EP0582478B1 - Heavy duty laundry detergent compositions of reduced dye transfer properties - Google Patents
Heavy duty laundry detergent compositions of reduced dye transfer properties Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0582478B1 EP0582478B1 EP93306205A EP93306205A EP0582478B1 EP 0582478 B1 EP0582478 B1 EP 0582478B1 EP 93306205 A EP93306205 A EP 93306205A EP 93306205 A EP93306205 A EP 93306205A EP 0582478 B1 EP0582478 B1 EP 0582478B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- range
- sodium
- detergent
- detergent composition
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title abstract description 46
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 25
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 24
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 20
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 20
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000281 calcium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical compound OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 abstract description 66
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 40
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 36
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 24
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 12
- -1 pentaerythritol compound Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 102000035195 Peptidases Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 108010020132 microbial serine proteinases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidone Chemical compound C=CN1CCCC1=O WHNWPMSKXPGLAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241001507939 Cormus domestica Species 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003625 amylolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000020095 red wine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002000 scavenging effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 108010075550 termamyl Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- FSEJJKIPRNUIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-octadecanoyloxypropyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FSEJJKIPRNUIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;trihydroxy(trihydroxysilyloxy)silane;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al].[Al].O[Si](O)(O)O[Si](O)(O)O HPTYUNKZVDYXLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000279 potassium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940024999 proteolytic enzymes for treatment of wounds and ulcers Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001047 purple dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001044 red dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940071207 sesquicarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940001593 sodium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium nitrilotriacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O DZCAZXAJPZCSCU-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000012418 sodium perborate tetrahydrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;3-oxidodioxaborirane;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[O-]B1OO1 IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N stilbene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PJANXHGTPQOBST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021286 stilbenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiamine pyrophosphate Chemical compound CC1=C(CCOP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=O)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N AYEKOFBPNLCAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- KRTNITDCKAVIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRTNITDCKAVIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/37—Polymers
- C11D3/3746—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C11D3/3769—(Co)polymerised monomers containing nitrogen, e.g. carbonamides, nitriles or amines
- C11D3/3776—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. lactam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/0082—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads
- C11D11/0088—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents one or more of the detergent ingredients being in a liquefied state, e.g. slurry, paste or melt, and the process resulting in solid detergent particles such as granules, powders or beads the liquefied ingredients being sprayed or adsorbed onto solid particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0021—Dye-stain or dye-transfer inhibiting compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
- C11D3/126—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in solid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/128—Aluminium silicates, e.g. zeolites
Definitions
- This application relates to heavy duty laundry detergent compositions. More particularly, it relates to such compositions, and to wash waters in which they or their components arc present, that contain a nonionic detergent as the principal detersive component, a builder for the nonionic detergent and a scavenging clay, such as bentonite, which sorbs any dye released into the wash water from coloured laundry and, due to the presence of the nonionic detergent in such wash water, prevents such sorbed dye from colouring any white or lighter coloured laundry items that may be present in the wash water. Also within the invention are processes for manufacturing the described compositions and for using them and components thereof to wash mixed coloured and light or uncoloured laundry, without dye transfer between laundry items.
- a nonionic detergent as the principal detersive component
- a builder for the nonionic detergent and a scavenging clay, such as bentonite, which sorbs any dye released into the wash water from coloured laundry and, due to the presence of the nonionic detergent in such wash water, prevent
- FR-A-2500475 is directed towards granular detergent compositions comprising nonionic detergent, zeolite and bentonite.
- Research disclosure, Vol 171, No. 66, 10 July 1978 discloses a detergent composition for washing soiled fabrics including talc as a dye absorbent.
- the present invention shows the surprising reduction in dye transfer between coloured and white laundry obtained when nonionic detergent is used in combination with bentonite clay.
- a particulate heavy duty laundry detergent composition comprises 10 to 20% of nonionic detergent, as the major detergent in the composition, 15 to 30% of clay, 25 to 70% of builder for the nonionic detergent, 0 to 3% of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (hereinafter PVP), and with any balance of the composition being selected from the group consisting of other builders for the nonionic detergent, fillers, functional components, adjuvants, water and mixtures thereof, characterised in that it is essentially free of per-compound and essentially free of optical brightener and in that it comprises 10 to 20% of ethoxylated higher alcohol wherein the alcohol is a saturated essentially straight chain alcohol of an average of 10 to 16 carbon atoms, ethoxylated with an average of 3 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide per mole, 15 to 30% of bentonite clay, 25 to.40% of sodium tripolyphosphate builder, 0 to 10% of sodium silicate, 0 to 20% of enzyme comprising protease, amy
- PVP polyvin
- the components are employed within certain preferred ranges of percentages.
- the particles are comprised of spray dried beads of the sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium silicate, sodium sulphate and silicone, mixed with bentonite, sodium carbonate, enzyme and phosphoric acid ester of higher alcohol, onto which liquid state nonionic detergent had been applied.
- the invention is also of processes of manufacturing and of using such compositions, and of employing the components of the compositions in wash waters.
- the nonionic detergent of the invented compositions is preferably an ethoxylated higher alcohol, wherein "higher” means of 8 to 18 carbon atoms. More preferably, such alcohol is saturated and essentially straight chain, and is of 10 to 16 carbon atoms. Still more preferably it is of 11 to 15 carbon atoms and most preferably it is of 13 to 14 carbon atoms.
- essentially straight chain it is meant that the percentage of straight chain members of the group is over 60 and preferably over 70, and the remaining isomers are only slightly branched, such as with methyl or other lower alkyl (such as ethyl and propyl) branching at the 2-carbon and sometimes also at the 3-carbon. Preferably any such branching is at the 2-carbon and is methyl branching.
- the described alcohols are normally homologous mixtures, so when a range is given or a compound is named it will normally be a mixture of such compounds averaging in the range or averaging at the compound carbon content mentioned.
- pure straight chain alcohols may be employed, too, of chain lengths equal to the averages previously mentioned.
- the extent of ethoxylation is an average within the range of 3 to 12, preferably 5 to 10 and more preferably 7 to 9 moles, e.g., 7 to 9 moles per mole of the alcohol (or of other reactant that can produce the same or equivalent final nonionic detergent).
- nonionic detergent(s) can be substituted, preferably only in minor part (less than half the nonionic detergent content and preferably less than 20% thereof).
- nonionic detergents that may be employed those are preferred which are reaction or condensation products of ethylene oxide and a suitable lipophile or lipophilic material.
- Oxo-type alcohols and C 7-10 alkyl substituted phenols such as nonyl phenol.
- Other members of the class of nonionic detergents such as higher fatty acid esters of ethylene oxide-based alcohols, may also be employed.
- both broad range ethoxyl distribution (BRE) and narrow range ethoxyl distribution (NRE) are useful, with the NRE compounds often being preferred.
- the ethoxylated alcohols that are useful include Tergitol® 24-L-60N, (a NRE) and Dobanol® 25 7EO (a BRE).
- Other suitable nonionic detergents are described in the McCutcheon's Detergent and Emulsifiers Annuals, such as that for 1981.
- the present detergent compositions are preferably ones which contain only nonionic detergent(s), to the exclusion of other types of detergents, or contain essentially no other detergents than those which are nonionic, relatively small proportions of other types of such non-nonionic detergents may be present without such compositions being outside this invention.
- the percentage of such non-nonionic detergents should be minor, with respect to the total detergent content, being less than 30% thereof for the total of amphoteric, ampholytic, zwitterionic, anionic and cationic detergents, preferably being less than 10%, more preferably less than 5% and most preferably 0%. It is considered that when such non-nonionic detergent content is less than 5% (or up to 5%) of the total synthetic organic detergent content the composition is "essentially free" of such anionic and other non-nonionic detergents.
- anionic detergents When such relatively small percentages of anionic detergents are present they will usually be C 12-18 alcohol sulfates, C 12-15 linear alkyl benzene sulfonates, C 12-18 olefin sulfonates, C 13-15 paraffin sulfonates or C 12-18 alcohol polyethoxy sulfates of 1 to 20 ethoxy groups, or mixtures thereof, usually as sodium or other alkali metal salts.
- Listings of other types of detergents may be found in the McCutcheon texts mentioned previously.
- the clays that scavenge the dyes released from coloured laundry are either swellable or non-swcllable smectite clays of the montmorillonite type and of these bentonite has been found to be an excellent component of the present detergent compositions. While it would be expected that to sorb dyes from aqueous media it would be desirable to employ a swellable bentonite, such as a sodium or potassium bentonite, it has been found that calcium bentonite and other non-swellable bentonites can also be used, providing that there is a source of sodium (or potassium or other "swelling" cation) present in the wash water, which apparently converts the bentonite to swelling type.
- a swellable bentonite such as a sodium or potassium bentonite
- calcium bentonite and other non-swellable bentonites can also be used, providing that there is a source of sodium (or potassium or other "swelling" cation) present in the
- the sodium of the sulfate, polyphosphate, carbonate, silicate and any other sources thereof apparently suffices to convert the bentonite to suitable swelling form and makes it capable of sorbing the released dyes from the wash water (which sorption is most often considered to be adsorption).
- the bentonite employed may be in powder form, having a particle size distribution that may be in the range of 44 to 125 microns, for example, or may be of other suitable size(s). Also, it may be agglomerated to desired size, such as in the range of sizes of the desired finished detergent composition particles.
- the bentonites employed may be those mined in the United States, such as Wyoming bentonite, which is a swellable sodium bentonite, or may be obtained from European sources, such as deposits located in Italy or Spain, which are usually calcium bentonites.
- the calcium bentonite may be treated before incorporation into the present compositions, as by reaction with sodium carbonate, to convert it to a swellable (or gelling) form, if desired, or may be added to the other components of the present compositions in non-swelling form. If used as calcium bentonite it will be desirable for the detergent composition to contain at least 1% and preferably 2 to 8%, of the bentonite weight of ionizable sodium, usually in the builder salt(s) present. Further descriptions of bentonites that are useful in the present invention may be found in EP-A-0530959 and 0530958.
- polyvinyl pyrrolidone When polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) is present in the invented compositions it will very preferably be of a relatively low molecular weight, such as one in the range of 20,000 to 70,000, more preferably 30,000 to 50,000 and most preferably 40,000, e.g., 40,000 ⁇ 4,000.
- the molecular weights given are those obtained by gel permeation chromatography or ultrafiltration through a membrane.
- copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and other monomers may be employed provided that they promote the reduction of dye transfer in washing in the manner of the homopolymer.
- monomers may be mentioned acrylonitrile and maleic anhydride.
- the molecular weights of any such co-polymers should be in the ranges given for the homopolymer.
- the builder in the present heavy duty detergent compositions is a water soluble polyphosphate.
- pyrophosphates may be employed, at least in part, as builders, the water soluble polyphosphates which are sodium salts are highly preferred builders and of these the tripolyphosphates, especially pentasodium tripolyphosphate, are most preferred.
- Such polyphosphates are preferably humidified (to avoid overheating due to hydration when mixed with water in the crutcher before spray drying). The humidification of detergent grade polyphosphates is well known, and need not be described further here. However, anhydrous or hydrated polyphosphates may also be employed.
- detergent compositions in which the presence of phosphates is to be limited, sometimes due to governmental regulations, they may be replaced by carbonates, silicates, bicarbonates, borates, zeolites and other inorganic (preferred) and organic builders, in which cases it is more desirable, although not necessary, to incorporate PVP into the formula for improved inhibition of dye transfer (because the dispersing phosphate is omitted).
- the other builders than polyphosphate builder may include both water soluble and water insoluble builders. Of the latter class the most prominent are the zeolites, which have water softening properties, such as anhydrous or hydrated Zeolite 4A.
- Water soluble organic builders may include: citrates, such as sodium citrate; nitrilotriacetates, such as trisodium nitrilotriacetate; polycarboxylates; and polyacetal carboxylates.
- the water soluble inorganic builders which usually are preferred, include alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal silicates, alkali metal bicarbonates and alkali metal borates, and such include also the alkali metal sesquisilicates and alkali metal sesquicarbonates. Of the alkali metal salts the sodium salts are usually much preferred.
- the sodium silicate is preferably one in which the ratio of Na 2 O:SiO 2 is in the range of 1:1.6 to 1:2.4, more preferably 1:1.8 to 1:2.2 and most preferably 1:2 or about 1:2.
- the principal builder which will usually be 50% or more of the builder content of the compositions, is a polyphosphate, such as sodium tripolyphosphate.
- the nonionic detergent acts to prevent or inhibit deposition of the bentonite (and scavenged dye) from the wash water onto surfaces of the washed laundry (including light coloured or white cotton laundry on which such deposited colour would be readily apparent and objectionable), so it is evident that other detergents that do not have such capability or which promote deposition, such as the anionic detergents should not be present (or if present should preferably be of limited concentration which does not result in noticeable dye transfer, e.g., less than 5 or 10% of the total detergent content, or less than 2 or 3% of the composition).
- the detergent content be all nonionic and of the type previously described, a higher linear saturated alcohol condensed with ethylene oxide, and that no anionic detergent be present in the invented compositions.
- clays than bentonite may be present with the bentonite, such as other hydrated aluminium silicates of the kaolinite, attapulgite, montmorillonite, illite, hectorite and halloysite types but normally such clay content will be relatively minor with respect to the bentonite content, e.g. under 1 ⁇ 2 or 1 ⁇ 4 of such content.
- the important considerations in selecting such a clay are its scavenging properties with respect to the dyes released from the laundry and its non-deposition onto the laundry in the wash water, when the invented compositions containing it are employed.
- the functional components include various materials that are intended to improve the detergent composition functionally, as distinguished from aesthetically.
- Representative of such materials are the anti-redeposition agents, such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), preferably the sodium salt, which act to maintain in wash water suspension the various soils removed from the laundry during washing, and prevent such soils from redepositing on the laundry.
- CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
- CMC and other anti-redeposition agents also help to inhibit deposition of bentonite and other clays, as well as clayey soils, onto laundry fabrics, and thereby assist in reducing dye transfer to light coloured or white laundry.
- Enzymes act as additional agents that selectively help to decompose and remove different types of soils from laundry, thus aiding in cleaning. These include: proteolytic enzymes (protease) for removing proteinaceous soils; amyloytic enzymes (amylases) for removing starchy soils; lipolytic enzymes (lipases) for removing fatty or oily soils; and cellulolytic enzymes (cellulases) for modifying cellulosic surfaces of laundry items to promote removal of soils from such surfaces.
- Anti-foaming agents act to control foaming in the crutcher and in the washing machine.
- the compounds employed for this purpose are compounds of silicon, such as silicones.
- Such compounds are usually silicone or siloxane polymers, such as methyl silicones, including dimethyl silicones, and polysiloxanes. They are often marketed as relatively dilute solutions or suspensions in aqueous media, e.g., about 10%, and are useful in comparatively low concentrations for deaerating the aqueous slurry of inorganic builders that are to be spray dried to provide the base beads for the present compositions, and are useful at somewhat higher concentrations to control foaming or to prevent it in washing operations.
- Phosphoric acid esters are useful as anti-foaming agents to prevent excessive wash water foaming in the washing machine but they may be replaced by silicone oil or emulsion preparations.
- the PAE's arc especially effective as anti-foaming agents in built nonionic detergent compositions. They are partial or complete esters of phosphoric acid, with the esterifying alcohol being a higher alcohol, preferably a higher saturated fatty alcohol, of 12 to 20 carbon atoms (on the average), more preferably a saturated fatty alcohol of 15 to 18 carbon atoms and most preferably of an average of 17 to 18 carbon atoms.
- the ester is preferably a monoester and/or a diester and more preferably is a mixture of monoester and diester, in approximately equal proportions (35 to 65% of one and 65 to 35% of the other) or in the 1:3 to 3:1 range.
- the C 18 alcohol content will often preferably be greater than the C 16 alcohol content, causing the average alcohol carbon content to be in the C 17 to C 18 range, despite the presence of some lower alcohols too.
- Polyacrylates and other polymers may be present in the detergent compositions to help to control bead characteristics of the spray dried base beads and also may have desirable building effects.
- the aesthetic adjuvants comprise perfumes and colorants, and the colorants include dyes and pigments.
- perfumes will almost always be present in the invented compositions colorants may be omitted. When they are present the nonionic detergent-clay combination will help to prevent discolouration of light or white laundry by them, too.
- compositions within the present invention without spray drying, in which case the normal crutcher mix components, less water (except water of hydration) may be dry mixed with dry components before application of the liquid state nonionic detergent to such mix and before perfuming.
- per-compounds such as sodium perborate
- bleaching materials should be omitted from the present compositions or the compositions should be essentially free of them, to limit the extent of dye removal from the laundry.
- optical brighteners, fluorescent dyes and other ultraviolet ray-to-visible light changers should be omitted from the invented detergent compositions or the compositions should be essentially free of them, for a similar reason.
- the small proportions present in such cases do not significantly adversely affect the colours of the fabrics of the items being laundered.
- the content of per-compound will be less than or up to 2% and more preferably less than or up to 1% (most preferably 0%) and the corresponding contents for the optical brightener will be 0.05%, 0.02% and 0%, respectively.
- a preferred phosphate-containing composition within the invention comprises 10 to 20% of ethoxylated alcohol nonionic detergent, 15 to 30% of bentonite, 25 to 40% of sodium tripolyphosphate, 0 to 3% of PVP, 0 to 10% of sodium silicate, 0 to 20% of sodium carbonate, 0.3 to 2% of enzyme(s), 0.1 to 1% of PAE, 0.001 to 0.05% of silicone, 0 to 30% of sodium sulfate and 3 to 15% of water.
- Percentages given herein for the silicone and for the related antifoam silicone compounds are actual percentages of the active component, although the silicones arc usually marketed as solutions or suspensions in aqueous media.
- the percentages of enzyme are given on an "as supplied" basis because enzymes are so marketed. However, the enzymatic activities are measurable and provide a better measure of the enzymatic actions.
- Savinase® 4T a proteolytic enzyme obtained from Novo Industri, has an activity of 4 KNPU/g, minimum, and their Termamyl® 60T, an amylolytic enzyme, has an alpha-amylase activity of 60 KNU/g, minimum, and the ranges of enzyme contents may be restated accordingly.
- compositions within the invention comprise 10 to 20% of the nonionic detergent, 20 to 30% of the bentonite, 27 to 30% of the sodium tripolyphosphate, 0 to 3% of PVP, 3 to 10% of sodium silicate, 3 to 10% of sodium carbonate, 1 to 2% of enzymes, 0.3 to 0.9% of PAE mixture, 0.001 to 0.01% of silicone, 1 to 5% of sodium sulfate, 0.5 to 2% of carboxmethyl cellulose, 0.2 to 1% of perfume and 5 to 12% of water.
- PVP polyvinyl cellulose
- such percentages are, in the order given, 15, 24, 32, 1.5, 7, 6.5, 1.5, 0.6, 0.002, 2.8, 1.2, 0.4 and 7.5, respectively.
- silicone is supplied as a 10% active material, there is also present 0.018% of carrier for it, which carrier may be mostly water.
- non-carbonate inorganic builders from an aqueous crutcher mix, mix them with other particulate or powdered components, including carbonate, bicarbonate and/or sesquicarbonate, if present, in a tumbling drum mixer and spray or drip liquid state nonionic detergent into the tumbling mix, followed by application of perfume to the resulting product, preferably also by spraying.
- a desired well mixed particulate product which may be characterised as homogenous.
- up to 2% (composition basis) of the nonionic detergent may be included in the crutcher mix (without causing tower plumbing).
- the crutcher mix has a solids content in the range of 40 to 60%, the balance being water, and is sprayed through nozzles (Type 5/5) into a concurrent spray drying tower in which the inlet air temperature is in the range of 200 to 400°, preferably 200 to 300°C, and the outlet temperature is in the range of 70 to 100°C.
- the crutcher mix will be pumpable, and for crutcher mixes including sodium tripolyphosphate as the principal builder, solids contents in the lower part of the 40 to 60% range, e.g., 40%, will be practicable, whereas for non-phosphate crutcher mixes, e.g., those based on zeolite builder, solids contents in the upper part of the range, e.g., 60%, are feasible, as are lower solids contents.
- the spray dried beans resulting usually containing from 10 to 20% of water, are of particle sizes in the range of 0.1 to 2mm in diameter and are of bulk densities in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 g/cc.
- the base beads so made arc then mixed in a tumbling drum type of mixer (although other types of mixers may also be employed) until all the dry components, including the bentonite and carbonate, are well dispersed in the base beads, and then the nonionic detergent, in liquid state and at a temperature in the range of 25 to 60°C, is sprayed or dripped onto the moving mix.
- the noninoic detergent serves to help bind the mix components together, especially upon solidification at a lower temperature, and some of it permeates the particles of product and helps to disperse such particles in the wash water, in such capacity helping the bentonite and the polyphosphate, when present, to act as dispersants, too.
- Perfume is then applied to the composition at a temperature that is preferably room temperature or thereabout (20 to 30°C) but which is no higher than 40°C.
- the final particulate product is of particle sizes in the 0.1 to 2mm diameter range and of a bulk density in the range of 0.6 to 0.8 g/cc.
- liquid compositions may be made, as may be gels, usually with the various components being in the same proportions as in the particulate compositions and with the water contents thereof being in the range of 12 to 75%, with co-solvents, such as ethanol and isopropanol sometimes being present, too, replacing some of the water, e.g., 1/10 to 1 ⁇ 2 thereof.
- the particulate or powdered compositions may also be made without spray drying of the base beads, by mixing in the polyphosphate or zeolite, silicate (in powder or solution form), sulfate and silicone (which can be omitted) with the clay and other powders in the dry mixer before application of the nonionic detergent thereto.
- the invented particulate compositions are employed in the same general manner as other detergent powders, with some variations in the procedure to minimise dye transfer and fading.
- the concentration of the composition in the wash water will be in the range of 0.05 to 1.5%, preferably 0.1 to 1%, more preferably 0.2 to 0.5%, and most preferably 0.3 to 0.4%, e.g., 0.35%, and the wash water temperature will usually be in the range of 10 to 95°C, preferably 10 to 60°C, more preferably 30 to 45°C and most preferably 40°C or about 40°C.
- Washing machines utilised will very preferably be of the horizontal tumbler type, with a side opening door.
- the nonionic detergent formula is particularly suited to this type of washing because it does not generate as much foam as do anionic detergent formulas.
- the washing cycle will last from 30 to 120 minutes, including rinsings, and the cycle will normally include at least three rinsings (to remove all the clay with sorbed dye on it) after pumping out of the wash water, and thereby dye transfer to the washed light coloured laundry will be prevented.
- the detergent compositions of this invention effectively wash soiled laundry when employed in washing machine washings of such laundry in the concentrations described, and inhibit dye transfer better than commercial products on the market that are advocated as not causing dye transfers between dark coloured laundry items and light coloured or white laundry items. They also are found to be mild to coloured laundry items and do not cause fading of colours thereof, as may occur when other detergent compositions containing the normal proportions of perborate are employed. Yet, they wash the laundry clean and, in fact, are even superior to some commercial detergents in removing soils and stains, such as greasy and particulate soiled and red wine stains, from laundry.
- the invented detergent compositions effectively wash mixed charges of coloured and uncoloured laundry without causing objectionable fading of the coloured items and without objectionable fading of the coloured items to those that were uncoloured or lightly coloured.
- the colour purging action of the present compositions appears to be a rather complex physical phenomenon in which the bentonite adsorbs any dye released from coloured laundry and carries it out of the washing machine tub with the wash and rinse waters. In wash waters made from the invented compositions the bentonite does not exert any fabric softening effects, indicating that it and the adsorbed dye are not deposited on and retained by the washed laundry. Colour measurements confirm such findings.
- Pentasodium tripolyphosphate 32.0 Sodium silicate (Na 2 O:SiO 2 1:2, anhydrous basis) 7.0 Sodium sulfate, anhydrous 2.8 Dimethyl polysiloxane (silicone) 0.002 Sodium carbonate, anhydrous 6.5 Proteolytic enzyme (Savinase® 4T, from Novo Industri, 4 KNPU/g, minimum) 0.9 Amylolytic enzyme (Termamyl ® 60T, from Novo Industri 60 KNU/g, minimum) 0.6 Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose 1.2 Phosphoric acid ester 0.6 Clay 24.0 Nonionic detergent (Dobanol ® 25 7EO) 15.0 Perfume 0.4 Water 9.0 100.0
- a particulate heavy duty built nonionic detergent composition of the above formula is made by spray drying a 47% solids content crutcher mix of the tripolyphosphate, silicate (as a 40% aqueous solution), sulfate and silicone through three type 5/5 nozzles into a concurrent spray drying tower, in which the inlet drying air temperature is in the range of 200 to 275°C and the outlet air temperature is in the range of 76 to 95°C.
- the crutcher mix is satisfactorily deaerated, due at least in part to the presence therein of the silicone.
- the spray dried beads resulting are of a moisture content of 16% ⁇ 2%, of particle sizes in the range of 0.1 to 2mm in diameter, and of a bulk density in the range of 0.5 to 0.8 g/cc.
- the beads arc of rounded shapes and satisfactory strength, so as to be able to resist breakage during mixing operations.
- the spray dried beads are then mixed with the sodium carbonate, enzymes, CMC, PAE and bentonite in a rotary drum mixer and after thorough mixing of the added components with the base beads there is sprayed onto the moving surfaces of the mix the liquid state nonionic detergent, at a temperature of about 55°C (its flow temperature being about 30°C).
- the heavy duty laundry detergent composition made is then tested for detergency, dye transfer properties and fading effects by standardised testing procedures.
- detergency it is tested in an automatic washing machine of the horizontal drum, side door type, against a variety of standard soils on a variety of test fabrics, including cottons and synthetics, as well as blends thereof, and is found to be equal to or better than a commercial detergent composition, being especially effective against mixed greasy/particulate soils and red wine stains.
- Dye transfer characteristics are measured by testing against a control, which is a commercial product that is marketed as one which allows washing of coloured and white goods together without objectionable dye transfer from the coloured items to the white ones.
- control has been analysed and has been found to include 9% of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, 2% of lauryl ethoxylate sulfate, 5% of nonionic detergent, 32% of zeolite, 21% of sodium citrate (as the dihydrate) and the balance of adjuvants, filler and water.
- Colour stability tests are run in essentially the same manner as the dye transfer tests except that the white towels are omitted from the wash load, being replaced by additional coloured towels (or cloths), and the control is changed to a laboratory version of a commercial detergent formula that contains perborate and optical brightener.
- Such control formula includes 16% of applicants' nonionic detergent, 0.6% of their PAE, 3.5% of their silicate, 25% of their tripolyphosphate, 19.8% of zeolite, 1.2% of CMC, 1% of their enzymes, 20% of sodium perborate tetrahydrate, 0.4% of stilbene optical brightener, 2% of copolymer salts (Sokalan®) and the balance of water and sodium sulfate (preferably 8% of water and 2.5% of the sulfate).
- Sokalan® copolymer salts
- the particulate built detergent composition of this example is made in the same manner as that described in Example 1 and the product resulting, which is of the same particle size range and bulk density, is tested for detergency, dye transfer characteristics and colour stability in controlled laboratory tests. It is found to be a good detergent, of less dye transfer action than the dye transfer control formula described in Example 1, and of greater colour stability than the colour stability control formula described in Example 1.
- the PVP of Example 1 is incorporated in the formula to the extent of 1.5% and 3% (being post-added) an improvement in dye transfer inhibition is obtained and when the CMC is omitted dye transfer increases result.
- the PVP is added in the crutcher little difference in dye transfer is noted, compared to when it is post-added.
- the proportions of the other components of the formula are adjusted proportionally.
- the proportion of sodium sulfate (filler) may be changed accordingly, keeping the percentages of other components the same.
- Proteolytic enzyme (Savinase ® 4T) 1.0 PAE 0.6 Calcium bentonite 20.0
- the invented detergent composition of this formula is made in the same manner as described previously for Examples 1 and 2.
- the PVP is added in the crutcher and no silicone is present (as in Example 2).
- the particulate detergent composition resulting is of particle size range and bulk density like the compositions of Examples 1 and 2 and is of good detergent properties. It does not cause objectionable colour fading, by the tests described previously, and dye transfer during washing is inhibited, so that the product is unobjectionable to users thereof and is considered to be essentially non-transferring of dyes from coloured to uncoloured laundry.
- NRE Tergitol 24-L-60N replaces the BRE and a very effective detergent composition of low dye transfer property results.
- nonionic detergent present in the formulas the more effective it is in promoting better cleaning and better resistance to dye transfers.
- up to 3% of sodium perborate or other per-compound and/or up to 0.1% of optical brightener or fluorescent dye are in the invented compositions (when such compositions are essentially free of such materials) the washed laundry appears to be cleaner and brighter and the dye transfer effects are not significantly different from those when such materials are omitted entirely.
- detergent compositions are obtained that are at least equivalent in detergency to controls, and do not cause objectionable dye transfers or colour fadings.
- the compositions described are superior in dye transfer inhibiting and colour stability to many commercial detergent products, even to those that have been marketed as especially good for dye transfer inhibition and colour stability properties.
- liquid state products can be made by diluting the particulate compositions with water, and adding an emulsifier and/or a solvent when that is considered to be desirable. By adding water (sometimes with an organic solvent) and a gelling agent to the components of the particulate products one can make gel versions of the products.
- anionic detergents such as sodium linear tridecylbenzene sulfonate and lauryl alcohol ethoxylate sulfate (3 EO per mole) or mixtures thereof are completely substituted for the nonionic detergent described herein dye transfer is increased, which is objectionable, and when per-compounds and/or optical brighteners arc present in the described compositions in amounts greater than the limits previously given objectionable colour fading or other colour change occurs. Also, when bentonite is omitted dye transfers increase. Thus, such controls are inferior to the invented products.
- the particulate detergent composition formulas of the invention all contain significant proportions of detergent and builder, with little filler (sodium sulfate), and can be characterised as concentrated detergents. Therefore, lower wash water concentrations of such products are employed (near the lower ends of the ranges previously given) than of the usual detergent compositions. For example, whereas 0.85% of one typical commercial heavy duty built detergent composition might be employed according to European practice, often 0.35% of the invented concentrated product can suffice, with even less being employed when the water hardness is low (below 100 p.p.m., as CaCO 3 ).
- test washings at different temperatures within the washing temperature ranges recited herein result in good detergency, little or no fadings or colours and little or no dye transfers, in usual cases one will not wash coloured laundry at temperatures in excess of 60°C, to avoid colour fading. Therefore, although the invented compositions may be used to wash laundry at temperatures as high as 90 or 95°C, as a practical matter, when coloured laundry is being washed an upper limit that is 60°C or about 60°C may desirably be imposed, and more preferably it will be 45°C.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US92648792A | 1992-08-07 | 1992-08-07 | |
US926487 | 1992-08-07 | ||
US97857392A | 1992-11-19 | 1992-11-19 | |
US978573 | 1992-11-19 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0582478A2 EP0582478A2 (en) | 1994-02-09 |
EP0582478A3 EP0582478A3 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
EP0582478B1 true EP0582478B1 (en) | 2001-01-24 |
Family
ID=27129923
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93306205A Expired - Lifetime EP0582478B1 (en) | 1992-08-07 | 1993-08-05 | Heavy duty laundry detergent compositions of reduced dye transfer properties |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0582478B1 (no) |
AT (1) | ATE198906T1 (no) |
AU (1) | AU660101B2 (no) |
CA (1) | CA2101289A1 (no) |
DE (1) | DE69329890D1 (no) |
NO (1) | NO932812L (no) |
NZ (1) | NZ248173A (no) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7803604B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2010-09-28 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Amylolytic enzyme extracted from Bacillus sp. A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and washing and cleaning agents containing this novel amylolytic enzyme |
EP3085761A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2016-10-26 | Hayata Kimya Sanayi Anonim Sirketi | Laundry detergent for use in washing of white and coloured fabrics together |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4312648A1 (de) * | 1993-04-19 | 1994-10-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Waschmittel mit verfärbungsinhibierenden Eigenschaften |
DE4320851A1 (de) * | 1993-06-23 | 1995-01-05 | Henkel Kgaa | Waschmittel mit verfärbungsinhibierenden Eigenschaften |
US5849684A (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1998-12-15 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent additives comprising dye transfer inhibitors, and process for making them |
EP0687733A1 (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1995-12-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition containing wool compatible high alkaline proteases |
US5922082A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1999-07-13 | Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition containing wool compatible high alkaline proteases |
ATE226239T1 (de) * | 1994-12-29 | 2002-11-15 | Procter & Gamble | Beim waschen weichmachende waschmittelzusammensetzungen |
DE19529908A1 (de) * | 1995-08-15 | 1997-02-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines amorphen Alkalisilikats mit Imprägnierung |
DE19533790A1 (de) * | 1995-09-13 | 1997-03-20 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines amorphen Alkalisilikats mit Imprägnierung |
US5880081A (en) * | 1997-04-07 | 1999-03-09 | Gopalkrishnan; Sridhar | Concentrated built liquid detergents containing a dye-transfer inhibiting additive |
US6458756B1 (en) | 1999-07-14 | 2002-10-01 | Unilever Home & Personal Care Usa Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Powder detergent process |
GB0124308D0 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2001-11-28 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
GB0124307D0 (en) | 2001-10-10 | 2001-11-28 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
EP2083065A1 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-29 | The Procter and Gamble Company | Colour-Care Composition |
WO2022104631A1 (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2022-05-27 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Method of making detergent compositions comprising perfume |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0530958A2 (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1993-03-10 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fabric softening products based on a combination of pentaerythritol compound and bentonite |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE552521A (no) * | 1955-11-12 | |||
AU549000B2 (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1986-01-09 | Colgate-Palmolive Pty. Ltd. | Base beads for detergent compositions |
DE3936405A1 (de) * | 1989-11-02 | 1991-05-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Koerniges, nichtionische tenside enthaltendes additiv fuer wasch- und reinigungsmittel mit verbessertem einspuelverhalten |
GB8927363D0 (en) * | 1989-12-04 | 1990-01-31 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
-
1993
- 1993-07-15 AU AU41977/93A patent/AU660101B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1993-07-16 NZ NZ248173A patent/NZ248173A/en unknown
- 1993-07-26 CA CA002101289A patent/CA2101289A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-08-05 EP EP93306205A patent/EP0582478B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-05 AT AT93306205T patent/ATE198906T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-08-05 DE DE69329890T patent/DE69329890D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-08-06 NO NO932812A patent/NO932812L/no unknown
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0530958A2 (en) * | 1991-09-06 | 1993-03-10 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fabric softening products based on a combination of pentaerythritol compound and bentonite |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7803604B2 (en) | 2000-07-28 | 2010-09-28 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Amylolytic enzyme extracted from Bacillus sp. A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and washing and cleaning agents containing this novel amylolytic enzyme |
EP3085761A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2016-10-26 | Hayata Kimya Sanayi Anonim Sirketi | Laundry detergent for use in washing of white and coloured fabrics together |
WO2016171636A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 | 2016-10-27 | Hayat Kimya Sanayi Anonim Şirketi | Laundry detergent for use in washing of white and colored fabrics together |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO932812D0 (no) | 1993-08-06 |
AU4197793A (en) | 1994-02-10 |
AU660101B2 (en) | 1995-06-08 |
DE69329890D1 (de) | 2001-03-01 |
CA2101289A1 (en) | 1994-02-08 |
EP0582478A3 (en) | 1995-06-28 |
EP0582478A2 (en) | 1994-02-09 |
NO932812L (no) | 1994-02-08 |
NZ248173A (en) | 1994-10-26 |
ATE198906T1 (de) | 2001-02-15 |
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