EP0583068A2 - Barriere zum Zurückhalten von Menschenmassen - Google Patents

Barriere zum Zurückhalten von Menschenmassen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0583068A2
EP0583068A2 EP93305430A EP93305430A EP0583068A2 EP 0583068 A2 EP0583068 A2 EP 0583068A2 EP 93305430 A EP93305430 A EP 93305430A EP 93305430 A EP93305430 A EP 93305430A EP 0583068 A2 EP0583068 A2 EP 0583068A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crowd control
frame members
control barrier
barrier according
barrier
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93305430A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0583068A3 (de
EP0583068B1 (de
Inventor
Noel Lancelot Jeffs
Colin Wicks
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wembley Stadium Ltd
Original Assignee
Wembley Stadium Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB929214647A external-priority patent/GB9214647D0/en
Priority claimed from GB939309193A external-priority patent/GB9309193D0/en
Application filed by Wembley Stadium Ltd filed Critical Wembley Stadium Ltd
Publication of EP0583068A2 publication Critical patent/EP0583068A2/de
Publication of EP0583068A3 publication Critical patent/EP0583068A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0583068B1 publication Critical patent/EP0583068B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
    • E01F13/00—Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades ; Preventing passage of vehicles of selected category or dimensions
    • E01F13/02—Arrangements for obstructing or restricting traffic, e.g. gates, barricades ; Preventing passage of vehicles of selected category or dimensions free-standing; portable, e.g. for guarding open manholes ; Portable signs or signals specially adapted for fitting to portable barriers
    • E01F13/022—Pedestrian barriers; Barriers for channelling or controlling crowds

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a crowd control barrier for use in sports stadia and other locations where there is a need to avoid mass migration of people from one area to another.
  • This fencing has become common practice in football stadia to erect perimeter fencing around the playing area to deter pitch invasions by spectators.
  • This fencing is generally of welded metal construction and is frequently in the order of 2 or more metres high, with the result that it impairs the view of some spectators.
  • the fencing may be divided into permanently installed lower sections about 1.2 metres in height and upper sections which can be removed if the stadium is to be used for an event, e.g. a musical concert, at which high fencing is not demanded.
  • audience visibility is not impaired, butthe remaining low fence sections do notal- ways provide adequate security against large numbers of people moving from one zone to another e.g. to occupy seats providing a better view but for which they have not paid.
  • EP-A-0455410 there has been proposed a crowd control barrier comprising a fixed lower section, an upper section pivoted to the lower section, and hydraulic rams for moving the upper section between lowered and raised positions when there is a crowd disturbance.
  • This barrier is relatively expensive to construct and to install, especially if a large number of barriers are needed such as to form a fence around the entire perimeter of a football pitch.
  • a crowd control barrier which is inexpensive to construct and which will provide satisfactory crowd control without impeding clear visibility for spectators or members of an audience located near to the barrier.
  • the present invention satisfies this need by providing a crowd control barrier comprising supporting means extending upwardly from the ground and characterised in that spaced lateral frame members extending transversely to the length of the barrier are supported in a common plane above the ground, and elongate flexible elements are connected to and extend between said lateral frame members.
  • the flexible elements are wires, cables, cords or the like stretched between the lateral frame members under light tension, these elements being sufficiently strong not to break under the weight of a person attempting to cross the barrier and being arranged to give a little, e.g. by stretching, under such loading to make the barrier very difficult for a person to traverse.
  • the elements are substantially parallel to each other and can be spaced apart by a distance of 15 to 25 cms.
  • Tensioning means may be provided for adjusting the tension in each element.
  • the lateral frame members can have first ends connected to pivotal mountings, for example carried by fixed support posts, enabling the barrier to be positioned either side of the posts.
  • Longitudinal frame members interconnecting the ends of the lateral frame members may be adjustable in length, and the longitudinal and/or lateral members may be fitted with freely rotatable means, e.g. rollers or sleeves to make them difficult for a person to stand on.
  • the barrier of the invention is not intended positively to prevent a person climbing across it, but it will discourage people from attempting to cross and at least substantially slow the progress of a person determined to cross the barrier whereby stewards deployed within a stadium will have adequate time to deal with a crowd disturbance situation before a mass migration of people occurs.
  • the barrier assembly illustrated in the Figure 1 forms just one part of a perimeter fence extending around an area 10 enclosed by the fence.
  • the perimeter fence includes spaced vertical posts 11 fixed into the ground, and low panels e.g. 0.9 metres in height, which may be permanently mounted between the posts (only the top and bottom rails 12, 13 of the panels have been shown in the drawing). Solid panels between the posts are not essential and one or more horizontal bars would be adequate.
  • Two adjacent posts are separated by a smaller distance and the space between them may be closed by a hinged gate 14.
  • Two barriers 15, 16 each constructed in accordance with the present invention, are respectively associated with the fence sections on either side of the gate.
  • Each barrier includes a frame with a pair of lateral members 19, 20 extending transversely of the fence.
  • the inner ends of the lateral frame members are releasably interlocked with respective fence posts 11, e.g. by downwardly directed projections on the frame members engaging in sockets in the tops of the posts, and the outer ends of these members are connected by a longitudinal frame member 21.
  • the outer side of the frame is supported by legs 22 which may be adjustable in height.
  • the leg height is substantially the same as the height of the fence posts 11 so that the frame members 19, 20, 21 lie in a substantially horizontal plane about 1.2 metres above ground level.
  • Diagonal struts are fixed between the lateral frame members 19,20 and the lower ends of the legs for strengthening the frame.
  • the legs are connected by horizontal bars 23 at approximately mid height to add further strength and to deter persons from entering under the frame from the area 10.
  • Extending between the lateral frame members 19,20 is a series of longitudinally extending parallel flexible elements 24 zpaced from each other at a distance, e.g. 15-25 cms, so that they can only be walked across with considerable skill and a person can not readily pass between adjacent elements to reach the space on the underside of the barrier.
  • the exact number and form of the elements 24 is not crucial. They may be wires, cables, cords, chains or the like. Preferably they will be arranged to stretch or give slightly in some other way under the weight of a person, but without any risk of breaking, so as to increase the difficulty of crossing the barrier.
  • the elements may be elastic or sprung in some way to impart this resilience.
  • the elements 24 are formed by a single length of metal wire cable threaded through holes in the lateral frame members and suitably secured at its ends.
  • the confronting lateral frame members of the adjacent barriers are non-linear and bent in complimentary shape to define a non-linear passageway leading to the gate. Shaping the passage in this way can assist in slowing down flow of people passing through the gate which may be desirable in the interest of crowd control.
  • the lateral frame members 19, 20 will both be rectilinear and normal to the fence. Barriers according to the invention may be associated with each and every fence panel around the enclosed area 10. Alternatively they may be provided only at those fence sections where crowd control is anticipated to be necessary. Of course adjacent barriers will be in close proximity to avoid gaps through which persons climbing over the fence might pass.
  • each of the barriers 15, 16 has an additional frame 28 extending to the side of the fence remote from the first frame.
  • this additional frame includes lateral members 29, 30 releasably interlocked with the fence posts 11 and interconnected by a longitudinal frame member 31, legs 32 and bracing struts between the legs and lateral frame members.
  • This additional frame 28 acts to deterspectators from approaching the main barrier and provides a zone within which a steward may be stationed.
  • the barrier frames are merely slotted into the fence posts, the barriers can easily be removed in such a case where crowd disturbance is unlikely and the space immediately inside the fence within the area 10 is required for the particular event taking place.
  • the barrier of the invention is not intended to present an insurmountable obstacle to a determined person wanting to cross the fence. Nonetheless, it will deter and impede persons so that rapid crossings by large numbers of people should not occur and stewards will have time to deal with crowd disturbances in a controlled manner.
  • barrier of the invention allows unimpeded view of an event taking place can also be of financial benefit in that higher prices may be charged for seats located where visibility would be affected by a high fence.
  • FIG. 2 Another form of control barrier in accordance with the invention is illustrated in Figures 2 to 7.
  • the crowd control barrier assembly shown in these Figures forms just part of a perimeter fence extending around an area enclosed by the fence, and the barrier is adapted for installation with an existing perimeter fence having spaced vertical posts fixed into the ground and panels mounted between the posts.
  • Two of the posts 11 ( Figure 3) are separated by a shorter distance and the gap between them can be closed by a hinged gate 14.
  • Barrier sections 115, 116,117 (only three shown) are located on either side of the gateway, each section being associated with a respective section of fence extending between adjacent fence posts 11.
  • Each barrier section includes a rectangular frame with a pair of lateral members 119, 120 extending substantially horizontally and transversely to the fence, and a pair of longitudinal members 118,121, each frame member consisting of a tubular rod or bar of circular cross-section, and the ends of the bars being interconnected by tubular corner elements 140, 141 of L, T and + form as appropriate for each connection into and/or onto which elements the bars are fixed by transverse bolts.
  • barrier sections immediately adjacent each other share a lateral frame member so that along a continuous run of barrier sections the number of lateral frame members 119,130 is only one more than the number of sections.
  • the frame corner elements 140 connecting the inner longitudinal members 118 and lateral members 119,120 have additional laterally projecting limbs 143 which are pivotally connected to respective brackets 144 which are fixed to the fence posts 11, by spigots fastened to the brackets being inserted into sockets provided in the upper ends of the posts.
  • This pivotal connection between the barrier and the fence means that the barrier can be swung through 180° from a position extending to one side of the fence, which may be appropriate for some events taking place in the stadium or arena in which the fence and barrier are located , to a position extending laterally to the other side of the fence which may be more suitable for other events.
  • each leg is equipped with a telescopic foot 146 which allows the effective length of the leg to be adjusted and which is fixed in position after adjustment by a clamp bolt inserted through a transverse hole at the lower end of the leg.
  • a respective leg is positioned adjacent the outer end of each lateral frame member 119, 120, but additional legs could be provided if necessary to give greater support and rigidity to the barrier frames.
  • the elongate structural frame members are equipped with loosely fitted plastic sleeves which may be continuous along the frame members or in the form of separate sleeve segments or rollers.
  • the longitudinal frame members 118, 121 could have single continuous sleeves but all frame members preferably have divided sleeves 148, e.g. about 30 cms long.
  • the sleeves are freely rotatable on the frame members and are provided to make it more difficult for a person to climb onto and traverse the barrier.
  • Extending between each pair of spaced lateral frame members 119,120 is a group of parallel flexible elements consisting of plastic coated steel wire cables 124.
  • the spacing and number of cables, as well as their tension and elastic modulus, are chosen so that the barrier is very difficult for a person to cross quickly, as explained above in connection with the Figure 1 embodiment.
  • the cables 124 can be secured to the lateral barrier frame members in any convenient manner.
  • an attachment rail 150 is fastened to the frame member and as may be seen in Figure 4 the rail is bent or fabricated to form three mounting portions 151 which are bolted to the frame member 119, 120, and two equal sections intermediate the mounting portions and having fixed thereto attachment hooks or eyes 152 according to the spacing between the cables.
  • each cable comprises a device (not shown) for adjusting the tension in the cable, which may be a device known per se, such as a screw shackle.
  • the rail sections carrying the eyes 152 are spaced from the frame member 119, 120 to accommodate the sleeve segments 148. It will be understood that those frame members 119, 120 common to adjacent barrier sections will be provided with two cable attachment rails mounted on opposite sides of the frame member for connection of the cables of each barrier section. Other frame members, such as those defining the gateway, will need and be equipped with a single cable attachment rail 150.
  • FIG. 7 An alternative arrangement for attaching the cables is shown in Figure 7.
  • the eyes 160 for the cables are fixed, e.g. by screws, to collars 162 which surround the frame member 119, 121 and are arranged alternately along the frame member with the rotatable sleeve segments 148.
  • the eyes 160 could be fixed directly to the lateral frame members 119, 120, e.g. by welding or screw fixing.
  • the longitudinal frame members 118, 121 are preferably adjustable in length, conveniently achieved by a telescopic construction, to allow for variations in distances separating adjacent fence posts 11, which can occur due to normal tolerances, in particular where the perimeter fence incorporates curved as well as straight sections.
  • the gate 14 is also provided with a barrier section 163.
  • a U-shaped barrier frame 164 is fastened to the gate at a height, slightly below that of the main barrier frame members 118-121, this frame extending horizontally from the gate to define lateral members 165 and a longitudinal member 166.
  • a series of parallel, flexible, plastic coated steel wire cables 124 extend between the lateral members and may be connected to these members as described above.
  • the gate frame members can also be equipped with sleeve rollers as described above.
  • the gate barrier does not interfere with normal operation of the gate since when the gate swings open this barrier will pass below the adjacent fixed barrier section 115, as depicted in broken line in Figure 1. If required, the gate barrier frame 160 may be used to mount a stewards seat.
  • a fixed perimeter fence be provided for supporting the crowd control barrier of the invention and alternatively supporting legs similar to legs 122 could be provided to support the longitudinal members 118. These legs could be fixed permanently in the ground, or where a temporary barrier is to be erected they may merely rest on the ground like the legs 122.
  • the crowd control barrier as described above will act as a substantial obstacle and impediment to persons wishing to traverse the barrier, so that rapid migration of many persons across the barrier will not occur.
  • the barrier position can easily be changed due to the pivotal mounting of the barrier frames.
  • the construction of the frames and the method of attachment of the cables facilitates dismantling and reassembly of the barrier should this be desirable.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
EP93305430A 1992-07-10 1993-07-09 Barriere zum Zurückhalten von Menschenmassen Expired - Lifetime EP0583068B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9214647 1992-07-10
GB929214647A GB9214647D0 (en) 1992-07-10 1992-07-10 Crowd control barrier
GB9309193 1993-05-05
GB939309193A GB9309193D0 (en) 1993-05-05 1993-05-05 Crowd control barrier

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0583068A2 true EP0583068A2 (de) 1994-02-16
EP0583068A3 EP0583068A3 (de) 1995-01-04
EP0583068B1 EP0583068B1 (de) 1997-03-19

Family

ID=26301242

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93305430A Expired - Lifetime EP0583068B1 (de) 1992-07-10 1993-07-09 Barriere zum Zurückhalten von Menschenmassen

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0583068B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69308956D1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2771425A1 (fr) * 1997-11-25 1999-05-28 Albert Constantin Barriere permettant d'empecher des mouvements de foule massifs, notamment pour enceinte de spectacles telle qu'un stade ou autre enceinte sportive
FR2772402A1 (fr) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-18 Meridionale Des Clotures Et Me Ouvrage separatif du type cloture

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4296573A (en) * 1979-07-18 1981-10-27 Sico Incorporated Audience control barrier
GB9010100D0 (en) * 1990-05-04 1990-06-27 Abacus Holdings Ltd Barriers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2771425A1 (fr) * 1997-11-25 1999-05-28 Albert Constantin Barriere permettant d'empecher des mouvements de foule massifs, notamment pour enceinte de spectacles telle qu'un stade ou autre enceinte sportive
FR2772402A1 (fr) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-18 Meridionale Des Clotures Et Me Ouvrage separatif du type cloture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69308956D1 (de) 1997-04-24
EP0583068A3 (de) 1995-01-04
EP0583068B1 (de) 1997-03-19

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