EP0590218A1 - Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0590218A1 EP0590218A1 EP92810740A EP92810740A EP0590218A1 EP 0590218 A1 EP0590218 A1 EP 0590218A1 EP 92810740 A EP92810740 A EP 92810740A EP 92810740 A EP92810740 A EP 92810740A EP 0590218 A1 EP0590218 A1 EP 0590218A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- leaves
- baskets
- storage basket
- chute
- storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150036453 sur-2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B1/00—Preparation of tobacco on the plantation
- A24B1/08—Suspending devices for tobacco leaves
Definitions
- the present invention relates first of all to a storage process for drying plant leaves as well as to a device allowing the implementation of this process, the process and the device being in particular suitable for drying tobacco leaves and more particularly with tobacco leaves called "oriental".
- the same device can also be used during the harvest for pre-sorting the leaves according to their size and / or quality.
- the tobacco leaves When harvested, the tobacco leaves are generally placed in wicker baskets of circular section, the leaves being arranged like the spokes of a wheel, their petioles being arranged in the center of the basket.
- the leaves For drying, the leaves are taken one by one from the basket and threaded on a long metal needle, a hole being made in the part of the leaf close to the petiole. They are then transferred and pressed against each other on a string to form a garland of about 120 to 140 cm containing 500 to 1000 sheets, depending on the type and size of the leaves.
- garlands are then hung by their ends to frames arranged in the open air or under protections, depending on local climatic conditions and / or the degree of drying achieved by the tobacco.
- the garlands are generally manipulated in order to modify their exposure to the sun, and thus allow each garland to receive approximately the same amount of radiation. solar.
- the garlands are taken up and piled on top of each other so that the leaves can begin their fermentation process, this fermentation continuing later when the leaves have been removed from their suspension twine and will have been grouped into bundles.
- the twine when opening the garlands to make the bales of tobacco, the twine is generally cut in several places, which leaves debris or sections of twine in the bale of tobacco, these pieces of string representing pollution tobacco, capable of modifying its taste and which is difficult to eliminate during subsequent manufacturing operations. Since the twine is relatively fragile, it can break, requiring the recovery of all the leaves it supported and increasing the risk of eventually finding twine debris in the tobacco.
- a first object of the invention is to propose a method for storing tobacco leaves during the drying operation, as well as a device provided for this purpose, making it possible to eliminate the above-mentioned defects in the art. prior, or in particular to facilitate the harvesting and sorting operation during harvesting, then to facilitate the handling of the sheets during their drying, allowing these operations to be carried out by mechanical means, and finally allowing each sheet to be reached and replaced individually during drying.
- Another object of the invention is finally to completely dispense with the string constituting the garland in order to avoid the presence of debris in the tobacco.
- the invention provides a storage method meeting the characteristics of claims 1 to 3, as well as a storage basket having the characteristics mentioned in claims 4 to 11. Uses of said baskets are described in claims 12 and 13.
- each sheet is pierced with a hole, through which a string passes, in order to form a garland.
- the tobacco leaves 1 are arranged in stacks in the storage basket 2, being held by a chute 20 on which they are supported by part of their outer edges.
- the cross section of the chute 20 can take many forms, for example a V shape with an apex angle preferably of the order of 60 °, as shown in FIG. 1A, or else a semi-rectangular shape, as shown in Figure 1B, or then consist of several rods or parallel rods approximately matching the shape of the leaves 1, as shown in Figure 1C.
- Each end of the trunking 20 is closed by an end plate 21, generally of rectangular shape, fixed to the trunking 20 according to a known technique, essentially depending on the materials used both for the trunking 20 and for the end plates 21.
- the chute 20 When loading the basket 2, it is preferably placed so that the chute 20 is horizontal or then forming an angle with respect to the ground, depending on the stability of the basket 2 and the sheets inside that here, but preferably of the order of 45 °, the open part of the chute 20 facing upwards, the first sheet 1 being pressed by one of its faces against one of the end plates 21, the other sheets coming to be placed successively in a vertical, respectively oblique position, resting on the previous one and on the bottom of the chute 20.
- the basket 2 is filled until the leaves 1 contained in the chute 20 are slightly compressed between the two end plates 21.
- the choice of the transverse shape of the chute as well as its dimensions can be made to take into account the particular shape and dimensions of the leaves to be harvested; for example, the V shape of FIG. 1A will be more suited to sheets of variable dimensions and of relatively round shape, the trough shown in FIG. 1B will accept more elongated sheets but of variable dimensions while the trough of FIG. 1C will better suited to sheets with fairly constant dimensions. In any case, it is obviously possible to be able to use simultaneously several baskets 2 having chutes 20 whose shape and / or transverse dimensions are different, in order to be able to adapt better to the shapes and dimensions of the leaves harvested from a line of tobacco plants.
- the length of the basket 2, respectively of the chute 20 will be chosen in such a way that the full basket can easily be handled; this length will therefore be of the order of 1 m to 1.5 m, so that the mass to be handled is of the order of magnitude of ten kg.
- the dimensions of the support plates 21, in particular the height above the open part of the chute 20 will be sufficient for all the sheets placed in the chute to be entered in the template of the basket.
- this trellis will preferably consist of large meshes in order to facilitate the circulation of air during drying.
- the free lateral edges of the chute 20 may be provided with longitudinal reinforcements 22 consisting of bars or rods connecting the two end plates.
- longitudinal reinforcements 22 consisting of bars or rods connecting the two end plates.
- transverse reinforcements 23 can be provided. These different reinforcements 22 or 23 serve mainly to improve the stability and the rigidity of the basket.
- each basket can also be provided with means 24, for example as shown in FIG. 3A, at least one plate disposed on each face of an edge of the end plates, these plates extending beyond said border so as to be able to insert between them an opposite border of another basket, which makes it possible to stack the baskets 2 on top of each other.
- gripping means such as for example handles 25 which allow a basket to be easily manipulated or else which allow it to be gripped by mechanical means, for example a forklift. It is also possible, as can be seen in FIG.
- the device 24 or equivalent means allowing the stacking of the baskets 2 will preferably be used when the baskets 2 are also used in the open field for harvesting tobacco; by superimposing baskets whose shape and / or dimensions of the chute differ, it is possible to directly carry out a first sorting of the sheets according to their size and their dimensions.
- the same stacking device will be used during a drying phase where it is necessary to limit the circulation of air by tightening the basket against each other.
- the frame 27, comprising the means 28 making it possible to adjust the relative positions of the baskets between them will preferably be used in a drying installation and during a phase when it is necessary for a certain amount of air to circulate between the baskets. Due to the rigidity of the baskets 2, it is quite possible to expose the leaves to the sun not only horizontally as for a garland on string, but according to any desired angle of exposure.
- the method and the device according to the invention make it possible to facilitate both the harvesting of tobacco and its drying, by improving the means of storing tobacco, in particular making it possible to significantly reduce the handling of the leaves, to be able to access easily to a determined sheet inside the basket to remove or add it, without tearing it, and to allow easier handling of the baskets by mechanical handling means.
- the invention has been described applying to tobacco leaves, but it can just as easily be used for other plant products.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne tout d'abord un procédé d'entreposage pour le séchage de feuilles végétales ainsi qu'un dispositif permettant la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé, le procédé et le dispositif étant notamment adaptés au séchage de feuilles de tabac et plus particulièrement aux feuilles de tabac dit "oriental".The present invention relates first of all to a storage process for drying plant leaves as well as to a device allowing the implementation of this process, the process and the device being in particular suitable for drying tobacco leaves and more particularly with tobacco leaves called "oriental".
Le même dispositif peut aussi être utilisé lors de la récolte pour un tri préalable des feuilles selon leur grandeur et/ou leur qualité.The same device can also be used during the harvest for pre-sorting the leaves according to their size and / or quality.
Lors de leur récolte, les feuilles de tabac sont généralement disposées dans des paniers en osier de section circulaire, les feuilles étant arrangées comme les rayons d'une roue, leurs pétioles étant disposés au centre du panier. Pour le séchage, les feuilles sont reprises une à une de la corbeille et enfilées sur une longue aiguille métallique, un trou étant fait dans la partie de la feuille proche du pétiole. Elles sont ensuite transférées et pressées les unes contre les autres sur une ficelle afin de former une guirlande d'environ 120 à 140 cm contenant de 500 à 1000 feuilles, dépendant du type et de la grandeur des feuilles.When harvested, the tobacco leaves are generally placed in wicker baskets of circular section, the leaves being arranged like the spokes of a wheel, their petioles being arranged in the center of the basket. For drying, the leaves are taken one by one from the basket and threaded on a long metal needle, a hole being made in the part of the leaf close to the petiole. They are then transferred and pressed against each other on a string to form a garland of about 120 to 140 cm containing 500 to 1000 sheets, depending on the type and size of the leaves.
Ces guirlandes sont ensuite accrochées par leurs extrémités à des châssis disposés à l'air libre ou sous des protections, dépendant des conditions climatiques locales et/ou du degré de séchage atteint par le tabac.These garlands are then hung by their ends to frames arranged in the open air or under protections, depending on local climatic conditions and / or the degree of drying achieved by the tobacco.
Durant le séchage, les guirlandes sont généralement manipulées afin de modifier leur exposition au soleil, et permettre ainsi que chaque guirlande reçoive approximativement la même quantité de rayonnement solaire.During drying, the garlands are generally manipulated in order to modify their exposure to the sun, and thus allow each garland to receive approximately the same amount of radiation. solar.
Après que le degré de séchage des feuilles ait été atteint, les guirlandes sont reprises et entassées les unes sur les autres afin que les feuilles puissent commencer leur processus de fermentation, cette fermentation se poursuivant ultérieurement lorsque les feuilles auront été retirées de leur ficelle de suspension et auront été regroupées en ballots.After the degree of drying of the leaves has been reached, the garlands are taken up and piled on top of each other so that the leaves can begin their fermentation process, this fermentation continuing later when the leaves have been removed from their suspension twine and will have been grouped into bundles.
Ce procédé de suspension des feuilles de tabac en guirlandes est connu et utilisé depuis fort longtemps; il comporte néanmoins une série d'inconvénients. Tout d'abord, lors de la récolte du tabac et avant que les feuilles ne soient disposées en guirlandes, la technique habituelle nécessite un grand nombre d'opération, tri des feuilles selon leur grandeur, respectivement selon leur hauteur d'insertion sur le plan de tabac, disposition des feuilles dans le panier de récolte, reprise du panier et enfilage des feuilles sur l'aiguille et enfin transfert des paquets de feuilles sur la ficelle. Chacune de ces opérations prend du temps, nécessite du personnel et surtout provoque chaque fois une manipulation des feuilles de tabac. Lorsque les feuilles sont disposées en guirlandes, si on peut relativement facilement accéder à une ou plusieurs feuilles pour les retirer de la guirlande en les déchirant, pour un contrôle ou lorsque certaines feuilles sont mal triées ou présentent des signes de maladie, il est difficile de les replacer sur une guirlande, ce qui nécessite de décrocher une guirlande et de repercer les feuilles en question. D'autre part, vu que la guirlande est souple, il est difficile de prévoir des moyens mécanisés pour leur transport ainsi que pour les opérations d'échange de position lors du séchage, ledit séchage ne pouvant s'effectuer qu'en disposant les deux extrémités de la guirlande à la même hauteur. Et enfin, lors de l'ouverture des guirlandes afin de confectionner les ballots de tabac, on coupe généralement la ficelle en plusieurs endroits, ce qui laisse des débris ou des tronçons de ficelles dans le ballot de tabac, ces bouts de ficelle représentant une pollution du tabac, susceptible d'en modifier le goût et qu'il est difficile d'éliminer durant la suite des opérations de fabrication. Vu que la ficelle est relativement fragile, elle peut se rompre, nécessitant une reprise de toutes les feuilles qu'elle supportait et augmentant le risque de trouver finalement des débris de ficelle dans le tabac.This process of hanging tobacco leaves in garlands has been known and used for a very long time; it nevertheless has a series of drawbacks. First of all, during the tobacco harvest and before the leaves are arranged in garlands, the usual technique requires a large number of operations, sorting the leaves according to their size, respectively according to their insertion height on the plan of tobacco, arrangement of the leaves in the harvest basket, recovery of the basket and threading of the leaves on the needle and finally transfer of the packets of leaves on the string. Each of these operations takes time, requires personnel and, above all, causes the tobacco leaves to be handled each time. When the leaves are arranged in garlands, if it is relatively easy to access one or more leaves to remove them from the garland by tearing them, for control or when some leaves are poorly sorted or show signs of disease, it is difficult to replace them on a garland, which requires unhooking a garland and piercing the leaves in question. On the other hand, since the garland is flexible, it is difficult to provide mechanized means for their transport as well as for the position exchange operations during drying, said drying can only be carried out by placing the two ends of the garland at the same height. And finally, when opening the garlands to make the bales of tobacco, the twine is generally cut in several places, which leaves debris or sections of twine in the bale of tobacco, these pieces of string representing pollution tobacco, capable of modifying its taste and which is difficult to eliminate during subsequent manufacturing operations. Since the twine is relatively fragile, it can break, requiring the recovery of all the leaves it supported and increasing the risk of eventually finding twine debris in the tobacco.
Un premier but de l'invention est de proposer un procédé d'entreposage des feuilles de tabac durant l'opération de séchage, ainsi qu'un dispositif prévu à cet effet, permettant d'éliminer les défauts mentionnés ci-dessus de l'art antérieur, soit en particulier de faciliter l'opération de récolte et de tri lors de la récolte, puis de faciliter la manutention des feuilles durant leur séchage, permettant que ces opérations se fassent par des moyens mécaniques, et permettant enfin que chaque feuille puisse être atteinte et replacée individuellement durant le séchage. Un autre but de l'invention est enfin de s'affranchir complètement de la ficelle constituant la guirlande afin d'éviter la présence de débris dans le tabac.A first object of the invention is to propose a method for storing tobacco leaves during the drying operation, as well as a device provided for this purpose, making it possible to eliminate the above-mentioned defects in the art. prior, or in particular to facilitate the harvesting and sorting operation during harvesting, then to facilitate the handling of the sheets during their drying, allowing these operations to be carried out by mechanical means, and finally allowing each sheet to be reached and replaced individually during drying. Another object of the invention is finally to completely dispense with the string constituting the garland in order to avoid the presence of debris in the tobacco.
Afin d'atteindre ces buts, l'invention propose un procédé d'entreposage répondant aux caractéristiques des revendications 1 à 3, ainsi qu'un panier d'entreposage possédant les caractéristiques mentionnées dans les revendications 4 à 11. Des utilisations desdits paniers sont décrites dans les revendications 12 et 13.In order to achieve these goals, the invention provides a storage method meeting the characteristics of
L'invention est plus particulièrement compréhensible à partir de la description qui suit et du dessin en annexe comportant les figures où:
- les figures 1A, 1B et 1C représentent, vues en coupe transversale, trois formes d'exécution possibles d'un panier d'entreposage selon l'invention,
- les figures 2A, 2B et 2C représentent des vues en perspectives des formes d'exécution des figures précédentes, et
- les figures 3A et 3B représentent des formes d'exécution des moyens prévus pour superposer les paniers d'entreposage ainsi que pour leur manutention.
- FIGS. 1A, 1B and 1C represent, seen in cross section, three possible embodiments of a storage basket according to the invention,
- FIGS. 2A, 2B and 2C represent perspective views of the embodiments of the preceding figures, and
- Figures 3A and 3B show embodiments of the means provided for superimposing the storage baskets as well as for their handling.
Selon la technique antérieure, chaque feuille est percée d'un trou, par lequel passe une ficelle, afin de former une guirlande. Selon la technique proposée par l'invention, les feuilles de tabac 1 sont disposées en piles dans le panier d'entreposage 2, étant maintenues par une goulotte 20 sur laquelle elles s'appuient par une partie de leurs bords extérieures. La section transversale de la goulotte 20 peut prendre de nombreuses formes, par exemple une forme en V avec un angle au sommet de préférence de l'ordre de 60°, comme représenté à la figure 1A, ou alors une forme semi-rectangulaire, comme représenté à la figure 1B, ou alors être constituée de plusieurs baguettes ou tiges parallèles épousant approximativement la forme des feuilles 1, comme représenté à la figure 1C. Chaque extrémité des goulottes 20 est fermée par une plaque d'extrémité 21, généralement de forme rectangulaire, fixées aux goulottes 20 selon une technique connue, dépendant essentiellement des matériaux utilisés tant pour les goulottes 20 que pour les plaques d'extrémités 21.According to the prior art, each sheet is pierced with a hole, through which a string passes, in order to form a garland. According to the technique proposed by the invention, the
Lors du chargement du panier 2, celui-ci est placé de préférence de manière à ce que la goulotte 20 soit horizontale ou alors formant un angle par rapport au sol, dépendant de la stabilité du panier 2 et des feuilles à l'intérieur de celui-ci, mais de préférence de l'ordre de 45°, la partie ouverte de la goulotte 20 dirigée vers le haut, la première feuille 1 étant appuyée par l'une de ses faces contre l'une des plaques d'extrémité 21, les autres feuilles venant se placer successivement en position verticale, respectivement oblique, s'appuyant sur la précédente et sur le fond de la goulotte 20. Le panier 2 est rempli jusqu'à ce que les feuilles 1 contenues dans la goulotte 20 soient légèrement comprimées entre les deux plaques d'extrémité 21.When loading the
Le choix de la forme transversale de la goulotte ainsi que de ses dimensions peut être fait afin de tenir compte de la forme particulière et des dimensions des feuilles à récolter; par exemple la forme en V de la figure 1A sera plus adaptée à des feuilles de dimensions variables et de forme relativement ronde, la goulotte représentée à la figure 1B acceptera des feuilles plus allongées mais de dimensions variables alors que la goulotte de la figure 1C sera mieux adaptées à des feuilles ayant des dimensions assez constantes. Dans tous les cas, il est évidemment possible de pouvoir employer simultanément plusieurs paniers 2 ayant des goulottes 20 dont la forme et/ou les dimensions transversales sont différentes, afin de pouvoir s'adapter au-mieux aux formes et dimensions des feuilles récoltées sur une ligne de plants de tabac.The choice of the transverse shape of the chute as well as its dimensions can be made to take into account the particular shape and dimensions of the leaves to be harvested; for example, the V shape of FIG. 1A will be more suited to sheets of variable dimensions and of relatively round shape, the trough shown in FIG. 1B will accept more elongated sheets but of variable dimensions while the trough of FIG. 1C will better suited to sheets with fairly constant dimensions. In any case, it is obviously possible to be able to use simultaneously
La longueur du panier 2, respectivement de la goulotte 20 sera choisie de telle manière à ce que le panier plein puisse facilement être manipulé; cette longueur sera donc de l'ordre de 1 m à 1,5 m, de manière à ce que la masse à manipuler soit de l'ordre de grandeur d'une dizaine de kg.The length of the
Les dimensions des plaques d'appui 21, notamment la hauteur au-dessus de la partie ouverte de la goulotte 20 seront suffisantes pour que toutes les feuilles disposées dans la goulotte soient inscrites dans le gabarit du panier.The dimensions of the
Les contraintes concernant les matériaux utilisés aussi bien pour la goulotte 20 que pour les plaques d'extrémité 21 consistent essentiellement à employer un matériau ne rouillant pas, ce qui pourrait abîmer les feuilles et leur donner un goût non désiré, et ne s'écaillant pas afin d'éviter d'en retrouver des débris dans le tabac. De plus le panier doit être relativement solide afin de supporter de nombreuses manipulations et il doit être stable et supporter le rayonnement solaire sans dégradation. On choisira donc un treillis en acier inoxydable, en acier zingué ou en aluminium ou alors en matériau synthétique ou en métal recouvert d'un matériau synthétique pour former la goulotte 20 de l'une des forme d'exécution des figures 1A ou 1B, alors que les barres ou tiges formant la goulotte 20 de la figure 1C pourront être de l'un des matériaux cités-ci-dessus ou alors en bois. De même les plaques d'extrémités 21 seront de l'un de ces matériaux, la fixation de la goulotte 20 à ses plaques d'extrémités 21 étant adaptée en conséquence.The constraints concerning the materials used both for the
Dans le cas où un treillis est choisi pour constituer la goulotte 20, ce treillis sera de préférence constitué de larges mailles afin de faciliter la circulation d'air lors du séchage. Comme on le voit aux figures 1A, 1B, 2A et 2B, les bords latéraux libres de la goulotte 20 peuvent être munis de renforcements longitudinaux 22 constituées de barres ou de tiges reliant les deux plaques d'extrémités. Pour la forme d'exécution de la figure 1C ou 2C, on peut prévoir un ou plusieurs renforts transversaux 23. Ces différents renforts 22 ou 23 servent principalement à améliorer la stabilité et la rigidité du panier.In the case where a trellis is chosen to constitute the
D'autres dispositifs annexes peuvent aussi être prévus sur chaque panier, comme on le voit aux figures 3A et 3B; par exemple les bords inférieurs ou supérieurs de chaque plaque d'extrémité 21 peuvent être munis de moyens 24, par exemple comme représenté sur la figure 3A, au-moins une plaquette disposée sur chaque face d'une bordure des plaques d'extrémités, ces plaquettes se prolongeant en delà de ladite bordure afin de pouvoir insérer entre elles une bordure opposée d'un autre panier, ce qui permet d'empiler les paniers 2 les uns sur les autres. Ils peuvent aussi être munis de moyens de saisie, comme par exemple des poignées 25 qui permettent de manipuler facilement un panier ou alors qui permettent de le ou les saisir par des moyens mécaniques, par exemple un élévateur à fourche. Il est aussi possible, comme on le voit à la figure 3B, de prévoir des poignées 26 permettant d'installer les paniers 2 sur un châssis 27, constitué par exemple de deux échelles verticales, les poignées 26 venant se crocher à des échelons 28 disposés de telle manière qu'il soit possible de régler l'espacement entre deux paniers afin d'optimiser les conditions de circulation d'air entre les paniers ainsi que les conditions d'ensoleillement desdits paniers.Other ancillary devices can also be provided on each basket, as seen in Figures 3A and 3B; for example the lower or upper edges of each
Le dispositif 24 ou des moyens équivalents permettant l'empilement des paniers 2 sera de préférence utilisé lorsque les paniers 2 sont aussi utilisés en plein champs pour la récolte du tabac; en superposant des paniers dont la forme et/ou les dimensions de la goulotte diffèrent, il est possible d'effectuer directement un premier tri des feuilles selon leur grosseur et leurs dimensions. Le même dispositif d'empilement sera utilisé durant une phase de séchage où il est nécessaire de limiter la circulation d'air en serrant les panier les uns contre les autres. Le châssis 27, comportant les moyens 28 permettant de régler les positions relatives des paniers entre eux sera de préférence utilisé dans une installation de séchage et durant une phase où il est nécessaire qu'une certaine quantité d'air circule entre les paniers. De par la rigidité des paniers 2, il est tout à fait possible d'exposer les feuilles au soleil non pas uniquement horizontalement comme pour une guirlande sur ficelle, mais selon n'importe quel angle d'exposition désiré.The
Ainsi, le procédé et le dispositif selon l'invention permettent de faciliter aussi bien la récolte du tabac que son séchage, en améliorant les moyens d'entreposage du tabac, permettant en particulier de diminuer de façon sensible les manipulations des feuilles, de pouvoir accéder facilement à une feuille déterminée à l'intérieur du panier pour la retirer ou l'ajouter, ceci sans la déchirer, et de permettre une manipulation facilitée des paniers par des moyens mécaniques de manutention. L'invention a été décrite s'appliquant à des feuilles de tabac, mais elle peut tout aussi bien être utilisée pour d'autres produits végétaux.Thus, the method and the device according to the invention make it possible to facilitate both the harvesting of tobacco and its drying, by improving the means of storing tobacco, in particular making it possible to significantly reduce the handling of the leaves, to be able to access easily to a determined sheet inside the basket to remove or add it, without tearing it, and to allow easier handling of the baskets by mechanical handling means. The invention has been described applying to tobacco leaves, but it can just as easily be used for other plant products.
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92810740A EP0590218B1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1992-10-01 | Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves |
ES92810740T ES2069403T3 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1992-10-01 | PROCEDURE AND STORAGE BASKET FOR DRYING PLANT LEAVES, MAINLY TOBACCO LEAVES. |
DE69201243T DE69201243T2 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1992-10-01 | Method and storage basket for drying plant leaves, especially tobacco leaves. |
TR92/1237A TR26407A (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1992-12-23 | PACKAGING METHODS AND BASKETS FOR DRYING VEHICLE LEAVES, especially VEGETABLE LEAVES. |
SI9300503A SI9300503A (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1993-09-27 | Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves |
RO94-00899A RO116155B1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1993-09-29 | Installation for drying plant leaves, particularly tobacco leaves |
PCT/CH1993/000231 WO1994007381A1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1993-09-29 | Storage method and basket for drying plant leaves, particularly tobacco leaves |
TJ96000374A TJ341B (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1993-09-29 | Method of preservation of leafs of plants container and use of containers for the collection and preliminary sortings leafs of tobacco |
MD96-0324A MD1583C2 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1993-09-29 | Process and basket for plant leaves piling, utilization of baskets for harvesting, sorting and drying the tobacco leaves |
YU62693A YU48824B (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1993-09-30 | Procedure and the basket for arrangement of the leaves of the herbs for drying and particularly tobacco leaves |
HR92810740.8A HRP931245B1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1993-09-30 | Method and storage basket for drying vegetable leaves, particularly tobacco leaves |
BG98802A BG60896B1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1994-05-30 | Method and trough for storing and drying of leaves of plants, in particular of tobacco leaves |
GR950400657T GR3015524T3 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1995-03-22 | Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP92810740A EP0590218B1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1992-10-01 | Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0590218A1 true EP0590218A1 (en) | 1994-04-06 |
EP0590218B1 EP0590218B1 (en) | 1995-01-18 |
Family
ID=8211999
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP92810740A Expired - Lifetime EP0590218B1 (en) | 1992-10-01 | 1992-10-01 | Method and storage basket for the drying of vegetable leaves, especially tobacco leaves |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0590218B1 (en) |
BG (1) | BG60896B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69201243T2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2069403T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3015524T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP931245B1 (en) |
MD (1) | MD1583C2 (en) |
RO (1) | RO116155B1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI9300503A (en) |
TJ (1) | TJ341B (en) |
TR (1) | TR26407A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1994007381A1 (en) |
YU (1) | YU48824B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MD2185G2 (en) * | 2002-09-11 | 2003-12-31 | Научно-исследовательский конструкторско-технологический институт табака и табачных изделий | Device for stringing of tobacco leaves on double needles |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3166348A (en) * | 1963-03-05 | 1965-01-19 | Charles C Granger | Tobacco curing apparatus |
US3167227A (en) * | 1962-09-17 | 1965-01-26 | Sr William Julian Walden | Carrier for use in handling tobacco leaves or the like |
FR1455414A (en) * | 1965-09-03 | 1966-04-01 | Device for storing and transporting bunches of bananas and vehicle incorporating this device | |
US3773054A (en) * | 1971-04-07 | 1973-11-20 | E Clark | Tobacco curing |
US4730721A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1988-03-15 | Demaiter Leon J | Tobacco harvester |
CH679070A5 (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-13 | Werner Rietmann | Drying semiconductor wafer using block on base of bath - lifting wafers clear of holder for complete drying when bath is emptied |
-
1992
- 1992-10-01 EP EP92810740A patent/EP0590218B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-10-01 DE DE69201243T patent/DE69201243T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-01 ES ES92810740T patent/ES2069403T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-23 TR TR92/1237A patent/TR26407A/en unknown
-
1993
- 1993-09-27 SI SI9300503A patent/SI9300503A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-29 TJ TJ96000374A patent/TJ341B/en unknown
- 1993-09-29 RO RO94-00899A patent/RO116155B1/en unknown
- 1993-09-29 WO PCT/CH1993/000231 patent/WO1994007381A1/en active Application Filing
- 1993-09-29 MD MD96-0324A patent/MD1583C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-30 HR HR92810740.8A patent/HRP931245B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-09-30 YU YU62693A patent/YU48824B/en unknown
-
1994
- 1994-05-30 BG BG98802A patent/BG60896B1/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-03-22 GR GR950400657T patent/GR3015524T3/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3167227A (en) * | 1962-09-17 | 1965-01-26 | Sr William Julian Walden | Carrier for use in handling tobacco leaves or the like |
US3166348A (en) * | 1963-03-05 | 1965-01-19 | Charles C Granger | Tobacco curing apparatus |
FR1455414A (en) * | 1965-09-03 | 1966-04-01 | Device for storing and transporting bunches of bananas and vehicle incorporating this device | |
US3773054A (en) * | 1971-04-07 | 1973-11-20 | E Clark | Tobacco curing |
US4730721A (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1988-03-15 | Demaiter Leon J | Tobacco harvester |
CH679070A5 (en) * | 1990-04-05 | 1991-12-13 | Werner Rietmann | Drying semiconductor wafer using block on base of bath - lifting wafers clear of holder for complete drying when bath is emptied |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GR3015524T3 (en) | 1995-06-30 |
ES2069403T3 (en) | 1995-05-01 |
YU48824B (en) | 2001-12-26 |
DE69201243T2 (en) | 1995-08-10 |
MD1583C2 (en) | 2001-07-31 |
BG98802A (en) | 1995-05-31 |
BG60896B1 (en) | 1996-06-28 |
RO116155B1 (en) | 2000-11-30 |
TJ341B (en) | 2002-10-06 |
HRP931245B1 (en) | 1999-06-30 |
EP0590218B1 (en) | 1995-01-18 |
DE69201243D1 (en) | 1995-03-02 |
TR26407A (en) | 1995-03-15 |
WO1994007381A1 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
HRP931245A2 (en) | 1994-12-31 |
SI9300503A (en) | 1994-06-30 |
YU62693A (en) | 1996-05-20 |
MD1583B2 (en) | 2001-01-31 |
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