EP0582419A1 - Soupape pour appareil de respiration et appareils de respiration comprenant cette soupape - Google Patents

Soupape pour appareil de respiration et appareils de respiration comprenant cette soupape Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0582419A1
EP0582419A1 EP93305888A EP93305888A EP0582419A1 EP 0582419 A1 EP0582419 A1 EP 0582419A1 EP 93305888 A EP93305888 A EP 93305888A EP 93305888 A EP93305888 A EP 93305888A EP 0582419 A1 EP0582419 A1 EP 0582419A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
disc
breathing gas
demand
inhale
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP93305888A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Andrew Richard Thomas Tatarek-Gintowt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sabre Safety Ltd
Original Assignee
Sabre Safety Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sabre Safety Ltd filed Critical Sabre Safety Ltd
Publication of EP0582419A1 publication Critical patent/EP0582419A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/02—Valves

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a valve for use with breathing apparatus and to breathing apparatus incorporating the valve.
  • the valve according to the present invention is capable of use as either an inhale valve or an exhale valve.
  • flap valves consist of a central stem carrying a flexible essentially flat rubber disc which is capable of sealing against a surrounding surface when the stem of the valve member is placed substantially centrally in an aperture in the surface and an applied pressure difference directs the flexible disc towards the surface.
  • the rubber disc will flex away from the surface and permit gas flow through the aperture when an opposite pressure difference exists across the disc.
  • the rubber disc may be formed with corrugations.
  • flap valves are liable to open partially in the absence of a pressure difference urging the disc into sealing contact with the surface surrounding the aperture. This tendency gives rise to disadvantages when a flap valve is used as the external inhale valve in breathing apparatus to be used in conditions where foreign matter may come into contact with the inhale valve. This applies particularly in the medical field where the breathing apparatus is liable to be contaminated by foreign matter such as sweat, spit or vomitus, and the contaminant may enter through the aperture into the valve mechanism or the interior of the breathing apparatus.
  • a valve for use with breathing apparatus comprising a rigid circular disc having a solid central area and a plurality of apertures between the solid central area and the circumference of the disc, and a valve member which is an annular member of elastomeric material, the valve member being secured over a circumferential edge of the disc such that the annular valve member is under tension and, in the absence of a pressure difference between opposite surfaces of the annular valve member tending to move the annular valve member away from the disc, the annular valve member is maintained in a plane covering the apertures in the disc.
  • the annular valve member may be maintained in contact with the solid central area of the disc. Such contact may be obtained by providing an angularly projecting lip on the free inner edge of the annular valve member or by so constructing the valve that the tensioned annular valve member naturally engages the solid central area of the disc.
  • the circumferential edge of the disc is an outwardly projecting rim on the disc and the valve member is formed with an integral peripheral flange defining an inwardly facing channel, the valve member being secured to the disc by engagement of the rim of the disc in the said inwardly facing channel.
  • the outwardly projecting rim of the disc may be displaced laterally relative to the solid central area of the disc.
  • the disc has a peripheral flange which includes the rim and which has a circumferential recess of which the rim forms a wall, the flange on the valve member engaging in the circumferential recess.
  • the apertures in the rigid disc are circular apertures the centres of which are all at the same radial distance from the centre of the disc.
  • the valve member may be made of silicone rubber or other suitable resiliently flexible material.
  • the present invention also comprehends breathing apparatus comprising means for supplying breathing gas from a source thereof to a gas delivery means for delivering breathing gas to a user, the means for supplying breathing gas including a demand valve for passing breathing gas from the source in response to a reduction of pressure on inhalation by the user, and an inhale valve located between the demand valve and the gas delivery means, the inhale valve being a valve according to the present invention as recited in the preceding paragraphs arranged such that the annular valve member moves away from the disc in response to inhalation by the user.
  • the demand valve preferably includes a main valve and a pilot valve, the pilot valve comprising first and second chambers separated by a pivotally mounted diaphragm, the first chamber being connected to the inhale valve and the second chamber being connected to atmosphere, a reduction in pressure in the first chamber at the commencement of inhalation causing pivotal movement of the diaphragm to open a pilot jet communicating with the first chamber with consequential opening of the main valve to pass breathing gas from an outlet of the main valve over the solid central area of the disc on the opposite side of the disc to that over which the annular valve member is tensioned, the breathing gas also passing over an aperture defined by a cylindrical member, and the aperture communicating with the first chamber whereby an increase in the rate of breathing gas drawn through the inhale valve results in further pivoting movement of the diaphragm thereby further opening the main valve and substantially preventing an increase in the inhalation resistance of the demand valve as the rate of flow of breathing gas through the demand valve increases.
  • the breathing gas passes over a pair of apertures each defined by a cylindrical member and each aperture communicating with the first chamber, and the cylindrical members are located on either side of the outlet of the main valve.
  • a valve comprising a rigid circular disc 1 of a plastics material such as polysulphone or acetal.
  • the disc 1 has a solid central area 2 and, around the solid central area 2, a series of circular apertures 3, 3 the centres of which are all at the same radial distance from the centre of the disc.
  • the disc 1 is formed with an outwardly extending rim 5 displaced laterally relative to the solid central area 2 of the disc 1, the rim 5 being of lesser thickness than the body of the disc which includes the solid central area 2.
  • the disc 1 also includes a flange 6 which is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the disc 1 and which extends from the disc 1 in the opposite direction to the direction of lateral displacement of the rim 5.
  • the valve illustrated in Figure 1 further includes a valve member 7 consisting essentially of a resiliently flexible annulus formed, for example, of silicone rubber.
  • the inner edge 10 of the annular valve member 7 defines an aperture of a smaller diameter than the solid central area 2 of the disc 1.
  • annular valve member 7 Formed integrally with the annular valve member 7 is a flange 8 which defines an inwardly facing channel 9.
  • the annular valve member 7 is secured over the rim 5 which is the circumferential edge of the disc 1 by engaging the rim 5 in the inwardly facing channel 9 defined by the flange 8 of the annular valve member 7 so that the annular valve member 7 is held in tension on the disc 1.
  • the rim 5 of the disc 1 may alternatively be arranged such that the surface of the rim 5 over which the annular valve member 7 is tensioned is in the same plane as the adjacent surface of the solid central area 2. The free inner edge 10 of the annular valve member 7 will then contact the surface of the solid central area 2 of the disc 1.
  • FIG. 2 An alternative embodiment of a valve in accordance with the present invention is illustrated in Figure 2.
  • the valve of Figure 2 differs from the valve of Figure 1 in the means of securing the annular valve member 7 to the disc 1 and in the provision at the free inner edge of the annular valve member 7 of a continuous angularly projecting lip 11 ensuring contact between the annular valve member 7 and the solid central area 2 of the disc 1 in the absence of a significant pressure difference across the annular valve member 7.
  • the disc 1 illustrated in Figure 2 has its flange 6 formed with a circumferential recess 12 adjacent the rim 5 so that the rim 5 constitutes a wall of the circumferential recess 12.
  • the flange 8 on the annular valve member 7 then engages over the rim 5 and into the recess 12, the projection on flange 8 being shaped to fit precisely into the recess 12.
  • valve of either Figure 1 or Figure 2 may advantageously be used as an inhale valve in conjunction with a demand valve in breathing apparatus for supplying breathing gas, for example oxygen, to a user such as a patient.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show part of one embodiment of breathing apparatus incorporating the valve of the present invention with a pilot-operated demand valve.
  • breathing gas from a suitable source for example a piped hospital gas supply
  • a channel 21 which is an inlet channel of a main valve and which is terminated by a valve member which is a resilient disc 22.
  • the disc 22 has a small central aperture 23 through which gas passes to a channel 24 and a pilot jet 25 which is normally closed by a pivotally mounted diaphragm 26 which constitutes a partition separating a first chamber 27 from a second chamber 28.
  • the second chamber 28 is connected to atmosphere by an aperture 29 and the diaphragm 26 is biased by springs (not shown) to keep the pilot jet 25 closed.
  • the main valve has an outlet 31 to which breathing gas is supplied from channel 21 via apertures 32 when the resilient disc 22 is caused to bow away from its valve seat when the pilot jet 25 is opened.
  • An inhale valve essentially similar to the valve described with reference to Figure 1 is mounted adjacent the outlet 31 from the main valve so that breathing gas passing through the main valve strikes the solid central area 2 of the disc 1 of the inhale valve.
  • a pair of cylindrical members 35 and 36 define apertures leading to the first chamber 27 .
  • the cylindrical members 35 and 36 are located on diametrically opposite sides of the outlet 31 from the main valve and the cylindrical members 35 and 36 are situated so that the apertures defined thereby partially overlap the solid central area 2 of the disc 1 of the inhale valve and are relatively closely spaced from the solid central area 2.
  • the breathing apparatus illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 further includes a passage 38 leading to a mouthpiece or face mask used by a wearer such as a patient and further includes an exhale valve 39 which is a flap valve constituted by an annulus located in a recess 40 in the external surface of the wall which defines the passage 38.
  • Exhale valve 39 remains closed throughout inhalation. However, when the patient or other wearer of the breathing apparatus exhales, the annular valve member 7 resumes its normal position closing apertures 3, 3, as shown on the left half of Figure 4, and the exhale valve 39 opens permitting exhaled gases to pass freely to atmosphere.
  • breathing apparatus in accordance with the present invention is to be used in forcing breathing gas into a patient's lungs, for example in artificial respiration
  • the construction of the apparatus should be such that, when the annular valve member 7 is flexed away from the disc 1 by the gas under pressure, the annular valve member 7 contacts a continuous surface and prevents escape of gas via the exhale valve 39.
  • This effect may be achieved by modifying the construction of the apparatus of Figure 4 to reduce the distance D between the upper end of the wall which defines passage 38 and the plane in which the annular valve member 7 is tensioned in the absence of a pressure difference across it.
  • an inhale valve according to the present invention in breathing apparatus such as that described with reference to Figures 3, 4 and 5 impedes any foreign matter or contaminants from passing through the inhale valve into the apertures defined by the cylindrical members 35, 36 and the interior mechanisms of the demand valve.
  • the presence of the cylindrical members 35, 36 is a further obstacle to contaminants entering chamber 27 of the pilot valve.
  • Variations in the flow/inhalation resistance characteristic can be made by using differently constructed discs 1 having different heights H for the flange 6 and using different heights for the distance which the cylindrical members 35 and 36 extend from the horizontal wall of the housing towards the disc 1.
  • the method of substantially equalising the resistance to inhalation over a range of rates of gas flow has been described in connection with a particular breathing apparatus, the method may be used in other breathing apparatus. The method may also be used to produce another desired flow/inhalation resistance characteristic.
  • the present invention also comprehends breathing apparatus comprising means for supplying breathing gas from a source thereof to a gas delivery means for delivering breathing gas to a user, the means for supplying breathing gas including a demand valve and an inhale valve, the demand valve having a chamber containing a diaphragm which is movable in response to a reduction of pressure in the chamber on inhalation by the user for causing breathing gas to be passed from the source through an outlet from the demand valve and thence through the inhale valve to the user, the inhale valve having a solid central area and circumferential apertures which are normally closed but which open to permit passage of inhale gas, the outlet from the demand valve being located adjacent the solid central area of the inhale valve so that gas flows over the solid central area substantially parallel thereto, and at least one cylindrical member, which defines an aperture leading to the chamber of the demand valve which contains the diaphragm, being located adjacent the gas flow over the solid central area of the inhale valve whereby an increase in the rate of breathing gas drawn
  • the demand valve used in this aspect of the invention may be a simple demand valve, or a pilot-operated demand valve.
  • the only restriction on the type of demand valve is that the demand valve must incorporate a diaphragm controlling movement of a valve member such that the movement of the valve member to open the demand valve is generally proportional to the movement of the diaphragm.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
EP93305888A 1992-08-07 1993-07-26 Soupape pour appareil de respiration et appareils de respiration comprenant cette soupape Withdrawn EP0582419A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9216860 1992-08-07
GB9216860A GB2269323A (en) 1992-08-07 1992-08-07 A valve for use with breathing apparatus and breathing apparatus incorporating the valve

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0582419A1 true EP0582419A1 (fr) 1994-02-09

Family

ID=10720040

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93305888A Withdrawn EP0582419A1 (fr) 1992-08-07 1993-07-26 Soupape pour appareil de respiration et appareils de respiration comprenant cette soupape

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0582419A1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2269323A (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1850901A2 (fr) 2004-12-04 2007-11-07 Concept 2 Manufacture Design Ltd Respirateur medical
CN102580220A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2012-07-18 苏州凯迪泰医学科技有限公司 阻尼漏气阀
CN105194781A (zh) * 2015-10-23 2015-12-30 北京怡和嘉业医疗科技有限公司 通气控制装置和具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2378745B (en) * 2001-08-15 2005-07-13 Internat Safety Instr Inc Demand valve for breathing apparatus

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2640481A (en) * 1950-02-14 1953-06-02 American Optical Corp Exhalation valve
US4428392A (en) * 1981-12-24 1984-01-31 Protection, Inc. Breathing valve
EP0260021A2 (fr) * 1986-09-06 1988-03-16 Peter Joseph Jackson Soupape respiratoire pilotée

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB950618A (en) * 1960-09-07 1964-02-26 Eric Crisp Lewis Improved non-return valve
US3527242A (en) * 1968-09-16 1970-09-08 Sierra Eng Co Three-phase mono-diaphragm breathing valve
GB2234368B (en) * 1986-09-06 1991-07-31 Peter Joseph Jackson Pilot operated valves

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2640481A (en) * 1950-02-14 1953-06-02 American Optical Corp Exhalation valve
US4428392A (en) * 1981-12-24 1984-01-31 Protection, Inc. Breathing valve
EP0260021A2 (fr) * 1986-09-06 1988-03-16 Peter Joseph Jackson Soupape respiratoire pilotée

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1850901A2 (fr) 2004-12-04 2007-11-07 Concept 2 Manufacture Design Ltd Respirateur medical
US8448643B2 (en) 2004-12-04 2013-05-28 Concept 2 Manufacture Design Ltd Medical breathing apparatus
EP1850901B1 (fr) * 2004-12-04 2014-05-14 Concept 2 Manufacture Design Ltd Respirateur medical
EP2777734A2 (fr) 2004-12-04 2014-09-17 Concept 2 Manufacture Design Ltd Appareil respiratoire médical
CN102580220A (zh) * 2011-12-28 2012-07-18 苏州凯迪泰医学科技有限公司 阻尼漏气阀
CN105194781A (zh) * 2015-10-23 2015-12-30 北京怡和嘉业医疗科技有限公司 通气控制装置和具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备
CN105194781B (zh) * 2015-10-23 2018-11-09 北京怡和嘉业医疗科技股份有限公司 通气控制装置和具有该通气控制装置的呼吸面罩设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2269323A (en) 1994-02-09
GB9216860D0 (en) 1992-09-23

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