EP0580585A1 - Tunnel-driving machine. - Google Patents

Tunnel-driving machine.

Info

Publication number
EP0580585A1
EP0580585A1 EP92903024A EP92903024A EP0580585A1 EP 0580585 A1 EP0580585 A1 EP 0580585A1 EP 92903024 A EP92903024 A EP 92903024A EP 92903024 A EP92903024 A EP 92903024A EP 0580585 A1 EP0580585 A1 EP 0580585A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cutting wheel
boring machine
tunnel boring
machine according
center cutter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP92903024A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0580585B1 (en
Inventor
Gebhard Lehmann
Rolf Heerssen
Martin Herrenknecht
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herrenknecht GmbH
Original Assignee
Herrenknecht GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herrenknecht GmbH filed Critical Herrenknecht GmbH
Publication of EP0580585A1 publication Critical patent/EP0580585A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0580585B1 publication Critical patent/EP0580585B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/0642—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end
    • E21D9/0657—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining the shield having means for additional processing at the front end structurally associated with rock crushers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
    • E21D9/0879—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tunnel boring machine for drilling a tunnel with a shield that can be driven into the ground and in which a cutting wheel that can be driven and equipped with mining tools is arranged.
  • Such tunnel boring machines are known and have a cutting wheel with a plurality of cutting arms, the removed soil reaching the tunnel boring machine through the gaps in the cutting arms and then being transported away. Because of the high forces that occur, the hub area of the cutting wheel, from which the cutting arms extend radially outwards, is solid and stable. For this reason, earth material that has been mined in the region of the longitudinal axis of the cutting wheel must be transported in the radial direction of the cutting wheel to one of the spaces between the cutting arms of the cutting wheel.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a tunnel boring machine which is characterized by a low propulsion resistance.
  • This object is achieved in that a center cutter with a central cutting wheel is arranged in the hub area of the cutting wheel and rotatable with respect to the cutting wheel and also having removal tools.
  • the center cutter has a drive for both directions of rotation which is separate from the cutting wheel.
  • the center cutter has at least one entry opening for the soil to be mined.
  • the inlet opening opens into a crusher chamber which is designed as a cone crusher with a plurality of crushing bars which are arranged on the one hand on the hub of the central cutting wheel and on the other hand on the inside of the cone plate of the cone crusher.
  • the central cutter wheel of the center cutter preferably has a rim through which a see the center cutter and the opening in the central cutting wheel for the center cutter are covered in the direction of advance.
  • the central cutting wheel of the center cutter is provided with a plurality of inlet openings, at the edge of which peeling knives or other dismantling tools are provided.
  • Carbide applications can be provided along the rim of the central cutter wheel of the center cutter.
  • FIG. 1 shows the front shield area of a tunneling machine according to the invention in section with a broken-out partial view of the center cutter
  • FIG. 2 is a view of the tunnel boring machine according to FIG. 1 in a view against the direction of advance
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the tunnel boring machine according to the invention modified with respect to FIG. 1 with a center cutter and roller boring tools
  • Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the center cutter in a somewhat enlarged representation compared to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • FIG. 1 shows that at the front part of a tunnel boring machine or tunnel boring machine for the Tunnel construction provided shield 1 in longitudinal section.
  • the shield 1 has a cylindrical shield shell 2 which is provided with a shield cutting edge 3 at the front end pointing in the direction of advance. Since FIG. 2 has broken off to the right, neither the malice tail of the shield 1 nor the other parts of the tunnel drive machine are shown in FIG. 1.
  • a central tube 4 extends coaxially with the shield jacket 2 in the axial direction relative to the shield jacket 2.
  • the center tube 4 is at its right end in FIG. 1 with the help of a pressure wall 5 and at its left end in FIG. 1 with the help attached to a baffle 6.
  • Both the pressure wall 5 and the baffle wall 6 are annular, the outer diameter of the ring in each case corresponding to the inner shell diameter and the inner diameter of the ring in each case corresponding to the outer diameter of the central tube.
  • the baffle 6 is provided with a baffle opening 7 shown at the bottom in FIG. 1, which can be seen in view in FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows the shield jacket 2 already mentioned and the diving wall 6, in front of which an outer cutting wheel 8 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is arranged in the direction of advance.
  • the cutting wheel 3 has a plurality of cutting arms 9.
  • the cutting arms 9 of the outer cutting wheel 8 are each provided with a number of excavation tools 10 which remove the soil in the area of the working face when the tunnel boring machine is being driven, this mixing with water into the through the baffle 6 degradation chamber 11 bounded to the rear and reaches the pressure chamber 12 via the baffle opening 7, from where the Soil mixed with water is pumped out via a suction line 13 with the aid of a centrifugal pump to a separating system which is located, for example, above ground.
  • the baffle opening 7 is provided, for example, with a grid consisting of a plurality of bars 14.
  • the cutting wheel 8 has in the area of its hub a receiving opening 15 for receiving a center cutter 16, for example, which is similar to a micromachine and has a central cutting wheel 17.
  • the outer cutting wheel 8 is provided with a connection flange 18 on its rear side, which points away from the dismantling tools 10.
  • the connecting flange 18 of the outer cutting wheel 8 is rotatably connected to an output flange 19.
  • the output flange 19 is part of an outer cutting wheel drive 20, via which the outer cutting wheel 8 can be driven both clockwise and counterclockwise.
  • several hydraulic or electric drive motors 21 are seen, which are coupled to drive pinions 23 via reduction gears housed in reduction gear housings 22, one of which is shown in FIG. 1.
  • the drive pinion 23 is mounted in the main gear housing 24 of the tunnel boring machine and is connected via a pinion shaft 65 to the reduction gear of the drive motor 21.
  • the main transmission housing 24 has a transmission housing inner jacket 25, which is designed as a short piece of pipe and extends between an annular front transmission housing wall 26 and a rear transmission housing wall 27.
  • the main gear housing 24 is attached to the center tube 4.
  • a bearing 28 extends along the center tube 4, the bearing outer ring 29 being fixedly connected to the main gear housing 24 and the bearing inner ring 30 being firmly connected to the drive flange 19.
  • the bearing inner ring 30 has a toothing 31, in which the teeth of the drive pinion 23 engage.
  • a seal 32 is provided all around the output flange 19, which consists of a seal race 33, a seal carrier 34, a seal package 35 and a clamping ring 36.
  • an inner seal 67 is provided along the output flange 19 and the front gear housing wall 26.
  • a feed water inflow line allows water or a water suspension to be introduced into the pressure chamber 12, so that it is continuously filled with liquid, for example up to half the height.
  • the soil removed with the aid of the outer cutting wheel 8 is discharged via the suction line 13 with the aid of the liquid supplied via the water inflow lines when the cutting arms 9 are rotated with the drive motors 21 to the right or left while driving the tunneling machine.
  • the already mentioned central cutting wheel 17 is provided, which in FIG. 1 shows a broken-away partial view and a sectional view and in FIG. 2 a top view against the direction of advance is recognizable.
  • the central cutting wheel 17 of the center cutter 16 has a curved end face 37, in which a plurality of inlet openings 38 are provided.
  • the inlet openings 38 which can be seen in FIG. 2 extend in the radial direction up to a rim 39.
  • Wide spokes 40 are located between the inlet openings 38.
  • removal tools 41 for example peeling knives or picks, are provided along the inlet openings 38.
  • the central cutting wheel 17 has a hub 42 which extends into a conical crusher space 43 and is connected to a drive actuator 44 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • a plurality of inner crushing strips 45 extend along the hub 42 in the interior of the conical crusher space 43.
  • the crusher space 43 is surrounded by a cone plate 46 which is provided with a multiplicity of external crushing strips 47.
  • a stone crusher is formed for the soil penetrating through the inlet openings 38. 2 also shows the inner crushing bars 45 and the outer crushing bars 47.
  • the material comminuted in the cone crusher thus formed leaves the crushing space 43 via an annular gap 48 which is connected to a flushing or suction line 49 which extends through the drive actuator 44.
  • the crusher space 43 is from a distribution space 50 for
  • Housing shell 51 of the center cutter 16 and extends in the axial direction up to a rear wall 52.
  • a plurality of mouths of feed water lines 53 is provided for feed water, which leaves the distributor space 50 via passages 54, so that material present in the crusher space 43 can be transported away via the annular gap 48 and the rinsing and suction line 49.
  • the feed or suction line 49 can convey both liquid to the separating system and feed water from the separating system.
  • a plurality of drive motors 55 for driving the central cutting wheel 17 are provided in the housing shell 51.
  • the drive actuator 44 has a turntable 56 in which pinions 57 of the drive motors 55 engage.
  • the drive actuator 44 is supported by means of a bearing 58, a front seal 59 and a rear seal 60 providing the necessary seals.
  • the rim 39 projecting over the annular gap remaining in the receiving opening 15 also has a sealing effect.
  • FIG. 3 shows the front part of a tunnel boring machine, which essentially corresponds to the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the central cutting wheel 17 is provided with other removal tools than those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • the center cutter 16 shown there is provided with roller drilling tools 70 which are fastened on a disk-shaped tool carrier plate 71.
  • the tool carrier plate 71 is in one in FIG.
  • top view. 4 also shows a plurality of reinforcing ribs 72 as well as ridges 73. Components which are identical to those from FIG. 1 and 2 match, have the same reference numerals in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Abstract

Un tunnelier dispose, en plus d'une grande roue coupante externe (8), d'une petite roue coupante centrale (17), laquelle est montée près du moyeu de la roue coupante externe (8), ce qui permet d'éviter la formation de bouchons de sol et de noyaux morts au voisinage de l'axe longitudinal de la roue coupante (8), de manière à réduire la résistance à l'avancement de la machine.A tunnel boring machine has, in addition to a large external cutting wheel (8), a small central cutting wheel (17), which is mounted near the hub of the external cutting wheel (8), which avoids the formation of soil plugs and dead cores in the vicinity of the longitudinal axis of the cutting wheel (8), so as to reduce the resistance to advancement of the machine.

Description

Tunnelvσrtriebsmaschine Tunnel driving machine
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Tunnelvortriebsmaschine zum Bohren eines Tunnels mit einem in das Erdreich vor- treibbaren Schild, in dem ein antreibbares und mit Abbauwerkzeugen ausgestattetes Schneidrad angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a tunnel boring machine for drilling a tunnel with a shield that can be driven into the ground and in which a cutting wheel that can be driven and equipped with mining tools is arranged.
Derartige Tunnelvortriebsmaschinen sind bekannt und verfügen über ein Schneidrad mit mehreren Schneidarmen, wobei das abgetragene Erdreich durch die Zwischenräume in den Schneidarmen in die Tunnelvortriebsmaschine gelangt und anschließend abtransportiert wird. Wegen der hohen auftretenden Kräfte ist der Nabenbereich des Schneidrades, von dem ausgehend sich die Schneidarme radial nach außen erstrecken, massiv und stabil ausge¬ bildet. Aus diesem Grunde muß im Bereich der Längsachse des Schneidrades abgebautes Erdmaterial in radialer Richtung des Schneidrades bis zu einem der Zwischen- räume zwischen den Schneidarmen des Schneidrades trans¬ portiert werden. Da außerdem im Zentrumsbereich des Schneidrades die Geschwindigkeit der dort vorhandenen Abbauwerkzeuge kleiner ist als die Geschwindigkeit der Werkzeuge, die auf einem größeren Radius umlaufen, ergibt sich häufig ein toter Kern im Bereich der Achse des Schneidrades, wobei es dort im wesentlichen zu einer Bodenverdrängung statt einem aktiven Abbau des Erdreiches kommt. Auf diese Weise wird durch die Bil¬ dung eines Erdpfropfens der Vortriebswiderstand der Tunnelvortriebsmaschine insbesondere bei bindigen Böden, wie Lehm und Ton, erhöht. Um das Ausweichen des Erdreiches im toten Kern des Schneidrades zu verbes¬ sern, hat man bereits Gleitschichten verwendet. Jedoch nutzen sich diese schnell ab, so daß ein zunächst geringer Vortriebswiderstand sich wegen der Abnutzung im zentralen Bereich des Schneidrades im Laufe der Zeit erhöht. Der erhöhte Vortriebswiderstand bei den bekann¬ ten Tunnelvortriebsmaschinen reduziert die Vortriebsge¬ schwindigkeit beim Tunnelbau und erfordert höhere Vortriebs!e stungen.Such tunnel boring machines are known and have a cutting wheel with a plurality of cutting arms, the removed soil reaching the tunnel boring machine through the gaps in the cutting arms and then being transported away. Because of the high forces that occur, the hub area of the cutting wheel, from which the cutting arms extend radially outwards, is solid and stable. For this reason, earth material that has been mined in the region of the longitudinal axis of the cutting wheel must be transported in the radial direction of the cutting wheel to one of the spaces between the cutting arms of the cutting wheel. In addition, since in the center area of the cutting wheel the speed of the removal tools available there is lower than the speed of the tools that rotate over a larger radius, there is often a dead core in the area of the axis of the cutting wheel, where there is essentially a ground displacement instead of one active mining of the earth comes. In this way, the propulsion resistance of the tunnel boring machine is increased by the formation of an earth plug, particularly in the case of cohesive soils, such as clay and clay. In order to improve the evasion of the soil in the dead core of the cutting wheel, sliding layers have already been used. However, these wear out quickly, so that an initially low propulsion resistance decreases over time due to wear in the central area of the cutting wheel elevated. The increased tunneling resistance in the known tunnel boring machines reduces the tunneling speed in tunnel construction and requires higher tunneling efforts.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Tunnel¬ vortriebsmaschine zu schaffen, die sich durch einen geringen Vortriebswiderstand auszeichnet.The invention has for its object to provide a tunnel boring machine which is characterized by a low propulsion resistance.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß im Nabenbereich des Schneidrades ein gegenüber dem Schneidrad drehbarer, ebenfalls Abbauwerkzeuge aufwei¬ sender Zentrumsschneider mit einem zentralen Schneidrad angeordnet ist.This object is achieved in that a center cutter with a central cutting wheel is arranged in the hub area of the cutting wheel and rotatable with respect to the cutting wheel and also having removal tools.
Mit Hilfe des zentralen Schneidrades des Zentrums¬ schneiders ist es möglich, im Bereich des toten Kerns unabhängig vom Abbau durch das größere Schne rad zu arbeiten. Dazu verfügt der Zentru εschneider über einen vo Schneidrad getrennten Antrieb für beide Drehrich¬ tungen. Um das Erdreich im toten Kern schnell und einfach abführen zu können, verfügt der Zentrumsschnei¬ der wenigstens über eine Eintrittsöffnung für das abzubauende Erdreich. Die Eintrittsöffnung mündet in einen Brecherraum, der als Konusbrecher mit mehreren Brechleisten ausgebildet ist, die einerseits auf der Nabe des zentralen Schneidrades und andererseits auf der Innenseite des Konusbleches des Konusbrechers angeordnet sind.With the help of the central cutting wheel of the center cutter, it is possible to work in the dead core area regardless of the degradation by the larger cutting wheel. For this purpose, the center cutter has a drive for both directions of rotation which is separate from the cutting wheel. In order to be able to remove the soil in the dead core quickly and easily, the center cutter has at least one entry opening for the soil to be mined. The inlet opening opens into a crusher chamber which is designed as a cone crusher with a plurality of crushing bars which are arranged on the one hand on the hub of the central cutting wheel and on the other hand on the inside of the cone plate of the cone crusher.
Um das in den Brecherräum eintretende Erdreich abzu¬ transportieren, sind Spül- und Absaugleitungen vorge¬ sehen.In order to remove the soil entering the crusher room, flushing and suction lines are provided.
Das zentrale Schneidrad des Zentrumsschneiders verfügt vorzugsweise über eine Felge, durch die ein zw sehen dem Zentrumsschneider und der Öffnung im zentralen Schneidrad für den Zentrumsschneider vorhandener Ring¬ spalt in Vortriebsrichtung abgedeckt ist. Bei einem Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist das zentrale Schneidrad des Zentrumsschneiders mit mehreren Ein¬ trittsöffnungen versehen, an deren Berandung jeweils Schälmesser oder sonstige Abbauwerkzeuge vorgesehen sind. Insbesondere ist es möglich, das zentrale Schneidrad mit mehreren in Vortriebsrichtung arbeiten- den Rollenmeißeln auszustatten. Entlang der Felge des zentralen Schneidrades des Zentrumsschneiders können Karbidaufträge vorgesehen sein.The central cutter wheel of the center cutter preferably has a rim through which a see the center cutter and the opening in the central cutting wheel for the center cutter are covered in the direction of advance. In one embodiment of the invention, the central cutting wheel of the center cutter is provided with a plurality of inlet openings, at the edge of which peeling knives or other dismantling tools are provided. In particular, it is possible to equip the central cutting wheel with a plurality of roller chisels working in the direction of advance. Carbide applications can be provided along the rim of the central cutter wheel of the center cutter.
Nachfolgend werden zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfin- düng anhand der Zeichnung näher beschrieben. Es zeigen:Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing. Show it:
Fig. 1 den vorderen Schildbereich einer Tunnelvot— triebsmaschine gemäß der Erfindung im Schnitt mit einer ausgebrochenen Teilansicht des Zentrumsschneiders,1 shows the front shield area of a tunneling machine according to the invention in section with a broken-out partial view of the center cutter,
Fig. 2 eine Ansicht auf die Tunnelvortriebsmaschine gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Ansicht entgegen der Vortriebsrichtung,2 is a view of the tunnel boring machine according to FIG. 1 in a view against the direction of advance,
Fig. 3 ein gegenüber Fig. 1 abgewandeltes Ausfüh¬ rungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Tunnel¬ vortriebsmaschine mit einem Roll nbohrwerk- zeuge aufweisenden Zentrumεschneider undFIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of the tunnel boring machine according to the invention modified with respect to FIG. 1 with a center cutter and roller boring tools
Fig. 4 eine der Fig. 2 entsprechende Ansicht des Zentrumsschneiders in einer gegenüber den Fig. 2 und 3 etwas vergrößerten Darstellung.Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of the center cutter in a somewhat enlarged representation compared to FIGS. 2 and 3.
In Fig. 1 erkennt man den am vorderen Teil einer Tun¬ nelvortriebsmaschine oder Tunnelbohrmaschi e für den Tunnelbau vorgesehenen Schild 1 im Längsschnitt. Der Schild 1 weist einen zylindrischen Schildmantel 2 auf, der an dem in Vortriebsrichtung weisenden vorderen Ende mit einer Schildschneide 3 versehen ist. Da die Fig. 2 nach rechts abgebrochen ist, sind in Fig. 1 weder der Sch ldschwanz des Schildes 1 noch die übrigen Teile der Tunnel ortriebsmaschine dargestellt.1 shows that at the front part of a tunnel boring machine or tunnel boring machine for the Tunnel construction provided shield 1 in longitudinal section. The shield 1 has a cylindrical shield shell 2 which is provided with a shield cutting edge 3 at the front end pointing in the direction of advance. Since FIG. 2 has broken off to the right, neither the malice tail of the shield 1 nor the other parts of the tunnel drive machine are shown in FIG. 1.
Koaxial zum Schildmantel 2 erstreckt sich ein in axia- 1er Richtung gegenüber dem Schildmantel 2 kurzes Zen¬ trumsrohr 4. Das Zentrumsrohr 4 ist an seinem in Fig. 1 rechten Ende mit Hilfe einer Druckwand 5 und an seinem in Fig. 1 linken Ende mit Hilfe einer Tauchwand 6 befestigt. Sowohl die Druckwand 5 als auch die Tauch- wand 6 sind ringförmig ausgebildet, wobei der Außen¬ durchmesser des Ringes jeweils dem SchiIdmantelinnen- durchmesser und der Innendurchmesser des Ringes jeweils dem Zentrumsrohraußendurchmesser entspricht.A central tube 4 extends coaxially with the shield jacket 2 in the axial direction relative to the shield jacket 2. The center tube 4 is at its right end in FIG. 1 with the help of a pressure wall 5 and at its left end in FIG. 1 with the help attached to a baffle 6. Both the pressure wall 5 and the baffle wall 6 are annular, the outer diameter of the ring in each case corresponding to the inner shell diameter and the inner diameter of the ring in each case corresponding to the outer diameter of the central tube.
Die Tauchwand 6 ist mit einer in Fig. 1 unten darge¬ stellten Tauchwandöffnung 7 versehen, die in Fig. 2 in Ansicht zu erkennen ist.The baffle 6 is provided with a baffle opening 7 shown at the bottom in FIG. 1, which can be seen in view in FIG. 2.
In Fig. 2 erkennt man den bereits erwähnten Schildman- tel 2 und die Tauchwand 6, vor der in Vortriebsrichtung ein in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestelltes äußeres Schneid¬ rad 8 angeordnet ist.2 shows the shield jacket 2 already mentioned and the diving wall 6, in front of which an outer cutting wheel 8 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is arranged in the direction of advance.
Das Schneidrad 3 verfügt über mehrere Schneidarme 9. Die Schneidarme 9 des äußeren Schneidrades 8 sind jeweils mit mehreren Abbauwerkzeugen 10 versehen, die beim Vortrieb der Tunnelvortriebsmaschine das Erdreich im Bereich der Ortsbrust abtragen, wobei dieses ver¬ mischt mit Wasser in die durch die Tauchwand 6 nach hinten begrenzte Abbaukammer 11 und über die Tauchwand- öffnung 7 in die Druckkammer 12 gelangt, von wo aus das mit Wasser vermischte Erdreich über eine Saugleitung 13 mit Hilfe einer Kreiselpumpe zu einer Separieranlage abgepumpt wird, die sich zum Beispiel über Tage befin¬ det. Um ein Verstopfen der Saugleitung 13 zu vermeiden, ist zum Beispiel die Tauchwandöffnung 7 mit einem aus mehreren Gitterstäben 14 bestehenden Gitter versehen.The cutting wheel 3 has a plurality of cutting arms 9. The cutting arms 9 of the outer cutting wheel 8 are each provided with a number of excavation tools 10 which remove the soil in the area of the working face when the tunnel boring machine is being driven, this mixing with water into the through the baffle 6 degradation chamber 11 bounded to the rear and reaches the pressure chamber 12 via the baffle opening 7, from where the Soil mixed with water is pumped out via a suction line 13 with the aid of a centrifugal pump to a separating system which is located, for example, above ground. In order to avoid clogging of the suction line 13, the baffle opening 7 is provided, for example, with a grid consisting of a plurality of bars 14.
Das Schneidrad 8 verfügt im Bereich seiner Nabe über eine Aufnahmeöffnung 15 zur Aufnahme eines beispiels- weise ähnlich einer Mikromaschine ausgebildeten Zen¬ trumsschneiders 16 mit einem zentralen Schneidrad 17.The cutting wheel 8 has in the area of its hub a receiving opening 15 for receiving a center cutter 16, for example, which is similar to a micromachine and has a central cutting wheel 17.
Das äußere Schneidrad 8 ist an seiner von den Abbau¬ werkzeugen 10 wegweisenden Rückseite mit einem An- schlußflansch 18 versehen. Der Anschlußflansch 18 des äußeren Schneidrades 8 ist mit einem Abtriebs lansch 19 drehfest verbunden. Der Abtriebsflansch 19 ist Teil eines äußeren Schneidradantriebs 20, über den das äußere Schneidrad 8 sowohl rechtsdrehend als auch linksdrehend angetrieben werden kann. Dazu sind mehrere hydraulische oder elektrische Antriebsmotoren 21 voi— gesehen, die über in Untersetzungsgetriebegehäusen 22 untergebrachten Untersetzungsgetrieben mit Antriebs¬ ritzeln 23 gekoppelt sind, von denen in Fig. 1 eins dargestellt ist.The outer cutting wheel 8 is provided with a connection flange 18 on its rear side, which points away from the dismantling tools 10. The connecting flange 18 of the outer cutting wheel 8 is rotatably connected to an output flange 19. The output flange 19 is part of an outer cutting wheel drive 20, via which the outer cutting wheel 8 can be driven both clockwise and counterclockwise. For this purpose, several hydraulic or electric drive motors 21 are seen, which are coupled to drive pinions 23 via reduction gears housed in reduction gear housings 22, one of which is shown in FIG. 1.
Das Antriebsritzel 23 ist im Hauptgetriebegehäuεe 24 der Tunnelvortriebsmaschine gelagert und über eine Ritzelwelle 65 mit dem Untersetzungsgetriebe des An- triebsmotorε 21 verbunden. Das Hauptgetriebegehäuse 24 verfügt über einen Getriebegehäuseinnenmantel 25, der als kurzes Rohrstück ausgebildet ist und sich zwischen einer ringförmigen vorderen Getriebegehäusewand 26 und einer hinteren Getriebegehäusewand 27 erstreckt. Wie man in Fig. 1 erkennt, ist das Hauptgetriebegehäuse 24 am Zentrumsrohr 4 befestigt. Entlang dem Zentrums¬ rohr 4 erstreckt sich ein Lager 28, wobei der Lager¬ außenring 29 fest mit dem Hauptgetriebegehäuse 24 und der Lagerinnenring 30 mit dem Antriebsflansch 19 fest verbunden ist. Der Lagerinnenring 30 verfügt über eine Verzahnung 31, in die die Zähne des Antriebsritzels 23 eingreifen.The drive pinion 23 is mounted in the main gear housing 24 of the tunnel boring machine and is connected via a pinion shaft 65 to the reduction gear of the drive motor 21. The main transmission housing 24 has a transmission housing inner jacket 25, which is designed as a short piece of pipe and extends between an annular front transmission housing wall 26 and a rear transmission housing wall 27. As can be seen in Fig. 1, the main gear housing 24 is attached to the center tube 4. A bearing 28 extends along the center tube 4, the bearing outer ring 29 being fixedly connected to the main gear housing 24 and the bearing inner ring 30 being firmly connected to the drive flange 19. The bearing inner ring 30 has a toothing 31, in which the teeth of the drive pinion 23 engage.
Um zu verhindern, daß Material aus der Abbaukammer 11 in das Lager 28 eindringen kann, ist umlaufend um den Abtriebsflansch 19 eine Dichtung 32 vorgesehen, die aus einem Dichtungslaufring 33, einem Dichtungsträger 34, einem Dichtungspacket 35 und einem Klemmring 36 be- steht. Außerdem ist eine innere Dichtung 67 entlang dem Abtriebsflansch 19 und der vorderen Getriebegehäusewand 26 vorgesehen.In order to prevent material from the removal chamber 11 from penetrating into the bearing 28, a seal 32 is provided all around the output flange 19, which consists of a seal race 33, a seal carrier 34, a seal package 35 and a clamping ring 36. In addition, an inner seal 67 is provided along the output flange 19 and the front gear housing wall 26.
Eine in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellte Speisewasser- zuflußleitung gestattet es, Wasser oder eine Wasser¬ suspension in die Druckkammer 12 einzubringen, so daß diese beispielsweise bis zur halben Höhe dauernd mit Flüssigkeit gefüllt ist. Das mit Hilfe des äußeren Schneidrades 8 abgetragene Erdreich wird mit Hilfe der über die Wasserzuflußleitungen ∑ugeführten Flüssigkeit über die Saugleitung 13 abgeführt, wenn die Schneidarme 9 mit Hilfe der Antriebsmotoren 21 rechts oder links drehend während eines Vortriebs der Tunnelvortriebs¬ maschine gedreht werden.A feed water inflow line, not shown in the drawing, allows water or a water suspension to be introduced into the pressure chamber 12, so that it is continuously filled with liquid, for example up to half the height. The soil removed with the aid of the outer cutting wheel 8 is discharged via the suction line 13 with the aid of the liquid supplied via the water inflow lines when the cutting arms 9 are rotated with the drive motors 21 to the right or left while driving the tunneling machine.
Um zu vermeiden, daß sich im Nabenbereich des äußeren Schneidrades 8 ein toter Kern bildet, ist das bereits erwähnte zentrale Schneidrad 17 vorgesehen, das in Fig. 1 in einer ausgebrochenen Teilansicht und einer Schnittansicht sowie in Fig. 2 in einer Draufsicht entgegen der Vortriebsrichtung zu erkennen ist. Das zentrale Schneidrad 17 des Zentrumsschneiders 16 verfügt über eine gewölbte Stirnfläche 37, in der mehrere Eintrittsöffnungen 38 vorgesehen sind. Die in Fig. 2 erkennbaren Eintrittsöffnungen 38 erstrecken sich in radialer Richtung bis zu einer Felge 39. Zwi¬ schen den Eintrittsöffnungen 38 befinden sich breite Speichen 40.In order to avoid that a dead core forms in the hub area of the outer cutting wheel 8, the already mentioned central cutting wheel 17 is provided, which in FIG. 1 shows a broken-away partial view and a sectional view and in FIG. 2 a top view against the direction of advance is recognizable. The central cutting wheel 17 of the center cutter 16 has a curved end face 37, in which a plurality of inlet openings 38 are provided. The inlet openings 38 which can be seen in FIG. 2 extend in the radial direction up to a rim 39. Wide spokes 40 are located between the inlet openings 38.
Wie man in Fig. 2 erkennen kann, sind entlang den Eintrittsöffnungen 38 Abbauwerkzeuge 41, beispielsweise Schälmesser oder Rundschaftsmeißel vorgesehen.As can be seen in FIG. 2, removal tools 41, for example peeling knives or picks, are provided along the inlet openings 38.
Das zentrale Schneidrad 17 verfügt über eine Nabe 42, die in einem konusförmigen Brecherraum 43 hineinreicht und mit einem Antriebsteller 44 drehfest verbunden ist.The central cutting wheel 17 has a hub 42 which extends into a conical crusher space 43 and is connected to a drive actuator 44 in a rotationally fixed manner.
Entlang der Nabe 42 erstrecken sich im Innern des konusförmigen Brecherraums 43 mehrere innere Brech¬ leisten 45. Der Brecherraum 43 ist von einem Konusblech 46 umgeben, das mit einer Vielzahl von äußeren Brech¬ leisten 47 versehen ist. Auf diese Weise wird ein Steinbrecher für das durch die Eintrittεöffnungen 38 eindringende Erdreich gebildet. In Fig. 2 erkennt man ebenfalls die inneren Brechleisten 45 und die äußeren Brechleisten 47.A plurality of inner crushing strips 45 extend along the hub 42 in the interior of the conical crusher space 43. The crusher space 43 is surrounded by a cone plate 46 which is provided with a multiplicity of external crushing strips 47. In this way, a stone crusher is formed for the soil penetrating through the inlet openings 38. 2 also shows the inner crushing bars 45 and the outer crushing bars 47.
Das im so gebildeten Konusbrecher zerkleinerte Material verläßt den Brechraum 43 über einen Ringspalt 48, der mit einer sich durch den Antriebsteller 44 erstrecken- den Spül- oder Absaugleitung 49 in Verbindung steht.The material comminuted in the cone crusher thus formed leaves the crushing space 43 via an annular gap 48 which is connected to a flushing or suction line 49 which extends through the drive actuator 44.
Der Brecherraum 43 ist von einem Verteilerraum 50 fürThe crusher space 43 is from a distribution space 50 for
Speisewasser umgeben, der in radialer Richtung bis zumFeed water surrounded in the radial direction up to
Gehäusemantel 51 des Zentrumsschneiders 16 und in axialer Richtung bis zu einer Rückwand 52 reicht. In der Rückwand 52 sind mehrere Mündungen von Speise¬ wasserleitungen 53 für Speisewasser vorgesehen, das den Verteilerraum 50 über Durchtritte 54 verläßt, so daß im Brecherraum 43 vorhandenes Material über den Ringspalt 48 und die Spül- und Absaugleitung 49 abtransportiert werden kann. Die Speise- oder Absaugleitung 49 kann sowohl Flüssigkeit zur Separieranlage als auch Speise- v/asser von der Separieranlage fördern.Housing shell 51 of the center cutter 16 and extends in the axial direction up to a rear wall 52. In the rear wall 52 a plurality of mouths of feed water lines 53 is provided for feed water, which leaves the distributor space 50 via passages 54, so that material present in the crusher space 43 can be transported away via the annular gap 48 and the rinsing and suction line 49. The feed or suction line 49 can convey both liquid to the separating system and feed water from the separating system.
Im Gehäusemantel 51 sind mehrere Antriebsmotoren 55 zum Antrieb des zentralen Schneidrades 17 vorgesehen. Wie man in Fig. 1 erkennt, verfügt der Antriebsteller 44 über einen Drehkranz 56, in den Ritzel 57 der Antriebs¬ motoren 55 eingreifen. Wie man in Fig. 1 weiter er- kennt, ist der Antriebsteller 44 mit Hilfe eines Lagers 58 gelagert, wobei eine vordere Dichtung 59 und hintere Dichtung 60 für die notwendige Dichtigkeiten sorgen. Die über den in der Aufnahmeöffnung 15 verbleibenden Ringspalt ragende Felge 39 hat ebenfalls eine Abdicht- Wirkung.A plurality of drive motors 55 for driving the central cutting wheel 17 are provided in the housing shell 51. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the drive actuator 44 has a turntable 56 in which pinions 57 of the drive motors 55 engage. As can also be seen in FIG. 1, the drive actuator 44 is supported by means of a bearing 58, a front seal 59 and a rear seal 60 providing the necessary seals. The rim 39 projecting over the annular gap remaining in the receiving opening 15 also has a sealing effect.
Fig. 3 zeigt den vorderen Teil einer Tunnelvortriebs- maschinε, die im wesentlichen dem in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Aufbau entspricht, wobei jedoch das zentrale Schneidrad 17 mit anderen als in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellten Abbauwerkzeugen versehen ist. Wie man in Fig. 3 erkennt, ist der dort dargestellte Zen¬ trumsschneider 16 mit Rollenbohrwerkzeugen 70 versehen, die auf einer scheibenförmigen Werkzeugträgerplatte 71 befestigt sind.FIG. 3 shows the front part of a tunnel boring machine, which essentially corresponds to the structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, but the central cutting wheel 17 is provided with other removal tools than those shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. As can be seen in FIG. 3, the center cutter 16 shown there is provided with roller drilling tools 70 which are fastened on a disk-shaped tool carrier plate 71.
Die Werkzeugträgerplatte 71 ist in Fig. 4 in einerThe tool carrier plate 71 is in one in FIG
Draufsicht zu erkennen. Außerdem erkennt man in Fig. 4 eine Mehrzahl von Verstärkungsrippen 72 sowie Räu - leisten 73. Bauteile, die mit denjenigen aus den Fig. 1 und 2 übereinstimmen, haben in den Fig. 3 und 4 die gleichen Bezugszeichen.Recognize top view. 4 also shows a plurality of reinforcing ribs 72 as well as ridges 73. Components which are identical to those from FIG. 1 and 2 match, have the same reference numerals in FIGS. 3 and 4.
In Fig. 4 erkennt man ebenfalls eine Reihe von Karbid- auftragen 74 entlang dem Umfang der Felge 39 des zen¬ tralen Schneidrads 17. 4 also shows a series of carbide applications 74 along the circumference of the rim 39 of the central cutting wheel 17.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims
1. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine zum Bohren eines Tunnels mit einem in das Erdreich vortreibbaren Schild, in dem ein antreibbares und mit Abbauwerkzeugen ausgestattetes Schneidrad angeordnet ist, d ¬ d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t, daß im Nabenbereich (15) des Schneidrades (8) ein gegenüber dem Schneidrad (8) drehbarer, ebenfalls Abbauwerkzeuge (41, 70, 74) aufweisender Zen¬ trumsschneider (16) mit einem zentralen Schneid¬ rad (17) angeordnet ist.1. tunnel boring machine for drilling a tunnel with a in the soil advanceable shield in which a drivable and equipped with cutting tools cutting wheel is arranged d ¬ characterized in that in the hub area (15) of the cutting wheel (8) with respect to the cutting wheel (8) rotatable A center cutter (16) with a central cutting wheel (17), which also has removal tools (41, 70, 74).
2. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zentrumsschneider (16) über einen vom äußeren Schneidrad (8) getrennten2. tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the center cutter (16) via a separate from the outer cutting wheel (8)
Antrieb (55, 56, 57) für beide Drehrichtungen verfügt.Drive (55, 56, 57) for both directions of rotation.
3. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zentrumsschneider (16) wenigstens eine Eintrittsöffnung (38) für das abzubauende Erdreich aufweist, die in einen Brecherraum (43) mündet.3. tunnel boring machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the center cutter (16) has at least one inlet opening (38) for the earth to be mined, which opens into a crusher chamber (43).
4. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brecherräum (43) als Konusbrecher mit mehreren Brechleisten (45, 47) ausgebildet ist, die einerseits auf der Nabe des zentralen Schneidrades (17) und andererseits auf der Innenseite des Konusbleches (46) des Konuε- brechers angeordnet sind.4. tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the crusher chamber (43) is designed as a cone crusher with a plurality of crushing bars (45, 47) on the one hand on the hub of the central cutting wheel (17) and on the other hand on the inside of the cone plate (46) of the cone crusher are arranged.
5. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Brecherraum (43) mit einer Spül- und Absaugleitung (49) verbunden ist. 5. tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that the crusher chamber (43) is connected to a flushing and suction line (49).
6. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine nach einem der vorstehen¬ den Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zentrale Schneidrad (17) eine Felge (39) auf¬ weist, durch die ein zwischen dem Zentrumsschnei- der (16) und der Aufnahmeöffnung (15) im äußeren Schneidrad für den Zentrumsschneider (16) vorhan¬ dener Ringspalt in Vortriebsrichtung abgedeckt ist.6. Tunnel boring machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the central cutting wheel (17) has a rim (39) through which a between the center cutter (16) and the receiving opening (15) in the outer cutting wheel for the center cutter (16) existing ring gap is covered in the direction of advance.
7. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine nach einem der vorstehen¬ den Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zentrale Schneidrad (17) des Zentrumsschneiders (16) mehrere Eintrittsöffnungen (38) aufweist, an deren Berandung Schälmesser (41) vorgesehen sind.7. tunnel boring machine according to one of the protruding claims, characterized in that the central cutting wheel (17) of the center cutter (16) has a plurality of inlet openings (38), at the edge of which peeling knives (41) are provided.
8. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf dem zentralen Schneidrad (17) des Zentrumsεchneiderε (16) mehrere in Vortriebsrichtung arbeitende Rollenmeißel (70) vorgesehen sind.8. tunnel boring machine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on the central cutting wheel (17) of the Zentrumsεchneiderε (16) several roller chisels (70) working in the direction of advance are provided.
9. Tunnelvortriebsmaschine nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß entlang der Felge (39) des zentralen Schneidrades (17) des Zentrumsεchnei- derε (16) Karbidaufträge (74) vorgesehen sind. 9. tunnel boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that along the rim (39) of the central cutting wheel (17) of the Zentrumsεchnei- derε (16) carbide orders (74) are provided.
EP92903024A 1991-04-23 1992-01-25 Tunnel-driving machine Expired - Lifetime EP0580585B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4113208 1991-04-23
DE4113208A DE4113208C2 (en) 1991-04-23 1991-04-23 Shield boring machine
PCT/DE1992/000047 WO1992018751A1 (en) 1991-04-23 1992-01-25 Tunnel-driving machine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0580585A1 true EP0580585A1 (en) 1994-02-02
EP0580585B1 EP0580585B1 (en) 1996-03-27

Family

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Country Status (4)

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US (1) US5437500A (en)
EP (1) EP0580585B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4113208C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1992018751A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5437500A (en) 1995-08-01
WO1992018751A1 (en) 1992-10-29
DE59205869D1 (en) 1996-05-02
EP0580585B1 (en) 1996-03-27
DE4113208C2 (en) 1995-04-06
DE4113208A1 (en) 1992-10-29

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