EP0582628A1 - Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps. - Google Patents

Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps.

Info

Publication number
EP0582628A1
EP0582628A1 EP92909856A EP92909856A EP0582628A1 EP 0582628 A1 EP0582628 A1 EP 0582628A1 EP 92909856 A EP92909856 A EP 92909856A EP 92909856 A EP92909856 A EP 92909856A EP 0582628 A1 EP0582628 A1 EP 0582628A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
membrane according
leakage
knitted fabric
layer membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92909856A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0582628B1 (en
Inventor
Hans Willi Meinz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REGIPUR POLYURETHAN-ANLAGENTECHNIK GmbH
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0582628A1 publication Critical patent/EP0582628A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0582628B1 publication Critical patent/EP0582628B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/0009—Special features
    • F04B43/0081—Special features systems, control, safety measures
    • F04B43/009—Special features systems, control, safety measures leakage control; pump systems with two flexible members; between the actuating element and the pumped fluid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-layer diaphragm with leakage derivation for diaphragm pumps, in particular hydraulically actuated pumps, consisting of at least two individual diaphragms lying one above the other and fixed at a circumferential clamping point, between each of which there is an intermediate space.
  • Multi-layer diaphragms of this type have the advantage that a diaphragm rupture can be indicated before the working and pumped medium come into contact with each other.
  • the middle membrane is perforated and provided with radially outwardly conductive slots.
  • One or more of the slots are connected to the environment. If one of the two outer membranes in contact with the conveying or hydraulic medium breaks, the medium passing through the breaking point is directed outward along the radial slots of the middle membrane and can be fed there to a suitable monitoring and signaling device.
  • the superimposed membranes have to act as a single membrane in their entirety. by Glue to be connected.
  • this adhesive connection is subject to considerable shear forces during operation, particularly at higher pressures, loads the diaphragms very unfavorably during the suction stroke and therefore noticeably affects the operational safety of the pump. Increased rigidity must also be accepted.
  • DE-PS 31 46 222 are porous, in the radial and axial direction permeable intermediate layers, e.g. in the form of fleece, between the individual membranes.
  • permeable intermediate layers e.g. in the form of fleece
  • such relatively soft, porous intermediate layers lose their porosity with increasing surface pressure, i.e. in the higher pressure range.
  • the invention has for its object to form a multi-layer membrane of the type mentioned in such a way that the discharge of the leak from the space between the multi-layer membrane is created with the simplest of means, without sacrificing operational reliability.
  • the space between the multilayer membrane should also be permeable to higher-viscosity media in both the low-pressure and high-pressure range so that in the event of a membrane breakage, conveying or penetrating between the membrane systems. Hydraulic medium can leak around the periphery of the membrane for the purpose of leakage monitoring or reporting.
  • a multilayer membrane of the type mentioned at the outset in that at least one space with at least one wrinkle-free and force-free layer following the deformation of the individual membranes and also liquid-permeable layer made of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments is provided and that the intermediate space provided with this layer or these layers communicates in the area of the clamping point with a leakage discharge line accommodated in a surrounding housing.
  • the material used here e.g. made of metal or ceramic or plastic
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed in such a way that it concerns multiaxial or multidirectional scrims, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or fabrics. With such a material it is possible to work without wrinkles and forces even with a relatively large layer thickness.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed in such a way that at least one layer is in the form of a knitted fabric. This results in a particularly advantageous adaptation of the layer to the curvature of the individual membranes at low cost.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed in such a way that at least one layer is designed as a polyamide knitted fabric. The hardness of the polyamide can be chosen so that the layer remains liquid-permeable even at high pressures.
  • the layer is a very inexpensive component.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed such that at least one layer is formed by a fiber reinforcement consisting of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments, which is arranged on one of the mutually facing surfaces of two superimposed individual membranes and from this surface protrudes.
  • the fabric reinforcement is usually placed inside the membrane.
  • this proposal according to the invention uses a plastic fabric, for example made of polyester or polyamide, with a texture that is as coarse as possible, so that the fibers of the fabric are still partially outside the rubber-like membrane. Base material.
  • the protruding texture facilitates the drainage of accumulated leakage between the membrane systems in the event of a membrane breakage.
  • the texture of the protruding tissue can be sufficient for the leakage fluid to drain, particularly in the case of low-viscosity conveying and hydraulic fluids and when the pressures are not extremely high.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed such that at least one layer (9) as a separate intermediate layer between two on top of one another! single membranes is formed.
  • Layer thickness and material can be used here be well adapted to the respective requirements.
  • the combination of such a layer forming a separate intermediate layer with a layer formed by a reinforcing insert can be expedient.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed in such a way that a liquid which is inert to the conveying and hydraulic medium is located in the intermediate spaces and, in the event of a membrane breakage, hydraulically transmits a leakage message to the outside.
  • a liquid which is inert to the conveying and hydraulic medium is located in the intermediate spaces and, in the event of a membrane breakage, hydraulically transmits a leakage message to the outside.
  • Such an inert liquid which is in communication with the environment outside the pump housing, enables a quick response in the event of a diaphragm rupture, so that there is the possibility of a leakage message long before the multi-layer diaphragm becomes leaky as a whole.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the individual membranes are spherical shaped membranes made of elastomers, which are mechanically connected to one another, for example via two membrane braces clamped by means of a screw connection.
  • the pump stroke is carried out by stretching the diaphragm in one and in the opposite direction. Repeated stretching exposes both the membranes and the tissue reinforcement to constant internal tension so that they tend to tear in the area of greatest tension, ie in the middle of the membrane.
  • the service life of such flat membranes is therefore short and they have to be changed accordingly often.
  • Another disadvantage of flat membranes is that due to the high internal stresses, they are not made with chemically highly resistant plastics such as PTFE.
  • the mechanical coupling of the individual membranes is a structurally particularly simple solution. In addition, it is also completely leak-tight if one membrane plate is vulcanized into the membrane layer facing the medium to be pumped and the other membrane plate clamps the two membrane systems together using a screw connection.
  • the multi-layer membrane can be designed such that the individual membranes each have a ring-like bead on their outer edges, which is tightly clamped in a correspondingly formed circumferential groove in the housing.
  • the clamping point of the multi-layer membrane serves on the one hand as centering and fixing the individual membranes; on the other hand, it must seal the fluid and the hydraulic medium space from the outside.
  • the simplest method of clamping a membrane in a sealing manner is based on the principle of a round sealing ring, which has a semicircular to triangular-like cross section. For this purpose, a round ring-like bead is attached to the outer circumference of the individual membranes and the clamping point in the housing is designed as a correspondingly shaped groove.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the circumferential groove or the circumferential grooves is or are connected to the environment outside the housing.
  • a possible leakage can be visually detected by optical monitoring on the outside of the pump housing.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the circumferential groove or grooves is or are connected to a leakage detection device.
  • the leakage can be done automatically, for example by electr see evaluation of a liquid sensor can be detected.
  • the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the leakage detection device is a pressure sensor or pressure switch.
  • the leakage report can be made continuously using a pressure sensor or discontinuously using a pressure switch.
  • the pressure sensor has the advantage that a creeping diaphragm rupture is noticeable through a slowly increasing pressure build-up.
  • the pressure switch is probably the cheapest automatic signaling device, but can only be set to a fixed value, which then outputs the leakage message without warning.
  • two exemplary embodiments of the multilayer membrane according to the invention are illustrated with the aid of a drawing.
  • the drawing shows a section of a longitudinally cut diaphragm pump with a multi-layer diaphragm consisting of two individual diaphragms 1, 2, which is clamped between the housing parts 3, 4.
  • the two single membranes 1, 2 are mechanically clamped over two membranes 5.6 and a screw connection.
  • the individual membranes 1, 2 each have a round-ring-like bead 7, 8 with a triangular cross section on their outer edges.
  • a layer which is permeable to liquid even under pressure here connects the intermediate space 10 between the individual membranes 1, 2 with a groove 11 located in the housing 3, 4.
  • the layer 9 is designed as a knitted fabric and lies as a blank between the individual membranes 1, 2. It consists of textured polyamide filament yarn of type 6.6.
  • the groove 11 communicates with the surroundings outside the housing 3, 4 via a bore 12.
  • a bore 13 is provided for receiving a pressure sensor or pressure switch (not shown).
  • layer 9 is of a fabric reinforcement is formed, which is embedded in a single membrane 1, 2 and protrudes from the surface of the single membrane 1, 2 facing the adjacent single membrane 1, 2. This results in an above-mentioned liquid-permeable texturing.
  • Both mutually facing surfaces of two individual membranes 1, 2 delimiting an intermediate space 10 can be provided with such a texturing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Diaphragms And Bellows (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

A multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps, in particular hydraulic pumps, has at least two superposed individual diaphragms (1, 2) fixed to a rotating clamping site. A space (10) is located between adjacent individual diaphragms (1, 2). At least one space (10) contains at least one fold-free and force-free layer (9) made of a nonwoven, knitted, or woven hard-filament fabric which follows the deformation of the individual diaphragms. When under pressure, this layer (9) is also permeable to liquid. The space (10) containing this (these) layer(s) is connected, in the region of the clamping site, to a leakage offtake (12, 13) surrounded by a housing. The layer (9) can, however, also consist of a fibre reinforcement consisting of a nonwoven, knitted, or woven hard-filament fabric which projects from the diaphragm surface facing the adjacent individual diaphragm. A combination of these types of layers is also possible.

Description

MEHRLAGEN-MEMBRAN MIT LECKAGE-ABLEITUNG FÜR MEMBRANPUMPEN  MULTI-LAYER DIAPHRAGM WITH LEAKAGE DRAINAGE FOR DIAPHRAGM PUMPS
Beschreibung description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Mehrlagen-Membran mit LeckageAbleitung für Membranpumpen, insbesondere hydraulisch beaufschlagte Pumpen, bestehend aus mindestens zwei aufeinanderliegenden, an einer umlaufenden Einspannstelle festgelegten Einzelmembranen, zwischen denen sich jeweils ein Zwischenraum befindet. Mehrlagen-Membranen dieser Art haben den Vorteil, das ein Membranbruch angezeigt werden kann, bevor Arbeits- und Fördermedium miteinander in Berührung kommen. Insbesondere beim Einsatz von hydraulisch beaufschlagten Pumpen ist es für den Anwender von größter Bedeutung, einen Membranbruch rechtzeitig signalisiert zu bekommen, damit es nicht zum Ausfall der gesamten Pumpeneinheit kommen kann, wobei die durch Membranbruch verursachte Vermischung des Fördermediums mit der Hydraulikflüssigkeit den am meisten gefürchtete Störfall überhaupt darstellt. The invention relates to a multi-layer diaphragm with leakage derivation for diaphragm pumps, in particular hydraulically actuated pumps, consisting of at least two individual diaphragms lying one above the other and fixed at a circumferential clamping point, between each of which there is an intermediate space. Multi-layer diaphragms of this type have the advantage that a diaphragm rupture can be indicated before the working and pumped medium come into contact with each other. In particular when using hydraulically operated pumps, it is of the utmost importance for the user to have a diaphragm rupture signaled in good time so that the entire pump unit cannot fail, whereby the mixing of the delivery medium with the hydraulic fluid caused by the diaphragm rupture is the most feared accident represents at all.
Bei einer bekannten Mehrlagen-Membran (US-PS 31 31 638) sind mehrere, mindestens jedoch drei Membranen, aufeinander! iegend angeordnet, wobei die mittlere Membran perforiert und mit radial nach außen leitenden Schlitzen versehen ist. Einer oder mehrere der Schlitze stehen dabei mit der Umgebung in Verbindung. Bei einem Bruch einer der beiden außenliegenden, mit dem Förder- bzw. Hydraulikmedium in Berührung stehenden Membranen wird das durch die Bruchstelle hindurchtretende Medium längs den radialen Schlitzen der mittleren Membran nach außen geleitet und kann dort einer geeigneten uberwachungs- und Meldeeinrichtung zugeführt werden. Die übereinanderliegenden Membranen müssen, um in ihrer Gesamtheit, als eine einzige Membran zu wirken. durch Kleben miteinander verbunden sein. Diese Klebeverbindung unterliegt aber im Betrieb, insbesonder bei höheren Drücken, beträchtlichen Scherkräften, belastet beim Saughub die Membranen sehr ungünstig und beeinträchtigt deshalb die Betriebssicherheit der Pumpe merklich. Auch muß eine vergrößerte Steifigkeit in Kauf genommen werden. In a known multi-layer membrane (US-PS 31 31 638) several, but at least three membranes are on top of each other! mainly arranged, the middle membrane is perforated and provided with radially outwardly conductive slots. One or more of the slots are connected to the environment. If one of the two outer membranes in contact with the conveying or hydraulic medium breaks, the medium passing through the breaking point is directed outward along the radial slots of the middle membrane and can be fed there to a suitable monitoring and signaling device. The superimposed membranes have to act as a single membrane in their entirety. by Glue to be connected. However, this adhesive connection is subject to considerable shear forces during operation, particularly at higher pressures, loads the diaphragms very unfavorably during the suction stroke and therefore noticeably affects the operational safety of the pump. Increased rigidity must also be accepted.
Bei einer weiteren bekannten Mehrlagen-Membran (DE-PS 18 00 018) sind ebenfalls mindestens drei aneinander! iegende Einzelmembranen vorgesehen, die jedoch nicht verklebt, sondern durch ein die Schlitze der mittleren Membran vollständig ausfüllendes Hydraulikmedium hydraulisch gekoppelt sind. Eine solche hydraulische Kopplung läßt sich im Hochdruckbereich einwandfrei nur bei ebenen plattenförmigen Membranen aus relativ harten Werkstoffen realisieren, die jedoch nur einen sehr kleinen Hub ausführen können. Bei Membranen aus Elastomeren bringt die geschlitzte Membranlage an der Einspannstelle Probleme, weil im Hochdruckbereich eine relativ hohe Flächenpressung an der Einspannstelle notwendig ist, um die Membranen nach außen abzudichten. Eine hohe Flächenpressung jedoch verformt die Schlitze in der mittleren Membran derart, daß eine mögliche Leckage nicht mehr durch die verschlossenen Schlitze abgeführt werden kann. In another known multi-layer membrane (DE-PS 18 00 018) there are also at least three together! The individual diaphragms provided are provided, which, however, are not bonded, but are hydraulically coupled by a hydraulic medium that completely fills the slots in the middle membrane. Such a hydraulic coupling can only be properly implemented in the high-pressure range only in the case of flat plate-shaped membranes made of relatively hard materials, which, however, can only perform a very small stroke. In the case of membranes made of elastomers, the slotted membrane system causes problems at the clamping point, because in the high pressure area a relatively high surface pressure is necessary at the clamping point in order to seal the membranes outwards. A high surface pressure, however, deforms the slots in the middle membrane in such a way that a possible leak can no longer be dissipated through the closed slots.
Bei einer weiteren bekannten Mehrlagen-Membran (DE-PS 31 46 222) sind poröse, in radialer und axialer Richtung durchlässige Zwischenlagen, z.B. in Form von Vlies, zwischen den Einzelmembranen vorgeschlagen worden. Solche relativ weichen, porösen Zwischenlagen verlieren jedoch ihre Porosität mit zunehmender Flächenpressung, d.h. im höheren Druckbereich. In another known multi-layer membrane (DE-PS 31 46 222) are porous, in the radial and axial direction permeable intermediate layers, e.g. in the form of fleece, between the individual membranes. However, such relatively soft, porous intermediate layers lose their porosity with increasing surface pressure, i.e. in the higher pressure range.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine MehrlagenMembran der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß die Abführung der Leckage aus dem Zwischenraum der MehrlagenMembran mit einfachsten Mitteln geschaffen wird, ohne daß Abstriche an die Betriebssicherheit gemacht werden mussen. Dabei soll der Zwischenraum der Mehrlagen-Membran auch für höherviskose Medien sowohl im Niederdruck- als auch im Hochdruckbereich so durchlässig sein, daß bei einem Membranbruch zwischen die Membranlagen eingedrungenes Förderbzw. Hydraulikmedium am Umfang der Membran zum Zwecke der Leckage-Überwachung bzw. -Meldung austreten kann. The invention has for its object to form a multi-layer membrane of the type mentioned in such a way that the discharge of the leak from the space between the multi-layer membrane is created with the simplest of means, without sacrificing operational reliability. The space between the multilayer membrane should also be permeable to higher-viscosity media in both the low-pressure and high-pressure range so that in the event of a membrane breakage, conveying or penetrating between the membrane systems. Hydraulic medium can leak around the periphery of the membrane for the purpose of leakage monitoring or reporting.
Diese Aufgabe wird bei einer Mehrlagen-Membran der eingangs erwähnten Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß mindestens ein Zwischenraum mit mindestens einer falten- und kräftefrei der Verformung der Einzelmembranen folgenden, auch unter Druck flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Schicht aus einem Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe aus harten Filamenten versehen ist und daß der mit dieser Schicht / diesen Schichten versehene Zwischenraum im Bereich der Einspannstelle mit einer in einem umgebenden Gehäuse untergebrachten Leckage-Ableitung kommuniziert. This object is achieved according to the invention in a multilayer membrane of the type mentioned at the outset in that at least one space with at least one wrinkle-free and force-free layer following the deformation of the individual membranes and also liquid-permeable layer made of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments is provided and that the intermediate space provided with this layer or these layers communicates in the area of the clamping point with a leakage discharge line accommodated in a surrounding housing.
Das hier eingesetzte Material (z.B. aus Metall oder Keramik oder Kunststoff) kann mit fast beliebig großen FlächenPressungen beansprucht werden, ohne seine Porosität zu verlieren, so daß auch bei hohen Drücken und hochviskosen Medien eine sichere und schnelle Leckage-Meldung vom Zwischenraum bzw. den Zwischenräumen durch den Klemmbereich der Einzelmembranen nach außen ermöglicht wird. The material used here (e.g. made of metal or ceramic or plastic) can be subjected to surface pressures of almost any size without losing its porosity, so that even at high pressures and highly viscous media, a safe and fast leakage message from the space or spaces between them through the clamping area of the individual membranes to the outside.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß es sich um multiaxiale oder multidirektionale Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe handelt. Mit einem solchen Material kann auch bei relativ großer Schichtdicke falten- und kräftefrei gearbeitet werden. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed in such a way that it concerns multiaxial or multidirectional scrims, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics or fabrics. With such a material it is possible to work without wrinkles and forces even with a relatively large layer thickness.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß mindestens eine Schicht als Maschenware ausgebildet ist. Dadurch ergibt sich kostengünstig eine besonders vorteilhafte Anpassung der Schicht an die jeweilige Wölbung der Einzelmembranen. Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß mindestens eine Schicht als Polyamid-Maschenware ausgebildet ist. Die Härte des Polyamids kann dabei so gewählt werden, daß die Schicht auch bei hohen Drucken flüssigkeitsdurchlässig bleibt. Auch hier ist die Schicht ein sehr preisgünstiges Bauelement. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed in such a way that at least one layer is in the form of a knitted fabric. This results in a particularly advantageous adaptation of the layer to the curvature of the individual membranes at low cost. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed in such a way that at least one layer is designed as a polyamide knitted fabric. The hardness of the polyamide can be chosen so that the layer remains liquid-permeable even at high pressures. Here, too, the layer is a very inexpensive component.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß mindestens eine Schicht von einer aus einem Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe aus harten Filamenten bestehenden Faserverstärkung gebildet ist, die auf einer der einander zugewandten Oberflächen von zwei aufeinanderliegenden Einzelmembranen angeordnet ist und aus dieser Oberfläche vorsteht. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed such that at least one layer is formed by a fiber reinforcement consisting of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments, which is arranged on one of the mutually facing surfaces of two superimposed individual membranes and from this surface protrudes.
Üblicherweise wird bei gewebeverstärkten Elastomermembranen die Gewebeverstärkung ins Innere der Membran gelegt. Um jedoch eine möglichst zerklüftete Oberfläche an den aneinanderliegenden Flächen zu erhalten, wird bei diesem Vorschlag nach der Erfindung ein Kunststoffgewebe, z.B. aus Polyester oder Polyamid, mit einer möglichst groben Textur verwendet, so daß sich die Fasern des Gewebes noch teilweise außerhalb des gummiahnliehen Membran-Grundwerkstoffs befinden. Die hervorstehende Textur erleichtert das Abfließen von angesammelter Leckage zwischen den Membranlagen im Falle eines Membranbruchs. Insbesondere bei niederviskosen Förder- und Hydraulikflüssigkeiten und bei nicht extrem hohen Drücken kann die Textur des hervorstehenden Gewebes für ein Abfließen der Leckage-Flüssigkeit ausreichen. Es ist aber auch möglich, die hervorstehende Textur gemeinsam mit einer Schicht aus einem Gelege, Gestricke oder Gewebe zu verwenden, wobei ein besonders gutes Gleiten möglich wird. Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß mindestens eine Schicht (9) als separate Zwischenlage zwischen zwei aufeinander! legenden Einzelmembranen ausgebildet ist. Hier können SchichtdicKe und Material den jeweiligen Erfordernissen gut angepaßt sein. Die Kombination einer solchen eine separate Zwischenlage bildenden Schicht mit einer von einer Verstärkungseinlage gebildeten Schicht kann zweckmäßig sein. In the case of fabric-reinforced elastomer membranes, the fabric reinforcement is usually placed inside the membrane. However, in order to obtain as jagged a surface as possible on the adjoining surfaces, this proposal according to the invention uses a plastic fabric, for example made of polyester or polyamide, with a texture that is as coarse as possible, so that the fibers of the fabric are still partially outside the rubber-like membrane. Base material. The protruding texture facilitates the drainage of accumulated leakage between the membrane systems in the event of a membrane breakage. The texture of the protruding tissue can be sufficient for the leakage fluid to drain, particularly in the case of low-viscosity conveying and hydraulic fluids and when the pressures are not extremely high. However, it is also possible to use the protruding texture together with a layer of a scrim, knitted fabric or fabric, whereby particularly good sliding is possible. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed such that at least one layer (9) as a separate intermediate layer between two on top of one another! single membranes is formed. Layer thickness and material can be used here be well adapted to the respective requirements. The combination of such a layer forming a separate intermediate layer with a layer formed by a reinforcing insert can be expedient.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß sich in den Zwischenräumen eine zum Förder- und Hydraulikmedium inerte Flüssigkeit befindet, die im Fall eines Membranbruchs eine Leckage-Meldung hydraulisch nach außen überträgt. Eine solche inerte Flüssigkeit, die mit der Umgebung außerhalb des Pumpengehäuses in Verbindung steht, ermöglicht ein schnelles Ansprechen im Falle eines Membranbruchs, so daß die Möglichkeit einer Leckage-Meldung besteht, lange bevor die Mehrlagen-Membran insgesamt undicht wird. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed in such a way that a liquid which is inert to the conveying and hydraulic medium is located in the intermediate spaces and, in the event of a membrane breakage, hydraulically transmits a leakage message to the outside. Such an inert liquid, which is in communication with the environment outside the pump housing, enables a quick response in the event of a diaphragm rupture, so that there is the possibility of a leakage message long before the multi-layer diaphragm becomes leaky as a whole.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die Einzelmembranen kalottenförmige Formmembranen aus Elastomeren sind, die mechanisch, z.B. über zwei mittels Schraubenverbindung verspannte Membrantel ler, miteinander verbunden sind. Bei Flachmembranen wird der Pumpenhub durch Dehnen der Membran in die eine und in die entgegengesetzte Richtung ausgeführt. Das wiederholte Dehnen setzt sowohl die Membranen als auch die Gewebeverstärkung einer ständigen inneren Spannung aus, so daß sie dazu neigen, im Bereich der größten Spannung, d.h. in der Mitte der Membran, zu reißen. Die Lebensdauer solcher Flachmembranen ist daher kurz, und sie müssen entsprechend oft gewechselt werden. Ein weiterer Nachteil der Flachmembranen besteht darin, daß sie aufgrund der hohen inneren Spannungen nicht mit chemisch hochbeständigen Kunststoffen, wie z.B. PTFE. beschichtet werden können, da diese den Dehnungen nicht folgen können und sich deshalb vom Elastomer lösen. Werden die Membranen bereits gewölbt hergestellt und in diesem Zustand eingespannt, so erfolgt die Hubbewegung der Membran durch Beulung bzw. Abrollbewegung mit minimaler innerer Spannung, weil die Membran während des Hubes nicht oder nur wenig gedehnt werden muß. Hierdurch wird sowohl eine wesentlich höhere Lebensdauer erzielt als auch eine PTFE-Beschichtung ermöglicht. Die mechanische Kopplung der Einzelmembranen ist eine konstruktiv besonders einfache Lösung. Außerdem ist sie auch völlig leckagedicht, wenn der eine Membranteller in der dem Fördermedium zugewandten Membranläge einvulkanisiert ist und der andere Membranteller über eine Schraubenverbindung die beiden Membranlagen miteinander verspannt. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the individual membranes are spherical shaped membranes made of elastomers, which are mechanically connected to one another, for example via two membrane braces clamped by means of a screw connection. For flat diaphragms, the pump stroke is carried out by stretching the diaphragm in one and in the opposite direction. Repeated stretching exposes both the membranes and the tissue reinforcement to constant internal tension so that they tend to tear in the area of greatest tension, ie in the middle of the membrane. The service life of such flat membranes is therefore short and they have to be changed accordingly often. Another disadvantage of flat membranes is that due to the high internal stresses, they are not made with chemically highly resistant plastics such as PTFE. can be coated since these cannot follow the strains and therefore detach from the elastomer. If the membranes are already arched and clamped in this state, the lifting movement of the membrane takes place by buckling or rolling movement with minimal internal tension because the membrane does not during the stroke or only needs to be stretched a little. As a result, a much longer service life is achieved and a PTFE coating is made possible. The mechanical coupling of the individual membranes is a structurally particularly simple solution. In addition, it is also completely leak-tight if one membrane plate is vulcanized into the membrane layer facing the medium to be pumped and the other membrane plate clamps the two membrane systems together using a screw connection.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die Einzelmembranen an ihren Außenrändern jeweils einen rundringähnlichen Wulst aufweisen, der in jeweils einer entsprechend ausgebildeten umlaufenden Nut im Gehäuse dichtend verspannt ist. Die Einspannstelle der MehrlagenMembran dient zum einen als Zentrierung und Fixierung der Einzelmembranen; zum anderen muß sie den Fördermedium- und den Hydraulikmediumraum nach außen abdichten. Die einfachste Methode, eine Membran dichtend einzuspannen, beruht auf dem Prinzip eines Runddichtringes, der einen halbkreisförmigen bis dreieckähnliehen Querschnitt aufweist. Dazu wird am äußeren Umfang der Einzelmembranen ein rundringähnlicher Wulst angebracht und die Einspannstelle im Gehäuse als entsprechend geformte Nut ausgebildet. According to the invention, the multi-layer membrane can be designed such that the individual membranes each have a ring-like bead on their outer edges, which is tightly clamped in a correspondingly formed circumferential groove in the housing. The clamping point of the multi-layer membrane serves on the one hand as centering and fixing the individual membranes; on the other hand, it must seal the fluid and the hydraulic medium space from the outside. The simplest method of clamping a membrane in a sealing manner is based on the principle of a round sealing ring, which has a semicircular to triangular-like cross section. For this purpose, a round ring-like bead is attached to the outer circumference of the individual membranes and the clamping point in the housing is designed as a correspondingly shaped groove.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die umlaufende Nut bzw. die umlaufenden Nuten mit der Umgebung außerhalb des Gehäuses in Verbindung steht bzw. stehen. Um eine Leckage-Überwachung zu ermöglichen, kann im einfachsten Fall eine mögliche Leckage visuell durch optische Überwachung außen am Pumpengehäuse erfaßt werden. Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die umlaufende Nut bzw. Nuten mit einer LeckageMeldeeinrichtung verbunden ist bzw. sind. Nach diesem Vorschlag kann die Leckage automatisch, z.B. durch elektrom sehe Auswertung eines Flüssigkeitssensors, erfaßt werden. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the circumferential groove or the circumferential grooves is or are connected to the environment outside the housing. In order to enable leakage monitoring, in the simplest case a possible leakage can be visually detected by optical monitoring on the outside of the pump housing. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the circumferential groove or grooves is or are connected to a leakage detection device. According to this proposal, the leakage can be done automatically, for example by electr see evaluation of a liquid sensor can be detected.
Erfindungsgemäß kann die Mehrlagen-Membran so ausgebildet sein, daß die Leckage-Meldeeinrichtung ein Drucksensor oder Druckschalter ist. Grundsätzlich kann die Leckage-Meldung kontinuierlich mittels Drucksensor oder diskontinuierlich mittels Druckschalter erfolgen. Der Drucksensor hat den Vorteil, daß sich ein einschleichender Membranbruch durch einen langsam steigenden Druckaufbau bemerkbar macht. Der Druckschalter stellt die wohl preiswerteste selbsttätige Meldeeinrichtung dar, kann jedoch nur auf einen festen Wert eingestellt werden, der dann die Leckage-Meldung ohne Vorwarnung ausgibt. Im folgenden Teil der Beschreibung werden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Mehrlagen-Membran anhand einer Zeichnung dargestellt. According to the invention, the multilayer membrane can be designed such that the leakage detection device is a pressure sensor or pressure switch. In principle, the leakage report can be made continuously using a pressure sensor or discontinuously using a pressure switch. The pressure sensor has the advantage that a creeping diaphragm rupture is noticeable through a slowly increasing pressure build-up. The pressure switch is probably the cheapest automatic signaling device, but can only be set to a fixed value, which then outputs the leakage message without warning. In the following part of the description, two exemplary embodiments of the multilayer membrane according to the invention are illustrated with the aid of a drawing.
Die Zeichnung zeigt einen Ausschnitt einer längsgeschnittenen Membranpumpe mit einer aus zwei Einzelmembranen 1,2 bestehenden Mehrlagen-Membran, die zwischen den Gehäuseteilen 3,4 eingespannt ist. Die beiden Ei nzel membranen 1 , 2 si nd mechani sch über zwei Membrante l l er 5,6 und eine Schraubenverbindung verspannt. Die Einzelmembranen 1,2 weisen an ihren Außenrändern jeweils einen rundringähnlichen Wulst 7,8 mit dreieckigem Querschnitt auf. Eine auch unter Druck flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Schicht verbindet hier den Zwischenraum 10 zwischen den Einzelmembranen 1,2 mit einer im Gehäuse 3,4 befindlichen Nut 11. Die Schicht 9 ist nach einer ersten Ausführungsform als Maschenware ausgeführt und liegt als Zuschnitt zwischen den Einzelmembranen 1,2. Sie besteht aus texturiertem Polyamid-Filamentgarn der Type 6.6. über eine Bohrung 12 steht die Nut 11 mit der Umgebung außerhalb des Gehäuses 3,4 in Verbindung. Eine Bohrung 13 ist für die Aufnahme eines Drucksensors oder Druckschalters (ohne Abb.) vorgesehen. The drawing shows a section of a longitudinally cut diaphragm pump with a multi-layer diaphragm consisting of two individual diaphragms 1, 2, which is clamped between the housing parts 3, 4. The two single membranes 1, 2 are mechanically clamped over two membranes 5.6 and a screw connection. The individual membranes 1, 2 each have a round-ring-like bead 7, 8 with a triangular cross section on their outer edges. A layer which is permeable to liquid even under pressure here connects the intermediate space 10 between the individual membranes 1, 2 with a groove 11 located in the housing 3, 4. According to a first embodiment, the layer 9 is designed as a knitted fabric and lies as a blank between the individual membranes 1, 2. It consists of textured polyamide filament yarn of type 6.6. The groove 11 communicates with the surroundings outside the housing 3, 4 via a bore 12. A bore 13 is provided for receiving a pressure sensor or pressure switch (not shown).
Nach einer weiteren Ausführungsform ist die Schicht 9 von einer Gewebeverstärkung gebildet, die in eine Einzelmembran 1,2 eingebettet ist und dabei aus derjenigen Oberfläche der Einzelmembran 1,2 heraus vorsteht, die der benachbarten Einzelmembran 1,2 zugewandt ist. Es ergibt sich somit eine vorstehende flüssigkeitsdurchlässige Texturierung. According to a further embodiment, layer 9 is of a fabric reinforcement is formed, which is embedded in a single membrane 1, 2 and protrudes from the surface of the single membrane 1, 2 facing the adjacent single membrane 1, 2. This results in an above-mentioned liquid-permeable texturing.
Es können beide einander zugewandten Oberflächen von zwei einen Zwischenraum 10 begrenzenden Einzelmembranen 1,2 mit einer derartigen Texturierung versehen sein. Both mutually facing surfaces of two individual membranes 1, 2 delimiting an intermediate space 10 can be provided with such a texturing.
Die vorstehend beschriebenen Schichtausbildungen zwischen benachbarten Einzelmembranen können je nach den vorliegenden Bedingungen insbesondere hinsichlich Druck und Viskosität miteinander kombiniert eingesetzt werden. The above-described layer formations between adjacent individual membranes can be used in combination with one another, in particular with regard to pressure and viscosity, depending on the prevailing conditions.

Claims

Ansprüche 1. Mehrlagen-Membran mit Leckage-Ableitung für Membranpumpen, insbesondere hydraulisch beaufschlagte Pumpen, bestehend aus mindestens zwei aufeinanderliegenden, an einer umlaufenden Einspannstelle festgelegten Einzelmembranen, zwischen denen sich jeweils ein Zwischenraum befindet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Zwischenraum (10) mit mindestens einer falten- und kräftefrei der Verformung der Einzelmembranen (1,2) folgenden, auch unter Druck flüssigkeitsdurchlässigen Schicht (9) aus einem Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe aus harten Filamenten versehen ist und daß der mit dieser Schicht / diesen Schichten (9) versehene Zwischenraum (10) im Bereich der Einspannstelle mit einer in einem umgebenden Gehäuse (3,4) untergebrachten Leckage-Ableitung (11,12,13) kommuniziert. Claims 1. Multi-layer membrane with leakage derivation for membrane pumps, in particular hydraulically actuated pumps, consisting of at least two individual membranes lying one on top of the other, fixed at a circumferential clamping point, between each of which there is a space, characterized in that at least one space (10) with at least one wrinkle-free and force-free layer (9) that follows the deformation of the individual membranes (1, 2) and is also liquid-permeable under pressure from a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments, and that the layer (s) (9 ) provided space (10) in the area of the clamping point communicates with a leakage drain (11, 12, 13) housed in a surrounding housing (3, 4).
2. Mehrlagen-Membran nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Schicht (9) aus einem multiaxialen oder multidirektionalen Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe gebildet ist. 2. Multi-layer membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one layer (9) is formed from a multiaxial or multidirectional scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric.
3. Mehrlagen-Membran nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Schicht als Maschenware ausgebildet ist. 3. Multi-layer membrane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one layer is formed as a knitted fabric.
4. Mehrlagen-Membran nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Schicht als Polyamid-Maschenware ausgebildet ist. 4. Multi-layer membrane according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one layer is formed as a polyamide knitted fabric.
5. Mehrlagen-Membran nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Schicht von einer aus einem Gelege, Gewirke, Gestricke oder Gewebe aus harten Filamenten bestehenden Faserverstärkung gebildet ist, die auf einer der einander zugewandten Oberflächen von zwei aufeinanderliegenden Einzelmembranen ange ordnet ist und aus dieser Oberfläche vorsteht. 5. Multi-layer membrane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one layer is formed from a fiber reinforcement consisting of a scrim, knitted fabric, knitted fabric or fabric made of hard filaments, which is on one of the mutually facing surfaces of two superimposed individual membranes is organized and protrudes from this surface.
6. Mehrlagen-Membran nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Schicht (9) als separate Zwischen läge zwischen zwei aufeinanderliegenden Einzelmembranen ausgebildet ist. 6. Multi-layer membrane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one layer (9) is formed as a separate intermediate layer between two superimposed individual membranes.
7. Mehrlagen-Membran nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sich in den Zwischenräumen (10) eine zum Förder- und Hydraulikmedium inerte Flüssigkeit befindet, die im Fall eines Membranbruchs eine Leckage-Meldung hydraulisch nach außen überträgt. 7. Multi-layer membrane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the spaces (10) is a liquid inert to the delivery and hydraulic medium, which transmits a leakage message hydraulically to the outside in the event of a diaphragm rupture.
8. Mehrlagen-Membran nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzelmembranen8. Multi-layer membrane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual membranes
(1,2) kalottenförmige Formmembranen aus Elastomeren sind, die mechanisch, z.B. über zwei mittels Schraubenverbindung verspannte Membranteller (5,6), miteinander verbunden sind. (1,2) spherical shaped membranes made of elastomers, which are mechanically, e.g. are connected to each other via two membrane plates (5, 6) braced by means of a screw connection.
9. Mehrlagen-Membran nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einzelmembranen (1,2) an ihren Außenrändern jeweils einen rundringähnl ichen Wulst (7,8) aufweisen, der in jeweils einer entsprechend ausgebildeten umlaufenden Nut (11) im Gehäuse (3,4) dichtend verspannt ist. 9. Multi-layer membrane according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual membranes (1,2) each have on their outer edges a round ring-like bead (7,8), each in a correspondingly formed circumferential groove (11) in the housing (3,4) is tightly clamped.
10. Mehrlagen-Membran nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die umlaufende Nut (11) bzw. die umlaufenden Nuten mit der Umgebung außerhalb des Gehäuses (3,4) in Verbindung steht bzw. stehen. 10. Multi-layer membrane according to claim 9, characterized in that the circumferential groove (11) or the circumferential grooves communicates with the environment outside the housing (3, 4).
11. Mehrlagen-Membran nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die umlaufende Nut (11) bzw. Nuten mit einer Leckage-Meldeeinrichtung verbunden ist bzw. sind. 11. Multi-layer membrane according to claim 10, characterized in that the circumferential groove (11) or grooves is or are connected to a leakage detection device.
12. Mehrlagen-Membran nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Leckage-Meldeeinrichtung ein Drucksensor oder Druckschalter ist. 12. Multi-layer membrane according to claim 11, characterized in that the leakage reporting device is a pressure sensor or pressure switch.
EP92909856A 1991-05-03 1992-05-04 Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps Expired - Lifetime EP0582628B1 (en)

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DE4114439 1991-05-03
DE4114439 1991-05-03
PCT/DE1992/000351 WO1992019866A1 (en) 1991-05-03 1992-05-04 Multi-layered diaphragm with leakage offtake for diaphragm pumps

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EP0582628B1 EP0582628B1 (en) 1997-01-22

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EP0582628B1 (en) 1997-01-22
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JPH06506998A (en) 1994-08-04
ATE148202T1 (en) 1997-02-15

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