EP0587841A1 - Electromagnetic actuator for, in particular, a valve - Google Patents

Electromagnetic actuator for, in particular, a valve

Info

Publication number
EP0587841A1
EP0587841A1 EP93906364A EP93906364A EP0587841A1 EP 0587841 A1 EP0587841 A1 EP 0587841A1 EP 93906364 A EP93906364 A EP 93906364A EP 93906364 A EP93906364 A EP 93906364A EP 0587841 A1 EP0587841 A1 EP 0587841A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
permanent magnet
pole plate
thickness
actuating device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93906364A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Erich Kleinhappl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AVL Medical Instruments AG
Original Assignee
AVL Medical Instruments AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AVL Medical Instruments AG filed Critical AVL Medical Instruments AG
Publication of EP0587841A1 publication Critical patent/EP0587841A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/16—Rectilinearly-movable armatures
    • H01F7/1607—Armatures entering the winding
    • H01F7/1615—Armatures or stationary parts of magnetic circuit having permanent magnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/121—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position
    • H01F7/122—Guiding or setting position of armatures, e.g. retaining armatures in their end position by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • Electromagnetic actuator especially for a valve
  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic actuating device, in particular for a valve, with a piston movable in the axial direction between two end positions, with an electromagnetic coil surrounding the piston for actuating the piston, with a permanent magnet for holding the piston in one of its end positions, and with at least one pole plate, which is arranged between the piston and the permanent magnet.
  • a bistable magnet is known from EP-A 373 142, which has a permanent magnet which holds the actuating piston in one of its end positions.
  • a guide plate of smaller cross section is arranged on the permanent magnet.
  • the piston can be connected to it via a magnetic short-circuiting disk.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid this disadvantage and in particular to provide an actuating device in which the magnetic forces can also be largely utilized by high-quality permanent magnets.
  • the permanent magnet in the form of a flat disk is completely covered by the pole plate towards the piston.
  • the edge area of an extremely flat permanent magnet can obviously also be used for the attraction of the piston.
  • the pole plate acts in the sense of bundling the magnetic field lines.
  • two pole plates are provided between the piston and the permanent magnet, the first pole plate having essentially the same cross section as the permanent magnet and the second pole plate essentially having the cross section of the piston. This measure allows a further optimal bundling of the field lines to be achieved. In principle, it is also possible to make the two pole plates in one piece.
  • the second pole plate is designed as a tube, in the interior of which a spring is arranged which holds the piston in its second end position.
  • the power transmission of the electromagnetic coil to the piston can be significantly increased if the pole plate at least partially covers the end face of the electromagnet. In this way, the electromagnet can be made much smaller and lighter with the same switching capacity.
  • a particularly favorable combination between good effectiveness and economical use of material by the actuating device is given when the thickness of the pole plate is smaller than the thickness of the permanent magnet. It is particularly advantageous if the thickness of the pole plate is between 30% and 80% of the thickness of the permanent magnet.
  • the invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the figure.
  • the figure shows an actuating device according to the invention in longitudinal section.
  • the actuating device consists of an outer jacket 1, in which a magnetically conductive sleeve 2 is arranged.
  • An electromagnet 3 is arranged concentrically around a piston 4 movable in the axial direction.
  • the piston 4 is used to switch a schematically illustrated valve by pressing a membrane 5 onto an opening 6.
  • a permanent magnet 18 is provided, which is designed in the form of a flat disk with the thickness D.
  • the thickness of the pole plate 17 is denoted by d.
  • a spring 15 is provided which presses the piston 4 into its lower end position, shown in the figure.
  • the actuating device according to the invention is bistable, i.e. , Both end positions of the piston 4 are maintained without external influences.
  • the electromagnet 3 is only used to switch between these two end positions.
  • the piston 4 In the lower end position shown in the figure, the piston 4 is held by the spring 15. In its upper end position, the piston 4 is held by the permanent magnet 18. At the top, the actuation device is closed off by a magnetically conductive plate 19.
  • the effect of the pole plate 17 was tested in a comparative experiment.
  • the magnet according to the invention was examined, as shown in FIG.
  • the holding force of the piston 4 was measured in its upper end position, ie the force was determined which was required to bring the piston 4 from the upper to the lower end position.
  • the spring 15 was removed in order to eliminate the influence of this spring 15.
  • the same device was examined after removing the pole plate 17.
  • a holding force of 16N was measured in the device according to the invention.
  • a comparison force resulted in a holding force of 7N.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de commande électromagnétique, notamment pour une soupape, qui comporte un piston (4) se déplaçant axialement entre deux positions extrêmes, une bobine électromagnétique (3) entourant le piston (4), afin d'actionner ledit piston (4), un aimant permanent (18) pour maintenir le piston (4) dans une de ses positions extrêmes, ainsi qu'au moins une joue magnétique (17) disposée entre le piston (4) et l'aimant permanent (18). On obtient une augmentation sensible de la force de maintien de l'aimant permanent (18) par le fait que l'aimant permanent (18) conçu sous la forme d'un disque plat est recouvert en totalité par la joue magnétique (17) en direction du piston (4).Electromagnetic control device, in particular for a valve, which comprises a piston (4) moving axially between two extreme positions, an electromagnetic coil (3) surrounding the piston (4), in order to actuate the said piston (4), a magnet permanent (18) to maintain the piston (4) in one of its extreme positions, as well as at least one magnetic cheek (17) arranged between the piston (4) and the permanent magnet (18). A significant increase in the holding force of the permanent magnet (18) is obtained by the fact that the permanent magnet (18) designed in the form of a flat disc is completely covered by the magnetic cheek (17) in direction of the piston (4).

Description

Elektromagnetische Betätiαunαsvorrichtung. insbesonders für ein VentilElectromagnetic actuator. especially for a valve
Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektromagnetische Betätigungsvor¬ richtung, insbesonders für ein Ventil, mit einem in axialer Richtung zwischen zwei Endlagen beweglichen Kolben, mit einer den Kolben umgebenden elektromagnetischen Spule zur Betätigung des Kolbens, mit einem Permanentmagneten zum Festhalten des Kolbens in einer seiner Endlagen sowie mit mindestens einer Polplatte, die zwischen Kolben und Permanentmagnet angeordnet ist.The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuating device, in particular for a valve, with a piston movable in the axial direction between two end positions, with an electromagnetic coil surrounding the piston for actuating the piston, with a permanent magnet for holding the piston in one of its end positions, and with at least one pole plate, which is arranged between the piston and the permanent magnet.
Aus der EP-A 373 142 ist ein bistabiler Magnet bekannt, der einen Permanentmagnet aufweist, der den Betätigungskolben in einer seiner Endlagen hält. Auf dem Permanentmagnet ist eine Leitplatte von kleinerem Querschnitt angeordnet. Der Kolben ist über eine magnetische Kurzschlußscheibe mit dieser in Ver¬ bindung bringbar.A bistable magnet is known from EP-A 373 142, which has a permanent magnet which holds the actuating piston in one of its end positions. A guide plate of smaller cross section is arranged on the permanent magnet. The piston can be connected to it via a magnetic short-circuiting disk.
Bei dieser bekannten Lösung ist ein relativ voluminöser Perma¬ nentmagnet herkömmlicher Zusammensetzung, etwa AlNiCo, vorge¬ sehen.In this known solution, a relatively voluminous permanent magnet of conventional composition, such as AlNiCo, is provided.
Bedingt durch die Forderung nach Miniaturisierung sämtlicher Bauteile und durch die Weiterentwicklungen auf dem Gebiet der Magnetlegierungen werden zunehmend Permanentmagnete auf Basis seltener Erden verwendet. Sowohl die Magnete auf Sama- rium-Cobalt-Basis als auch solche der Neodym-Eisen-Bor-Gruppe besitzen eine wesentlich höhere Energiedichte als herkömmliche Magnete. Durch die magnetischen Eigenschaften dieser Materia¬ lien werden optimale Ergebnisse nur dann erzielt, wenn die Ma¬ gnete als relativ flache Scheiben ausgeführt werden.Due to the demand for miniaturization of all components and further developments in the field of magnetic alloys, permanent magnets based on rare earths are increasingly being used. Both the samarium-cobalt-based magnets and those of the neodymium-iron-boron group have a much higher energy density than conventional magnets. Due to the magnetic properties of these materials, optimal results can only be achieved if the magnets are designed as relatively flat disks.
Es hat sich nun herausgestellt, daß bei bekannten Betätigungs¬ vorrichtungen der oben beschriebenen Art bei Verwendung von hochwertigen Permanentmagneten nur unbefriedigende magnetische Haltekräfte erzielbar sind. Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, diesen Nachteil zu vermeiden und insbesonders eine Betätigungsvorrichtung zu schaffen, bei der die Magnetkräfte auch von hochwertigen Per¬ manentmagneten weitgehend ausgenutzt werden können.It has now been found that in known actuating devices of the type described above, only unsatisfactory magnetic holding forces can be achieved when using high-quality permanent magnets. The object of the present invention is to avoid this disadvantage and in particular to provide an actuating device in which the magnetic forces can also be largely utilized by high-quality permanent magnets.
Erfindungsgemäß ist vorgesehen, daß der in Form einer flachen Scheibe ausgebildete Permanentmagnet zum Kolben hin vollstän¬ dig von der Polplatte überdeckt ist.According to the invention it is provided that the permanent magnet in the form of a flat disk is completely covered by the pole plate towards the piston.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung kann offensichtlich auch der Randbereich eines extrem flachen Permanentmagneten für die Anziehung des Kolbens herangezogen werden. Die Polplatte wirkt dabei im Sinne einer Bündelung der magnetischen Feldlinien.With the design according to the invention, the edge area of an extremely flat permanent magnet can obviously also be used for the attraction of the piston. The pole plate acts in the sense of bundling the magnetic field lines.
In einer bevorzugten AusführungsVariante der Erfindung sind zwischen Kolben und Permanentmagnet zwei Polplatten vorgesehen wobei die erste Polplatte im wesentlichen den gleichen Quer¬ schnitt wie der Permanentmagnet aufweist und wobei die zweite Polplatte im wesentlichen den Querschnitt des Kolbens auf¬ weist. Durch diese Maßnahme kann eine weitere optimale Bünde¬ lung der Feldlinien erreicht werden. Es ist im Prinzip auch möglich, die beiden Polplatten einstückig auszuführen.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, two pole plates are provided between the piston and the permanent magnet, the first pole plate having essentially the same cross section as the permanent magnet and the second pole plate essentially having the cross section of the piston. This measure allows a further optimal bundling of the field lines to be achieved. In principle, it is also possible to make the two pole plates in one piece.
Eine besonders platzsparende und einfach herzustellende Bau¬ weise der Betätigungsvorrichtung wird dadurch erreicht, daß die zweite Polplatte als Rohr ausgebildet ist, in dessen Inne¬ ren eine Feder angeordnet ist, die den Kolben in seiner zwei¬ ten Endlage hält.A particularly space-saving and easy to manufacture construction of the actuating device is achieved in that the second pole plate is designed as a tube, in the interior of which a spring is arranged which holds the piston in its second end position.
Die Kraftübertragung der elektromagnetischen Spule auf den Kolben kann wesentlich gesteigert werden, wenn die Polplatte die Stirnfläche des Elektromagneten zumindest teilweise über¬ deckt. Auf diese Weise kann bei gleicher Schaltleistung der Elektromagnet wesentlich kleiner und leichter ausgeführt wer¬ den.The power transmission of the electromagnetic coil to the piston can be significantly increased if the pole plate at least partially covers the end face of the electromagnet. In this way, the electromagnet can be made much smaller and lighter with the same switching capacity.
Eine besonders günstige Kombination zwischen guter Wirkungs¬ weise und sparsamen Materialeinsat2 der Betätigungsvorrichtung ist dann gegebn, wenn die Dicke der Polplatte kleiner ist als die Dicke des Permanentmagneten. Insbesondere ist günstig, wenn die Dicke der Polplatte zwischen 30% und 80% der Dicke des Permanentmagneten beträgt. Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand eines in der Figur dar¬ gestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Die Fig. zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Betätigungsvorrichtung im Längs¬ schnitt.A particularly favorable combination between good effectiveness and economical use of material by the actuating device is given when the thickness of the pole plate is smaller than the thickness of the permanent magnet. It is particularly advantageous if the thickness of the pole plate is between 30% and 80% of the thickness of the permanent magnet. The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of an exemplary embodiment shown in the figure. The figure shows an actuating device according to the invention in longitudinal section.
Die Betätigungsvorrichtung besteht aus einem Außenmantel 1, in dem eine magnetisch leitende eine Hülse 2 angeordnet ist. Ein Elektromagnet 3 ist konzentrisch um einen in axialer Richtung beweglichen Kolben 4 angeordnet. Der Kolben 4 dient zum Schal¬ ten eines schematisch dargestellten Ventils, indem er eine Membran 5 auf eine Öffnung 6 preßt.The actuating device consists of an outer jacket 1, in which a magnetically conductive sleeve 2 is arranged. An electromagnet 3 is arranged concentrically around a piston 4 movable in the axial direction. The piston 4 is used to switch a schematically illustrated valve by pressing a membrane 5 onto an opening 6.
Auf der vom Ventil abgekehrten Seite des Kolbens 4 ist ein Permanentmagnet 18 vorgesehen, der in Form einer flachen Scheibe mit der Dicke D ausgebildet ist. Direkt an den Perma¬ nentmagnet 18 liegt auf der zum Kolben 4 gerichteten Seite eine Polplatte 17 aus magnetisch leitfähigem Material, die den gleichen Querschnitt wie der Permanentmagnet 18 aufweist. Die Dicke der Polplatte 17 ist mit d bezeichnet. Eine weitere Pol¬ platte 16, die in ihrer Außenabmessung im wesentlichen dem Kolben 4 entspricht, schließt an die Polplatte 17 an. Im Inne¬ ren dieser rohrförmig ausgebildeten Polplatte 16 ist eine Fe¬ der 15 vorgesehen, die den Kolben 4 in seine untere, in der Fig. dargestellte Endlage preßt.On the side of the piston 4 facing away from the valve, a permanent magnet 18 is provided, which is designed in the form of a flat disk with the thickness D. A pole plate 17 made of magnetically conductive material, which has the same cross section as the permanent magnet 18, lies directly on the permanent magnet 18 on the side facing the piston 4. The thickness of the pole plate 17 is denoted by d. A further pole plate 16, which essentially corresponds in its outer dimension to the piston 4, adjoins the pole plate 17. In the interior of this tubular pole plate 16, a spring 15 is provided which presses the piston 4 into its lower end position, shown in the figure.
Die erfindungsgemäße Betätigungsvorrichtung ist bistabil, d.h. , beide Endlagen des Kolbens 4 werden ohne äußere Ein¬ flüsse beibehalten. Der Elektromagnet 3 dient lediglich zum Umschalten zwischen diesen beiden Endlagen. In der in der Fig. dargestellten unteren Endlage wird der Kolben 4 von der Fe¬ der 15 gehalten. In seiner oberen Endlage wird der Kolben 4 vom Permanentmagnet 18 gehalten. Nach oben hin ist die Betäti¬ gungsvorrichtung durch eine magnetisch leitende Platte 19 ab¬ geschlossen.The actuating device according to the invention is bistable, i.e. , Both end positions of the piston 4 are maintained without external influences. The electromagnet 3 is only used to switch between these two end positions. In the lower end position shown in the figure, the piston 4 is held by the spring 15. In its upper end position, the piston 4 is held by the permanent magnet 18. At the top, the actuation device is closed off by a magnetically conductive plate 19.
In einem Vergleichsversuch wurde die Wirkung der Polplatte 17 getestet. Zunächst wurde der erfindungsgemäße Magnet, wie in der Fig.. dargestellt, untersucht. Dabei wurde die Haltekraft des Kolbens 4 in seiner oberen Endlage gemessen, d. h., es wurde diejenige Kraft bestimmt, die erforderlich war, um den Kolben 4 von der oberen in die untere Endlage zu bringen. Zur Messung der Kraft wurde die Feder 15 entfernt, um den Einfluß dieser Feder 15 auszuschalten. Zum Vergleich dazu wurde die selbe Vorrichtung nach Entfernen der Polplatte 17 untersucht. Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Vor¬ richtung wurde eine Haltekraft von 16N gemessen. Beim Ver¬ gleichsversuch ergab sich eine Haltekraft von 7N.The effect of the pole plate 17 was tested in a comparative experiment. First, the magnet according to the invention was examined, as shown in FIG. The holding force of the piston 4 was measured in its upper end position, ie the force was determined which was required to bring the piston 4 from the upper to the lower end position. To measure the force, the spring 15 was removed in order to eliminate the influence of this spring 15. For comparison, the same device was examined after removing the pole plate 17. A holding force of 16N was measured in the device according to the invention. A comparison force resulted in a holding force of 7N.
Dieser Versuch zeigt, daß die Haltekraft des Permanentmagne¬ ten 18 durch die Polplatte 17 ceteris paribus etwa verdoppelt werden kann.This experiment shows that the holding force of the permanent magnet 18 can be approximately doubled by the pole plate 17 ceteris paribus.
Patentansprüche: Claims:

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1. Elektromagnetische Betätigungsvorrichtung, insbesonders für ein Ventil, mit einem in axialer Richtung zwischen zwei Endlagen beweglichen Kolben (4), mit einer den Kol¬ ben (4) umgebenden elektromagnetischen Spule (3) zur Betä¬ tigung des Kolbens (4), mit einem Permanentmagneten (18) zum Festhalten des Kolbens (4) in einer seiner Endlagen sowie mit mindestens einer Polplatte (17), die zwischen Kolben (4) und Permanentmagnet (18) angeordnet ist, da¬ durch gekennzeichnetr daß der in Form einer flachen Scheibe ausgebildete Permanentmagnet (18) zum Kolben (4) hin vollständig von der Polplatte (17) überdeckt ist.1. Electromagnetic actuation device, in particular for a valve, with a piston (4) movable in the axial direction between two end positions, with an electromagnetic coil (3) surrounding the piston (4) for actuating the piston (4) a permanent magnet (18) for retaining the piston (4) in one of its end positions and having at least one pole plate (17) which is arranged between the piston (4) and permanent magnet (18), da¬ by in r that of a flat in shape Disc-shaped permanent magnet (18) towards the piston (4) is completely covered by the pole plate (17).
2. Betätigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß zwischen Kolben (4) und Permanentmagnet (18) zwei Polplatten (16, 17) vorgesehen sind, und daß die er¬ ste Polplatte (17) im wesentlichen den gleichen Quer¬ schnitt wie der Permanentmagnet (18) aufweist, sowie daß die zweite Polplatte (16) im wesentlichen den Querschnitt des Kolbens (4) aufweist.2. Actuating device according to claim 1, characterized in that two pole plates (16, 17) are provided between the piston (4) and permanent magnet (18), and that the first pole plate (17) has essentially the same cross section as the permanent magnet (18), and that the second pole plate (16) has essentially the cross section of the piston (4).
3. Betätigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die zweite Polplatte (16) als Rohr ausgebil¬ det ist, in dessen Inneren eine Feder (15) angeordnet ist, die den Kolben (4) in seiner zweiten Endlage hält.3. Actuator according to claim 2, characterized gekenn¬ characterized in that the second pole plate (16) is ausgebil¬ det, inside which a spring (15) is arranged which holds the piston (4) in its second end position.
4. Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Polplatte (17) die Stirn¬ fläche des Elektromagneten (3) zumindest teilweise über¬ deckt.4. Actuating device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the pole plate (17) at least partially covers the end face of the electromagnet (3).
5. Betätigungsvorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Dicke (d) der Pol¬ platte (17) kleiner ist als die Dicke (D) des Permanentma¬ gneten (18) .5. Actuating device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the thickness (d) of the pole plate (17) is smaller than the thickness (D) of the permanent magnet (18).
6. Betätigungsvorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekenn¬ zeichnet, daß die Dicke (d) der Polplatte (17) zwischen 30% und 80% der Dicke (D) des Permanentmagneten (18) be¬ trägt. 6. Actuating device according to claim 5, characterized in that the thickness (d) of the pole plate (17) is between 30% and 80% of the thickness (D) of the permanent magnet (18).
EP93906364A 1992-04-07 1993-03-30 Electromagnetic actuator for, in particular, a valve Withdrawn EP0587841A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0072992A AT396716B (en) 1992-04-07 1992-04-07 ELECTROMAGNETIC ACTUATOR, ESPECIALLY FOR A VALVE
AT729/92 1992-04-07

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0587841A1 true EP0587841A1 (en) 1994-03-23

Family

ID=3498271

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93906364A Withdrawn EP0587841A1 (en) 1992-04-07 1993-03-30 Electromagnetic actuator for, in particular, a valve

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0587841A1 (en)
AT (1) AT396716B (en)
AU (1) AU3738793A (en)
IL (1) IL105301A0 (en)
WO (1) WO1993020568A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9352501B2 (en) 2013-06-17 2016-05-31 Ashley Stone Molding systems and methods

Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2107333B1 (en) * 1994-05-20 1998-07-01 Univ Catalunya Politecnica BISTABLE ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE FOR LINEAR DISPLACEMENT AND MAGNETIC INTERLOCKING.
DE19859387A1 (en) * 1998-12-22 2000-07-06 Kendrion Binder Magnete Gmbh Lifting magnet with holding function provided by permanent magnet contained within separate housing attached to lifting magnet housing to lie within magnetic field of energizing magnetic coil

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2844694A1 (en) * 1977-10-13 1979-04-26 Minolta Camera Kk ELECTROMAGNET ARRANGEMENT
JPS55110008A (en) * 1979-02-16 1980-08-25 Minolta Camera Co Ltd Electromagnetic mechanism
JPH0134326Y2 (en) * 1981-04-22 1989-10-19
DE3323370A1 (en) * 1983-06-29 1985-01-17 Cornelius Dipl Ing Lungu Pulse-controlled lifting-magnet drives
EP0380693B1 (en) * 1988-08-08 1994-06-08 Mitsubishi Mining & Cement Co., Ltd. Plunger type electromagnet

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Title
See references of WO9320568A1 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9352501B2 (en) 2013-06-17 2016-05-31 Ashley Stone Molding systems and methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATA72992A (en) 1993-03-15
AU3738793A (en) 1993-11-08
IL105301A0 (en) 1993-08-18
WO1993020568A1 (en) 1993-10-14
AT396716B (en) 1993-11-25

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