EP0584521A1 - Safety harness for persons working in exposed and/or high places - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety harness for a person working in exposed and/or high places, having means arranged in the region of the upper body for attaching a rope with a holding function like a mast securing rope. The safety harness comprises a back strap (6) and adjoining hip straps (5) with fasteners (34) at their ends, a pair of rear or front strap sections (31, 9) which start from the back, cross over at the level of the shoulder blades and are passed over the shoulders. The front strap sections (9a, 9b) merge into a seat strap (8) from whose middle region leg straps (36a, 36b) extend with connecting elements (35) arranged at their ends for attachment in each case to a rear strap section (31). To introduce and distribute forces onto the back strap (6) and the seat strap (8), it is proposed that the back strap (6) and the seat strap (8) have a connecting element (1a, 1b) in the strap region (4) towards the hip strap (5) on both sides of the body, which connecting element is designed as a means for attaching the rope with the holding function or comprises such an attachment means. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a safety harness for securing a person when working on exposed and / or high-altitude workplaces, with means arranged in the region of the upper body for attaching a rope with a holding function such as a mast safety rope, comprising a back strap and adjoining abdominal straps with terminal fastenings, a pair from the back outgoing at the shoulder blade height crossing and led over the shoulders rear or front belt sections, the front belt sections merging into a seat belt, from the central region leg straps extend with connecting elements arranged at their ends for connection to one of the rear belt sections.

Safety harnesses are known and correspond in function and structure to the German industry standard DIN 7478. They can be used in different but similar embodiments as work belts, abseiling belts, safety belts or rescue belts. At workplaces where there is a risk of falling, the personnel can only be secured with safety harnesses of the type of work belt if other technical protective measures are inappropriate. Depending on the application, they consist of the full body harness in conjunction with a lanyard, e.g. rope, tape or devices such as rope shorteners or energy absorbers.

A full body harness according to DIN 7478 essentially consists of a number of belt parts, the task of which is to introduce forces acting on the body from the outside as gently as possible into the body, in such a way that as many parts of the body as possible when supported are subjected to a load distribution that is as uniform as possible, at least in such a way that unpleasant or fatigue-causing stresses are avoided. Furthermore, in the event of a fall, a body-appropriate, particularly favorable posture of the person when hanging in the safety harness is to be achieved, by means of which the physiological stresses are reduced as much as possible, at least to the extent that a critical condition with pressure complaints and pain from belt parts and in particular critical changes in the systolic and dyastolic blood pressure or critical changes in pulse rate and respiratory rate are largely avoided for as long as possible.

The safety belts currently known in the prior art, designed in a special way as work belts, usually have stop rings arranged at the transition points between the back belt and the waist belt, which are used for hooking in a safety rope, e.g. B. are provided when working on vertical elements such as masts or beams. In these previously used two-fall seat belt or seat belts, the forces for maintaining body balance were mainly introduced only into the abdominal belt or the back belt and thus into the back support. With this force application, which only supports the cross, under normal working conditions both signs of fatigue and compulsive postures which lead to work disability and comparatively quickly emerged comparatively quickly. In addition, the body was constricted in the event of a fall due to the unfavorable points of attack on the safety rope, which could result in health impairments and critical conditions with a risk of shock after a relatively short period of time.

The invention has for its object to reduce or overcome the aforementioned difficulties and disadvantages by improved equipment of a harness of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.

• Der Auffanggurt soll den Träger in jeder Bewegungsphase wie z. B. das Ersteigen eines Mastes oder vertikalen Bauteils und das Ausführen von Arbeiten optimal sichern und unterstützen.
• Der Auffanggurt soll Mittel zum individuellen Einstellen möglichst günstig gelegener Krafteinleitungspunkte in das Gurtgeschirr und von diesem in den Körper aufweisen, um eine Ermüdung bei der Ausführung einer Tätigkeit an exponierten und mitunter hochgelegenen Arbeitsstellen weitgehend zu vermeiden.
• Der Auffanggurt soll im Falle eines Sturzes den Körper in Auffanglage in einer solchen Position halten und die auftretenden Kräfte auf eine Vielzahl von hierfür besonders geeigneten Körperpartien verteilen und abstützen, daß das Eintreten physiologischer Beeinträchtigungen bis hin zum Schockzustand möglichst weitgehend und möglichst über lange Zeiträume hinweg vermieden wird.

The object of the invention is to meet the following requirements:

• The full body harness should support the wearer in every phase of movement, e.g. B. optimally secure and support the climbing of a mast or vertical component and the execution of work.
• The full body harness should have means for the individual setting of force introduction points in the harness and from there into the body that are as convenient as possible in order to largely avoid fatigue when carrying out an activity at exposed and sometimes high-lying work places.
• In the event of a fall, the safety harness should hold the body in such a position in the fall position and distribute and support the forces that occur over a large number of particularly suitable parts of the body so that the occurrence of physiological impairments up to the state of shock is avoided as far as possible and as long as possible becomes.

To solve the problem is proposed with the invention for a harness to secure a person when working on exposed and / or high-altitude workplaces of the type mentioned in the preamble of the main claim that the back belt and seat belt in the belt area to the waist belt have a connecting element on both sides of the body, which as Means for attaching a rope with a holding function is formed or contains such an attachment means.

By means of this design according to the invention, the forces in the new safety harness are divided both when carrying out work and in the event of a fall on the buttocks and back. The forces introduced into the buttocks via the seat belt are also partially absorbed by the person's thighs because the leg straps are attached to the seat belt. The back belt and seat belt result in a force distribution in the interaction of the load absorption by the leg straps, in which the body is supported and held in a position which is perceived as pleasant, similar to the seat and backrest of an armchair (FIG. 1).

According to the invention it is further proposed that each connecting element preferably have connecting elements with adjusting means on both sides, to which a first longitudinally adjustable on the belt area between the abdominal belt and back belt and a second connecting element in each case longitudinally adjustable on the seat belt can be attached. This measure allows the distribution of the forces on the back belt and seat belt to be adjusted individually and very sensitively. A distribution of forces which is perceived as particularly pleasant is achieved if the means for attaching a rope with a holding function are designed as flexible eyelets, preferably consisting of a sewn, textile belt piece or a metal rope piece. It is expedient that the belt piece forming the textile eyelet and integral with the front belt section is turned over by 180 ° to form a loop receiving the connecting ring, and the area of the cover is held by a textile sleeve, the ring with the loop being held by a first slot as an adjusting means arranged buckle is inserted, and the seat belt is inserted through a second slot of the buckle and through the ring, is wrapped around the ring and is returned through the second slot of the buckle to form an adjustment mechanism. The stop eyelet advantageously has a stiffener made of different materials such as metal or plastic (FIG. 3).

A particularly wear-resistant lifting eye is obtained if the means for attaching a rope with a holding function are designed as a metallic ring release, which is preferably held in a belt piece connecting the connecting elements. The connecting belt piece is expediently driven into the ring eyelet at an approximately right angle, one end of which is guided around and returned to the outer web of an adjusting buckle arranged as an adjusting means and sewn in this area, preferably to the rear belt section, which comes from below the middle web of the buckle 41 is put around and fed to the seam area. The other end of the connecting belt piece is loosely wrapped around the seat belt to form a guide loop and is sewn to itself, both the connecting element to the leg belt being attached to the guide loop and the connecting element with an adjustment buckle as the adjusting means, and the seat belt coming from below, looped back over the middle bar of the adjustment buckle and pulled through the guide loop (FIG. 5).

In known safety harnesses, the front shoulder belt sections, starting from the shoulders, run approximately parallel to the lateral body contours through the connection between the back and waist belts to the leg belts or to the seat belt. These belts are usually connected to a horizontal belt web on which the safety rope is attached. When under load, the shoulder strap sections are pulled towards each other and lift off the chest area of the body. As a result, the attachment point assumes a position that cannot be predetermined precisely, which causes the person to oscillate and, under certain circumstances, can lead to injuries in the neck and head area of the person.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided in the new safety harness that the front shoulder belt sections are sewn at an obtuse angle approximately at the level of the breastbone of the wearer and that the angular regions have stop eyelets for a connecting element or a rope at the locations of the smallest distance.

As a result of this measure, the catching forces acting in the chest area of the person are guided directly into the buttocks area of the person through a straight belt guide. As a result of the adjustable connections between the back belt and the seat belt created by the rope lifting eyes and their connecting elements, the forces go evenly when the person strikes the rope one-sidedly due to the adjustability of the lifting eyes with individually adjustable load components in the back belt and in the seat belt, thereby is caused that the secured person experiences a safe support even with one-sided attack. In contrast, in the previous belt designs, one-sided striking was only absorbed by the abdominal / back belt.

Further advantageous configurations are provided in accordance with the subclaims.

Figur 1

eine Ansicht des Auffanggurtes von vorne;

Figur 2

eine Teilansicht der in Trageposition rechten Seite des Gurtes mit Anschluß der flexiblen Anschlagöse mittels verstellbaren Anschlußelementen;

Figur 3

ebenfalls eine Detaildarstellung mit Ausbildung der flexiblen Anschlagöse am vorderen Gurtabschnitt unterhalb des Bauchgurtes mit angeschlagenem Sitzgurt;

Figur 4

im Detail in Seitenansicht und teilweise im Schnitt die Verbindung einen Endes der flexiblen Öse am Gurtbereich zwischen Rückengurt und Bauchgurt.

Figur 5

eine Teilansicht der in Trägerposition linken Seite des Gurtes mit Anschluß einer metallenen Ringöse und mit verstellbaren Anschlußelementen;

Figur 5a Figur 5b

Jeweils einen Schnitt entlang der Linie A-A' bzw. B-B' durch ein Anschlußelement,

Figur 6

eine Variante der Gurtausbildung nach Figur 5.

Details, features and advantages of the invention result from the following explanation of an exemplary embodiment schematically illustrated in the drawings. The drawings show:

Figure 1

a view of the harness from the front;

Figure 2

a partial view of the right side of the belt in the wearing position with connection of the flexible lifting eye by means of adjustable connecting elements;

Figure 3

likewise a detailed representation with the formation of the flexible lifting eye on the front belt section below the abdominal belt with the seat belt attached;

Figure 4

in detail in side view and partly in section the connection of one end of the flexible eyelet on the belt area between the back belt and the waist belt.

Figure 5

a partial view of the left side of the belt in the carrier position with connection of a metal ring eyelet and with adjustable connecting elements;

Figure 5a Figure 5b

In each case a section along the line AA 'or BB' through a connecting element,

Figure 6

a variant of the belt training according to Figure 5.

The full body harness shown in FIG. 1 comprises a back belt 6 arranged behind a back support 30, which integrally merges into two parts 5a, 5b of an abdominal belt. These have interlocking parts of a closure element 34 with which the waist belt is closed. Pulled between the back support 30 and the back belt 6 are a pair of rear belt sections 31a, 31b which intersect at the shoulder blade at the back of the wearer, then pass over the shoulders forward into the front belt sections 9a, 9b. The rear belt sections 31a, 31b have, below the back support 30, lower belt sections 32a, 32b, which have at their ends ring-shaped connecting elements 35a, 35b for connecting a leg belt 36a, 36b extending from the central region of the seat belt 8.

According to the invention, the means for attaching a rope with a holding function and distributing the holding forces to the back belt and seat belt are designed as flexible lifting eyes 1a which have connecting elements 2a, 2b on both sides with adjusting means 3a, 3b. Of these, a first connection element 2a is adjustable on a belt area 4 between the abdominal belt 5 and back belt 6 and a second connection element 2b is attached to a longitudinally adjustable end 7a, 7b, as shown in particular in FIG.

The front belt sections 9a, 9b are sewn running approximately at the height of the wearer's sternum at an obtuse angle .alpha., The angular regions having stop eyes 10a, 10b for a connecting element or a rope at the locations of the smallest distance.

As the summary of FIGS. 1 to 3 shows, the second connection element 2b of the flexible, textile lifting eye 1a is arranged at the connection point between a front belt section 9 and a longitudinally adjustable end 7 of the seat belt 8. 3, the second connection element 2b is preferably connected in one piece to the lower end 11 of a front belt section 9 crossing with the waist belt 5 and has a connecting element 17, for example a connecting ring, for the adjustable connection to the length-adjustable end 7 of the Seat belt 8 on. The front belt section 9 and the abdominal belt 5 intersect and are guided together by a buckle 37 in the intersection area. In this case, the belt piece 12, which forms the flexible, textile stop eyelet 1a and is integral with the front belt section 9, is turned over by 180 ° to form a loop 13 receiving the stop ring 17, and the turnover area is held by a textile sleeve 14, the ring 17 with the loop 13 through a first slot 15 arranged as an adjusting means 3b Buckle is inserted and the seat belt 8 is returned through a second slot 16 of the buckle to form an adjustment mechanism.

In FIG. 4 it is shown that the first connection element 2a of the flexible stop eye 1a for longitudinal adjustment on the belt area 4 between the abdominal belt 5 and the back belt 6 has a buckle 18 and is fastened to this with a sewn loop 20 which is wrapped around its outer buckle web 19, whereby the belt of the belt area 4 is guided from below into the buckle 18 and, via the central web 21, out of the buckle 18 in a longitudinally adjustable manner relative to the latter.

The two connection elements 2a, 2b are, as can best be seen from FIG. 2, integrally formed on a belt piece 12 sewn to the lifting eye 1a. Furthermore, the lifting eye 1 can have a stiffening 22 (FIG. 3) made of different materials such as metal or plastic. It can also be additionally provided that the adjustable stop, hold and fall arrest system, which is designed with the flexible eyelet, is occasionally provided with brake energy-consuming brake means, which consist of textile friction surfaces. Alternatively, it can be provided that instead of the textile lifting eye 1a, a flexible eyelet is used, which consists of a metal piece of rope, the rope ends of which are spliced and are provided in a suitable manner, for example in lead casting, with flat connecting plates which can be connected to the textile belt ends are.

FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of the invention, in which the means for attaching a rope with a holding function are designed as a metallic ring eyelet 1b, which is held in a belt piece 39 connecting the connecting elements 2a, 2b in such a way that the back belt 6 and seat belt 8 are connected on both sides of the body in such a way that a division of the initiated Forces on the back belt and seat belt occur. For this purpose, the connecting strap piece 39 is driven into the eyelet 1b at an approximately right angle. One end of the connecting belt piece is led around and back around the outer web 40 of an adjusting buckle 41 arranged as an adjusting means and is preferably sewn to the rear belt section 31 in this area. The belt section 31, coming from below, is placed around the central web 42 of the buckle 41 and is fed to the seam area (FIG. 5b). The back belt 6 can be seen laid under the lower belt section 31 and looped from below over the central web 42 of the belt buckle 41 and returned downward.

The other end of the connecting belt piece 39 is loosely wrapped around the seat belt 8 with a pocket-shaped doubling to form a guide loop 43 and is sewn to itself. On the guide loop 43, the connecting element 35 to the leg strap 36 is attached as well as the connecting element 2b with an adjusting buckle 44 as an adjusting means. Coming from below, the seat belt 8 is struck over the central web 45 of the adjusting buckle 44 and returned downward and is then pulled through the guide loop 43 (FIG. 5a). This embodiment for the new safety harness is particularly wear-resistant due to the use of a metal ring eyelet as a sling.

FIG. 6 shows a variant of the belt design according to FIG. 5, as a result of which the connecting belt piece 39 can be dispensed with and, nevertheless, the advantageous and adjustable division of the forces introduced into the back belt and seat belt takes place. For this purpose, the rear belt section 31 is guided in one piece through the adjusting buckle 41 which is longitudinally adjustable on the back belt 6. In this way, the adjustment buckle 41 - as indicated by the arrows - is adjustable both along the rear belt section 31 and along the back belt 6. Then the one-piece rear belt section 31 is through the stop eyelet 1b passed, wherein it is turned approximately at a right angle and is continued and is then connected to the adjustment buckle 44. The seat belt 8 is guided through the - as the arrow indicates - the longitudinally adjustable adjustment buckle 44 and merges in one piece into the front belt section 9, the one-piece belt section 8, 9 being passed through the stop eyelet 1b. The guide loop 43 comprises the belt section 31 and the seat belt 8 and receives the connecting element 35 to the leg belt 36.

The full body harness according to the invention has proven itself extremely well in practice and thus represents an optimal solution to the task at the beginning.

List of reference numbers

1

Lifting eye

2nd

Connector

3rd

Adjusting means

4th

Belt area belly / back

5

Waist belt

6

Back strap

7

longitudinally adjustable end of seat belt

8th

seat belt

9

front belt section

10th

Lifting eyes

11

lower end of the belt section

12th

Strap piece

13

loop

14

cuff

15

first slot

16

second slot

17th

Connecting ring

18th

buckle

19th

outer narrow bridge

20th

loop

21

Mittelsteg

22

stiffening

30th

Back support

31

rear belt section

32

lower section

33

pocket-shaped doubling

34

Closure element

35

annular connecting element

36

Leg strap

37

buckle

38

Seat support

39

Connection strap

40

outer web

41

Adjustable buckle

42

Mittelsteg

43

Guide loop

44

Adjustable buckle

45

Middle web of the adjustment buckle

Claims (20)

Safety harness for securing a person when working at exposed and / or high-altitude workplaces, with means arranged in the area of the upper body for attaching a rope with a holding function such as a mast safety rope, comprising a back belt (6) and adjoining abdominal belts (5) with terminal closures (34) , a pair of rear (31) and front (9) belt sections, starting from the back, crossing at shoulder blade height and passing over the shoulders, the front belt sections (9a, 9b) merging into a seat belt, from the central region of which leg straps (36a, 36b) depart with connecting elements (35) arranged at their ends for connection to a rear belt section (31),
characterized,
that the back belt (6) and seat belt (8) in the belt area (4) to the abdominal belt (5) have a connecting element (1a, 1b) on both sides of the body, which is designed as a means for attaching the rope with a holding function or contains such a slinging device (Figure 1 and Figure 5). Harness according to claim 1,
characterized,
that each connecting element (1a, 1b) preferably has connecting elements (2a, 2b) with adjusting means (3a, 3b) on both sides, of which a first (2a) is longitudinally adjustable on the belt area (4) between the abdominal belt (5) and the back belt (6) and in each case a second connecting element (2b) can be adjusted lengthwise against the seat belt (8) (FIG. 1 and FIG. 5). Safety harness according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the rear belt sections (31) are guided through the back belt (6) provided with a back support (30) and that their lower sections (32) to emerge downward from the back support (30) are pocket-shaped doublings (33) for a seat belt which is passed transversely (8) and at their ends connecting elements (35) for connecting one leg strap (36) starting from the central region of the seat belt (8) (FIG. 2). Safety harness according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized,
that the rear belt sections (31a, 31b) can be struck against the longitudinally adjustable connecting elements (2a) on the back belt (6) (FIG. 5). Safety harness according to at least one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the means for attaching a rope with a holding function are designed as flexible attachment eyes (1a), preferably consisting of a sewn, textile piece of belt (12) or a metallic piece of rope (Figure 2 and Figure 3). Safety harness according to at least one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that the means for attaching a rope with a holding function are designed as a metallic ring eyelet (1b), which is preferably held in a belt piece (39) connecting the connecting elements (2a, 2b) (FIG. 5). Harness according to claim 6,
characterized,
that the connecting belt piece (39) is driven into the ring eyelet (1b) at an approximately right angle, one end of which is guided around and back of the outer web (40) of an adjusting buckle (41) arranged as an adjusting means and is sewn in this area, preferably with the rear belt section (31), which, coming from below, is placed around the central web (42) of the buckle (41) and fed to the seam area (FIG. 5 and FIG. 5a). Harness according to claim 6 and 7,
characterized,
that the back belt (6) is laid under the rear belt section (31) and is looped from below over the central web (42) of the buckle (41) and returned downwards (FIG. 5b). Harness according to claim 6 and 7,
characterized,
that the other end of the connecting belt piece (39) with a pocket-shaped doubling around the seat belt (8) is loosely wrapped around a guide loop (43) and sewn to itself, that on the guide loop (43) both the connecting element (35) to the leg belt ( 36) is attached as well as the connecting element (2b) with an adjustment buckle (44) as an adjustment means, the seat belt (8) coming from below over the middle web (45) of the adjustment buckle (44) looped back down and pulled through the guide loop (Figure 5 and Figure 5a). Safety harness according to at least one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized,
that the second connection element (2b) is arranged approximately at the connection point between a front belt section (9) and a longitudinally adjustable end (7) of the seat belt (8). Safety harness according to at least one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized,
that the second connecting element (2b) is preferably connected in one piece to the lower end (11) of a front belt section (9) crossing with the abdominal belt (5) and a connecting element (17), preferably a connecting ring, for the adjustable connection to the longitudinally adjustable end (7) of the seat belt (8) (Figure 3). Safety harness according to one or more of claims 1 to 5 or according to claim 11,
characterized,
that the flexible stop eyelet (1a) forming, with the front belt section (9) one-piece belt piece (12) turned over by forming a connecting ring (17) receiving loop (13) by 180 ° and the envelope area held by a textile sleeve (14) The ring (17) with the loop (13) is inserted through a first slot (15) of a buckle arranged as adjusting means (3b), and the seat belt (8) through a second slot (16) of the buckle (3b) and is inserted through the ring (17), around the ring (17) and is returned through the second slot (16) of the buckle to form an adjustment mechanism (FIG. 3). Harness according to one of claims 1 to 5 or 11, 12,
characterized,
that the first connection element (2a) of the preferably flexible stop eyelet (1a) for its longitudinal adjustment on the belt area (4) between the abdominal belt (5) and the back belt (6) has a buckle (18) and on this with an outer buckle web (19) the loop (20) which is folded around is fixed, the belt of the belt region (4) being guided from below into the buckle (18) and, via its central web (21), out of the buckle (18) so as to be longitudinally adjustable relative to the latter (FIG. 4 ). Safety harness according to one or more of claims 1 to 5 or 11 to 13,
characterized,
that the two connection elements (2a, 2b) are formed in one piece on a belt piece (12) sewn to the lifting eye (1a) (FIG. 2). Safety harness according to one or more of claims 1 to 5 or 11 to 14,
characterized,
that the stop eye (1a) has a stiffener (22) inside of different materials such as metal or plastic (Figure 3). Safety harness according to one or more of claims 1 to 15,
characterized,
that the adjustable stop and holding and catching system designed with the stop eyelet (1a, 1b) is occasionally provided with brake energy consuming energy, preferably with textile friction surfaces. Safety harness according to one or more of claims 1 to 16,
characterized,
that the seat belt (8) is provided with seat supports (38) (Figure 1). Safety harness according to at least one of claims 1 to 17,
characterized,
that the front belt sections (9a, 9b) are sewn running at an obtuse angle α approximately at the level of the breastbone of the wearer and the angular areas at the points with the smallest distance have stop eyelets (10a, 10b) for a connecting element or a rope (Figure 1). Safety harness according to at least one of claims 1 to 18,
characterized,
that the rear belt section (31) is guided in one piece through the connecting element (2a), which is longitudinally adjustable on the back belt (6), in particular through the adjustment buckle (41), then runs through the lifting eye (1b) and is turned over approximately at a right angle and with the adjustable one Connection element (2b), in particular connected to the adjustment buckle (44) (Figure 6). Safety harness according to at least one of claims 1 to 19,
characterized,
that the seat belt (8) is passed through the longitudinally adjustable connecting element (2b), in particular through the adjustment buckle (44), and integrally merges into the front belt section (9), the one-piece belt section (8, 9) passing through the stop eyelet (1b) is (Figure 6).

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