EP0582609B1 - Use of special compounds as smoothing agents in combing oils - Google Patents

Use of special compounds as smoothing agents in combing oils Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0582609B1
EP0582609B1 EP92909176A EP92909176A EP0582609B1 EP 0582609 B1 EP0582609 B1 EP 0582609B1 EP 92909176 A EP92909176 A EP 92909176A EP 92909176 A EP92909176 A EP 92909176A EP 0582609 B1 EP0582609 B1 EP 0582609B1
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Prior art keywords
carbon atoms
aliphatic
esters
wool
combing
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EP92909176A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0582609A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Becker
Raymond Mathis
Sylvia Stapper-Druyen
Karin Robrahn
Rainer Hoffmann
Yasar Cüneyt KIRAY
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/165—Ethers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
    • D06M2200/40—Reduced friction resistance, lubricant properties; Sizing compositions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the use of compounds with solidification points above 25 ° C., selected from the group of dialkyl ethers with 2 identical or different hydrocarbon radicals, carboxylic acid esters of mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic monofunctional alcohols and esters of two, three and / or tetravalent alcohols and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids as a smoothing agent in combing oils for the production of wool and a method for smoothing wool in the production of wool using the compounds selected from the above group with solidification points above 25 ° C.
  • Wool which is to be processed into ridges, has to be freed from inorganic fiber substances such as sand, dust and salts from wool sweat and from organic fiber substances such as straw, feed residues, wool fat and sweat by an intensive washing process before the spinning process.
  • inorganic fiber substances such as sand, dust and salts from wool sweat and from organic fiber substances such as straw, feed residues, wool fat and sweat
  • the static and dynamic frictional relationships of the wool are greatly changed, so that the further processing of the wool, especially where intensive fiber / fiber and fiber / metal friction occur, extremely becomes problematic.
  • the wool fiber material is particularly stressed during the carding process, in which a fiber structure (carding tape) is produced by parallelization and fine opening.
  • combing oils is accordingly used for the mixture of smoothing agents and emulsifiers.
  • dialkyl ether compounds are known with the same or different saturated and / or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 24 carbon atoms. These dialkyl ether compounds can also be applied, inter alia, in the form of dispersions as smoothing agents to textile fiber materials of various types, as a result of which a reduction in the friction between fibers and metal is achieved becomes.
  • wool is also treated as textile fiber materials in the above-mentioned published application, there is no indication that especially by treatment with dialkyl ethers with solidification points above 25 ° C., the stack shortening, the combing waste and the electrostatic charge are improved.
  • a mixture of fatty acid esters of fatty acids with 14 to 18 carbon atoms and monohydric alcohols with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, paraffins with a melting range of 40 to 60 ° C. and fatty acid amidopolyamines are known as smoothing agents from German published patent application DE-A-26 21 881. Such smoothing agents thus give treated textile fiber materials, among other things, wool, the smoothness necessary for further processing.
  • British patent specification GB-C-12 90 688 describes textile finishing agents which contain esters of monocarboxylic acids with 16 to 30 C atoms and long-chain monofunctional alcohols with 12 to 30 C atoms. Applied, natural and above all synthetic fibers have the advantage of being dirt-repellent.
  • the object of the present invention was to provide compounds for use in combing oils which impart a good smoothness to wool, minimize stacking, combing waste and electrostatic charging.
  • the connections should be easy to wash out and should not contain any resinous, sticky or even wool-damaging components.
  • the object can be achieved by using compounds with Freezing points above 25 ° C, selected from the group of dialkyl ethers, carboxylic acid esters of mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with monofunctional alcohols and esters of di-, tri- and / or tetravalent alcohols with aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.
  • the term solidification point stands for the so-called rising melting point as defined in Römpps Chemie-Lexikon, 8th edition, vol. 5, page 3727 f, Stuttgart (1987). Accordingly, the solidification point is the temperature at which the sample, which is located in a capillary suspended on both sides in a water bath, begins to rise in the glass tube.
  • the smoothing agents used according to the invention should all have a solidification point above 25 ° C.
  • the physical state, defined by the solidification point, of the compounds used according to the invention is essential to the invention, since only compounds which are solid at room temperature are to be used in the sense of the invention. Our own comparative tests were able to show that compounds with a comparable chemical structure show significantly different friction values, wool lengths and combing waste, depending on the solidification points of the compounds.
  • the dialkyl ethers according to the invention are commercially available products and are generally prepared by catalytic dehydration of alcohols or by reacting alkyl halides with alcoholates (Williamson synthesis), for example as described in Ullmann's Enzyklopadie der Technische Chemie, 4th ed., Vol. 8 ( 1974), pages 146-156, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim.
  • the dialkyl ethers used according to the invention can be symmetrical and / or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers with two identical or with different aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals each having 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • the two aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals which are linked to one another via the ether arsenic substance can be saturated and / or unsaturated in nature, branched and / or unbranched.
  • Dialkyl ethers with two identical or different aliphatic, saturated hydrocarbon radicals each having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and preferably each having 8 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred. Because of the biodegradability, dialkyl ethers are expediently used which carry the same or different aliphatic, saturated, unbranched hydrocarbon radicals, each with an even number of carbon atoms.
  • Particularly suitable dialkyl ethers are ditalgal, distearyl ether, dilauryl ether and / or technical mixtures such as dicoconut fatty alcohol ether.
  • the compounds used according to the invention with solidification points above 25 ° C. can also be selected from the group of carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 C atoms and aliphatic monofunctional alcohol with 1 to 22 C atoms.
  • Carboxylic acid esters are also commercially available products and are obtained by esterifying the mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with the monofunctional alcohols in appropriate proportions or by transesterifying carboxylic acid esters with other monofunctional alcohols.
  • the monocarboxylic acid esters used according to the invention can be derived from aliphatic, saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched monocarboxylic acids having 2 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • Suitable monocarboxylic acids are butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, castor oleic acid, linoleic and / or linolenic acid.
  • Suitable aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are carboxyl-terminated, saturated and / or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as azelaic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid and / or adipic acid.
  • Saturated and / or unsaturated and branched and / or unbranched alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms such as methanol, ethanol, butanol, propanol, capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, pelargon alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, n- and isopentadecanol, palmityl alcohol, can be used as aliphatic monofunctional alcohols , Stearyl alcohol, beheny alcohol, oleyl alcohol, ricinol alcohol and / or linolenyl alcohol. Of these, the aliphatic, saturated, branched and / or unbranched monofunctional alcohols are particularly suitable.
  • carboxylic acid esters are stearyl stearate, methyl stearate, methyl behenate, lauryl stearate, decyl stearate, octyl behenate, Butyl behenate, dimethyl oxalate, dimethyl sebacinate and / or dioctyl adipate.
  • the compounds according to the invention can also be selected from the group of esters of di-, tri- and / or tetravalent aliphatic alcohols with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • Esters of saturated aliphatic di-, tri- and / or tetravalent alcohols such as of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, butanediols, hexanediols, 1,2,4-butanetriol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol and / or glycerol, are preferred.
  • Suitable aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms have already been discussed in the discussion of the carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic monofunctional alcohols.
  • the esters of glycerol, the triglycerides can be of natural and / or synthetic origin. Triglycerides of natural origin, such as coconut fat, palm kernel fat, laurel fat, cocoa butter and beef tallow, and the hydrogenated vegetable oils, such as hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated castor oil and hydrogenated rapeseed oil, are preferred.
  • the naturally occurring triglycerides can be modified by transesterification with one of the aforementioned aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 2 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • esters of the other di-, tri- and / or tetravalent aliphatic alcohols having 2 to 22 carbon atoms are generally prepared by direct esterification of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with the alcohol.
  • Very particularly suitable compounds of group C) are glycerol tristearate, trimethylolpropane tristearate, glycerol monolauryl distearate.
  • one or more compounds selected from the groups described can be used.
  • the Mixing ratios of the compounds selected from groups A), B) and C) can be varied within wide limits and are only limited by the miscibility or homogenizability of the compounds with one another.
  • carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic, saturated mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic, saturated monofunctional alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms and esters of saturated di-, tri- and / or tetravalent are preferred aliphatic alcohols with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic, saturated monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms are used.
  • the esters of the saturated trihydric and / or tetravalent alcohols the esters of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and / or pentaerythritol are particularly preferred.
  • the compounds according to the invention are used as smoothing agents in combing oils in amounts of 50 to 95% by weight in admixture with emulsifiers and conventional auxiliaries.
  • the compounds according to the invention are preferably used in amounts of 50 to 90% by weight mixed with emulsifiers in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight, the amounts adding up to 100% by weight.
  • the mixed emulsifiers can show nonionic, cationic, anionic and / or amphoteric character in water.
  • Suitable nonionic emulsifiers are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated and / or propoxylated fats, oils, fatty alcohols with 8 to 24 carbon atoms, fatty amines with 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the fat residue and / or C8-C18 alkylphenols.
  • Examples include castor oil with 25 moles of ethylene oxide (EO), tallow alcohol with 5 moles of EO, tallow alcohol with 20 moles of EO tallow alcohol with 9 moles of propylene oxide (PO) and 5.5 moles of EO, (12/14 lauric alcohol with 5 PO and 4 EO ), C12-C18 coconut alcohol with 10 moles of EO, nonylphenol with 10 moles of EO and / or fatty amines such as coconut amine, tallow amine, oleylamine with 2 to 20 moles of EO.
  • EO ethylene oxide
  • tallow alcohol with 5 moles of EO tallow alcohol with 20 moles of EO tallow alcohol with 9 moles of propylene oxide (PO) and 5.5 moles of EO
  • PO propylene oxide
  • (12/14 lauric alcohol with 5 PO and 4 EO ) (12/14 lauric alcohol with 5 PO and 4 EO
  • Suitable cationic emulsifiers are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alkylamines with 10 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical in the form of their ammonium salts, for example stearylamine with 10 mol EO.
  • Suitable anionic emulsifiers are, for example, alkali and / or ammonium salts of C6-C24 fatty acids, C8-C22-alkyl and / or C8-C22-alkyl ether sulfates, C8-C22-alkyl and / or C8-C22-alkylbenzenesulfonates, C8- C22-alkyl and / or C8-C22-alkylbenzenesulfosuccinates and / or C8-C22-alkyl and / or C8-C22-alkyl ether phosphates.
  • amphoteric emulsifiers are C8-C22-alkyldimethylbetaines, N-C8-C22-alkylamidobetaines and / or amphoteric surfactants to be derived from amino acids.
  • the compounds used according to the invention are melted together with one or more non-interfering emulsifiers at 40 to 100 ° C. and stirred.
  • combing oils are often required to have other properties, such as low foaming, softening, and no or at most only slight yellowing on the wool flake.
  • optionally conventional auxiliaries in amounts of 0 to 20% by weight, based on 100% by weight of combing oil, are added.
  • customary auxiliaries are antioxidants, defoamers, stabilizers, antistatic agents, preservatives, pH regulators and / or fragrances.
  • Such conventional auxiliaries are known from the prior art.
  • An exemplary list of suitable customary auxiliaries can be found in German Offenlegungsschrift DE-A-37 06 362.
  • the combing oils in which the compounds according to the invention are used can be applied to the wool neat or in the form of dispersions.
  • the compounds according to the invention are mixed with emulsifiers and, if appropriate, customary auxiliaries, melted and applied to the wool with the aid of customary equipment, such as metering pump systems or spraying systems.
  • the combing oils can be applied as aqueous or organic dispersions.
  • suitable organic solvents for example aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbons, such as gasoline, cyclohexane, toluene, xylene or halogenated, preferably chlorinated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride or perchlorethylene.
  • aqueous dispersions of combing oils are preferable.
  • the combing oils are melted at 40 to 100 ° C. before the water, optionally under pressure, is added.
  • the molten combing oils is added to hot water at 50 to 100 ° C.
  • Finely divided, aqueous dispersions with solids contents of 5 to 40% by weight are formed, which are usually adjusted to a pH of 7 to 10 by means of pH regulators.
  • the aqueous dispersions can also be applied using conventional equipment, preferably by spraying or by forced application in a bath, preferably in the last wash bath for raw wool washing.
  • the compounds used according to the invention mixed with emulsifiers and, if appropriate, customary auxiliaries are applied to the wool flakes before the carding process.
  • the combing oils are applied to the wool or mixtures thereof in amounts of 0.2 to 1.5% by weight, preferably up to 0.6% by weight, based on the total active substance content.
  • Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, 40.0 g of n-octyl behenate, 20 g of hardened beef tallow (% by weight: 0.5 C12, 3 - 6 C14, 28 - 42 C16, 41 - 82 C18, 0.5 C20, 0.5 C22), 10.0 g K salt of the phosphoric acid ester of stearyl cetyl alcohol with 10.5 mol EO, 9.0 g hardened castor oil with 25 mol EO, 9 g tallow alcohol with 9 mol propylene oxide (PO) and 5.5 mol EO and 12 g of an oleyl / cetyl alcohol (wt .-%: 0 - 3 C14, 8 - 30 C16, 60 - 83 C18) mixed with 10 moles of EO. A solid product with a softening point of 40 ° C. was obtained.
  • Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, 76.5 g of ethylene glycol dilaurate , 8.0 g of a C 12/18 alcohol mixture ethoxylated with 5 mol (% by weight: 0-2 C12, 1-7 C14, 27-35 C16, 55-75 C18, 0 - 2 C20) 4.5 g C12 / C14 alcohol (wt .-%: 70 C12, 30 C14) with 6 mol EO, 7.0 g alkylbenzenesulfonic acid and 4.0 g of diethanolamine are mixed. A solid product with a degree of softening of 53 to 55 ° C. was obtained.
  • a combing oil was prepared analogously to Example 3, with the difference that instead of ethylene glycol dilaurate, the ester of ethylene glycol with tallow fatty acid which is liquid at room temperature (% by weight: approx. 3 C14, 27 - 31 C16, 58 - 68 C18, approx. 1 C20) was used.
  • Washed and dried wool was flaked (Australian sweat wool with an average diameter of 21 9 »m and an average length of 64 mm according to raw wool certificate, ie according to estimate) at approx. 25 ° C and 55% relative humidity with aqueous dispersions of the combing oils Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 sprayed.
  • the amount of combing oil was 0.4% by weight and that of water was 0.6% by weight, based on the weight of the wool.
  • the average fiber length H (in mm) was determined after carding but before combing with a Peyer Almeter al 100.
  • the combed (in%) and the combed (in% based on washed and dried flake) were determined by check weighing.
  • Table 1 The test results are summarized in Table 1.
  • Example 1 Washed and dried wool as a flake (22.0 to 22.5 »and approx. 12 to 14% moisture content) was sprayed with Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 at approx. 25 ° C. and 55% relative humidity.
  • the amount of combing oil was 0.3% by weight and water 0.7% by weight, based on the wool weight, on the wool flake.
  • the electrostatic charge was measured at the card exit with an Eltex device using the induction current method (measuring distance 100 mm). It can be seen from Table 2 that wool flakes treated with combing oils according to the invention have a lower electrostatic charge than according to Comparative Example 1.
  • Table 2 Comb oil according to electrical charging (KV m ⁇ 1) example 1 - 20th Comparative Example 1 - 50

Abstract

Special compounds having setting point above 25 °C selected from the group of the dialkyl ethers and/or carboxylic acid esters are used as smoothing agents in combing oils for the production of wool combed slivers.

Description

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Verwendung von Verbindungen mit Erstarrungspunkten über 25 °C, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Dialkylether mit 2 gleichen oder verschiedenen Kohlenwasserstoffresten, Carbonsäureester von Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren und aliphatischen monofunktionellen Alkoholen und Ester von zwei,- drei-und/oder vierwertigen Alkoholen und aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren als Glättemittel in Kämmölen für die Kammzugherstellung von Wolle sowie ein Verfahren zum Glätten von Wolle bei der Kammzugherstellung unter Einsatz der Verbindungen ausgewählt aus der vorgenannten Gruppe mit Erstarrungspunkten über 25 °C.The present invention relates to the use of compounds with solidification points above 25 ° C., selected from the group of dialkyl ethers with 2 identical or different hydrocarbon radicals, carboxylic acid esters of mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids and aliphatic monofunctional alcohols and esters of two, three and / or tetravalent alcohols and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids as a smoothing agent in combing oils for the production of wool and a method for smoothing wool in the production of wool using the compounds selected from the above group with solidification points above 25 ° C.

Wolle, die zu Kammzügen verarbeitet werden soll, muß vor dem Spinnprozeß durch einen intensiven Waschvorgang von anorganischen Faserbegleitstoffen wie Sand, Staub und Salze des Wollschweißes und von organischen Faserbegleitstoffen wie Stroh, Futterreste, Wollfett und Schweiß befreit werden. Durch Entfernen der Faserbegleitstoffe, insbesondere durch das Entfernen der Wollwachse und Wollfette, werden die statischen und dynamischen Reibungsverhältnisse der Wolle stark verändert, so daß die Weiterverarbeitung der Wolle, insbesondere dort, wo intensive Faser/Faser- und Faser/Metall-Reibungen auftreten, äußerst problematisch wird. Vor allem während des Krempelvorganges, in dem durch Parallelisieren und Feinöffnen ein Faserverband (Krempelband) hergestellt wird, wird das Wollfasermaterial stark beansprucht. Diese Beanspruchung führt häufig zu elektrostatischen Aufladungen und zu einer Reduzierung der mittleren Stapellänge der Wolle sowie zu vermehrtem Kämmabfall. Um der elektrostatischen Aufladung, der Stapeleinkürzung und dem Kämmabfall entgegenzuwirken, ist es erforderlich, die Wolle nach dem Waschvorgang und vor dem Krempeln mit Kämmölen auszurüsten. Üblicherweise werden bei 20 °C bis 25 °C (Raumtemperatur) flüssige Glättemittel, wie Olivenöl, Erdnußöl, Olein, Fette, Fettsäureester und Mineralöle verschiedener Art in Kombination mit Emulgatoren als Kämmöle benutzt (vergleiche Handbuch für Textilingenieure und Textilpraktiker, herausgegeben von Prof. E. Wagner, 2. Auflage, 1974, Oskar-Spohr-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, Seiten 47 ff. und vergleiche "Textil praxis international", 45. Jg., Konradin Verlag, Leinfelden, Oktober 1990, Aufsatz von W. Becker, Seiten 1035-1038). Im Sinne der Erfindung wird demgemäß der Begriff der Kämmöle für die Mischung von Glättemittel und Emulgatoren verwendet.Wool, which is to be processed into ridges, has to be freed from inorganic fiber substances such as sand, dust and salts from wool sweat and from organic fiber substances such as straw, feed residues, wool fat and sweat by an intensive washing process before the spinning process. By removing the accompanying fibers, in particular by removing the wool waxes and wool greases, the static and dynamic frictional relationships of the wool are greatly changed, so that the further processing of the wool, especially where intensive fiber / fiber and fiber / metal friction occur, extremely becomes problematic. The wool fiber material is particularly stressed during the carding process, in which a fiber structure (carding tape) is produced by parallelization and fine opening. This stress often leads to electrostatic charges and to a reduction in the average pile length of the wool, as well as an increase Comb waste. In order to counteract the electrostatic charge, the stack shortening and the combing waste, it is necessary to equip the wool with combing oils after the washing process and before carding. Usually, at 20 ° C to 25 ° C (room temperature) liquid smoothing agents such as olive oil, peanut oil, olein, fats, fatty acid esters and mineral oils of various types are used in combination with emulsifiers as combing oils (see manual for textile engineers and textile practitioners, published by Prof. E Wagner, 2nd edition, 1974, Oskar-Spohr-Verlag, Frankfurt am Main, pages 47 ff. And compare "Textil praxis international", 45th year, Konradin Verlag, Leinfelden, October 1990, essay by W. Becker, Pages 1035-1038). For the purposes of the invention, the term combing oils is accordingly used for the mixture of smoothing agents and emulsifiers.

Obgleich diese flüssigen Kämmöle in der Lage sind, die Stapeleinkürzung, den Kämmabfall und die elektrostatische Wirkung günstig zu beeinflussen, besteht weiterhin ein Bedarf an Kämmölen, die verbesserte Wirkungen zeigen. So kann bei einer Reduzierung der elektrostatischen Aufladung die Krempelgeschwindigkeit erhöht und dank reduzierter Stapeleinkürzung die Produktqualität angehoben werden, was für die Kammzughersteller von enormem wirtschaftlichen Nutzen ist.Although these liquid combing oils are able to favorably influence the stack reduction, the combing waste and the electrostatic effect, there is still a need for combing oils which show improved effects. If the electrostatic charge is reduced, the carding speed can be increased and the product quality can be increased thanks to the reduced stack shortening, which is of enormous economic benefit for the manufacturers of the ridges.

Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE-A-37 06 362 sind Dialkyletherverbindungen bekannt mit gleichen oder verschiedenen gesättigten und/oder ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffresten mit 6 bis 24 C-Atomen. Diese Dialkyletherverbindungen können unter anderem auch in Form von Dispersionen als Glättemittel auf Textilfasermaterialien unterschiedlicher Art aufgebracht werden, wodurch eine Verminderung der Reibung zwischen Fasern und Metall erreicht wird. Obgleich in der genannten Offenlegungsschrift als Textilfasermaterialien auch Wolle behandelt wird, ist dort kein Hinweis zu entnehmen, daß besonders durch Behandlung mit Dialkylethern mit Erstarrungspunkten über 25 °C die Stapeleinkürzung, der Kämmabfall und die elektrostatische Aufladung verbessert wird.From the German patent application DE-A-37 06 362 dialkyl ether compounds are known with the same or different saturated and / or unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals having 6 to 24 carbon atoms. These dialkyl ether compounds can also be applied, inter alia, in the form of dispersions as smoothing agents to textile fiber materials of various types, as a result of which a reduction in the friction between fibers and metal is achieved becomes. Although wool is also treated as textile fiber materials in the above-mentioned published application, there is no indication that especially by treatment with dialkyl ethers with solidification points above 25 ° C., the stack shortening, the combing waste and the electrostatic charge are improved.

Aus der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE-A-26 21 881 sind als Glättemittel ein Gemisch aus Fettsäureestern von Fettsäuren mit 14 bis 18 C-Atomen und einwertigen Alkoholen mit 1 bis 8 C-Atomen, Paraffine des Schmelzbereiches 40 bis 60 °C und Fettsäureamidopolyaminen bekannt. Derartige Glättemittel verleihen damit behandelten Textilfasernmaterialien unter anderem auch Wolle, die notwendige Glatte für die Weiterverarbeitung.A mixture of fatty acid esters of fatty acids with 14 to 18 carbon atoms and monohydric alcohols with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, paraffins with a melting range of 40 to 60 ° C. and fatty acid amidopolyamines are known as smoothing agents from German published patent application DE-A-26 21 881. Such smoothing agents thus give treated textile fiber materials, among other things, wool, the smoothness necessary for further processing.

In der britischen Patentschrift GB-C-12 90 688 werden textile Ausrüstungsmittel beschrieben, die Ester von Monocarbonsäuren mit 16 bis 30 C-Atomen und langkettigen monofunktionellen Alkoholen mit 12 bis 30 C-Atomen, enthalten. Damit applizierte, natürliche und vor allem synthetische Fasern haben den Vorteil, schmutzabweisend zu sein.British patent specification GB-C-12 90 688 describes textile finishing agents which contain esters of monocarboxylic acids with 16 to 30 C atoms and long-chain monofunctional alcohols with 12 to 30 C atoms. Applied, natural and above all synthetic fibers have the advantage of being dirt-repellent.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war es, Verbindungen zur Verwendung in Kämmölen bereitzustellen, die Wolle eine gute Glätte verleihen, die Stapeleinkürzung, den Kämmabfall und die elektrostatische Aufladung minimieren. Zudem sollten die Verbindungen, wie für Kämmöle üblich, leicht auswaschbar sein und keine harzigen, verklebenden oder gar wollschädigenden Bestandteile enthalten.The object of the present invention was to provide compounds for use in combing oils which impart a good smoothness to wool, minimize stacking, combing waste and electrostatic charging. In addition, as is common for combing oils, the connections should be easy to wash out and should not contain any resinous, sticky or even wool-damaging components.

Überraschenderweise wurde nun gefunden, daß die Aufgabe gelöst werden kann durch die Verwendung von Verbindungen mit Erstarrungspunkten über 25 °C, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe der Dialkylether, Carbonsäureester von Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren mit monofunktionellen Alkoholen und Estern von zwei-, drei- und/oder vierwertigen Alkoholen mit aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren.Surprisingly, it has now been found that the object can be achieved by using compounds with Freezing points above 25 ° C, selected from the group of dialkyl ethers, carboxylic acid esters of mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with monofunctional alcohols and esters of di-, tri- and / or tetravalent alcohols with aliphatic monocarboxylic acids.

Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Verwendung von einer oder mehreren Verbindungen mit Erstarrungspunkten über 25 °C, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe

  • A) Dialkylether mit 2 gleichen oder verschiedenen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffresten mit je 6 bis 22 C-Atomen,
  • B) Carbonsäureester von aliphatischen Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen monofunktionellen Alkoholen mit 1 bis 22 C-Atomen und
  • C) Ester von zwei-, drei- und/oder vierwertigen aliphatischen Alkoholen mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen
als Glättemittel in Kämmölen für die Kammzugherstellung von Wolle.The present invention relates to the use of one or more compounds with solidification points above 25 ° C., selected from the group
  • A) dialkyl ethers with 2 identical or different aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, each with 6 to 22 C atoms,
  • B) carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monofunctional alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms and
  • C) esters of di-, tri- and / or tetravalent aliphatic alcohols with 2 to 22 C atoms and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 C atoms
as a smoothing agent in combing oils for the production of wool

In der vorliegenden Erfindung steht der Begriff des Erstarrungspunktes für den sogenannten Steigschmelzpunkt gemäß der Definition in Römpps Chemie-Lexikon, 8. Aufl., Bd. 5, Seite 3727 f, Stuttgart (1987). Demnach ist der Erstarrungspunkt diejenige Temperatur, bei der die Probe, die sich in einer beiderseits offenen in ein Wasserbad eingehängten Kapillare, befindet, im Glasröhrchen zu steigen beginnt.In the present invention, the term solidification point stands for the so-called rising melting point as defined in Römpps Chemie-Lexikon, 8th edition, vol. 5, page 3727 f, Stuttgart (1987). Accordingly, the solidification point is the temperature at which the sample, which is located in a capillary suspended on both sides in a water bath, begins to rise in the glass tube.

Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Glättemittel, die ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe der Verbindungen A), B) und C) sollen alle einen Erstarrungspunkt über 25 °C aufweisen. Bevorzugt werden Verbindungen, die einen Erstarrungspunkt von 30 °C bis 100 °C zeigen und insbesondere bis 80 °C. Der physikalische Zustand, definiert über den Erstarrungspunkt, der erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Verbindungen ist erfindungswesentlich, da nur bei Raumtemperatur feste Verbindungen im Sinne der Erfindung zum Einsatz kommen sollen. So konnten eigene Vergleichsversuche zeigen, daß Verbindungen mit vergleichbarer chemischer Struktur signifikant unterschiedliche Reibungswerte, Wollängen und Kämmabfälle zeigen, je nach den Erstarrungspunkten der Verbindungen.The smoothing agents used according to the invention, which are selected from the group of the compounds A), B) and C), should all have a solidification point above 25 ° C. Compounds which have a solidification point of 30 ° C. to 100 ° C. and are preferred especially up to 80 ° C. The physical state, defined by the solidification point, of the compounds used according to the invention is essential to the invention, since only compounds which are solid at room temperature are to be used in the sense of the invention. Our own comparative tests were able to show that compounds with a comparable chemical structure show significantly different friction values, wool lengths and combing waste, depending on the solidification points of the compounds.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Dialkylether sind handelsübliche Produkte und werden in der Regel durch katalytische Dehydratisierung von Alkoholen oder durch Umsetzung von Alkylhalogeniden mit Alkoholaten (Williamson-Synthese) hergestellt, beispielsweise gemäß den Ausführungen in Ullmann's Enzyklopädie der Technischen Chemie, 4. Aufl., Bd. 8 (1974), Seite 146-156, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim. Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Dialkylether können symmetrisch und/oder unsymmetrische Dialkylether mit zwei gleichen oder mit verschiedenen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffresten mit je 6 bis 22 C-Atomen sein. Die über den Ethersarnerstoff miteinander verbundenen beiden aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffreste können gesättigter und/oder ungesättigter Natur, verzweigt und/oder unverzweigt sein. Bevorzugt werden Dialkylether mit zwei gleichen oder verschiedenen aliphatischen, gesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffresten mit je 6 bis 22 C-Atomen und vorzugsweise mit je 8 bis 22 C-Atomen. Aufgrund der biologischen Abbaubarkeit werden zweckmäßigerweise Dialkylether verwendet, die gleiche oder verschiedene aliphatische, gesättigte, unverzweigte Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit je einer geraden Anzahl von C-Atomen tragen. Besonders geeignete Dialkylether sind Ditalgether, Distearylether, Dilaurylether und/oder technische Mischungen wie Dikokosfettalkoholether.The dialkyl ethers according to the invention are commercially available products and are generally prepared by catalytic dehydration of alcohols or by reacting alkyl halides with alcoholates (Williamson synthesis), for example as described in Ullmann's Enzyklopadie der Technische Chemie, 4th ed., Vol. 8 ( 1974), pages 146-156, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim. The dialkyl ethers used according to the invention can be symmetrical and / or asymmetrical dialkyl ethers with two identical or with different aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals each having 6 to 22 carbon atoms. The two aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals which are linked to one another via the ether arsenic substance can be saturated and / or unsaturated in nature, branched and / or unbranched. Dialkyl ethers with two identical or different aliphatic, saturated hydrocarbon radicals each having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and preferably each having 8 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred. Because of the biodegradability, dialkyl ethers are expediently used which carry the same or different aliphatic, saturated, unbranched hydrocarbon radicals, each with an even number of carbon atoms. Particularly suitable dialkyl ethers are ditalgal, distearyl ether, dilauryl ether and / or technical mixtures such as dicoconut fatty alcohol ether.

Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Verbindungen mit Erstarrungspunkten über 25 °C können auch ausgewählt sein aus der Gruppe Carbonsäureester von aliphatischen Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen monofunktionellen Alkohol mit 1 bis 22 C-Atomen. Carbonsäureester sind ebenfalls handelsübliche Produkte und werden durch Veresterung der Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren mit den monofunktionellen Alkoholen in entsprechenden Mengenverhältnissen oder durch Umesterung von Carbonsäureester mit weiteren monofunktionellen Alkoholen in erhalten. Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Monocarbonsäureester können abgeleitet sein von aliphatischen, gesättigten und/oder ungesättigten, verzweigten und/oder unverzweigten Monocarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen. Geeignete Monocarbonsäuren sind Buttersäure, Valeriansäure, Capronsäure, Caprylsäure, Caprinsäure, Laurinsäure, Tridecansäure, Myristinsäure, Pentadecansäure, Palmitinsäure, Heptadecansäure, Stearinsäure, Behensäure, Ölsäure, Ricinusölsäure, Linol- und/oder Linolensäure. Geeignete aliphatische Dicarbonsäuren sind endständig Carboxylgruppen terminierte, gesättigte und/oder ungesättigte Dicarbonsäuren wie Azelainsäure, Oxalsäure, Bernsteinsäure, Maleinsäure und/oder Adipinsäure. Als aliphatische monofunktionelle Alkohole können gesättigte und/oder ungesättigte sowie verzweigte und/oder unverzweigte Alkohole mit 1 bis 22 C-Atomen, wie Methanol, Ethanol, Butanol, Propanol, Capronalkohol, Caprylalkohol, Pelargonalkohol, Caprinalkohol, Laurylalkohol, n- und Isopentadecanol, Palmitylalkohol, Stearylalkohol, Behenyalkohol, Oleylalkohol, Ricinolalkohol und/oder Linolenylalkohol eingesetzt werden. Besonders geeignet sind von diesen die aliphatischen, gesättigten, verzweigten und/oder unverzweigten monofunktionellen Alkohole. Sehr gute Carbonsäureester sind Stearylstearat, Methylstearat, Methylbehenat, Laurylstearat, Decylstearat, Octylbehenat, Butylbehenate, Dimethyloxalat, Dimethylsebacinat und/oder Dioctyladipat.The compounds used according to the invention with solidification points above 25 ° C. can also be selected from the group of carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 C atoms and aliphatic monofunctional alcohol with 1 to 22 C atoms. Carboxylic acid esters are also commercially available products and are obtained by esterifying the mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with the monofunctional alcohols in appropriate proportions or by transesterifying carboxylic acid esters with other monofunctional alcohols. The monocarboxylic acid esters used according to the invention can be derived from aliphatic, saturated and / or unsaturated, branched and / or unbranched monocarboxylic acids having 2 to 22 carbon atoms. Suitable monocarboxylic acids are butyric acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, tridecanoic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanoic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, oleic acid, castor oleic acid, linoleic and / or linolenic acid. Suitable aliphatic dicarboxylic acids are carboxyl-terminated, saturated and / or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids such as azelaic acid, oxalic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid and / or adipic acid. Saturated and / or unsaturated and branched and / or unbranched alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, butanol, propanol, capron alcohol, caprylic alcohol, pelargon alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, n- and isopentadecanol, palmityl alcohol, can be used as aliphatic monofunctional alcohols , Stearyl alcohol, beheny alcohol, oleyl alcohol, ricinol alcohol and / or linolenyl alcohol. Of these, the aliphatic, saturated, branched and / or unbranched monofunctional alcohols are particularly suitable. Very good carboxylic acid esters are stearyl stearate, methyl stearate, methyl behenate, lauryl stearate, decyl stearate, octyl behenate, Butyl behenate, dimethyl oxalate, dimethyl sebacinate and / or dioctyl adipate.

Schließlich können die erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen noch ausgewählt sein aus der Gruppe der Ester von zwei-, drei- und/oder vierwertigen aliphatischen Alkoholen mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen. Bevorzugt werden Ester von gesättigten aliphatischen zwei-, drei- und/oder vierwertigen Alkoholen, wie von Ethylenglykol, Diethylenglykol, Neopentylglykol, Butandiole, Hexandiole, 1,2,4-Butantriol, Trimethylolpropan, Trimethylolethan, Pentaerythrit und/oder Glycerin. Geeignete aliphatische Monocarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen sind bereits bei der Diskussion der Carbonsäureester von aliphatischen monofunktionellen Alkoholen besprochen worden. Die Ester des Glycerins, die Triglyceride, können natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Ursprungs sein. Bevorzugt werden Triglyceride natürlichen Ursprungs, wie Kokosfett, Palmkernfett, Lorbeerfett, Kakaobutter und Rindertalg sowie die hydrierten pflanzlichen Öle, wie hydriertes Sojaöl, hydriertes Ricinusöl und hydriertes Rüböl. Selbstverständlich können die natürlich vorkommenden Triglyceride durch Umesterung mit einer der vorgenannten aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen modifiziert werden. Die Herstellung der ebenfalls geeigneten Ester von den weiteren zwei-, drei- und/oder vierwertigen aliphatischen Alkoholen mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen erfolgt in der Regel durch direkte Veresterung der aliphatischen Monocarbonsäure mit dem Alkohol. Ganz besonders geeignete Verbindungen der Gruppe C) sind Glycerintristearat, Trimethylolpropantristearat, Glycerinmonolauryldistearat.Finally, the compounds according to the invention can also be selected from the group of esters of di-, tri- and / or tetravalent aliphatic alcohols with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms. Esters of saturated aliphatic di-, tri- and / or tetravalent alcohols, such as of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, butanediols, hexanediols, 1,2,4-butanetriol, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolethane, pentaerythritol and / or glycerol, are preferred. Suitable aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms have already been discussed in the discussion of the carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic monofunctional alcohols. The esters of glycerol, the triglycerides, can be of natural and / or synthetic origin. Triglycerides of natural origin, such as coconut fat, palm kernel fat, laurel fat, cocoa butter and beef tallow, and the hydrogenated vegetable oils, such as hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated castor oil and hydrogenated rapeseed oil, are preferred. Of course, the naturally occurring triglycerides can be modified by transesterification with one of the aforementioned aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 2 to 22 carbon atoms. The likewise suitable esters of the other di-, tri- and / or tetravalent aliphatic alcohols having 2 to 22 carbon atoms are generally prepared by direct esterification of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with the alcohol. Very particularly suitable compounds of group C) are glycerol tristearate, trimethylolpropane tristearate, glycerol monolauryl distearate.

Erfindungsgemäß können eine oder mehrere Verbindungen ausgewählt aus den beschriebenen Gruppen verwendet werden. Die Mischungsverhältnisse der Verbindungen ausgewählt aus der Gruppe A), B) und C) sind in weiten Grenzen variierbar, und werden lediglich limitiert durch die Mischbarkeit- bzw. Homogenisierbarkeit der Verbindungen miteinander.According to the invention, one or more compounds selected from the groups described can be used. The Mixing ratios of the compounds selected from groups A), B) and C) can be varied within wide limits and are only limited by the miscibility or homogenizability of the compounds with one another.

Besonders gute Glätteeigenschaften zeigen eine oder mehrere Verbindungen mit den genannten Erstarrungspunkten, die ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe der

  • B) Carbonsäureester von aliphatischen Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen, monofunktionellen Alkoholen mit 1 bis 22 C-Atomen und
  • C) Ester von zwei-, drei- und/oder vierwertigen aliphatischen Alkoholen mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen.
One or more compounds with the stated solidification points, which are selected from the group of, exhibit particularly good smoothness properties
  • B) carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic, monofunctional alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms and
  • C) esters of di-, tri- and / or tetravalent aliphatic alcohols with 2 to 22 C atoms and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 C atoms.

Von diesen Verbindungen werden wiederum bevorzugt Carbonsäureester von aliphatischen, gesättigten Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen, gesättigten monofunktionellen Alkoholen mit 1 bis 22 C-Atomen und Ester von gesättigten zwei-, drei- und/oder vierwertigen aliphatischen Alkoholen mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen, gesättigten Monocarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen verwendet. Von den Estern der gesättigten drei- und/oder vierwertigen Alkohole werden ganz besonders die Ester von Glycerin, Trimethylolpropan und/oder Pentaerythrit bevorzugt.Of these compounds, carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic, saturated mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic, saturated monofunctional alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms and esters of saturated di-, tri- and / or tetravalent are preferred aliphatic alcohols with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic, saturated monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms are used. Of the esters of the saturated trihydric and / or tetravalent alcohols, the esters of glycerol, trimethylolpropane and / or pentaerythritol are particularly preferred.

Die erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen werden als Glättemittel in Kämmölen in Mengen von 50 bis 95 Gew.-% in Abmischung mit Emulgatoren sowie üblichen Hilfsmitteln verwendet. Bevorzugt werden die erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen in Mengen von 50 bis 90 Gew.-% abgemischt mit Emulgatoren in Mengen von 5 bis 50 Gew.-% verwendet, wobei sich die Mengen zu 100 Gew.-% addieren müssen. Die abgemischten Emulgatoren können nichtionischen, kationischen, anionischen und/oder amphoteren Charakter in Wasser zeigen. Geeignete nichtionische Emulgatoren sind alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte und/oder propoxylierte Fette, Öle, Fettalkohole mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen, Fettamine mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen im Fettrest und/oder C₈-C₁₈-Alkylphenole. Als Beispiele seien genannt Ricinusöl mit 25 Mol Ethylenoxid (EO), Talgalkohol mit 5 Mol EO, Talgalkohol mit 20 Mol EO Talgalkohol mit 9 Mol Propylenoxid (PO) und 5,5 Mol EO, (12/14 Laurolalkohol mit 5 PO und 4 EO), C₁₂-C₁₈-Kokosalkohol mit 10 Mol EO, Nonylphenol mit 10 Mol EO und/oder Fettamine, wie Kokosamin, Talgamin, Oleylamin mit 2 bis 20 Mol EO. Als kationische Emulgatoren kommen alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte und/oder propoxylierte Alkylamine mit 10 bis 22 C-Atomen im Alkylrest in Form ihrer Ammoniumsalze in Frage, beispielsweise Stearylamin mit 10 Mol EO. Geeignete anionische Emulgatoren sind beispielsweise Alkali-und/oder Ammoniumsalze von C₆-C₂₄-Fettsäuren, C₈-C₂₂-Alkyl-und/oder C₈-C₂₂-Alkylethersulfate, C₈-C₂₂-Alkyl- und/oder C₈-C₂₂-Alkylbenzolsulfonate, C₈-C₂₂-Alkyl- und/oder C₈-C₂₂-Alkylbenzolsulfosuccinate und/oder C₈-C₂₂-Alkyl- und/oder C₈-C₂₂-Alkyletherphosphate. Beispiele für amphotere Emulgatoren sind C₈-C₂₂-Alkyldimethylbetaine, N-C₈-C₂₂-Alkylamidobetaine und/oder von Aminosäuren abzuleitende Amphotenside.The compounds according to the invention are used as smoothing agents in combing oils in amounts of 50 to 95% by weight in admixture with emulsifiers and conventional auxiliaries. The compounds according to the invention are preferably used in amounts of 50 to 90% by weight mixed with emulsifiers in amounts of 5 to 50% by weight, the amounts adding up to 100% by weight. The mixed emulsifiers can show nonionic, cationic, anionic and / or amphoteric character in water. Suitable nonionic emulsifiers are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated and / or propoxylated fats, oils, fatty alcohols with 8 to 24 carbon atoms, fatty amines with 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the fat residue and / or C₈-C₁₈ alkylphenols. Examples include castor oil with 25 moles of ethylene oxide (EO), tallow alcohol with 5 moles of EO, tallow alcohol with 20 moles of EO tallow alcohol with 9 moles of propylene oxide (PO) and 5.5 moles of EO, (12/14 lauric alcohol with 5 PO and 4 EO ), C₁₂-C₁₈ coconut alcohol with 10 moles of EO, nonylphenol with 10 moles of EO and / or fatty amines such as coconut amine, tallow amine, oleylamine with 2 to 20 moles of EO. Suitable cationic emulsifiers are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated and / or propoxylated alkylamines with 10 to 22 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical in the form of their ammonium salts, for example stearylamine with 10 mol EO. Suitable anionic emulsifiers are, for example, alkali and / or ammonium salts of C₆-C₂₄ fatty acids, C₈-C₂₂-alkyl and / or C₈-C₂₂-alkyl ether sulfates, C₈-C₂₂-alkyl and / or C₈-C₂₂-alkylbenzenesulfonates, C₈- C₂₂-alkyl and / or C₈-C₂₂-alkylbenzenesulfosuccinates and / or C₈-C₂₂-alkyl and / or C₈-C₂₂-alkyl ether phosphates. Examples of amphoteric emulsifiers are C₈-C₂₂-alkyldimethylbetaines, N-C₈-C₂₂-alkylamidobetaines and / or amphoteric surfactants to be derived from amino acids.

Zur Herstellung der Kämmöle werden die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Verbindungen zusammen mit einem oder mehreren sich nicht störenden Emulgatoren bei 40 bis 100 °C aufgeschmolzen und verrührt.To prepare the combing oils, the compounds used according to the invention are melted together with one or more non-interfering emulsifiers at 40 to 100 ° C. and stirred.

Häufig werden von Kämmölen neben den Gleiteigenschaften noch weitere Eigenschaften verlangt, wie geringes Schäumen, Weichmachung, und keine oder höchstens nur geringe Vergilbungen auf der Wollflocke. Um diesen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, können, abgemischt mit den erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Verbindungen und Emulgatoren, gegebenenfalls übliche Hilfsmittel in Mengen von 0 bis 20 Gew.-% - bezogen auf 100 Gew.-% Kämmöl - beigemengt werden. Als übliche Hilfsstoffe seien beispielsweise Antioxidantien, Entschäumer, Stabilisatoren, Antistatika, Konservierungsmittel, pH-Wert-Regulantien und/oder Duftstoffe genannt. Derartige übliche Hilfsstoffe sind aus dem Stand der Technik bekannt. Eine beispielhafte Aufzählung geeigneter üblicher Hilfsstoffe ist der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE-A-37 06 362 zu entnehmen.In addition to the sliding properties, combing oils are often required to have other properties, such as low foaming, softening, and no or at most only slight yellowing on the wool flake. To meet these requirements, mixed with the compounds and emulsifiers used according to the invention, optionally conventional auxiliaries in amounts of 0 to 20% by weight, based on 100% by weight of combing oil, are added. Examples of customary auxiliaries are antioxidants, defoamers, stabilizers, antistatic agents, preservatives, pH regulators and / or fragrances. Such conventional auxiliaries are known from the prior art. An exemplary list of suitable customary auxiliaries can be found in German Offenlegungsschrift DE-A-37 06 362.

Die Kämmöle, in denen die erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen verwendet werden, können pur oder in Form von Dispersionen auf die Wolle aufgetragen werden. Für den Auftrag der puren Kämmöle werden die erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen abgemischt mit Emulgatoren sowie ggf. üblichen Hilfsstoffen aufgeschmolzen und mit Hilfe üblicher Apparaturen wie Dosierpumpensysteme oder Aufsprühsysteme auf die Wolle aufgebracht. Des weiteren können die Kämmöle als wäßrige oder organische Dispersionen aufgetragen werden. Bei organischen Dispersionen sind geeignete organische Lösungsmittel, beispielsweise aliphatische und/oder aromatische Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie Benzin, Cyclohexan, Toluol, Xylol oder halogenierte, vorzugsweise chlorierte Kohlenwasserstoffe wie Methylenchlorid oder Perchlorethylen. Aus Umwelt- und Sicherheitsgesichtspunkten heraus sind wäßrige Dispersionen von Kämmölen jedoch vorzuziehen. Zur Herstellung der wäßrigen Dispersionen der Kämmöle werden die Kämmöle bei 40 bis 100 °C geschmolzen, bevor das Wasser, gegebenenfalls unter Druck, zugegeben wird. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die geschmolzenen Kämmöle zu 50 bis 100 °C heißem Wasser zu geben. Es entstehen feinteilige, wäßrige Dispersionen mit Feststoffgehalten von 5 bis 40 Gew.-%, die meist auf einen pH-Wert von 7 bis 10 mittels pH-Wert-Regulantien eingestellt werden. Die wäßrigen Dispersionen können ebenfalls mit Hilfe üblicher Apparaturen, vorzugsweise durch Aufsprühen appliziert werden oder durch Zwangsapplikation in einem Bad, vorzugsweise im letzten Waschbad bei der Rohwollwäsche.The combing oils in which the compounds according to the invention are used can be applied to the wool neat or in the form of dispersions. For the application of the pure combing oils, the compounds according to the invention are mixed with emulsifiers and, if appropriate, customary auxiliaries, melted and applied to the wool with the aid of customary equipment, such as metering pump systems or spraying systems. Furthermore, the combing oils can be applied as aqueous or organic dispersions. In the case of organic dispersions, suitable organic solvents, for example aliphatic and / or aromatic hydrocarbons, such as gasoline, cyclohexane, toluene, xylene or halogenated, preferably chlorinated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride or perchlorethylene. From an environmental and safety point of view, however, aqueous dispersions of combing oils are preferable. To prepare the aqueous dispersions of the combing oils, the combing oils are melted at 40 to 100 ° C. before the water, optionally under pressure, is added. However, it is also possible to add the molten combing oils to hot water at 50 to 100 ° C. Finely divided, aqueous dispersions with solids contents of 5 to 40% by weight are formed, which are usually adjusted to a pH of 7 to 10 by means of pH regulators. The aqueous dispersions can also be applied using conventional equipment, preferably by spraying or by forced application in a bath, preferably in the last wash bath for raw wool washing.

Die erfindungsgemäß verwendeten Verbindungen abgemischt mit Emulgatoren und ggf. üblichen Hilfsstoffen werden auf die Wollflocken vor dem Krempelprozeß aufgetragen. In der Regel werden die Kämmöle in Mengen von 0,2 bis 1,5 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise bis 0,6 Gew.-% - bezogen auf Gesamtaktivsubstanzgehalt - auf die Wolle bzw. deren Mischungen aufgelegt.The compounds used according to the invention mixed with emulsifiers and, if appropriate, customary auxiliaries are applied to the wool flakes before the carding process. As a rule, the combing oils are applied to the wool or mixtures thereof in amounts of 0.2 to 1.5% by weight, preferably up to 0.6% by weight, based on the total active substance content.

Durch Verwendung der erfindungsgemäßen Verbindungen mit Erstarrungstemperaturen über 25 °C, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe A), B) und C), und vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe B) und C) in Kämmölen ist es möglich, damit beaufschlagte Wolle vor starken mechanischen Beanspruchungen beispielsweise des Krempelprozesses zu schützen. Es werden deutlich reduzierte elektrostatische Aufladungen beobachtet sowie reduzierte Faserlängeneinkürzungen und anfallende Kämmstaube, verglichen mit Gleitmittelverbindungen, die bei 25 °C flüssig sind.By using the compounds according to the invention with solidification temperatures above 25 ° C, selected from group A), B) and C), and preferably from group B) and C) in combing oils, it is possible to protect wool from strong mechanical stresses, for example, of the Protect carding process. Significantly reduced electrostatic charges are observed, as well as reduced fiber lengths and combing dust, compared to lubricant compounds that are liquid at 25 ° C.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zum Glätten von Wolle bei der Kammzugherstellung unter Einsatz von Glättemittel enthaltenden Kämmölen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Glättemittel eine oder mehrere Verbindungen mit Erstarrungspunkten über 25 °C, ausgewählt aus der Gruppe

  • A) Dialkylether mit 2 gleichen oder verschiedenen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffresten mit je 6 bis 22 C-Atomen,
  • B) Carbonsäureester von aliphatischen Mono- und/oder Dicarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen monofunktionellen Alkoholen mit 1 bis 22 C-Atomen und
  • C) Ester von zwei-, drei- und/oder vierwertigen aliphatischen Alkoholen mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen und aliphatischen Monocarbonsäuren mit 2 bis 22 C-Atomen
eingesetzt werden.Another object of the present invention is a method for smoothing wool in the production of a sliver using combing oils containing smoothing agents, characterized in that one or more compounds with solidification points above 25 ° C., selected from the group, are used as smoothing agents
  • A) dialkyl ethers with 2 identical or different aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals, each with 6 to 22 C atoms,
  • B) carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic mono- and / or dicarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monofunctional alcohols with 1 to 22 carbon atoms and
  • C) esters of di-, tri- and / or tetravalent aliphatic alcohols with 2 to 22 C atoms and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids with 2 to 22 C atoms
be used.

Einzelheiten zu den genannten Verbindungen als auch zu ihrer Applikation, ist dem Vorstehenden zu entnehmen.Details of the compounds mentioned and their application can be found in the above.

BeispieleExamples Herstellung der KämmöleProduction of combing oils Beispiel 1example 1

78,0 g Stearinsäuremethylester, 8,0 g eines mit 5 Mol Ethylenoxid (EO) ethoxylierten Alkoholgemisches aus 0 bis 2 Gew.-% C₁₂, 27 bis 35 Gew.-% C₁₆, 1 bis 7 Gew.-% C₁₄, 55 bis 75 Gew.-% C₁₈, 0 bis 2 Gew.-% C₂₀, 4,5 g eines mit 6 Mol EO ethoxylierten C₁₂ (70 Gew.-%) und C₁₄ (30 Gew.-%) Fettalkoholgemisches, 5,5 g Alkylbenzolsulfonsäure (Reinheitsgrad 97 %) sowie 4,0 g Diethanolamin wurden bei 60 °C bis 70 °C unter Rühren miteinander vermischt. Man erhielt ein bei Raumtemperatur festes, weißliches Produkt.78.0 g of methyl stearate, 8.0 g of an alcohol mixture ethoxylated with 5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) from 0 to 2% by weight of C₁₂, 27 to 35% by weight of C₁₆, 1 to 7% by weight of C₁₄, 55 to 75% by weight of C₁₈, 0 to 2% by weight of C₂₀, 4.5 g of a C₁₂ (70% by weight) ethoxylated with 6 mol of EO and C₁₄ (30% by weight) of a fatty alcohol mixture, 5.5 g of alkylbenzenesulfonic acid (Degree of purity 97%) and 4.0 g of diethanolamine were mixed with one another at 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. with stirring. A whitish product which was solid at room temperature was obtained.

Beispiel 2Example 2

Analog Beispiel 1 wurden 40,0 g n-Octylbehenat, 20 g gehärteter Rindertalg (Gew.-%: 0,5 C₁₂, 3 - 6 C₁₄, 28 - 42 C₁₆, 41 - 82 C₁₈, 0,5 C₂₀, 0,5 C₂₂), 10,0 g K-Salz des Phosphorsäureesters von Stearylcetylalkohol mit 10,5 Mol EO, 9,0 g gehärtetes Rizinusöl mit 25 Mol EO, 9 g Talgalkohol mit 9 Mol Propylenoxid (PO) und 5,5 Mol EO sowie 12 g eines Oleyl-/Cetylalkohols (Gew.-%: 0 - 3 C₁₄, 8 - 30 C₁₆, 60 - 83 C₁₈) mit 10 Mol EO miteinander vermischt. Man erhielt ein festes Produkt mit einem Erweichungspunkt von 40 °C.Analogously to Example 1, 40.0 g of n-octyl behenate, 20 g of hardened beef tallow (% by weight: 0.5 C₁₂, 3 - 6 C₁₄, 28 - 42 C₁₆, 41 - 82 C₁₈, 0.5 C₂₀, 0.5 C₂₂), 10.0 g K salt of the phosphoric acid ester of stearyl cetyl alcohol with 10.5 mol EO, 9.0 g hardened castor oil with 25 mol EO, 9 g tallow alcohol with 9 mol propylene oxide (PO) and 5.5 mol EO and 12 g of an oleyl / cetyl alcohol (wt .-%: 0 - 3 C₁₄, 8 - 30 C₁₆, 60 - 83 C₁₈) mixed with 10 moles of EO. A solid product with a softening point of 40 ° C. was obtained.

Beispiel 3Example 3

Analog Beispiel 1 wurden 76,5 g Ethylenglykoldilaurat, 8,0 g eines mit 5 Mol ethoxylierten C12/18 Alkoholgemisches (Gew.-%: 0 - 2 C₁₂, 1 - 7 C₁₄, 27 - 35 C₁₆, 55 - 75 C₁₈, 0 - 2 C₂₀) 4,5 g C₁₂/C₁₄ Alkohol (Gew.-%: 70 C₁₂, 30 C₁₄) mit 6 Mol EO, 7,0 g Alkylbenzolsulfonsäure sowie 4,0 g Diethanolamin vermischt. Man erhielt ein festes Produkt mit einem Erweichungsgrad von 53 bis 55 °C.Analogously to Example 1, 76.5 g of ethylene glycol dilaurate , 8.0 g of a C 12/18 alcohol mixture ethoxylated with 5 mol (% by weight: 0-2 C₁₂, 1-7 C₁₄, 27-35 C₁₆, 55-75 C₁₈, 0 - 2 C₂₀) 4.5 g C₁₂ / C₁₄ alcohol (wt .-%: 70 C₁₂, 30 C₁₄) with 6 mol EO, 7.0 g alkylbenzenesulfonic acid and 4.0 g of diethanolamine are mixed. A solid product with a degree of softening of 53 to 55 ° C. was obtained.

Vergleichsbeispiel 1Comparative Example 1

Käufliches Kämmöl SelbanaR 4554, Fa. Henkel KGaA, enthaltend 60 bis 80 Gew.-% eines bei 25 °C flüssigen Fettsäuremethylesters.Commercial combing oil Selbana R 4554, from Henkel KGaA, containing 60 to 80% by weight of a fatty acid methyl ester which is liquid at 25 ° C.

Vergleichsbeispiel 2Comparative Example 2

Es wurde ein Kämmöl hergestellt analog Beispiel 3 nur mit dem Unterschied, daß anstelle von Ethylenglykoldilaurat der bei Raumtemperatur flüssige Ester von Ethylenglykol mit Talgfettsäure (Gew.-%: ca. 3 C₁₄, 27 - 31 C₁₆, 58 - 68 C₁₈, ca. 1 C₂₀) eingesetzt wurde.A combing oil was prepared analogously to Example 3, with the difference that instead of ethylene glycol dilaurate, the ester of ethylene glycol with tallow fatty acid which is liquid at room temperature (% by weight: approx. 3 C₁₄, 27 - 31 C₁₆, 58 - 68 C₁₈, approx. 1 C₂₀) was used.

Anwendungsbeispiel 1Application example 1

Gewaschene und getrocknete Wolle wurde als Flocke (Australische Schweißwolle mit einem mittleren Durchmesser von 21 9 »m und einer durchschnittlichen Länge von 64 mm gemäß Rohwollzertifikat, d. h. nach Schätzung) bei ca. 25 °C und 55 % relativer Feuchte mit wäßrigen Dispersionen der Kämmöle gemäß Beispiel 1 bis 3 und Vergleichsbeispiel 1 und 2 besprüht. Der Auftrag an Kämmöl betrug 0,4 Gew.-% und an Wasser 0,6 Gew.-% - bezogen auf Wollgewicht. Die mittlere Faserlänge H (in mm) wurde nach dem Krempeln aber vor der Verkämmung mit einem Peyer Almeter al 100 bestimmt. Der Kämmling (in %) und der Kammzug (in % bezogen auf gewaschene und getrocknete Flocke) wurde durch Kontrollwägungen bestimmt. In Tabelle 1 sind die Versuchsergebnisse zusammengefaßt. Tabelle 1 Kämmöl gemäß H (in mm) vor Verkämmung Kämmling (in %) Kammzug (in %) Beispiel 1 65,4 4,48 90,62 Beispiel 2 66,0 4,97 90,32 Vergleichsbeispiel 1 61,8 5,04 89,98 Beispiel 3 61,2 4,57 90,69 Vergleichsbeispiel 2 58,5 5,38 88,69 Washed and dried wool was flaked (Australian sweat wool with an average diameter of 21 9 »m and an average length of 64 mm according to raw wool certificate, ie according to estimate) at approx. 25 ° C and 55% relative humidity with aqueous dispersions of the combing oils Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 sprayed. The amount of combing oil was 0.4% by weight and that of water was 0.6% by weight, based on the weight of the wool. The average fiber length H (in mm) was determined after carding but before combing with a Peyer Almeter al 100. The combed (in%) and the combed (in% based on washed and dried flake) were determined by check weighing. The test results are summarized in Table 1. Table 1 Comb oil according to H (in mm) before combing Kämmling (in%) Sliver (in%) example 1 65.4 4.48 90.62 Example 2 66.0 4.97 90.32 Comparative Example 1 61.8 5.04 89.98 Example 3 61.2 4.57 90.69 Comparative Example 2 58.5 5.38 88.69

Aus Tabelle 1 ist zu erkennen, daß die Ester von Monocarbonsäuren mit Alkanolen (Beispiel 1, 2 und Vergleichsbeispiel 1) insgesamt etwas besser sind als die Ester von Diolen mit Monocarbonsäuren (Beispiel 3 und Vergleichsbeispiel 2). Innerhalb der nach der chemischen Struktur vergleichbaren Ester ist aber ganz klar, daß die erfindungsgemäßen Kämmöle mit festen Estern in allen untersuchten Punkten den flüssigen überlegen sind. So ist die Länge H nach dem Krempeln höher, d. h. die erfindungsgemäßen Kämmöle schützen die Wolle besser vor Einkürzungen (siehe Beispiel 1 im Vergleich zu Vergleichsbeispiel 1 oder Beispiel 3 zu Vergleichsbeispiel 2). Dementsprechend fällt bei den erfindungemäßen Kämmölen auch weniger Kämmling an, d. h. weniger Abfall, und mehr Kammzug.It can be seen from Table 1 that the esters of monocarboxylic acids with alkanols (Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1) are overall somewhat better than the esters of diols with monocarboxylic acids (Example 3 and Comparative Example 2). However, within the esters comparable in chemical structure it is very clear that the combing oils according to the invention with solid esters are superior to the liquid ones in all the points examined. Thus, the length H after the carding is greater, ie the combing oils according to the invention protect the wool better from shortening (see Example 1 in comparison to Comparative Example 1 or Example 3 in Comparative Example 2). Accordingly falls with the inventive Combing also less comb, ie less waste, and more combing.

Anwendungsbeispiel 2Example of use 2

Gewaschene und getrocknete Wolle als Flocke (22,0 bis 22,5 » und ca. 12 bis 14 % Feuchtigkeitsgehalt) wurden bei ca. 25 °C und 55 % relativer Feuchte, mit Beispiel 1 und Vergleichsbeispiel 1 besprüht. Der Auftrag an Kämmöl betrug 0,3 Gew.-% und an Wasser 0,7 Gew.-% - bezogen auf das Wollgewicht - auf der Wollflocke. Die elektrostatische Aufladung wurde am Krempelausgang mit einem Eltex-Gerät nach der Induktionsstrommethode (Meßabstand 100 mm) gemessen. Aus Tabelle 2 ist zu erkennen, daß Wollflocken, behandelt mit erfindungsgemäßen Kämmölen, geringere elektrostatische Aufladung aufweisen als gemäß Vergleichsbeispiel 1. Tabelle 2 Kämmöl gemäß elektrische Aufladung (KV m⁻¹) Beispiel 1 - 20 Vergleichsbeispiel 1 - 50 Washed and dried wool as a flake (22.0 to 22.5 »and approx. 12 to 14% moisture content) was sprayed with Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 at approx. 25 ° C. and 55% relative humidity. The amount of combing oil was 0.3% by weight and water 0.7% by weight, based on the wool weight, on the wool flake. The electrostatic charge was measured at the card exit with an Eltex device using the induction current method (measuring distance 100 mm). It can be seen from Table 2 that wool flakes treated with combing oils according to the invention have a lower electrostatic charge than according to Comparative Example 1. Table 2 Comb oil according to electrical charging (KV m⁻¹) example 1 - 20th Comparative Example 1 - 50

Claims (9)

  1. The use of one or more compounds having solidification points above 25°C selected from the group consisting of
    A) dialkyl ethers containing 2 identical or different aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals each containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms,
    B) carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monohydric alcohols containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms and
    C) esters of dihydric, trihydric and/or tetrahydric aliphatic alcohols containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms
    as smoothing agents in combing oils for the production of combed slivers of wool.
  2. The use claimed in claim 1, characterized in that compounds selected from groups A), B) and C) with solidification points of 30 to 100°C and preferably up to 80°C are used.
  3. The use claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of
    A) dialkyl ethers containing 2 identical or different aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon radicals each containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms preferably each containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms,
    B) carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic saturated monohydric alcohols containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms and
    C) esters of dihydric, trihydric and/or tetrahydric aliphatic alcohols containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms
    are used.
  4. The use claimed in claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of
    B) carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic saturated monocarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic, saturated monohydric alcohols containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms and
    C) esters of saturated dihydric, trihydric and/or tetrahydric aliphatic alcohols containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic saturated monocarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms
    are used.
  5. The use claimed in claims 1 to 4, characterized in that one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of
    B) carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic saturated monocarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic, saturated monohydric alcohols containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms and
    C) esters of ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, butanediols, glycerol, trimethylol propane and/or pentaerythritol and aliphatic saturated monocarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms
    are used.
  6. The use claimed in any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that one or more compounds selected from groups A), B) and C) are used in combing oils in quantities of 50 to 95% by weight in admixture with emulsifiers and optionally typical auxiliaries.
  7. The use claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that one or more compounds selected from groups A), B) and C) are used in combing oils in quantities of 50 to 95% by weight in admixture with emulsifiers in quantities of 5 to 50% by weight and optionally typical auxiliaries in quantities of 0 to 20% by weight.
  8. The use claimed in any of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one or more compounds selected from groups A), B) and C) are used in combing oils for the production of combed slivers of wool, the combing oils being applied to the wool flocks before carding in pure form or in the form of dispersions.
  9. A process for smoothing wool in the production of combed slivers using combing oils containing smoothing agents, characterized in that one or more compounds with solidification points above 25°C selected from the group consisting of
    A) dialkyl ethers containing 2 identical or different aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals each containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms,
    B) carboxylic acid esters of aliphatic monocarboxylic and/or dicarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monohydric alcohols containing 1 to 22 carbon atoms and
    C) esters of dihydric, trihydric and/or tetrahydric aliphatic alcohols containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms and aliphatic monocarboxylic acids containing 2 to 22 carbon atoms
    are used as the smoothing agents.
EP92909176A 1991-05-02 1992-04-23 Use of special compounds as smoothing agents in combing oils Expired - Lifetime EP0582609B1 (en)

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DE4114240 1991-05-02
DE4114240A DE4114240A1 (en) 1991-05-02 1991-05-02 USE OF SPECIAL COMPOUNDS AS A SMOOTHING AGENT IN CHEMOELS
PCT/EP1992/000903 WO1992019805A1 (en) 1991-05-02 1992-04-23 Use of special compounds as smoothing agents in combing oils

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005056230A1 (en) * 2005-11-25 2007-05-31 Henkel Kgaa Procedure to improve the mechanical characteristics of textile fiber or textile fabric surface comprises contacting the textile fiber or textile fabric surface with a bifunctional monomer compound

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4201978A1 (en) * 1991-05-29 1992-12-03 Henkel Kgaa FATTY ACID METHYL ESTERS IN LUBRICANTS FOR MATING YARN SPINNING
DE19847497A1 (en) * 1998-10-15 2000-04-20 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Use of methyl esters of fatty acids from plant raw materials as smoothing agent in softener for producing slubbing by carding wool
DE10204808A1 (en) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-14 Cognis Deutschland Gmbh Use of ethoxylated fatty acids as a smoothing agent for synthetic and natural fibers

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1598402A (en) * 1922-02-27 1926-08-31 Amid Duron Company Greasing textile fibers
US2212369A (en) * 1938-01-14 1940-08-20 American Cyanamid & Chem Corp Synthetic oil for treating textiles
US2238882A (en) * 1938-02-02 1941-04-22 Alfred C Goodings Textile oil
GB1098582A (en) * 1964-05-07 1968-01-10 Prec Processes Textiles Ltd Production of shrink-resistant wool
BE670239A (en) * 1964-05-07
GB1290688A (en) * 1968-10-04 1972-09-27
DE2621881C2 (en) * 1976-05-17 1985-10-31 Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf Smoothing agent for textile fiber material
DE3706362A1 (en) * 1987-02-27 1988-09-08 Henkel Kgaa SMOOTHING AGENT FOR TEXTILE FIBER MATERIALS

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005056230A1 (en) * 2005-11-25 2007-05-31 Henkel Kgaa Procedure to improve the mechanical characteristics of textile fiber or textile fabric surface comprises contacting the textile fiber or textile fabric surface with a bifunctional monomer compound

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CA2102310A1 (en) 1992-11-03
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AU1650592A (en) 1992-12-21
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DE59202361D1 (en) 1995-06-29
US5464660A (en) 1995-11-07
DE4114240A1 (en) 1992-11-05

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