A, at least one plate disposed on each face of an edge of the end plates, these plates extending beyond said border so as to be able to insert between them an opposite border of another basket, which makes it possible to stack the baskets 2 on top of each other. They can also be provided with gripping means, such as for example handles 25 which allow a basket to be easily manipulated or else which allow it to be gripped by mechanical means, for example a forklift. It is also possible, as can be seen in FIG. 3B, to provide handles 26 allowing the baskets 2 to be installed on a frame 27, consisting for example of two vertical ladders, the handles 26 coming to hook onto steps 28 arranged in such a way that it is possible to adjust the spacing between two baskets in order to optimize the air circulation conditions between the baskets as well as the conditions of sunshine of said baskets.

Le dispositif 24 ou des moyens équivalents permettant l'empilement des paniers 2 sera de préférence utilisé lorsque les paniers 2 sont aussi utilisés en plein champs pour la récolte du tabac; en superposant des paniers dont la forme et/ou les dimensions de la goulotte diffèrent, il est possible d'effectuer directement un premier tri des feuilles selon leur grosseur et leurs dimensions. Le même dispositif d'empilement sera utilisé durant une phase de séchage où il est nécessaire de limiter la circulation d'air en serrant les panier les uns contre les autres. Le châssis 27, comportant les moyens 28 permettant de régler les positions relatives des paniers entre eux sera de préférence utilisé dans une installation de séchage et durant une phase où il est nécessaire qu'une certaine quantité d'air circule entre les paniers. De par la rigidité des paniers 2, il est tout à fait possible d'exposer les feuilles au soleil non pas uniquement horizontalement comme pour une guirlande sur ficelle, mais selon n'importe quel angle d'exposition désiré.The device 24 or equivalent means allowing the stacking of the baskets 2 will preferably be used when the baskets 2 are also used in the open field for harvesting tobacco; by superimposing baskets whose shape and / or dimensions of the chute differ, it is possible to directly carry out a first sorting of the sheets according to their size and their dimensions. The same stacking device will be used during a drying phase where it is necessary to limit the circulation of air by tightening the basket against each other. The frame 27, comprising the means 28 making it possible to adjust the relative positions of the baskets between them will preferably be used in a drying installation and during a phase when it is necessary for a certain amount of air to circulate between the baskets. Due to the rigidity of the baskets 2, it is quite possible to expose the leaves to the sun not only horizontally as for a garland on string, but according to any desired angle of exposure.

Ainsi, le procédé et le dispositif selon l'invention permettent de faciliter aussi bien la récolte du tabac que son séchage, en améliorant les moyens d'entreposage du tabac, permettant en particulier de diminuer de façon sensible les manipulations des feuilles, de pouvoir accéder facilement à une feuille déterminée à l'intérieur du panier pour la retirer ou l'ajouter, ceci sans la déchirer, et de permettre une manipulation facilitée des paniers par des moyens mécaniques de manutention. L'invention a été décrite s'appliquant à des feuilles de tabac, mais elle peut tout aussi bien être utilisée pour d'autres produits végétaux.Thus, the method and the device according to the invention make it possible to facilitate both the harvesting of tobacco and its drying, by improving the means of storing tobacco, in particular making it possible to significantly reduce the handling of the leaves, to be able to access easily to a determined sheet inside the basket to remove or add it, without tearing it, and to allow easier handling of the baskets by mechanical handling means. The invention has been described applying to tobacco leaves, but it can just as easily be used for other plant products.

Claims (13)

Procédé d'entreposage de feuilles végétales (1), caractérisé en ce que lesdites feuilles sont disposées en piles dans au moins un panier d'entreposage (2), étant maintenues par une goulotte (20) et deux plaques d'extrémités (21) dudit panier d'entreposage, chaque feuille étant librement accessible pour être retirée ou introduite dans un panier d'entreposage.Method for storing plant leaves (1), characterized in that said leaves are arranged in stacks in at least one storage basket (2), being held by a chute (20) and two end plates (21) of said storage basket, each sheet being freely accessible for removal or introduction into a storage basket. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est appliqué dans une installation de séchage comprenant une pluralité de paniers d'entreposage, des moyens (24;26,27) étant disposés dans l'installation et sur les paniers afin de permettre de régler les positions relatives desdits paniers d'entreposage.Method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is applied in a drying installation comprising a plurality of storage baskets, means (24; 26,27) being arranged in the installation and on the baskets in order to allow to adjust the relative positions of said storage baskets. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il s'applique au séchage de feuilles de tabac.Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it applies to the drying of tobacco leaves. Panier d'entreposage pour l'application du procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué d'une goulotte (20) de forme généralement concave munie à ses deux extrémités de plaques d'extrémités (21) parallèles entre elles et perpendiculaires à l'axe longitudinal de la goulotte.Storage basket for the application of the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of a chute (20) of generally concave shape provided at its two ends with end plates (21) mutually parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the chute. Panier d'entreposage selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que des ouvertures sont aménagées sur les parois de la goulotte afin de faciliter la circulation d'air.Storage basket according to claim 4, characterized in that openings are provided on the walls of the chute in order to facilitate the circulation of air. Panier d'entreposage selon l'une des revendications 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que la forme et les dimensions de la goulotte sont approximativement adaptées à la forme et aux dimensions des feuilles.Storage basket according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the shape and dimensions of the chute are approximately adapted to the shape and dimensions of the sheets. Panier d'entreposage selon l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des renforcements longitudinaux (22) ou transversaux (23).Storage basket according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that it comprises longitudinal (22) or transverse (23) reinforcements. Panier d'entreposage selon l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il est équipé de poignées de manutention (25,26).Storage basket according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that it is equipped with handling handles (25,26). Panier d'entreposage selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que lesdites poignées de manutention sont adaptées à une saisie du panier par des moyens mécaniques.Storage basket according to claim 8, characterized in that said handling handles are suitable for gripping the basket by mechanical means. Panier d'entreposage selon l'une des revendications 8 ou 9, caractérisé en ce que lesdites poignées de manutention (26) sont adaptées afin de permettre d'installer ledit panier sur un support (27).Storage basket according to one of claims 8 or 9, characterized in that said handling handles (26) are adapted to allow said basket to be installed on a support (27). Panier d'entreposage selon l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens (24) permettant l'empilage d'une pluralité desdits paniers.Storage basket according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that it comprises means (24) allowing the stacking of a plurality of said baskets. Utilisation d'une pluralité de paniers d'entreposage selon l'une des revendications 4 à 11 pour la récolte et le tri préalable de feuilles de tabac, des paniers ayant des goulottes de forme et/ou de dimensions différentes étant à disposition pour un tri préalable des feuilles de tabac.Use of a plurality of storage baskets according to one of claims 4 to 11 for harvesting and pre-sorting tobacco leaves, baskets having chutes of different shape and / or dimensions being available for sorting tobacco leaves. Utilisation de paniers d'entreposage selon l'une des revendications 4 à 11, dans une installation de séchage de feuilles de tabac comportant au-moins un châssis (27) comportant des moyens (28) permettant de régler la position relative entre les paniers.Use of storage baskets according to one of claims 4 to 11, in a tobacco leaf drying installation comprising at least one frame (27) comprising means (28) for adjusting the relative position between the baskets.
EP92810740A 1992-10-01 1992-10-01 Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves Expired - Lifetime EP0590218B1 (en)

Priority Applications (13)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92810740A EP0590218B1 (en) 1992-10-01 1992-10-01 Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves
DE69201243T DE69201243T2 (en) 1992-10-01 1992-10-01 Method and storage basket for drying plant leaves, especially tobacco leaves.
ES92810740T ES2069403T3 (en) 1992-10-01 1992-10-01 PROCEDURE AND STORAGE BASKET FOR DRYING PLANT LEAVES, MAINLY TOBACCO LEAVES.
TR92/1237A TR26407A (en) 1992-10-01 1992-12-23 PACKAGING METHODS AND BASKETS FOR DRYING VEHICLE LEAVES, especially VEGETABLE LEAVES.
SI9300503A SI9300503A (en) 1992-10-01 1993-09-27 Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves
PCT/CH1993/000231 WO1994007381A1 (en) 1992-10-01 1993-09-29 Storage method and basket for drying plant leaves, particularly tobacco leaves
MD96-0324A MD1583C2 (en) 1992-10-01 1993-09-29 Process and basket for plant leaves piling, utilization of baskets for harvesting, sorting and drying the tobacco leaves
TJ96000374A TJ341B (en) 1992-10-01 1993-09-29 Method of preservation of leafs of plants container and use of containers for the collection and preliminary sortings leafs of tobacco
RO94-00899A RO116155B1 (en) 1992-10-01 1993-09-29 Installation for drying plant leaves, particularly tobacco leaves
YU62693A YU48824B (en) 1992-10-01 1993-09-30 Procedure and the basket for arrangement of the leaves of the herbs for drying and particularly tobacco leaves
HR92810740.8A HRP931245B1 (en) 1992-10-01 1993-09-30 Method and storage basket for drying vegetable leaves, particularly tobacco leaves
BG98802A BG60896B1 (en) 1992-10-01 1994-05-30 Method and trough for storing and drying of leaves of plants, in particular of tobacco leaves
GR950400657T GR3015524T3 (en) 1992-10-01 1995-03-22 Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92810740A EP0590218B1 (en) 1992-10-01 1992-10-01 Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0590218A1 true EP0590218A1 (en) 1994-04-06
EP0590218B1 EP0590218B1 (en) 1995-01-18

Family

ID=8211999

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92810740A Expired - Lifetime EP0590218B1 (en) 1992-10-01 1992-10-01 Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves

Country Status (13)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0590218B1 (en)
BG (1) BG60896B1 (en)
DE (1) DE69201243T2 (en)
ES (1) ES2069403T3 (en)
GR (1) GR3015524T3 (en)
HR (1) HRP931245B1 (en)
MD (1) MD1583C2 (en)
RO (1) RO116155B1 (en)
SI (1) SI9300503A (en)
TJ (1) TJ341B (en)
TR (1) TR26407A (en)
WO (1) WO1994007381A1 (en)
YU (1) YU48824B (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
MD2185G2 (en) * 2002-09-11 2003-12-31 Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий Device for stringing of tobacco leaves on double needles

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3166348A (en) * 1963-03-05 1965-01-19 Charles C Granger Tobacco curing apparatus
US3167227A (en) * 1962-09-17 1965-01-26 Sr William Julian Walden Carrier for use in handling tobacco leaves or the like
FR1455414A (en) * 1965-09-03 1966-04-01 Device for storing and transporting bunches of bananas and vehicle incorporating this device
US3773054A (en) * 1971-04-07 1973-11-20 E Clark Tobacco curing
US4730721A (en) * 1984-07-02 1988-03-15 Demaiter Leon J Tobacco harvester
CH679070A5 (en) * 1990-04-05 1991-12-13 Werner Rietmann Drying semiconductor wafer using block on base of bath - lifting wafers clear of holder for complete drying when bath is emptied

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3167227A (en) * 1962-09-17 1965-01-26 Sr William Julian Walden Carrier for use in handling tobacco leaves or the like
US3166348A (en) * 1963-03-05 1965-01-19 Charles C Granger Tobacco curing apparatus
FR1455414A (en) * 1965-09-03 1966-04-01 Device for storing and transporting bunches of bananas and vehicle incorporating this device
US3773054A (en) * 1971-04-07 1973-11-20 E Clark Tobacco curing
US4730721A (en) * 1984-07-02 1988-03-15 Demaiter Leon J Tobacco harvester
CH679070A5 (en) * 1990-04-05 1991-12-13 Werner Rietmann Drying semiconductor wafer using block on base of bath - lifting wafers clear of holder for complete drying when bath is emptied

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
MD1583B2 (en) 2001-01-31
WO1994007381A1 (en) 1994-04-14
HRP931245B1 (en) 1999-06-30
YU48824B (en) 2001-12-26
BG98802A (en) 1995-05-31
GR3015524T3 (en) 1995-06-30
RO116155B1 (en) 2000-11-30
DE69201243T2 (en) 1995-08-10
MD1583C2 (en) 2001-07-31
TR26407A (en) 1995-03-15
SI9300503A (en) 1994-06-30
BG60896B1 (en) 1996-06-28
HRP931245A2 (en) 1994-12-31
ES2069403T3 (en) 1995-05-01
YU62693A (en) 1996-05-20
DE69201243D1 (en) 1995-03-02
EP0590218B1 (en) 1995-01-18
TJ341B (en) 2002-10-06

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