EP0583152A1 - Energetisch ausgeglichenes Kälteverfahren - Google Patents

Energetisch ausgeglichenes Kälteverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0583152A1
EP0583152A1 EP93306304A EP93306304A EP0583152A1 EP 0583152 A1 EP0583152 A1 EP 0583152A1 EP 93306304 A EP93306304 A EP 93306304A EP 93306304 A EP93306304 A EP 93306304A EP 0583152 A1 EP0583152 A1 EP 0583152A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigeration
fluid
heat
cooling
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93306304A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Paul Nicholls
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CLARES EQUIPMENT Ltd
Original Assignee
CLARES EQUIPMENT Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CLARES EQUIPMENT Ltd filed Critical CLARES EQUIPMENT Ltd
Publication of EP0583152A1 publication Critical patent/EP0583152A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47F—SPECIAL FURNITURE, FITTINGS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR SHOPS, STOREHOUSES, BARS, RESTAURANTS OR THE LIKE; PAYING COUNTERS
    • A47F3/00—Show cases or show cabinets
    • A47F3/04—Show cases or show cabinets air-conditioned, refrigerated
    • A47F3/0482—Details common to both closed and open types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/003—General constructional features for cooling refrigerating machinery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/22—Refrigeration systems for supermarkets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to refrigeration units.
  • Prior art refrigerated display cabinets provided on shop floors fall broadly into two categories; mobile display units, and substantially fixed display units.
  • Mobile display units include all the system components for performing the entire refrigeration cycle, including a compressor and air cooled condenser, within the display unit. They extract all the heat generated by the compressor, condenser and other energy inputs and eject it into the surrounding environment.
  • Display units of this type have the advantage that they can be positioned at any required location but, as the heat they generate is greater than that absorbed by the refrigerated cabinet, the overall effect of running the refrigeration cycle on the area in which the unit is placed is an undesirable warming of the environment.
  • the compressors required to extract heat from the refrigeration used in the refrigeration cycle are large and generate a great deal of noise which can also be unacceptable.
  • the low temperature piping supplying refrigeration fluid to the various units must be heavily insulated in order to maintain the refrigeration at its low supply temperature prior to entering the units and to stop condensation from forming on the exterior of the pipes.
  • a refrigerated unit comprising a cabinet and a refrigeration system comprising a self-contained refrigeration fluid circuit for cooling the cabinet, first and second means for removing heat from the refrigeration fluid the first of which is operable to remove an amount of heat and return it to the environment surrounding the refrigerated unit and the second of which is operable to remove heat for transmission to a location remote from the refrigeration unit.
  • the temperature of the environment surrounding the refrigeration unit can be maintained at a desired level.
  • the first and second means for cooling may respectively comprise an air and a fluid cooled condenser.
  • the compressor may also be fluid cooled with heat generated by the compressor being removed by a heat exchanger also cooled by the cooling fluid. To further reduce noise both the compressor and heat exchanger may be encased in a sound proof container.
  • the fluid used to remove the excess heat may be water or could be another suitable fluid.
  • the temperature of the cooling fluid can be varied depending upon system specifications but will likely be between 0 and 20°C.
  • water can be used as the cooling fluid without the addition of anti-freezing additives.
  • refrigeration engineers are not required for installation or subsequent removal or rearrangement of the units.
  • the display units need only be positioned at a required location, plumbed into the fluid cooling system, and plugged into an electricity supply for use in a new location to begin.
  • the refrigeration unit of the present invention therefore provides significant benefits in flexibility of store planning and allows considerable reductions in installation time and costs to be made over prior art units as well as maintaining acceptable levels of heat and noise in the immediate vicinity of the display units.
  • a refrigeration system comprising a refrigeration unit having a self-contained refrigeration fluid circuit for cooling the unit and means for extracting an amount of heat from the refrigeration fluid and returning it to the environment; and a fluid supply system for providing and retrieving cooling fluid respectively to and from the refrigeration unit for transmitting excess heat from the refrigeration fluid above that returned to the environment to a location remote from the refrigeration unit.
  • a refrigeration system for providing the cooling effect for a refrigeration unit and for assisting in maintaining the environment surrounding the refrigeration unit at a desired temperature, comprising a refrigeration fluid circuit, means for maintaining the condensation temperature of the refrigeration fluid at substantially the desired temperature, first means for removing heat from the refrigeration fluid which includes a cooling fluid at substantially the temperature of the surrounding environment and which removes an amount of heat and returns it to the surrounding environment, such that heat is returned to the surrounding environment when the temperature of the surrounding environment is lower than the desired temperature and second means for removing heat from the refrigeration fluid which includes a cooling fluid at a lower temperature than the condensation temperature and which removes heat from the refrigeration fluid for transmission to a location remote from the refrigeration unit.
  • a first means for removing heat which uses fluid at the temperature of the surrounding environment to remove heat and return it thereto with a refrigeration fluid having a condensation temperature that is substantially equal to the desired temperature of the surroundings, less and less heat will be extracted by the first means as the actual temperature of the environment approaches the desired temperature. As this happens a correspondingly larger amount of heat is removed by the second means and transmitted to a remote location so as not to influence the temperature of the immediate surroundings.
  • the second means uses a cooling fluid at a temperature lower than the condensing temperature, even if no heat is extracted by the first means the refrigeration cycle is still maintained.
  • the condensation temperature of the refrigeration fluid In prior art systems using air at the ambient temperature to remove heat from the refrigeration fluid, it is necessary for the condensation temperature of the refrigeration fluid to be substantially higher than the expected or usual ambient temperature. In the present invention, however, as the condensation temperature of the refrigeration fluid is substantially equal to the desired temperature, the condensation temperature is considerably lower than in prior art systems. This leads to a reduction in the size of compressor necessary to maintain the desired condensation temperature, which provides a useful reduction in noise as well releasing valuable space.
  • a fluid supply system for providing and retrieving cooling fluid to and from at least one refrigeration unit and for transmitting heat from the at least one refrigeration unit to a remote location, comprising a heat exchanger cooled by ambient air and means for energizing the air cooled heat exchanger when the temperature of the ambient air is below that of the retrieved cooling fluid.
  • FIG 1 shows an open display unit 10 of the type typically used to display perishable products in supermarkets. Such refrigerated units tend to reduce the temperature of the surrounding environment.
  • a cold air curtain 16 at the front of the display unit ensures that food displayed is maintained at a desirable temperature.
  • Each of the display units 10 shown in Figure 2 comprises a closed refrigeration circuit 12 in which a refrigeration fluid circulates.
  • the refrigeration system includes an evaporator 14 for cooling air drawn into the base of the unit 10 by the action of a fan 18 for forming the air curtain.
  • a compressor 22 pressurises the vaporised refrigerant and heat is then reclaimed from the refrigeration fluid by an air cooled condenser 20 and a water cooled condenser 24.
  • An external water supply circuit 26 provides cooling water to the water cooled condenser 24, collects the cooling water and removes it from the site of the display unit.
  • the cooling water supply circuit may discharge heated water at a remote location, use it for a suitable application, or may extract the heat absorbed from within individual display units and return the cooled water to resupply the water cooled condensers of the system as in the system of Figure 2.
  • the air cooled condenser 20 heats air that is then returned to the atmosphere in the immediate vicinity of the display unit 10.
  • a refrigeration fluid condensation temperature substantially equal to a desired ambient temperature (around 22°C) the refrigeration unit is self-regulating to substantially compensate for any heat lost from the surroundings as a result of cooling by the display cabinet. This is because when the air temperature drops substantially below the desire temperature, the temperature difference between the condensing refrigerant and the air at the air cooled condenser will be relatively large so that a substantial amount of heat is returned to the environment. Conversely when the ambient air is near or at the desired temperature little or no heat will be returned to the environment.
  • the energy balance in the immediate surroundings of the display unit can be maintained.
  • the capacities of the air cooled and water cooled condensers are chosen so that the refrigerator is fully operational even when no heat is removed by the air cooled condenser. A balance must, however, be achieved so that heat will be extracted by the air cooled condenser when the ambient temperature is lower than desired.
  • a self-regulating system such as this could also be used in a refrigeration unit that does not include a self-contained refrigeration fluid circuit.
  • the speed with which heat is returned to the surroundings by the air cooled condenser 20 will depend upon the air supply rate.
  • the compensation benefits will be achieved with a fixed supply rate air cooled condenser 20. However, it may be desirable to suitably regulate the air flow.
  • the condensation temperature can be lowered with respect to that achievable with only an ambient air cooled condenser.
  • the compressor 22 can accordingly operate at lower capacity with a consequent reduction in generated noise.
  • the display system is therefore considerably quieter than conventional mobile display units.
  • the compressor is of reduced capacity it takes up less space, leaving more room for providing a display area in the unit.
  • the compressor and a water cooled heat exchanger removing heat therefrom can be encased in a sound proofed casing.
  • the cooling water supply pipes of the water supply circuit 26 are lagged to prevent them from absorbing heat from the surrounds.
  • the lagging need only be light as the cooling water is between 0° and 20°C, i.e. at a temperature relatively high compared to that of the refrigerant in the prior art system.
  • Cooler temperature water or other cooling fluid could be used. This, however, would require heavier lagging of the pipes to prevent heat absorption and if water below 0°C were used additional additives to prevent freezing would be necessary.
  • the heat extracted by the cooling fluid may itself be extracted from the cooling fluid at a remote location.
  • the system illustrated in Figure 2 extracts heat from the cooling fluid which is then re-supplied to the refrigeration units.
  • Heat is extracted by a water chiller 28 and an air cooled heat exchanger 30 in series.
  • the retrieved cooling fluid flows first through the air cooled heat exchanger 30 and then through the water chiller 28.
  • a fan 32 is energized in the air cooled heat exchanger 30 when the air temperature falls below the temperature of the retrieved cooling water. In this manner the water chiller 28 employing a refrigeration cycle, will only operate to remove that heat which cannot be removed by the air cooled heat exchanger. This results in an energy saving.
  • This energy saving arrangement can be used to remove heat in other cooling systems including those in which refrigeration fluid is provided to a plurality of refrigeration units. It is not restricted to use with the refrigeration systems described herein.
  • the specific embodiment provides a versatile system that can be tailored to a variety of needs.
  • a cooling water supply circuit Once a cooling water supply circuit is provided in an area, mobile display units providing their own refrigeration cycles can be plumbed into the system at any required location.
  • the amount of heat returned to the surroundings is self regulating in order to assist in maintaining a desired temperature.
  • the speed with which heat is extracted by the condensers and therefore returned to the atmosphere can be regulated by controlling the temperature or flow rate of the cooling water supply and/or the rate of air flow through the air cooled condenser.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
EP93306304A 1992-08-10 1993-08-10 Energetisch ausgeglichenes Kälteverfahren Withdrawn EP0583152A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9216947 1992-08-10
GB9216947A GB2269657A (en) 1992-08-10 1992-08-10 Refrigeration system for display cabinets

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0583152A1 true EP0583152A1 (de) 1994-02-16

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ID=10720110

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93306304A Withdrawn EP0583152A1 (de) 1992-08-10 1993-08-10 Energetisch ausgeglichenes Kälteverfahren

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0583152A1 (de)
GB (1) GB2269657A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0697089A1 (de) * 1993-05-05 1996-02-21 Hussmann Corporation Strategische geschäftliche modulkühlung
DE102007062002A1 (de) 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verflüssiger für ein Kältegerät
US20090215381A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2009-08-27 Delaware Capital Formation ,Inc. Air curtain system for a refrigerated case
CN103557670A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2014-02-05 浙江大学 超市冷柜冷凝热集中处理系统
WO2015071511A1 (es) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-21 Ávila Chillida Vicente Sistema de refrigeración industrial
US9687086B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2017-06-27 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated sales furniture

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102010035695A1 (de) * 2010-08-27 2012-03-01 Aht Cooling Systems Gmbh Kühlmöbel, insbesondere Kühlregal

Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR747508A (fr) * 1932-12-14 1933-06-19 Neu Sa Procédé de déshumidification d'air avec réglage automatique de l'état hygrométrique et de la température
US2250648A (en) * 1939-03-28 1941-07-29 Nash Kelvinator Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US3180109A (en) * 1963-08-21 1965-04-27 Emhart Corp System for operating refrigerated equipment
US3210957A (en) * 1964-08-18 1965-10-12 Emhart Corp System for refrigerating display cases
US3230732A (en) * 1965-01-07 1966-01-25 Emhart Corp Water cooling system for refrigerating fixtures, and fixture therefor
US4220011A (en) * 1978-12-22 1980-09-02 The Trane Company Air cooled centrifugal refrigeration system with water heat recovery
DE2917845A1 (de) * 1979-05-03 1980-11-13 Hoffmann Ernst H Dipl Ing Haushaltskuehlschrank oder tiefkuehltruhe
US4314452A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-02-09 Application Engineering Corporation Compressor discharge converter
US4484450A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-11-27 Niagara Frontier Services High efficiency refrigeration system
US4535603A (en) * 1984-07-02 1985-08-20 Emhart Industries, Inc. Highly energy efficient heat reclamation means for food display case refrigeration systems
GB2198220A (en) * 1986-09-27 1988-06-08 Barker George & Co Ltd Refrigeration display cabinet
US4803848A (en) * 1987-06-22 1989-02-14 Labrecque James C Cooling system

Patent Citations (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR747508A (fr) * 1932-12-14 1933-06-19 Neu Sa Procédé de déshumidification d'air avec réglage automatique de l'état hygrométrique et de la température
US2250648A (en) * 1939-03-28 1941-07-29 Nash Kelvinator Corp Refrigerating apparatus
US3180109A (en) * 1963-08-21 1965-04-27 Emhart Corp System for operating refrigerated equipment
US3210957A (en) * 1964-08-18 1965-10-12 Emhart Corp System for refrigerating display cases
US3230732A (en) * 1965-01-07 1966-01-25 Emhart Corp Water cooling system for refrigerating fixtures, and fixture therefor
US4220011A (en) * 1978-12-22 1980-09-02 The Trane Company Air cooled centrifugal refrigeration system with water heat recovery
DE2917845A1 (de) * 1979-05-03 1980-11-13 Hoffmann Ernst H Dipl Ing Haushaltskuehlschrank oder tiefkuehltruhe
US4314452A (en) * 1980-07-28 1982-02-09 Application Engineering Corporation Compressor discharge converter
US4484450A (en) * 1982-09-30 1984-11-27 Niagara Frontier Services High efficiency refrigeration system
US4535603A (en) * 1984-07-02 1985-08-20 Emhart Industries, Inc. Highly energy efficient heat reclamation means for food display case refrigeration systems
GB2198220A (en) * 1986-09-27 1988-06-08 Barker George & Co Ltd Refrigeration display cabinet
US4803848A (en) * 1987-06-22 1989-02-14 Labrecque James C Cooling system

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0697089A1 (de) * 1993-05-05 1996-02-21 Hussmann Corporation Strategische geschäftliche modulkühlung
EP0697089A4 (de) * 1993-05-05 1997-03-26 Hussmann Corp Strategische geschäftliche modulkühlung
EP0936421A3 (de) * 1993-05-05 1999-09-01 Hussmann Corporation Strategische, modulare Sekundärkühlung
US20090215381A1 (en) * 2005-04-25 2009-08-27 Delaware Capital Formation ,Inc. Air curtain system for a refrigerated case
US8647183B2 (en) * 2005-04-25 2014-02-11 Hill Phoenix, Inc. Air curtain system for a refrigerated case
DE102007062002A1 (de) 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Verflüssiger für ein Kältegerät
US9687086B2 (en) 2011-09-02 2017-06-27 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated sales furniture
CN103557670A (zh) * 2013-10-31 2014-02-05 浙江大学 超市冷柜冷凝热集中处理系统
WO2015071511A1 (es) * 2013-11-18 2015-05-21 Ávila Chillida Vicente Sistema de refrigeración industrial

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2269657A (en) 1994-02-16
GB9216947D0 (en) 1992-09-23

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